1
|
MacDonell RJ, Navickas T, Wohlers-Reichel TF, Valahu CH, Rao AD, Millican MJ, Currington MA, Biercuk MJ, Tan TR, Hempel C, Kassal I. Predicting molecular vibronic spectra using time-domain analog quantum simulation. Chem Sci 2023; 14:9439-9451. [PMID: 37712022 PMCID: PMC10498668 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02453a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Spectroscopy is one of the most accurate probes of the molecular world. However, predicting molecular spectra accurately is computationally difficult because of the presence of entanglement between electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom. Although quantum computers promise to reduce this computational cost, existing quantum approaches rely on combining signals from individual eigenstates, an approach whose cost grows exponentially with molecule size. Here, we introduce a method for scalable analog quantum simulation of molecular spectroscopy: by performing simulations in the time domain, the number of required measurements depends on the desired spectral range and resolution, not molecular size. Our approach can treat more complicated molecular models than previous ones, requires fewer approximations, and can be extended to open quantum systems with minimal overhead. We present a direct mapping of the underlying problem of time-domain simulation of molecular spectra to the degrees of freedom and control fields available in a trapped-ion quantum simulator. We experimentally demonstrate our algorithm on a trapped-ion device, exploiting both intrinsic electronic and motional degrees of freedom, showing excellent quantitative agreement for a single-mode vibronic photoelectron spectrum of SO2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J MacDonell
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- University of Sydney Nano Institute, University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Tomas Navickas
- School of Physics, University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Tim F Wohlers-Reichel
- School of Physics, University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Christophe H Valahu
- School of Physics, University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Arjun D Rao
- School of Physics, University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Maverick J Millican
- School of Physics, University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | | | - Michael J Biercuk
- School of Physics, University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Ting Rei Tan
- School of Physics, University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Cornelius Hempel
- School of Physics, University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- ETH Zurich-PSI Quantum Computing Hub, Laboratory for Nano and Quantum Technologies (LNQ), Paul Scherrer Institut 5232 Villigen Switzerland
| | - Ivan Kassal
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- University of Sydney Nano Institute, University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pawłowski F, Ortiz JV. Ionization Energies and Dyson Orbitals of the Iso-electronic SO 2, O 3, and S 3 Molecules from Electron Propagator Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:3664-3680. [PMID: 33886321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c01759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Adiabatic and vertical ionization energies corresponding to the X̃ A12, à B22, and B̃ A22 final states of SO2+, O3+, and S3+ have been calculated with a variety of electron-propagator and coupled-cluster methods. The BD-T1 electron-propagator method for vertical ionization energies and coupled-cluster adiabatic and zero-point corrections yield agreement with experiment to within 0.1 eV in all cases but one. The remaining discrepancies for the à B22 state of SO2+ indicate a need for higher levels of theory in determining cationic minima and their accompanying vibrational frequencies. Predictions for the still unobserved à B22 and B̃ A22 final states of S3+ are included. To account for increased biradical character in O3 and S3, highly correlated reference states are required to produce the correct order of final states. Electron correlation plays a subtle role in determining the contours of the Dyson orbitals obtained with BD-T1 and NR2 electron-propagator calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filip Pawłowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| | - Joseph Vincent Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Satta M, Cartoni A, Catone D, Castrovilli MC, Bolognesi P, Zema N, Avaldi L. The Reaction of Sulfur Dioxide Radical Cation with Hydrogen and its Relevance in Solar Geoengineering Models. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:1146-1156. [PMID: 32203633 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SO2 has been proposed in solar geoengineering as a precursor of H2 SO4 aerosol, a cooling agent active in the stratosphere to contrast climate change. Atmospheric ionization sources can ionize SO2 into excited states of S O 2 · + , which quickly reacts with trace gases in the stratosphere. In this work we explore the reaction of H 2 D 2 with S O 2 · + excited by tunable synchrotron radiation, leading to H S O 2 + + H ( D S O 2 + + D ), where H contributes to O3 depletion and OH formation. Density Functional Theory and Variational Transition State Theory have been used to investigate the dynamics of the title barrierless and exothermic reaction. The present results suggest that solar geoengineering models should test the reactivity of S O 2 · + with major trace gases in the stratosphere, such as H2 since this is a relevant channel for the OH formation during the nighttime when there is not OH production by sunlight. OH oxides SO2 , triggering the chemical reactions leading to H2 SO4 aerosol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Satta
- ISMN (CNR) c/o Dipartimento di Chimica Sapienza Universita' di Roma, Pl.e Aldo Moro 5, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonella Cartoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Universitá di Roma, Pl.e Aldo Moro 5, Roma, Italy
| | - Daniele Catone
- CNR-ISM, Area della Ricerca di Tor Vergata, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Paola Bolognesi
- CNR-ISM, Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, Via Salaria Km 29,300, Monterotondo Scalo (RM), Italy
| | - Nicola Zema
- CNR-ISM, Area della Ricerca di Tor Vergata, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere, Roma, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Avaldi
- CNR-ISM, Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, Via Salaria Km 29,300, Monterotondo Scalo (RM), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Catone D, Satta M, Cartoni A, Castrovilli MC, Bolognesi P, Turchini S, Avaldi L. Gas Phase Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide by Sulfur Dioxide Radical Cation: Reaction Dynamics and Kinetic Trend With the Temperature. Front Chem 2019; 7:140. [PMID: 30972318 PMCID: PMC6443698 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Gas phase ion chemistry has fundamental and applicative purposes since it allows the study of the chemical processes in a solvent free environment and represents models for reactions occurring in the space at low and high temperatures. In this work the ion-molecule reaction of sulfur dioxide ion SO 2 . + with carbon monoxide CO is investigated in a joint experimental and theoretical study. The reaction is a fast and exothermic chemical oxidation of CO into more stable CO2 by a metal free species, as SO 2 . + , excited into ro-vibrational levels of the electronic ground state by synchrotron radiation. The results show that the reaction is hampered by the enhancement of internal energy of sulfur dioxide ion and the only ionic product is SO.+. The theoretical approach of variational transition state theory (VTST) based on density functional electronic structure calculations, shows an interesting and peculiar reaction dynamics of the interacting system along the reaction path. Two energy minima corresponding to [SO2-CO].+ and [OS-OCO].+ complexes are identified. These minima are separated by an intersystem crossing barrier which couples the bent 3B2 state of CO2 with C2v symmetry and the 1A1 state with linear D∞h symmetry. The spin and charge reorganization along the minimum energy path (MEP) are analyzed and eventually the charge and spin remain allocated to the SO.+ moiety and the stable CO2 molecule is easily produced. There is no bottleneck that slows down the reaction and the values of the rate coefficient k at different temperatures are calculated with capture theory. A value of 2.95 × 10-10 cm3s-1molecule-1 is obtained at 300 K in agreement with the literature experimental measurement of 3.00 × 10-10 ± 20% cm3s-1molecule-1, and a negative trend with temperature is predicted consistently with the experimental observations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Catone
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR-ISM), Area della Ricerca di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Satta
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNR-ISMN), Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Cartoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.,Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR-ISM), Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattea C Castrovilli
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR-ISM), Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Bolognesi
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR-ISM), Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Turchini
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR-ISM), Area della Ricerca di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Avaldi
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR-ISM), Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Holland DMP, Powis I, Trofimov AB, Menzies RC, Potts AW, Karlsson L, Badsyuk IL, Moskovskaya TE, Gromov EV, Schirmer J. An experimental and theoretical study of the valence shell photoelectron spectra of 2-chloropyridine and 3-chloropyridine. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:164307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4999433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D. M. P. Holland
- Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire WA4 4AD, United Kingdom
| | - I. Powis
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - A. B. Trofimov
- Laboratory of Quantum Chemistry, Irkutsk State University, Karl Marx Str. 1, 664003 Irkutsk, Russia
- Favorsky’s Institute of Chemistry, SB RAS, Favorsky Str. 1, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
| | - R. C. Menzies
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - A. W. Potts
- Department of Physics, King’s College, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - L. Karlsson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - I. L. Badsyuk
- Laboratory of Quantum Chemistry, Irkutsk State University, Karl Marx Str. 1, 664003 Irkutsk, Russia
| | - T. E. Moskovskaya
- Laboratory of Quantum Chemistry, Irkutsk State University, Karl Marx Str. 1, 664003 Irkutsk, Russia
| | - E. V. Gromov
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J. Schirmer
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Trofimov AB, Holland DMP, Powis I, Menzies RC, Potts AW, Karlsson L, Gromov EV, Badsyuk IL, Schirmer J. Ionization of pyridine: Interplay of orbital relaxation and electron correlation. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:244307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4986405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. B. Trofimov
- Laboratory of Quantum Chemistry, Irkutsk State University, Karl Marx St. 1, 664003 Irkutsk, Russia
- Favorsky’s Institute of Chemistry, SB RAS, Favorsky St. 1, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
| | - D. M. P. Holland
- Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire WA4 4AD, United Kingdom
| | - I. Powis
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - R. C. Menzies
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - A. W. Potts
- Department of Physics, King’s College, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - L. Karlsson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - E. V. Gromov
- Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - I. L. Badsyuk
- Favorsky’s Institute of Chemistry, SB RAS, Favorsky St. 1, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
| | - J. Schirmer
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cartoni A, Catone D, Bolognesi P, Satta M, Markus P, Avaldi L. HSO2
+
Formation from Ion-Molecule Reactions of SO2
⋅+
with Water and Methane: Two Fast Reactions with Reverse Temperature-Dependent Kinetic Trend. Chemistry 2017; 23:6772-6780. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Cartoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Sapienza Università di Roma; Pl.e Aldo Moro 5 00185 Roma Italy
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia (ISM); Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Area della Ricerca di Roma 1; via Salaria Km 29,300 Monterotondo Scalo (RM) 00016 Italy
| | - Daniele Catone
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia (ISM); Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Area della Ricerca di Roma 2; via del Fosso del Cavaliere 10 00133 Roma Italy
| | - Paola Bolognesi
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia (ISM); Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Area della Ricerca di Roma 1; via Salaria Km 29,300 Monterotondo Scalo (RM) 00016 Italy
| | - Mauro Satta
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN); Dipartimento di Chimica; Sapienza Università di Roma; P.le Aldo Moro 5 00185 Roma Italy
| | - Pal Markus
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia (ISM); Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Area della Ricerca di Roma 1; via Salaria Km 29,300 Monterotondo Scalo (RM) 00016 Italy
| | - Lorenzo Avaldi
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia (ISM); Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Area della Ricerca di Roma 1; via Salaria Km 29,300 Monterotondo Scalo (RM) 00016 Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Svoboda V, Ram NB, Rajeev R, Wörner HJ. Time-resolved photoelectron imaging with a femtosecond vacuum-ultraviolet light source: Dynamics in the A∼/B∼- and F∼-bands of SO 2. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:084301. [PMID: 28249458 DOI: 10.1063/1.4976552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Time-resolved photoelectron imaging is demonstrated using the third harmonic of a 400-nm femtosecond laser pulse as the ionization source. The resulting 133-nm pulses are combined with 266-nm pulses to study the excited-state dynamics in the A∼/B∼- and F∼-band regions of SO2. The photoelectron signal from the molecules excited to the A∼/B∼-band does not decay for at least several picoseconds, reflecting the population of bound states. The temporal variation of the photoelectron angular distribution (PAD) reflects the creation of a rotational wave packet in the excited state. In contrast, the photoelectron signal from molecules excited to the F∼-band decays with a time constant of 80 fs. This time constant is attributed to the motion of the excited-state wave packet out of the ionization window. The observed time-dependent PADs are consistent with the F∼ band corresponding to a Rydberg state of dominant s character. These results establish low-order harmonic generation as a promising tool for time-resolved photoelectron imaging of the excited-state dynamics of molecules, simultaneously giving access to low-lying electronic states, as well as Rydberg states, and avoiding the ionization of unexcited molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vít Svoboda
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Niraghatam Bhargava Ram
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rajendran Rajeev
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hans Jakob Wörner
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wilkinson I, Boguslavskiy AE, Mikosch J, Bertrand JB, Wörner HJ, Villeneuve DM, Spanner M, Patchkovskii S, Stolow A. Excited state dynamics in SO2. I. Bound state relaxation studied by time-resolved photoelectron-photoion coincidence spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2015; 140:204301. [PMID: 24880274 DOI: 10.1063/1.4875035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The excited state dynamics of isolated sulfur dioxide molecules have been investigated using the time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy and time-resolved photoelectron-photoion coincidence techniques. Excited state wavepackets were prepared in the spectroscopically complex, electronically mixed (B̃)(1)B1/(Ã)(1)A2, Clements manifold following broadband excitation at a range of photon energies between 4.03 eV and 4.28 eV (308 nm and 290 nm, respectively). The resulting wavepacket dynamics were monitored using a multiphoton ionisation probe. The extensive literature associated with the Clements bands has been summarised and a detailed time domain description of the ultrafast relaxation pathways occurring from the optically bright (B̃)(1)B1 diabatic state is presented. Signatures of the oscillatory motion on the (B̃)(1)B1/(Ã)(1)A2 lower adiabatic surface responsible for the Clements band structure were observed. The recorded spectra also indicate that a component of the excited state wavepacket undergoes intersystem crossing from the Clements manifold to the underlying triplet states on a sub-picosecond time scale. Photoelectron signal growth time constants have been predominantly associated with intersystem crossing to the (c̃)(3)B2 state and were measured to vary between 750 and 150 fs over the implemented pump photon energy range. Additionally, pump beam intensity studies were performed. These experiments highlighted parallel relaxation processes that occurred at the one- and two-pump-photon levels of excitation on similar time scales, obscuring the Clements band dynamics when high pump beam intensities were implemented. Hence, the Clements band dynamics may be difficult to disentangle from higher order processes when ultrashort laser pulses and less-differential probe techniques are implemented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iain Wilkinson
- National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OR6, Canada
| | - Andrey E Boguslavskiy
- National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OR6, Canada
| | - Jochen Mikosch
- National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OR6, Canada
| | - Julien B Bertrand
- National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OR6, Canada
| | - Hans Jakob Wörner
- National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OR6, Canada
| | - David M Villeneuve
- National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OR6, Canada
| | - Michael Spanner
- National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OR6, Canada
| | - Serguei Patchkovskii
- National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OR6, Canada
| | - Albert Stolow
- National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OR6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Coriani S, Stener M, Decleva P, Holland D, Potts A, Karlsson L. A study of the valence shell electronic structure and photoionisation dynamics of s-triazine. Chem Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
11
|
Holland D, Powis I, Trofimov A, Bodzuk I, Soshnikov D, Potts A, Karlsson L. A study of the valence shell electronic structure and photoionisation dynamics of ortho-dichlorobenzene, ortho-bromochlorobenzene and trichlorobenzene. Chem Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2014.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
12
|
Lévêque C, Köppel H, Taïeb R. Excited state dynamics in SO2. III. An ab initio quantum study of single- and multi-photon ionization. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:204303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4875037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
13
|
Potts A, Holland D, Powis I, Karlsson L, Trofimov A, Bodzuk I. A study of the valence shell electronic structure and photoionisation dynamics of meta-dichlorobenzene and meta-bromochlorobenzene. Chem Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2012.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
14
|
A study of the valence shell electronic structure and photoionisation dynamics of para-dichlorobenzene and para-bromochlorobenzene. Chem Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2012.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
15
|
Holland D, Potts A, Karlsson L, Stener M, Decleva P. A study of the valence shell photoionisation dynamics of pyrimidine and pyrazine. Chem Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2011.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
16
|
Liu K, Song D, Kong FA, Li J, Mo Y. Ion-Pair Dissociation Dynamics of SO 2 in the Photon Energy Range 14.87−15.15 eV. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:9999-10004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp105206q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China, and Department of Physics and Key Laboratory for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Di Song
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China, and Department of Physics and Key Laboratory for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Fan-ao Kong
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China, and Department of Physics and Key Laboratory for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Juan Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China, and Department of Physics and Key Laboratory for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yuxiang Mo
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China, and Department of Physics and Key Laboratory for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chang JL, Huang ST, Chen CC, Yang TT, Hsiao CC, Lu HY, Lee CL. Theoretical calculations of C2v excited states of SO2+. Chem Phys Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.12.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
18
|
Kratzat M, Jochims HW, Baumgärtel H. Ion Pair Formation of Sulfur Dioxide in the Energy Range 14–20 eV. Z PHYS CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1524/zpch.2007.221.5.705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The photoinduced ion yield curve of O- from gaseous sulfur dioxide shows remarkable structures in the energy range between 14 and 20 eV. Their analysis reveals that they image different vibrationless and vibrationally excited Rydberg states converging to the ionic states C, D, E, F. In addition S-, SO- and SO2
- have been observed. Besides ion pair formation small contributions from dissociative electron attachment are recognized.
Collapse
|
19
|
HOLLAND DMP, SHAW DA, KARLSSON L, SHPINKOVA LG, COOPER L, TROFIMOV AB, SCHIRMER J. An experimental and theoretical investigation of the valence shell photoelectron spectrum of cyanogen chloride. Mol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970009483397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. M. P. HOLLAND
- a Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, Warrington , Cheshire , WA4 4AD , UK
| | - D. A. SHAW
- a Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, Warrington , Cheshire , WA4 4AD , UK
| | - L. KARLSSON
- b Department of Physics , Uppsala University , Box 530, SE-751 21 , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - L. G. SHPINKOVA
- c Department of Nuclear Spectroscopy Methods , Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University , Moscow , 119899 , Russian Federation
| | - L. COOPER
- d Department of Chemistry , Heriot-Watt University , Riccarton, Edinburgh , EH14 4AS , UK
| | - A. B. TROFIMOV
- e Laboratory of Quantum Chemistry, Computer Centre , Irkutsk State University , 664003 , Irkutsk , Russian Federation
| | - J. SCHIRMER
- f Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 , Heidelberg , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Holland D, Potts A, Karlsson L, Zaytseva I, Trofimov A, Schirmer J. A study of the valence shell electronic structure of uracil and the methyluracils. Chem Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2008.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
21
|
|
22
|
Bawagan ADO, Davidson ER. Understanding Electron Correlation: Recent Progress in Molecular Synchrotron Photoelectron Spectroscopy. ADVANCES IN CHEMICAL PHYSICS 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470141694.ch3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
|
23
|
Holland D, Powis I, Öhrwall G, Karlsson L, von Niessen W. A study of the photoionisation dynamics of chloromethane and iodomethane. Chem Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2006.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
24
|
Rennie EE, Boulanger AM, Mayer PM, Holland DMP, Shaw DA, Cooper L, Shpinkova LG. A Photoelectron and TPEPICO Investigation of the Acetone Radical Cation. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:8663-75. [PMID: 16836427 DOI: 10.1021/jp0616866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The valence shell photoelectron spectrum, threshold photoelectron spectrum, and threshold photoelectron photoion coincidence (TPEPICO) mass spectra of acetone have been measured using synchrotron radiation. New vibrational progressions have been observed and assigned in the X 2B2 state photoelectron bands of acetone-h6 and acetone-d6, and the influence of resonant autoionization on the threshold electron yield has been investigated. The dissociation thresholds for fragment ions up to 31 eV have been measured and compared to previous values. In addition, kinetic modeling of the threshold region for CH3* and CH4 loss leads to new values of 78 +/- 2 kJ mol(-1) and 75 +/- 2 kJ mol(-1), respectively, for the 0 K activation energies for these two processes. The result for the methyl loss channel is in reasonable agreement with, but slightly lower than, that of 83 +/- 1 kJ mol(-1) derived in a recent TPEPICO study by Fogleman et al. The modeling accounts for both low-energy dissociation channels at two different ion residence times in the mass spectrometer. Moreover, the effects of the ro-vibrational population distribution, the electron transmission efficiency, and the monochromator band-pass are included. The present activation energies yield a Delta(f)H298 for CH3CO+ of 655 +/- 3 kJ mol(-1), which is 4 kJ mol(-1) lower than that reported by Fogleman et al. The present Delta(f)H298 for CH3CO+ can be combined with the Delta(f)H298 for CH2CO (-47.5 +/- 1.6 kJ mol(-1)) and H+ (1530 kJ mol(-1)) to yield a 298 K proton affinity for ketene of 828 +/- 4 kJ mol(-1), in good agreement with the value (825 kJ mol(-1)) calculated at the G2 level of theory. The measured activation energy for CH4 loss leads to a Delta(f)H298 (CH2CO+*) of 873 +/- 3 kJ mol(-1).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma E Rennie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, Canada, K1N 6N5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Boulanger AM, Rennie EE, Holland DMP, Shaw DA, Mayer PM. Threshold-Photoelectron Spectroscopic Study of Methyl-Substituted Hydrazine Compounds. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:8563-71. [PMID: 16821842 DOI: 10.1021/jp0555854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The valence shell electronic structures of methylhydrazine (CH(3)NHNH(2)), 1,1-dimethylhydrazine ((CH(3))(2)NNH(2)) and tetramethylhydrazine ((CH(3))(4)N(2)) have been studied by recording threshold and conventional (kinetic energy resolved) photoelectron spectra. Ab initio calculations have been performed on ammonia and the three methyl substituted hydrazines, with the structures being optimized at the B3-LYP/6-31+G(d) level of theory. The ionization energies of the valence molecular orbitals were calculated using the Green's function method, allowing the photoelectron bands to be assigned to specific molecular orbitals. The ground-state adiabatic and vertical ionization energies, as determined from the threshold photoelectron spectra, were IE(a) = 8.02 +/- 0.16 eV and IE(v) = 9.36 +/- 0.02 eV for methylhydrazine, IE(a) = 7.78 +/- 0.16 eV and IE(v) = 8.86 +/- 0.01 eV for 1,1-dimethylhydrazine and IE(a) = 7.26 +/- 0.16 eV and IE(v) = 8.38 +/- 0.01 eV for tetramethylhydrazine. Due to the large geometry change that occurs upon ionization, these IE(a) values are all higher than the true thresholds. New features have been observed in the inner valence region and these have been compared with similar structure in the spectrum of hydrazine. The effect of resonant autoionization on the threshold photoelectron yield is discussed. New heats of formation (Delta(f)H) are proposed for the three hydrazines on the basis of G3 calculations: 107, 94, and 95 kJ/mol for methylhydrazine, 1,1-dimethyhydrazine and tetramethylhydrazine, respectively. The previously reported Delta(f)H for tetramethylhydrazine is shown to be erroneous.
Collapse
|
26
|
|
27
|
Palmer * MH, Shaw DA, Guest MF. The electronically excited and ionic states of sulphur dioxide: anab initiomolecular orbital CI study and comparison with spectral data. Mol Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970512331338135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
28
|
Holland D, Potts A, Trofimov A, Breidbach J, Schirmer J, Feifel R, Richter T, Godehusen K, Martins M, Tutay A, Yalcinkaya M, Al-Hada M, Eriksson S, Karlsson L. An experimental and theoretical study of the valence shell photoelectron spectrum of tetrafluoromethane. Chem Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2004.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
29
|
Li WZ, Huang MB. C, D, and E Electronic States of the SO2+ Ion Studied Using Multiconfiguration Second-Order Perturbation Theory. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp048524z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Zuo Li
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 3908, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Ming-Bao Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 3908, Beijing 100039, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Li WZ, Huang MB, Chen BZ. The 1 2A1, 1 2B2, and 1 2A2 states of the SO2+ ion studied using multiconfiguration second-order perturbation theory. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:4677-82. [PMID: 15267327 DOI: 10.1063/1.1645244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The 1 (2)A(1), 1 (2)B(2), and 1 (2)A(2) electronic states of the SO(2) (+) ion have been studied using multiconfiguration second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2) and two contracted atomic natural orbital basis sets, S[6s4p3d1f]/O[5s3p2d1f] (ANO-L) and S[4s3p2d]/O[3s2p1d] (ANO-S), and the three states were considered to correspond to the observed X, B, and A states, respectively, in the previous experimental and theoretical studies. Based on the CASPT2/ANO-L adiabatic excitation energy calculations, the X, A, and B states of SO(2) (+) are assigned to 1 (2)A(1), 1 (2)B(2), and 1 (2)A(2), respectively, and our assignments of the A and B states are contrary to the previous assignments (A to (2)A(2) and B to (2)B(2)). The CASPT2/ANO-L energetic calculations also indicate that the 1 (2)A(1), 1 (2)B(2), and 1 (2)A(2) states are, respectively, the ground, first excited, and second excited states at the ground-state (1 (2)A(1)) geometry of the ion and at the geometry of the ground-state SO(2) molecule. Based on the CASPT2/ANO-L results for the geometries, we realize that the experimental geometries (determined by assuming the bond lengths to be the same as the neutral ground state of SO(2)) were not accurate. The CASPT2/ANO-S calculations for the potential energy curves as functions of the OSO angle confirm that the 1 (2)B(2) and 1 (2)A(2) states are the results of the Renner-Teller effect in the degenerate (2)Pi(g) state at the linear geometry, and it is clearly shown that the 1 (2)B(2) curve, as the lower component of the Renner splitting, lies below the 1 (2)A(2) curve. The UB3LYP/cc-pVTZ adiabatic excitation energy calculations support the assignments (A to (2)B(2) and B to (2)A(2)) based on the CASPT2/ANO-L calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Zuo Li
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 3908, Beijing 100039, People's Republic of China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Holland D, Powis I, Karlsson L, Trofimov A, Schirmer J, von Niessen W. A study of the photoionisation dynamics of the cyanogen halides. Chem Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2003.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
32
|
Mo Y, Yang J, Chen G. Zero kinetic energy photoelectron study of SO2+(X2A1) using coherent extreme ultraviolet radiation. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:1263-70. [PMID: 15268252 DOI: 10.1063/1.1633551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Using our newly built extreme ultraviolet (XUV) photoelectron and photoion spectrometer, we have obtained the pulsed field ionization zero kinetic energy (ZEKE) photoelectron spectra of SO2+(X2A1)<--SO2(X1A1) by coherent XUV radiation in the energy range of 12.29-12.82 eV. The adiabatic ionization potential (IP) of SO2 is 12.3458+/-0.0002 (eV), which was determined by comparing the partially resolved rotational branch contour with the simulated one. Besides the bending vibrational mode (upsilon2) which was found to be exclusive in the photoelectron spectra (PE) reported previously, we also observed the other two modes: the symmetric stretching (upsilon1) and the antisymmetric stretching (upsilon3) vibrations. The fundamental of the symmetric stretching (upsilon(1)) is 1057 cm(-1) and the overtone of the antisymmetric stretching (2upsilon(3)) is 2494 cm(-1). The new vibrational progressions (upsilon(1)00)+, (1upsilon(2)0)+, (2upsilon(2)0)+, and (0upsilon(2)2)+ have also been observed, and these new observations suggested that the irregular structure of (0upsilon(2)0)+ assigned to the previous PE spectra should be reconsidered. The comparison of the intensities of these vibrational bands with the calculated Franck-Condon factors with harmonic approximation was also made.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Mo
- Department of Physics and Key Laboratory for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
|
34
|
Zhang L, Wang Z, Li J, Wang F, Liu S, Yu S, Ma X. Studies on the photodissociation and symmetry of SO2+(D̃). J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1568728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
35
|
Potts A, Trofimov A, Schirmer J, Holland D, Karlsson L. An experimental and theoretical study of the valence shell photoelectron spectra of 2-bromothiophene and 3-bromothiophene. Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0104(01)00451-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
36
|
Trofimov A, Schirmer J, Holland D, Karlsson L, Maripuu R, Siegbahn K, Potts A. An experimental and theoretical study of the valence shell photoelectron spectra of thiophene, 2-chlorothiophene and 3-chlorothiophene. Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0104(00)00334-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
37
|
Miller JS, Poliakoff ED, Miller TF, Natalense APP, Lucchese RR. Excitation of the symmetry forbidden bending mode in molecular photoionization. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1349090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
38
|
Feng R, Sakai Y, Zheng Y, Cooper G, Brion C. Orbital imaging for the valence shell of sulphur dioxide: comparison of EMS measurements with near Hartree–Fock limit and density functional theory. Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0104(00)00247-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
39
|
Dotan I, Midey AJ, Viggiano AA. Kinetics of the reactions of N2+ with CO2 and SO2 from 300–1400 K. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.481975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
40
|
Forney D, Kellogg CB, Thompson WE, Jacox ME. The vibrational spectra of molecular ions isolated in solid neon. XVI. SO2+, SO2−, and (SO2)2−. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.481777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
41
|
|
42
|
Potts A, Edvardsson D, Karlsson L, Holland D, MacDonald M, Hayes M, Maripuu R, Siegbahn K, von Niessen W. An experimental and theoretical study of the valence shell photoelectron spectrum of the chlorobenzene molecule. Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0104(00)00023-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
43
|
Holland D, Edvardsson D, Karlsson L, Maripuu R, Siegbahn K, Potts A, Niessen W. A systematic investigation of the influence of Cooper minima on the photoionisation dynamics of the monohalobenzenes. Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0104(99)00383-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
44
|
|
45
|
Feng R, Cooper G, Burton GR, Brion C, Avaldi L. Absolute photoabsorption oscillator strengths by electron energy loss methods: the valence and S 2p and 2s inner shells of sulphur dioxide in the discrete and continuum regions (3.5–260 eV). Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0104(98)00364-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
46
|
Baltzer P, Karlsson L, Wannberg B, Holland D, MacDonald M, Hayes M, Eland J. An experimental study of the valence shell photoelectron spectrum of the NO2 molecule. Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0104(98)00240-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
47
|
Holland D, MacDonald M, Hayes M, Karlsson L, Wannberg B. The influence of non-adiabatic effects on the outer valence shell photoionisation dynamics of boron trifluoride. Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0104(97)00304-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
48
|
Baltzer P, Karlsson L, Wannberg B, Öhrwall G, Holland D, MacDonald M, Hayes M, von Niessen W. An experimental and theoretical study of the valence shell photoelectron spectrum of the benzene molecule. Chem Phys 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0104(97)00244-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
49
|
An experimental and theoretical study of the valence shell photoelectron spectrum of carbon disulphide. Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0301-0104(95)00303-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
50
|
Holland D, Shaw D, Hayes M. A study of the absolute photoabsorption, photoionisation and photodissociation cross sections and the photoionisation quantum efficiency of sulphur dioxide from the ionisation threshold to 400 Å. Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0301-0104(95)00266-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|