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Bhuyan MS, Bat L, Senapathi V, Kulandaisamy P, Sekar S, Haider SMB, Meraj G, Islam MT, Kunda M, Alam MW, Rabaoui L. A review on sea cucumber (Bengali: Somuddro Sosha) as a bioindicator of heavy metal contamination and toxicity. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 199:115988. [PMID: 38181469 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
This review paper exhibits the underexplored realm of heavy metal contamination and associated risks in sea cucumbers (SCs), which hold significant importance in traditional Asian marine diets and are globally harvested for the Asian market. The assessment focuses on heavy metals (HMs) presence in various SC species, revealing a global trend in HMs concentrations across anatomical parts: Fe > Zn > As > Cu > Hg > Pb > Mn > Cr > Ni > Cd. Specific species, such as Eupentacta fraudatrix, Holothuria mammata, Holothuria polii, Holothuria tubulosa, and Holothuria atra, exhibit heightened arsenic levels, while Stichopus herrmanni raises concerns with mercury levels, notably reaching 3.75 mg/kg in some instances, posing potential risks, particularly for children. The study sheds light on anthropogenic activities such as cultivation, fishing, and shipping, releasing HMs into marine ecosystems and thereby threatening ocean and coastal environments due to the accumulation and toxicity of these elements. In response to these findings, the paper suggests SCs as promising bioindicator species for assessing metal pollution in marine environments. It underscores the adverse effects of human actions on sediment composition and advocates for ongoing monitoring efforts both at sea and along coastlines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Simul Bhuyan
- Bangladesh Oceanographic Research Institute, Cox's Bazar-4730, Bangladesh; Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh.
| | - Levent Bat
- Department of Hydrobiology, Fisheries Faculty, University of Sinop, Turkey
| | | | | | - Selvam Sekar
- Department of Geology, V.O. Chidambara College, Thoothukudi, India
| | | | - Gowhar Meraj
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan
| | - Md Tarikul Islam
- Bangladesh Oceanographic Research Institute, Cox's Bazar-4730, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Wahidul Alam
- Department of Oceanography, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Fisheries, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Lotfi Rabaoui
- Center for Environment & Marine Studies, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Rodríguez E, Weber JM, Darveau CA. Diversity in membrane composition is associated with variation in thermoregulatory capacity in hymenopterans. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 224:115-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Effects of Acute and Chronic Heavy Metal (Cu, Cd, and Zn) Exposure on Sea Cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicus). BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:4532697. [PMID: 27382568 PMCID: PMC4921195 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4532697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Acute and chronic toxicity tests were conducted with sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) exposed to heavy metals. Acute toxicity values (96 h LC50) were 2.697, 0.133, and 1.574 mg L−1 for Zn, Cu, and Cd, respectively, and were ranked in order of toxicity: Cu > Cd > Zn. Under chronic metal exposure the specific growth rates of sea cucumbers decreased with the increase of metal concentration for all the three metals. After acute metal exposure, the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) decreased. The OCRs in all groups were significantly different than control (P < 0.05) except in the group treated with 1.00 mg L−1 Zn (P < 0.05), where the increase of OCR was observed. The OCRs in groups chronically exposed to metals were significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The activity of both pyruvate kinase (PK) and hexokinase (HK) in sea cucumbers followed: respiratory tree > muscle > intestine in natural sea water. After chronic Zn, Cu, and Cd exposure, the change pattern of HK and PK in respiratory tree, muscle, and intestine varied slightly. However, the activity of the enzyme showed a general trend of increase and then decrease and the higher the exposure concentration was, the earlier the highest point of enzyme activity was obtained.
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Rodríguez E, Weber JM, Pagé B, Roubik DW, Suarez RK, Darveau CA. Setting the pace of life: membrane composition of flight muscle varies with metabolic rate of hovering orchid bees. Proc Biol Sci 2016; 282:rspb.2014.2232. [PMID: 25652831 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2014.2232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Patterns of metabolic rate variation have been documented extensively in animals, but their functional basis remains elusive. The membrane pacemaker hypothesis proposes that the relative abundance of polyunsaturated fatty acids in membrane phospholipids sets the metabolic rate of organisms. Using species of tropical orchid bees spanning a 16-fold range in body size, we show that the flight muscles of smaller bees have more linoleate (%18 : 3) and stearate (%18 : 0), but less oleate (%18 : 1). More importantly, flight metabolic rate (FlightMR) varies with the relative abundance of 18 : 3 according to the predictions of the membrane pacemaker hypothesis. Although this relationship was found across large differences in metabolic rate, a direct association could not be detected when taking phylogeny and body mass into account. Higher FlightMR, however, was related to lower %16 : 0, independent of phylogeny and body mass. Therefore, this study shows that flight muscle membrane composition plays a significant role in explaining diversity in FlightMR, but that body mass and phylogeny are other factors contributing to their variation. Multiple factors are at play to modulate metabolic capacity, and changing membrane composition can have gradual and stepwise effects to achieve a new range of metabolic rates. Orchid bees illustrate the correlated evolution between membrane composition and metabolic rate, supporting the functional link proposed in the membrane pacemaker hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Rodríguez
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Jean-Michel Weber
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Benoît Pagé
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - David W Roubik
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Republic of Panama
| | - Raul K Suarez
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9610, USA
| | - Charles-A Darveau
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
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Wang C, Luo F, Zhou Y, Du X, Shi J, Zhao X, Xu Y, Zhu Y, Hong W, Zhang J. The therapeutic effects of docosahexaenoic acid on oestrogen/androgen-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats. Exp Cell Res 2015; 345:125-33. [PMID: 25849092 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the major disorders of the urinary system in elderly men. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is the main component of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and has nerve protective, anti-inflammatory and tumour-growth inhibitory effects. Here, the therapeutic potential of DHA in treating BPH was investigated. Seal oil effectively prevented the development of prostatic hyperplasia induced by oestradiol/testosterone in a rat model by suppressing the increase of the prostatic index (PI), reducing the thickness of the peri-glandular smooth muscle layer, inhibiting the proliferation of both prostate epithelial and stromal cells, and downregulating the expression of androgen receptor (AR) and oestrogen receptor α (ERα). An in vitro study showed that DHA inhibited the growth of the human prostate stromal cell line WPMY-1 and the epithelial cell line RWPE-1 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In both cell lines, the DHA arrested the cell cycle in the G2/M phase. In addition, DHA also reduced the expression of ERα and AR in the WPMY-1 and RWPE-1 cells. These results indicate that DHA inhibits the multiplication of prostate stromal and epithelial cells through a mechanism that may involve cell cycle arrest and the downregulation of ERα and AR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Bioactive Materials Key Lab of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Fei Luo
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Bioactive Materials Key Lab of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoling Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Bioactive Materials Key Lab of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jiandang Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Bioactive Materials Key Lab of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Bioactive Materials Key Lab of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Wei Hong
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Ju Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Bioactive Materials Key Lab of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Saïdi SA, Abdelkafi S, Jbahi S, van Pelt J, El-Feki A. Temporal changes in hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities after ischemia and reperfusion in a rat liver ischemia model. Hum Exp Toxicol 2014; 34:249-59. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327114531991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the hypothesis that administration of tilapia fish oil diet would attenuate warm liver ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) and whether fish oil modulates prooxidant/antioxidant status. Male Wistar rats were subjected to 30 min of approximately 70% hepatic ischemia followed by 1, 12, and 24 h reperfusion. Rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operated group (SO), control–warm hepatic ischemia (WI) group, and Oil–WI group given tilapia oil for 3 weeks followed by liver IRI. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were measured in the plasma. Levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and antioxidant enzymes as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were measured in liver fractions. In the sham group, there was no enzymatic or histological change. I/R caused significant increase in serum AST, ALT, and tissue TBARS levels. As compared to the control group, animals treated with tilapia oil experienced a significant decrease ( p < 0.05) in AST and ALT levels in reperfusion periods. Tissue TBARS levels in Oil–WI group were significantly ( p < 0.05) reduced as compared to control group at 60 min after reperfusion. After ischemia, 1, 12, and 24 h of reperfusion, CAT, SOD, and GPx values were the lowest in the Oil–WI group and highest in the control group and were statistically significant ( p < 0.05). Histological analysis also revealed that fish oil provided some protection compared with the control group. Tilapia oil exerts a protective effect during the early phase of reperfusion, and it modulates prooxidant/antioxidant status of rat liver subjected to warm IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- SA Saïdi
- Liver Research Facility/Labo Hepatology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - S Abdelkafi
- Département de Génie Biologique, Université de Sfax, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - S Jbahi
- Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - J van Pelt
- Liver Research Facility/Labo Hepatology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A El-Feki
- Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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Nagahuedi S, Popesku JT, Trudeau VL, Weber JM. Mimicking the natural doping of migrant sandpipers in sedentary quails:effects of dietary n-3 fatty acids on muscle membranes and PPAR expression. J Exp Biol 2009; 212:1106-14. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.027888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Wild semipalmated sandpipers (Calidris pusilla) eat n-3 fatty acids to prime their muscles for long migrations. Sedentary bobwhite quails(Colinus virginianus) were used as a model to investigate the mechanisms for this natural doping. Our goal was to characterize the stimulating effects of n-3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and n-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on oxidative capacity. Mechanisms linked to changes in membrane composition and in gene expression for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) were investigated. Dietary n-3 fatty acids stimulated the activities of oxidative enzymes by 58–90% (citrate synthase, cytochrome oxidase, carnitine palmitoyl transferase and hydroxyacyl dehydrogenase), and sedentary quails showed the same changes in membrane composition as sandpipers preparing for migration. EPA and DHA have the same doping effect. The substitution of n-6 arachidonic acid by n-3 EPA in membrane phospholipids plays an important role in mediating the metabolic effects of the diet, but results provide no significant support for the involvement of PPARs (as determined by changes in gene expression). The fatty acid composition of mitochondrial membranes and sarcoplasmic reticulum can be monitored by measuring total muscle phospholipids because all phospholipids are equally affected by diet. Only extreme regimes of endurance training can lead to increments in oxidative capacity matching those induced here by diet. As they prepare for long migrations, semipalmated sandpipers improve their physical fitness by eating! Choosing n-3 fatty acid doping over endurance training strikes us as a better strategy to boost aerobic capacity when rapid storage of energy is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simba Nagahuedi
- Biology Department, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jason T. Popesku
- Biology Department, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vance L. Trudeau
- Biology Department, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Wang X, Lv H, Zhang G, Sun W, Zhou D, Jiao G, Yu Y. Development and validation of a ultra performance LC-ESI/MS method for analysis of metabolic phenotypes of healthy men in day and night urine samples. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:2994-3001. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Li H, Ni Y, Su M, Qiu Y, Zhou M, Qiu M, Zhao A, Zhao L, Jia W. Pharmacometabonomic Phenotyping Reveals Different Responses to Xenobiotic Intervention in Rats. J Proteome Res 2007; 6:1364-70. [PMID: 17311441 DOI: 10.1021/pr060513q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In conventional pharmacological studies, intersubject differences within an animal strain are normally neglected, leading to variations in pharmacological outcomes in response to the same stimulus. Using two classical experimental models, the Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic model of Wistar rats and the high-energy, diet-induced obesity model of Sprague-Dawley rats, we demonstrate that the different outcomes of STZ or diet intervention are closely associated with variation in predose (baseline) urinary metabolic profiles of the rats. The pharmacometabonomic analysis of predose metabolic profiles indicates that the intersubject difference is, to a great extent, associated with gut-microbiota, which predisposes different pathophysiological outcomes upon diet alteration or chemical stimulus. We hypothesize that there may exist an important association between observations from these two models and the obese/diabetic human population in that subtle variations in metabolic phenotype may predetermine different systems' responses to xenobiotic perturbation, ultimately leading to varied pathophysiological processes. Results from two independent models also suggest that the pharmacometabonomics approach is of great importance in the study of pharmacology and clinical drug evaluations, where endogenous metabolite signatures of predose individuals should be taken into consideration to minimize intersubject difference and the resulting variation in the postdose pharmacological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houkai Li
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PRC
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10
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Silva LP, Lemos APC, Curi R, Azevedo RB. Effects of fish oil treatment on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Cell Biochem Funct 2006; 24:387-96. [PMID: 15952187 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.1237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Bleomycin is an antibiotic used to treat a variety of neoplasms. A major side-effect of bleomycin therapy is the induction of an intense inflammatory response that develops into pulmonary fibrosis. Several studies have shown that certain polyunsaturated fatty acids found in fish oil reduce the inflammatory response in vivo. Fish oil has been employed for the treatment of several pathologies such as glomerulonephritis, cardiovascular diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, and even as an adjuvant in cancer therapy. This study examined the effects of fish oil treatment on the development of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Mice were intraperitoneally treated with bleomycin or with saline daily for 10 days, and 15 days after the last injection they started to receive fish oil by gavage for 14 days. The lungs were processed for light microscopy, biochemical and immunohistochemical investigations. Fish oil did not prevent the development of pulmonary fibrosis after the injury as shown by light microscopy, cytokines immunohistochemical analysis, TBARS content and protein levels in the lung. In addition however, fish oil itself induced a slight inflammatory process in the lung, as observed by the increase in cellularity, vasodilatation in the lung parenchyma, TBARS content, and a slight increase in the lung protein content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Paulino Silva
- Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
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Miguelez M, Anisman H, Weber JM, Merali Z. Effects of acute or chronic omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid treatment on behavioral, neuroendocrine and cytokine changes elicited by exogenous interleukin-1beta challenge. J Neuroimmunol 2006; 181:19-28. [PMID: 16934876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2006.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2006] [Revised: 07/11/2006] [Accepted: 07/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Chronic omega-3 or omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3; n-6 respectively) treatment attenuated human interleukin-1beta (hIL-1beta; 5.0 microg/kg)-elicited rise of circulating ACTH levels and attenuated the sickness behavior and locomotor suppression elicited by the cytokine. Furthermore, hIL-1beta markedly elevated circulating levels of plasma IL-6, an effect attenuated by n-3, but not n-6 treatment. Such protective effects were not evident upon short-term (3 day) n-3 exposure. These results demonstrate that long-term administration of either n-3 or n-6 confers protection against several neuroendocrinological, immunological and behavioral actions of hIL-1beta challenge, although in general the effects of n-3 were more pronounced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maïa Miguelez
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Carleton, Neuroscience Building, Rm 333, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1S 5B6
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Yilmaz HR, Songur A, Ozyurt B, Zararsiz I, Sarsilmaz M. The effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids by gavage on some metabolic enzymes of rat liver. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2004; 71:131-5. [PMID: 15207530 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2004.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2003] [Accepted: 03/01/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this experimental study, the effect of fish n-3 fatty acids was studied on the some important enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism, hexokinase (HK), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) in rat liver. Wistar albino rats of experimental group (n= 9) were supplemented fish omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) as 0.4 g/kg bw. by gavage for 30 days in addition to their normal diet. Isotonic solution was given to the control group (n= 8) by the same way. At 30th day, the rats were killed by decapitation under ether anesthesia, autopsied and liver was removed. Spectrophotometric methods were used to determine the activities of above-mentioned enzymes in the liver. The n-3 PUFA caused increases in the activities of HK, G6PD, LDH, and MDH in comparison with control. These increases were statistically significant (P < 0.01) except 6PGD activity. As a result, n-3 PUFA may regulate the metabolic function of liver effectively by increasing HK, G6PD, 6PGD, LDH, and MDH enzyme activities of rat liver when added in enough amounts to the regular diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ramazan Yilmaz
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
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Miyasaka CK, Mendonça JR, Silva ZL, de Sousa JA, Tavares de Lima W, Curi R. Modulation of hypersensitivity reaction by lipids given orally. GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY 1999; 32:597-602. [PMID: 10382863 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-3623(98)00261-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The effect of lipids administration by gavage (0.4% body weight) given daily during four weeks on the hypersensitivity reaction in trachea, upper and lower bronchi, liver, kidney, mesentery, and pancreas was investigated in male rats. The plasma exudation was assessed by using Evans blue (EB) dye extravasation method. There was a significant difference in the permeability of the organs in nonimmunized rats. The immunization increased the vascular permeability and the response with the organs varied greatly. The effect of lipids on anaphylactic reaction was compared to those of untreated rats (control group). The EB extravasation was significantly increased in the trachea obtained from rats treated with cocoa butter and soybean oil. In the upper bronchi of rats treated with soybean oil, the EB extravasation was increased. However, in the lower bronchi, none of the treatments with lipids changed the extravasation of EB. The same was observed in the liver and kidney. The animals treated with lipids by gavage did not present differences in EB extravasation in the mesentery. However, in the pancreas and duodenum, the treatment with fish and soybean oils and cocoa butter markedly lowered EB extravasation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Miyasaka
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Miyasaka CK, Souza JA, de Melo MP, Curi TC, Lajolo FM, Curi R. Fish oil given by gavage increases lymphocyte proliferation and production of hydrogen peroxide by rat macrophages. GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY 1998; 31:37-41. [PMID: 9595275 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-3623(97)00425-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
1. The effect of fish oil (FO) administration by gavage (0.4% body weight) on macrophage and lymphocyte function was investigated in young male rats. The results were compared with those obtained by administration of soybean oil (SB) and cocoa butter (CB). 2. Lymphocyte proliferation was markedly increased by FO administration compared with control and other oils. 3. Macrophage phagocytosis capacity was not affected by FO, but it was increased by CB and SB. 4. The oils did not affect the production of O2.- but increased the production of H2O2 in the presence of PMA. 5. The administration of the oils did not markedly affect the activity of antioxidant enzymes in macrophages, except for a decrease in superoxide dismutase activity by FO.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Miyasaka
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil
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15
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Miyasaka CK, de Souza JA, Torres RP, Filho JM, Lajolo FM, Curi R. Effect of the administration of fish oil by gavage on activities of antioxidant enzymes of rat lymphoid organs. GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY 1998; 30:759-62. [PMID: 9559331 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-3623(97)00334-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
1. The effect of administration of fish oil by gavage on catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities of the lymphoid organs and liver was compared with those of soybean oil and cocoa butter. 2. Fish oil did not affect the activities of SOD and CAT but reduced that of GSH-Px in the spleen. In contrast, cocoa butter reduced the CAT activity in the thymus and liver, and soybean oil decreased CAT activity in the thymus. 3. The content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances of the lymphoid organs was not modified but was increased in plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Miyasaka
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil
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De Souza JA, De Oliveria HR, Miyasaka CK, Gacek F, Torres RP, Mancini Filho J, Curi R. Changes in the activities of antioxidant enzymes of the lymphoid organs of 21-day pregnant rats due to administration of fish oil by gavage. GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY 1997; 29:551-5. [PMID: 9352301 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-3623(96)00576-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
1. The effect of fish oil administration by gavage (0.4% body weight) on activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and on content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) of the lymphoid organs [thymus, spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN)] and liver was investigated in 21-day pregnant rats. The results were compared with those obtained by administration of soybean oil, cocoa butter and coconut oil. 2. Oil administration did not have any significant effect on antioxidant enzyme activities of the liver, whereas marked changes were found in the lymphoid organs. The MLN presented the most pronounced changes: SOD and catalase activities were increased by the four oils; GSH-Px activity was raised by soybean and fish oils; coconut oil reduced the activity of the three antioxidant enzymes in this organ. 3. Fish oil given by gavage does affect the antioxidant capacity of the lymphoid organs; however, similar effect was also observed for cocoa butter and soybean oil. These changes in the antioxidant enzyme activities were able to prevent the lipid peroxidation process in the lymphoid organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A De Souza
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of São Paulo, Brazil
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