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Yan M, Li L, Huang Y, Tang X, Shu Y, Cui D, Yu C, Hu Y, Ma J, Xiao S, Guo Y. Investigation on muscle fiber types and meat quality and estimation of their heritability and correlation coefficients with each other in four pig populations. Anim Sci J 2024; 95:e13915. [PMID: 38303133 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the muscle fiber types and meat quality in four populations and estimate the heritability and correlation coefficients of those traits in Shanxia long black pig (SX). In this study, a total of 318 pigs were recorded for 16 traits of the muscle fiber types and meat quality in four populations, including 256 individuals from the new breed SX. The population had a significant effect on all recorded traits, and the meat quality of the Lulai black pig was better than the remaining populations. The heritability (h2 ) of meat quality traits was from 0.06 (pH at 24 h) to 0.47 (shearing force), and the muscle fiber types belonged to the traits with low to medium heritability. The density of total fiber had the highest h2 (0.40), while the percentage of type IIA had the lowest h2 (0.04). Most traits are phenotypically correlated with each other, but only a small proportion of traits are genetically correlated with each other. None fiber type genetically correlated with meat quality significantly, because the genetic correlation coefficients had large standard errors. These results provided some insights into genetic improvements for the meat quality in pig breeds and also indicated that the parameters of muscle fiber characteristics can explain parts of the variation in meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yan
- National Key Laboratory for Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Longyun Li
- National Key Laboratory for Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yizhong Huang
- National Key Laboratory for Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xi Tang
- National Key Laboratory for Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yujie Shu
- National Key Laboratory for Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Dengshuai Cui
- National Key Laboratory for Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Chuangang Yu
- National Key Laboratory for Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yongqiang Hu
- National Key Laboratory for Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Junwu Ma
- National Key Laboratory for Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Shijun Xiao
- National Key Laboratory for Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yuanmei Guo
- National Key Laboratory for Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
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Guo Q, Yen CN, Scheffler TL, Richert BT, Schinckel AP, Grant AL, Gerrard DE. Ractopamine does not rescue Halothane and Rendement Napole metabolism postmortem. Meat Sci 2023; 198:109075. [PMID: 36641987 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.109075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine if ractopamine (RAC) impacts postmortem muscle metabolism and subsequent pork quality in Halothane (HAL) and Rendement Napole (RN) mutant pigs. All RAC fed pigs had increased (P < 0.04) L* values. HAL and RN mutants muscle had lower (P < 0.01) pH values but RAC feeding had no effect. RN mutants had higher and lower (P < 0.05) muscle pH and temperatures, respectfully at 15 min and RN mutant pigs had greater (P < 0.0001) glycogen initially but lactate levels similar to wild type (WT) pigs at 24 h. RAC lowered (P < 0.05) glycogen in RN mutants but not in HAL mutated or WT pig muscle. These data show RAC feeding changes postmortem energy metabolism but does not change pH and pork quality hallmark of two major pig gene mutations and supports our contention that ultimate meat quality traits and their biochemical drivers may be more complex than originally reasoned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Guo
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, IN 47907, United States of America
| | - C-N Yen
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24601, United States of America
| | - T L Scheffler
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, IN 47907, United States of America
| | - B T Richert
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, IN 47907, United States of America
| | - A P Schinckel
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, IN 47907, United States of America
| | - A L Grant
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24601, United States of America
| | - D E Gerrard
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24601, United States of America.
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Comparative Study on Muscle Fiber Types of Longissimus Dorsi of Xinjiang Brown Cattle and Angus Cattle of Different Months. J FOOD QUALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/7730914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The longissimus dorsi muscle of Xinjiang brown cattle and Angus cattle at the age of 3, 7, 12, and 24 months under the same feeding and management conditions were selected to explore the differences of muscle 4 fiber types in this study. The muscle histological and molecular biological reasons for the quality difference between Xinjiang brown cattle and Angus beef were discussed. The morphology of the muscle was compared by ATP enzyme staining and SDH enzyme staining, and its gene expression was detected by qRT-PCR. The mRNA expression levels of Myhc-I in 3-month-old Xinjiang brown cattle were significantly higher than those in Angus cattle of the same age (
). The 4 fiber types of 7-month-old Xinjiang brown cattle were significantly lower than those of Angus cattle of the same age (
). The expression level of type I and IIb in 12-month-old Xinjiang brown cattle was significantly higher than that in 12-month-old Angus cattle (
). Type I and IIa of 24-month-old Xinjiang brown cattle were significantly lower than those of Angus cattle of the same age (
). However, in our study, the basic characteristics of longissimus dorsi of Xinjiang brown cattle and Angus cattle, such as color, pH, shearing force, and other characteristics were not detected, which is lacking in this aspect. Overall, with the increase of age, the growth trend of muscle fiber morphology of Xinjiang brown cattle and Angus cattle is roughly the same, but from the point of view of muscle fiber types, the Xinjiang brown cattle are more suitable for the production of early fat calves and to make some reference for improving the quality of beef cattle in China.
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The Muscle Fibre Characteristics and the Meat Quality of M. Longissimus Thoracis from Polish Native Złotnicka Spotted Pigs and the Crossbreed Fatteners from the Crossing of Duroc and Polish Large White Boars. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12063051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the investigations were to assess the meat raw material of the domestic Złotnicka Spotted swine breed as well as its hybrids with Duroc and Polish Large White breeds with respect to quality, technological usefulness, and muscle fibre composition and structure. The suitability of individual swine genetic groups (Złotnicka Spotted × Złotnicka Spotted, Złotnicka Spotted × Duroc, Złotnicka Spotted × Polish Large White, Złotnicka Spotted × Złotnicka Spotted/Duroc) for the production of heavy fatteners which can be used as slaughter raw material to manufacture raw and raw-ripening meat products was ascertained. Złotnicka Spotted pigs were characterised by a statistically significantly smaller proportion of IIB fibres and a higher share of I and IIA fibres in the longissimus thoracis muscle in comparison to the hybrids of this breed with Duroc and Polish Large White breeds. The diameter of all muscle fibre types in the longissimus thoracis muscle of the Złotnicka Spotted breed was greater than in hybrids. No statistically significant differences were found between the parameters of colour and the free drip and the water absorbability of the loin of the Złotnicka Spotted breed pigs and their hybrids with Duroc and Polish Large White breeds. The examined meat was characterised by a small free drip and good water absorbability. The hybrid pigs (Złotnicka Spotted x Duroc) were characterised by the highest content of intramuscular fat (IMF) in the longissimus thoracis muscle, which resulted in the lowest sheer force of roasted loin and the lowest thermal drip compared to other hybrids. Smoked, raw loin obtained from the longissimus thoracis muscle of the Złotnicka Spotted breed was found to be the most tender, whereas tenderness of the identical loin derived from the longissimus thoracis muscle of the Złotnicka Spotted bred hybrids with the Duroc and Polish Large White breeds was poorer. Due to the small headage of the Złotnicka Spotted breed, the appropriate numbers of fatteners of good meat quality parameters suitable to manufacture raw, ripening meat products can only be secured by the crossing of this breed with other meat breeds. Therefore, it appears that crossing the Złotnicka Spotted pigs with Duroc pigs would be a suitable solution.
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Zhao X, Zhu R, Wang Y, Qi J, Wang J, Bai L, Wang H, Wu Y, Hu H. Differentiation proliferative capacity of skeletal muscle satellite cells from Dapulian and Landrace pigs. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2020.1769511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Rongsheng Zhu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Qi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jiying Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Liya Bai
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Huaizhong Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Hongmei Hu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
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Mehmood W, Zhang C. Correlations Between Muscle Fibers Characteristics and Meat Quality Attributes of Biceps Femoris Muscle: a Comparative Study of 2 Distinctive Broiler Breeds. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2019-1171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W Mehmood
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - C Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
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7
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Huang H, Scheffler TL, Gerrard DE, Larsen MR, Lametsch R. Quantitative Proteomics and Phosphoproteomics Analysis Revealed Different Regulatory Mechanisms of Halothane and Rendement Napole Genes in Porcine Muscle Metabolism. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:2834-2849. [PMID: 29916714 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pigs with the Halothane (HAL) or Rendement Napole (RN) gene mutations demonstrate abnormal muscle energy metabolism patterns and produce meat with poor quality, classified as pale, soft, and exudative (PSE) meat, but it is not well understood how HAL and RN mutations regulate glucose and energy metabolism in porcine muscle. To investigate the potential signaling pathways and phosphorylation events related to these mutations, muscle samples were collected from four genotypes of pigs, wild type, RN, HAL, and RN-HAL double mutations, and subjected to quantitative proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis using the TiO2 enrichment strategy. The study led to the identification of 932 proteins from the nonmodified peptide fractions and 1885 phosphoproteins with 9619 phosphorylation sites from the enriched fractions. Among them, 128 proteins at total protein level and 323 phosphosites from 91 phosphoproteins were significantly regulated in mutant genotypes. The quantitative analysis revealed that the RN mutation mainly affected the protein expression abundance in muscle. Specifically, high expression was observed for proteins related to mitochondrial respiratory chain and energy metabolism, thereby enhancing the muscle oxidative capacity. The high content of UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase 2 (UGP2) in RN mutant animals may contribute to high glycogen storage. However, the HAL mutation mainly contributes to the up-regulation of phosphorylation in proteins related to calcium signaling, muscle contraction, glycogen, glucose, and energy metabolism, and cellular stress. The increased phosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CAMK2) in HAL mutation may act as a key regulator in these processes of muscle. Our findings indicate the different regulatory mechanisms of RN and HAL mutations in relation to porcine muscle energy metabolism and meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honggang Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Southern Denmark , DK-5230 Odense M , Denmark.,Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science , University of Copenhagen , DK-1958 Frederiksberg , Denmark.,The Danish Diabetes Academy , 5000 Odense , Denmark.,Arla Foods Ingredients Group P/S , Soenderupvej 26 , 6920 Videbaek , Denmark
| | - Tracy L Scheffler
- Department of Animal Sciences , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32608 , United States
| | - David E Gerrard
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , Virginia 24061 , United States
| | - Martin R Larsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Southern Denmark , DK-5230 Odense M , Denmark
| | - René Lametsch
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science , University of Copenhagen , DK-1958 Frederiksberg , Denmark
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8
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Scheffler TL, Gerrard DE. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT SYMPOSIUM: Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and mitochondria in Rendement Napole pig growth. J Anim Sci 2017; 94:3601-3612. [PMID: 27898923 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2015-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Rendement Napole mutation (RN-), which is well known to influence pork quality, also has a profound impact on metabolic characteristics of muscle. Pigs with RN- possess a SNP in the γ3 subunit of adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK); AMPK, a key energy sensor in skeletal muscle, modulates energy producing and energy consuming pathways to maintain cellular homeostasis. Importantly, AMPK regulates not only acute response to energy stress but also facilitates long-term adaptation via changes in gene and protein expression. The RN- allele increases AMPK activity, which alters the metabolic phenotype of skeletal muscle by increasing mitochondrial content and oxidative capacity. Fibers with greater oxidative capacity typically exhibit increased protein turnover and smaller fiber size, which indicates that RN- pigs may exhibit decreased efficiency and growth potential. However, whole body and muscle growth of RN- pigs appear similar to that of wild-type pigs and despite increased oxidative capacity, fibers maintain the capacity for hypertrophic growth. This indicates that compensatory mechanisms may allow RN- pigs to achieve rates of muscle growth similar to those of wild-type pigs. Intriguingly, lipid oxidation and mitochondria function are enhanced in RN- pig muscle. Thus far, characteristics of RN- muscle are largely based on animals near market weight. To better understand interaction between energy signaling and protein accretion in muscle, further work is needed to define age-dependent relationships between AMPK signaling, metabolism, and muscle growth.
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9
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Pereira V, López-Alonso M, Miranda M, Benedito JL, García-Vaquero M. Relationship between the essential and toxic element concentrations and the proximate composition of different commercial and internal cuts of young beef. Eur Food Res Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-017-2888-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Skewes O, Cádiz P, Merino V, Islas A, Morales R. Muscle fibre characteristics, enzyme activity and meat colour of wild boar (Sus scrofa s. L.) muscle with 2n=36 compared to those of phenotypically similar crossbreeds (2n=37 and 2n=38). Meat Sci 2014; 98:272-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Scheffler TL, Scheffler JM, Park S, Kasten SC, Wu Y, McMillan RP, Hulver MW, Frisard MI, Gerrard DE. Fiber hypertrophy and increased oxidative capacity can occur simultaneously in pig glycolytic skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2013; 306:C354-63. [PMID: 24304835 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00002.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An inverse relationship between skeletal muscle fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) and oxidative capacity suggests that muscle fibers hypertrophy at the expense of oxidative capacity. Therefore, our objective was to utilize pigs possessing mutations associated with increased oxidative capacity [AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPKγ3(R200Q))] or fiber hypertrophy [ryanodine receptor 1 (RyR1(R615C))] to determine if these events occur in parallel. Longissimus muscle was collected from wild-type (control), AMPKγ3(R200Q), RyR1(R615C), and AMPKγ3(R200Q)-RyR1(R615C) pigs. Regardless of AMPK genotype, RyR(R615C) increased fiber CSA by 35%. In contrast, AMPKγ3(R200Q) pig muscle exhibited greater citrate synthase and β-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase activity. Isolated mitochondria from AMPKγ3(R200Q) muscle had greater maximal, ADP-stimulated oxygen consumption rate. Additionally, AMPKγ3(R200Q) muscle contained more (∼50%) of the mitochondrial proteins succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase and more mitochondrial DNA. Surprisingly, RyR1(R615C) increased mitochondrial proteins and DNA, but this was not associated with improved oxidative capacity, suggesting that altered energy metabolism in RyR1(R615C) muscle influences mitochondrial proliferation and protein turnover. Thus pigs that possess both AMPKγ3(R200Q) and RyR(R615C) exhibit increased muscle fiber CSA as well as greater oxidative capacity. Together, our findings support the notion that hypertrophy and enhanced oxidative capacity can occur simultaneously in skeletal muscle and suggest that the signaling mechanisms controlling these events are independently regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Scheffler
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia; and
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12
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Realini CE, Vénien A, Gou P, Gatellier P, Pérez-Juan M, Danon J, Astruc T. Characterization of Longissimus thoracis, Semitendinosus and Masseter muscles and relationships with technological quality in pigs. 1. Microscopic analysis of muscles. Meat Sci 2013; 94:408-16. [PMID: 23566687 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Three porcine muscles (Longissimus thoracis, Semitendinosus, Masseter), known to have large differences in biochemical and histological traits, were fully characterized and the link between muscle structure and quality evaluated. The oxidative Masseter had more pigment, higher content of metmyoglobin, haem iron, protein and collagen, and was redder with higher fibre numbers, fibre circularity, pH and water holding capacity than the glycolytic Longissimus. Fibre type distribution showed predominance of type IIB in Longissimus and Semitendinosus white, type I in Semitendinosus red and IIA in Masseter. Type I fibres were larger than type IIB and IIA in Semitendinosus and Masseter, respectively, but not in the Longissimus, indicating that fibre size is muscle dependent. Muscle redness was positively correlated with type I fibre traits, haem iron and metmyoglobin, and negatively associated with type II fibre characteristics, non-haem iron and oxymyoglobin. Expressible juice had positive correlation with fibre size and negative with fibre number and connective tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Realini
- IRTA, Monells, Finca Camps i Armet, E-17121 Monells, Girona, Spain.
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Kim GD, Jeong JY, Jung EY, Yang HS, Lim HT, Joo ST. The influence of fiber size distribution of type IIB on carcass traits and meat quality in pigs. Meat Sci 2013; 94:267-73. [PMID: 23523735 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Revised: 09/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The effects of detailed characteristics such as the size and proportion of type IIB fibers in longissimus thoracis muscle on carcass traits and pork quality were investigated. A total of 96 pigs were classified into four groups by the proportion of different IIB fiber sizes. Group NS (high proportion of both small- and normal-sized IIB fibers) had a higher total number (136.4) and density (231.31) of type IIB fibers, backfat thickness (37.20 mm) and intramuscular fat content (4.77%) than the other groups (P<0.05), whereas Group NS had the lowest values of cross-sectional area (3413.85 μm2) and diameter (60.15 μm) of type IIB fiber among the groups (P<0.05). Pig muscles with higher percentage of large IIB fibers exhibit tougher, lighter and more exudative meat than pig muscles with a higher proportion of small- or normal-sized IIB fibers. Therefore, an increase in the proportion of large IIB fibers causes poor quality of pork.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gap-Don Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-701, Republic of Korea
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14
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Karlsson A, Essen-Gustavsson B, Lundström K. Muscle glycogen depletion pattern in halothane-gene-free pigs at slaughter and its relation to meat quality. Meat Sci 2012; 38:91-101. [PMID: 22059611 DOI: 10.1016/0309-1740(94)90098-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/1993] [Revised: 05/10/1993] [Accepted: 05/17/1993] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Muscle fibre type composition and glycogen depletion pattern at slaughter as related to meat quality, were studied in M. longissimus dorsi of halothane-gene-free Swedish Yorkshire pigs fed a high (n=19; 10 entire males and 9 gilts) or a low (n=18; 10 entire males and 8 gilts) protein diet. The muscle consisted of, on average, 8% type I, 9% type IIA and 83% type IIB fibres. Muscle fibre areas were significantly smaller in entire male pigs than in gilts irrespective of fibre type. There were no marked differences in muscle characteristics between pigs fed the low and high protein diets. Low glycogen concentrations were found in most type I and type IIA muscle fibres, while a greater variation in glycogen content was evident in type IIB fibres. The pigs were divided into two groups according to the proportion of glycogen depleted IIB fibres (more or less than 30% depleted IIB fibres). In the group where 30% or more of the type IIB fibres were glycogen depleted, a tendency toward DFD meat (dry, firm, dark) was seen, as the meat had higher ultimate pH (5·62 vs 5·52; p=0·02), lower drip loss (2·7% vs 4·4%; p=0·007) and lower reflectance value (darker meat; 16·5 vs 20·6 EEL units; p=0·0005), compared with the group with less than 30% depleted IIB fibres. No difference in total glycogen content was found between these two groups. This indicates that the distribution of glycogen in different fibre types seems to be of importance for the ultimate meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Karlsson
- Department of Food Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, S-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
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15
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Wang XQ, Yang WJ, Yang Z, Shu G, Wang SB, Jiang QY, Yuan L, Wu TS. The differential proliferative ability of satellite cells in Lantang and Landrace pigs. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32537. [PMID: 22427853 PMCID: PMC3302802 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2011] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, for the first time, we evaluate the hypothesis that the proliferative abilities of satellite cells (SCs) isolated from Lantang (indigenous Chinese pigs) and Landrace pigs, which differ in muscle characteristics, are different. SCs were isolated from the longissimus dorsi muscle of neonatal Lantang and Landrace pigs. Proliferative ability was estimated by the count and proliferative activity of viable cells using a hemocytometer and MTT assay at different time points after seeding, respectively. Cell cycle information was detected by flow cytometry. Results showed that there was a greater (P<0.05) number of SCs in Lantang pigs compared with Landrace pigs after 72 h of culture. The percentage of cell population in S phase and G2/M phases in Lantang pigs were higher (P<0.05), while in G0/G1 phase was lower (P<0.05) in comparison with the Landrace pigs. The mRNA abundances of MyoD, Myf5, myogenin and Pax7 in SCs from Lantang pigs were higher (P<0.05), while those of myostatin, Smad3 and genes in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway (with the exception of 4EBP1) were lower (P<0.05) than the Landrace pigs. Protein levels of MyoD, myogenin, myostatin, S6K, phosphorylated mTOR and phosphorylated eIF4E were consistent with the corresponding mRNA abundance. Collectively, these findings suggested that SCs in the two breeds present different proliferative abilities, and the proliferative potential of SCs in Lantang pigs is higher than in Landrace pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-qi Wang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
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16
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Kayan A, Cinar MU, Uddin MJ, Phatsara C, Wimmers K, Ponsuksili S, Tesfaye D, Looft C, Juengst H, Tholen E, Schellander K. Polymorphism and expression of the porcine Tenascin C gene associated with meat and carcass quality. Meat Sci 2011; 89:76-83. [PMID: 21530096 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2011.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Revised: 03/30/2011] [Accepted: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The research aimed to screen for polymorphism, expression of Tenascin C (TNC) and association with meat and carcass quality traits. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected. In a Duroc×Pietrain F2 cross (DuPi) population, g.44488C>T was associated with meat color and ham weight; g.68794A>G was associated with pH at 24h post mortem in ham (pH24(H)) and muscle area but g.68841C>T was not statistically associated. Genotyping in a commercial Pietrain (Pi) population showed that g.44488C>T was associated with pH24(H), whereas g.68794A>G was associated with conductivity at 45 min post mortem in loin and backfat thickness. Diplotypes showed significant effects on pH24(H) in both populations. The expression was associated with pH at 45 min post mortem in loin and cooking loss. TNC was significantly higher in animals with higher muscle pH. Linkage analysis revealed four trans-regulated eQTL on four autosomes. These results suggest that TNC could be a potential candidate gene for meat quality traits in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kayan
- Institute of Animal Science, Animal Breeding and Husbandry Group, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
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17
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Moderate indoor exercise: effect on production and carcass traits, muscle enzyme activities and meat quality in pigs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1017/s0003356100006693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe effects of moderate indoor exercise (running/walking up to 735 m, 5 days/week) on performance, muscle enzyme activities, carcass traits and technological meat quality were studied in 20 crossbred slaughter pigs during the fattening period. Non-exercised pigs were kept only in their pens and consisted of littermates (no. = 20). Blood samples for lactate analysis and muscle samples from m. longissimus dorsi (LD) and m. biceps femoris (BF) for analyses of the activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), citrate synthase (CS), 3-OH-acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and hexokinase were collected at exsanguination. The initial pH was measured approximately 1 min after exsanguination in LD and BF. The carcasses were partially cut and then the back and ham were dissected into individual muscles. Carcass length and presence of osteochondrosis were recorded. Technological meat quality parameters measured were: surface reflectance, water-holding capacity, intramuscular fat (IMF), crude protein, dry matter, ash content, shear force, ultimate pH, pigment content and extractability of muscle proteins.In comparison with the non-exercised pigs, the exercised pigs had slightly shorter carcasses, paler meat and higher drip loss values in LD and, in BF, a lower proportion of IMF and dry matter and higher pigment content. The CS and LDH activities differed between LD and BF muscles, as also did many of the technological meat quality traits.
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18
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KANG GEUNHO, PARK GUBOO, JOO SEONTEA, LEE MOOHA, LEE SUNGKI. EFFECTS OF MUSCLE FIBER TYPES ON GEL PROPERTY OF SURIMI-LIKE MATERIALS FROM CHICKEN, PORK AND BEEF. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4573.2009.00205.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Werner C, Natter R, Schellander K, Wicke M. Mitochondrial respiratory activity in porcine longissimus muscle fibers of different pig genetics in relation to their meat quality. Meat Sci 2010; 85:127-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2009] [Revised: 12/04/2009] [Accepted: 12/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Picard B, Berri C, Lefaucheur L, Molette C, Sayd T, Terlouw C. Skeletal muscle proteomics in livestock production. Brief Funct Genomics 2010; 9:259-78. [PMID: 20308039 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elq005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteomics allows studying large numbers of proteins, including their post-translational modifications. Proteomics has been, and still are, used in numerous studies on skeletal muscle. In this article, we focus on its use in the study of livestock muscle development and meat quality. Changes in protein profiles during myogenesis are described in cattle, pigs and fowl using comparative analyses across different ontogenetic stages. This approach allows a better understanding of the key stages of myogenesis and helps identifying processes that are similar or divergent between species. Genetic variability of muscle properties analysed by the study of hypertrophied cattle and sheep are discussed. Biological markers of meat quality, particularly tenderness in cattle, pigs and fowl are presented, including protein modifications during meat ageing in cattle, protein markers of PSE meat in turkeys and of post-mortem muscle metabolism in pigs. Finally, we discuss the interest of proteomics as a tool to understand better biochemical mechanisms underlying the effects of stress during the pre-slaughter period on meat quality traits. In conclusion, the study of proteomics in skeletal muscles allows generating large amounts of scientific knowledge that helps to improve our understanding of myogenesis and muscle growth and to control better meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Picard
- INRA, UR 1213, Herbivores, Theix, F-63122 St-Genès Champanelle, France.
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21
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Lefaucheur L. A second look into fibre typing – Relation to meat quality. Meat Sci 2010; 84:257-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2009] [Revised: 04/16/2009] [Accepted: 05/03/2009] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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22
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Laville E, Sayd T, Terlouw C, Blinet S, Pinguet J, Fillaut M, Glénisson J, Chérel P. Differences in pig muscle proteome according to HAL genotype: implications for meat quality defects. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:4913-4923. [PMID: 19449875 DOI: 10.1021/jf900286x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Bidimensional electrophoresis was used to compare sarcoplasmic protein profiles of early post-mortem pig semimembranosus muscles, sampled from pigs of different HAL genotypes (RYR1 mutation 1841T/C): 6 NN, 6 Nn, 6 nn. ANOVA showed that 55 (18%) of the total of 300 matched protein spots were influenced by genotype, and hierarchical clustering analysis identified 31 (10% of the matched proteins) additional proteins coregulated with these proteins. Fold-changes of differentially expressed proteins were between 1.3 and 21.8. Peptide mass fingerprinting identification of 78 of these 86 proteins indicates that faster pH decline of nn pigs was not explained by higher abundance of glycolytic enzymes. Results indicate further that nn muscles contained fewer proteins of the oxidative metabolic pathway, fewer antioxidants, and more protein fragments. Lower abundance of small heat shock proteins and myofibrillar proteins in nn muscles may at least partly be explained by the effect of pH on their extractability. Possible consequences of lower levels of antioxidants and repair capacities, increased protein fragmentation, and lower extractability of certain proteins in nn muscles on meat quality are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Laville
- INRA, UR370, Qualité des Produits Animaux, Theix, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France.
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23
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Gil M, Delday MI, Gispert M, I Furnols MF, Maltin CM, Plastow GS, Klont R, Sosnicki AA, Carrión D. Relationships between biochemical characteristics and meat quality of Longissimus thoracis and Semimembranosus muscles in five porcine lines. Meat Sci 2008; 80:927-33. [PMID: 22063619 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2007] [Accepted: 04/14/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Five porcine genetic lines which represent a high proportion of European pig production were fully characterized for meat quality parameters and muscle biochemical characteristics (Longissimus thoracis, LT, and Semimembranosus, SM). The line characterisation was based on 100 animals each representing Large White, Landrace, Duroc, Piétrain (Halothane negative) and Meishan (a Meishan/Large White crossbred line) prevalent genetic backgrounds. Different meat quality parameters (pH 45min, pH ultimate, electrical conductivity, and colour measurements), as well as muscle water holding capacity, muscle metabolic and contractile traits, fibre type, size and frequencies were measured and their relationships studied. The main differences in the LT were found between the Meishan and Piétrain genetic lines, in relation to the muscle fibre size (larger in Piétrain). The Duroc line was characterized by the muscle oxidative traits and the Landrace by the high percentage of fast glycolytic fibres. In SM, Duroc and Piétrain were distinguished from Landrace and Meishan according to the metabolic and contractile characteristics of this muscle. Large White tended to lie between the other breeds for many of the traits. The measured muscle characteristics were related to differences in drip loss and marbling values and could thereby influence the eating quality of pork. Overall the results show differences between the genetic lines for a number of muscle traits which could have impact on consumer appeal and eating quality. The present findings should serve to emphasise the importance of including eating quality as a trait in breed selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gil
- IRTA, Finca Camps i Armet, 17121 Monells, Spain
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24
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Yu SL, Chung HJ, Sang BC, Park CS, Lee JH, Yoon DH, Lee SH, Choi KD. Identification of differentially expressed genes in distinct skeletal muscles in cattle using cDNA microarray. Anim Biotechnol 2008; 18:275-85. [PMID: 17934901 DOI: 10.1080/10495390701413391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The 788-gene microarray was manufactured using selected elements from three different cDNA libraries in order to identify molecular processes that determine phenotypic characteristics between loin (M. longissimus thoracis) and round (M. semimembranosus) muscles. Microarray analyses identified 24 differentially expressed genes between the two muscles investigated. Five of the genes were verified by quantitative RT-PCR and three of them were mapped on bovine chromosomes using 5,000 rad bovine radiation hybrid (RH) panel. The map locations indicated that they were mapped in the same chromosomal regions where IMF and growth QTLs were located, suggesting that they are most possible positional candidate genes for the traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Yu
- Division of Animal Science and Resources, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
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25
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Mechanisms controlling pork quality development: The biochemistry controlling postmortem energy metabolism. Meat Sci 2007; 77:7-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2007] [Revised: 04/02/2007] [Accepted: 04/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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26
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Influence of myosin heavy- and light chain isoforms on early postmortem glycolytic rate and pork quality. Meat Sci 2007; 76:281-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2006] [Revised: 11/10/2006] [Accepted: 11/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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27
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Preslaughter handling effects on pork quality and glycolytic potential in two muscles differing in fiber type composition. J Anim Sci 2007; 83:900-7. [PMID: 15753346 DOI: 10.2527/2005.834900x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present experiment was to investigate the effects of transportation, lairage, and preslaughter stressor treatment on glycolytic potential and pork quality of the glycolytic longissimus and the oxidative supraspinatus (SSP) or serratus ventralis (SV) muscles. In a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design, 384 pigs were assigned randomly either to short (50 min) and smooth or long (3 h) and rough transport, long (3 h) or short (< 45 min) lairage, and minimal or high preslaughter stress. Muscle samples were taken from the LM at 135 min and from the SSP at 160 min postmortem for determination of the glycolytic potential and rate of glycolysis. At 23 h postmortem, pork quality was assessed in the LM and the SV. Effects of transport and lairage conditions were similar in both muscle types. Long transport increased (P < 0.01) the glycolytic potential and muscle lactate concentrations compared with short transport. Both long transportation and short lairage decreased (P < 0.01) redness (a* values) and yellowness (b* values) of the LM and SV. In combination with short lairage, long transport decreased (P < 0.05) pork lightness (lower L* values), and electrical conductivity was increased (P < 0.05) after long transport. Several interactions between stress level and muscle type (P < 0.001) were observed. High preslaughter stress decreased (P < 0.001) muscle glycogen in both the LM and SSP, but this decrease was greater in the LM. Lactate concentrations were increased (P < 0.001) only in the LM by high preslaughter stress. Increases in ultimate pH (P < 0.001) and decreases in a* values (P < 0.01) were greatest in the SV, whereas increases in electrical conductivity (P < 0.001) were greatest in the LM. The lack of interactions among transportation, lairage, and muscle type was attributed to the relatively minor differences in stress among treatments. It was concluded that, in glycolytic muscle types such as the LM, the high physical and psychological stress levels associated with stress in the immediate preslaughter period have a greater effect on the water-holding capacity of the meat and may promote PSE development. Conversely, oxidative muscle types tend to have higher ultimate pH values and produce DFD pork in response to intense physical activity and/or high psychological stress levels preslaughter.
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28
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Myosin heavy chain fibre types and fibre sizes in nuliparous and primiparous ovariectomized Iberian sows: Interaction with two alternative rearing systems during the fattening period. Meat Sci 2006; 74:359-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2005] [Revised: 04/07/2006] [Accepted: 04/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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29
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CHOI Y, RYU Y, KIM B. EFFECT OF MYOSIN HEAVY CHAIN ISOFORMS ON MUSCLE FIBER CHARACTERISTICS AND MEAT QUALITY IN PORCINE LONGISSIMUS MUSCLE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4573.2006.00060.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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Augmented postmortem glycolysis does not occur early postmortem in AMPKγ3-mutated porcine muscle of halothane positive pigs. Meat Sci 2006; 73:590-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2005] [Revised: 02/28/2006] [Accepted: 02/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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31
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Gondret F, Lefaucheur L, Juin H, Louveau I, Lebret B. Low birth weight is associated with enlarged muscle fiber area and impaired meat tenderness of the longissimus muscle in pigs1,2. J Anim Sci 2006; 84:93-103. [PMID: 16361495 DOI: 10.2527/2006.84193x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the relationships between birth-weight-associated modifications in histological or chemical muscle characteristics and meat quality traits in pigs. At 68 d of age, Pietrain x (Large White x Landrace) female littermates were allocated into 2 groups on the basis of low birth weight (LW = 1.05 +/- 0.04 kg; n = 15) or high birth weight (HW = 1.89 +/- 0.02 kg; n = 15). Pigs were reared in individual pens with free access to a standard diet up to slaughter at approximately 112 kg of BW. During the growing-finishing period, LW and HW pigs had a similar daily feed consumption, whereas G:F was lower (P = 0.009) for LW pigs than for HW littermates. At final BW, LW pigs were 12 d older (P < 0.001) than HW littermates. Estimated lean meat content, relative proportions of loin and ham in the carcass, and weights of LM and semitendinosus muscle (SM) were decreased (P < 0.05) in LW pigs compared with HW pigs. Conversely, the LW pigs exhibited a fatter carcass, greater activity levels of fatty acid synthase and malic enzyme in backfat (n = 15 per group), and enlarged subcutaneous adipocytes (n = 8 per group) compared with the HW pigs. Similarly, lipid content was increased by 25% (P = 0.009), and mean adipocyte diameter was 12% greater (P = 0.008) in the SM from LW pigs compared with that from HW pigs, whereas lipid content did not vary in the LM of either group. Mean myofiber cross-sectional areas were 14% greater in the LM (P = 0.045) and the SM (P = 0.062) of LW pigs than of HW pigs. Conversely, the total number of myofibers was less (P = 0.003) in the SM of LW vs. HW pigs. There were no differences between groups for glycolytic potential at slaughter and rate and extent of postmortem pH decline in both muscles, as well as for LM drip losses. A trained sensory test panel judged the roast loin meat to be less tender (P = 0.002) in LW pigs relative to HW pigs. Scores for juiciness, flavor, flouriness, and fibrousness of meat did not differ between groups. Overall, negative but somewhat low correlation coefficients were found between LM tenderness score and ultimate pH (r = -0.36; P = 0.06) and between LM tenderness and mean cross-sectional area of myofibers (r = -0.34; P = 0.07). This study demonstrates a lower tenderness of meat from pigs that had a LW, partly as a result of their enlarged myofibers at market weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gondret
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherches-Systèmes d'Elevage, Nutrition Animale et Humaine, F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France.
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32
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Faucitano L, Huff P, Teuscher F, Gariepy C, Wegner J. Application of computer image analysis to measure pork marbling characteristics. Meat Sci 2005; 69:537-43. [PMID: 22062993 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2004] [Revised: 09/13/2004] [Accepted: 09/22/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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33
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Kim NK, Joh JH, Park HR, Kim OH, Park BY, Lee CS. Differential expression profiling of the proteomes and their mRNAs in porcine white and red skeletal muscles. Proteomics 2004; 4:3422-8. [PMID: 15449374 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200400976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is an heterogeneous tissue with various biochemical and physical properties of several fiber types. In this study, we carried out the comparative study of protein expression patterns in white and red muscles using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). From more than 500 protein spots detected on each 2-DE gel, we screened five proteins that were differentially expressed between white and red muscles. Using peptide mass fingerprint and tandem mass spectrometry analysis these proteins were identified as myoglobin, two slow-twitch isoforms of myosin light chain and two small heat shock proteins (HSP20 and HSP27). The protein levels of myoglobin, myosin light chain and HSP20 were higher in red muscle, whereas HSP27 was higher in white muscle. In addition, genes of the identified proteins were cloned and their mRNAs were examined. Positive correlations between protein content and their mRNA levels were observed in white and red muscle. These results may provide us with valuable information to understand the different expression profiling between white and red muscle at the protein level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam-Kuk Kim
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, College of Natural Science, Konkuk University, Chung-ju, Korea
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34
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Quiroz-Rothe E, Rivero JLL. Coordinated expression of myosin heavy chains, metabolic enzymes, and morphological features of porcine skeletal muscle fiber types. Microsc Res Tech 2004; 65:43-61. [PMID: 15570587 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Combined methodologies of electrophoresis, immunoblots, immunohistochemistry, histochemistry, and photometric image analysis were applied to characterize porcine skeletal muscle fibers according to their myosin heavy chain (MyHC) composition, and to determine on a fiber-to-fiber basis the correlation between contractile [MyHC (s), myofibrillar ATPase (mATPase), and sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA) isoforms], metabolic [succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activities, glycogen, and phospholamban (PLB) contents], and morphological [cross-sectional area (CSA), capillary, and nuclear densities] features of individual myofibers. An accurate delineation of MyHC-based fiber types was obtained with the immunohistochemical method developed. This protocol showed a high sensitivity and objectivity to delineate hybrid fibers with overwhelming dominance of one MyHC isoform. The phenotypic differences in contractile, metabolic, and morphological properties seen between fiber types were related with MyHC content. Slow fibers had the lowest mATPase activity (related to shortening velocity), the highest SDH activity (oxidative capacity), the lowest GPDH activity (glycolytic metabolism), and glycogen content, the smallest CSA, the greatest capillary, and nuclear densities, and expressed slow SERCA isoform and PLB, but not the fast SERCA isoform. The reverse pattern was true for pure IIB fibers, whereas type IIA and IIX fibers had intermediate properties. Hybrid fibers had mean values intermediate in-between their respective pure phenotypes. Discrimination of myofibers according to their MyHC content was possible on the basis of their contractile and non-contractile profiles. These intrafiber interrelationships suggest that myofibers of control pigs exhibit a high degree of co-ordination in their physiological, biochemical, and anatomical features. This study may well be a useful baseline for future work on the pig meat industry and also offers new prospects for muscle fiber typing in porcine experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Quiroz-Rothe
- Laboratory of Muscular Biopathology, Department of Comparative Anatomy and Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Cordoba, 14071 Cordoba, Spain
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35
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Gil M, Oliver M, Gispert M, Diestre A, Sosnicki A, Lacoste A, Carrión D. The relationship between pig genetics, myosin heavy chain I, biochemical traits and quality of M. longissimus thoracis. Meat Sci 2003; 65:1063-70. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(02)00324-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2002] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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36
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Sensory and functional meat quality characteristics of pork derived from three halothane genotypes. Meat Sci 2003; 63:333-8. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(02)00090-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2001] [Revised: 02/07/2002] [Accepted: 03/31/2002] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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37
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Fiedler I, Nürnberg K, Hardge T, Nürnberg G, Ender K. Phenotypic variations of muscle fibre and intramuscular fat traits in Longissimus muscle of F2 population Duroc×Berlin Miniature Pig and relationships to meat quality. Meat Sci 2003; 63:131-9. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(02)00075-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2001] [Revised: 03/19/2002] [Accepted: 03/24/2002] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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38
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Lahucky R, Baulain U, Henning M, Demo P, Krska P, Liptaj T. In vitro 31P NMR studies on biopsy skeletal muscle samples compared with meat quality of normal and heterozygous malignant hyperthermia pigs. Meat Sci 2002; 61:233-41. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(01)00182-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2001] [Revised: 07/12/2001] [Accepted: 08/21/2001] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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39
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Depreux F, Grant A, Gerrard D. Influence of halothane genotype and body-weight on myosin heavy chain composition in pig muscle as related to meat quality. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-6226(01)00243-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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40
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A within litter comparison of muscle fibre characteristics and growth of halothane carrier and halothane free crossbreed pigs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-6226(01)00233-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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41
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Depreux F, Okamura C, Swartz D, Grant A, Brandstetter A, Gerrard D. Quantification of myosin heavy chain isoform in porcine muscle using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Meat Sci 2000; 56:261-9. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(00)00051-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2000] [Revised: 04/27/2000] [Accepted: 04/27/2000] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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42
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de Vries A, Faucitano L, Sosnicki A, Plastow G. The use of gene technology for optimal development of pork meat quality. Food Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0308-8146(00)00049-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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43
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Fiedler I, Ender K, Wicke M, Maak S, Lengerken G, Meyer W. Structural and functional characteristics of muscle fibres in pigs with different malignant hyperthermia susceptibility (MHS) and different meat quality. Meat Sci 1999; 53:9-15. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(99)00030-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/1998] [Revised: 02/10/1999] [Accepted: 02/15/1999] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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44
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45
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Brocks L, Hulsegge B, Merkus G. Histochemical characteristics in relation to meat quality properties in the Longissimus Lumborum of fast and lean growing lines of Large White pigs. Meat Sci 1998; 50:411-20. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(98)00053-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/1997] [Revised: 04/20/1998] [Accepted: 04/24/1998] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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46
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47
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Lahucky R, Christian L, Kovac L, Stalder K, Bauerova M. Meat quality assessed Ante- and Post mortem by different ryanodine receptor gene status of pigs. Meat Sci 1997; 47:277-85. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(97)00060-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/1995] [Revised: 03/27/1997] [Accepted: 05/30/1997] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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48
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Petersen J, Henckel P, Maribo H, Oksbjerg N, Sørensen M. Muscle metabolic traits, post mortem-pH-decline and meat quality in pigs subjected to regular physical training and spontaneous activity. Meat Sci 1997; 46:259-75. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(97)00021-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/1996] [Revised: 02/07/1997] [Accepted: 02/16/1997] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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49
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Aalhus J, Best D, Costello F, Schaefer A. The effects of porcine somatotropin on muscle fibre morphology and meat quality of pigs of known stress susceptibility. Meat Sci 1997; 45:283-95. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(96)00111-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/1996] [Revised: 09/03/1996] [Accepted: 09/03/1996] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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50
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Comparison of histochemical properties of different pig breeds. Meat Sci 1997; 45:119-25. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(96)00094-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/1996] [Revised: 07/24/1996] [Accepted: 07/30/1996] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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