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Liu J, Li Y, Liu S, Zhang Y, Luo Y, Yang Y, Zhuang X, Wang X, Zhao B, Xu T, Xu L. Alkoxy cyanoacrylate-based nanoparticles with stealth and brain-targeting properties. J Drug Target 2021; 30:219-231. [PMID: 34319831 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2021.1961790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) with 'stealth' properties have been designed to decrease the phagocytosis of such particles by mononuclear phagocytes and to protect them from enzymatic degradation, thus improving circulation time and bioavailability after intravenous administration. Brain-targeting modifications endow NPs with the capacity to cross the blood-brain barrier, facilitating chemotherapy for brain diseases such as glioma. In this study, newly designed alkoxy cyanoacrylate (CA)-based NPs with stealth and brain-targeting properties were synthesised and evaluated. The monomers for NP core polymerisation were chemically modified to hydrophilic short alkoxy structure for stealth purposes and coated with polysorbate-80 for brain targeting. Two monomers (2-methoxyethyl CA and 2-(2-methoxyethyl)ethyl CA) were used to create NP2 and NP3, respectively. Both NPs were successfully loaded with anti-sense oligonucleotide (ASON) of transforming growth factor beta 2. Compared to traditional n-butyl CA-based ASON-NP1, ASON-NP3 was found to decrease phagocytosis by mononuclear macrophages (RAW264.7) and to increase cellular uptake by cancer cells. ASON-NP3 showed definite brain targeting and anti-cancer effects. This work provides a potential new strategy for preparing stealth NPs core, providing a new NP vehicle for clinical drug delivery that may be targeted to the brain and circulates in the blood for an extended period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Precision Medicine and Healthcare, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, China.,East China Institute of Digital Medical Engineering, Shangrao, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Xuanzhi Wang
- East China Institute of Digital Medical Engineering, Shangrao, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, China
| | - Baoquan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Precision Medicine and Healthcare, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomanufacturing Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
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Barron AE, Blanch HW. DNA Separations by Slab Gel, and Capillary Electrophoresis: Theory and Practice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/03602549508014343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Abstract
We present a mathematical model based on the models of Hubert et al. [Macromolecules 29 (1996) 1006] and Sunada and Blanch [Electrophoresis, 19 (1998) 3128] to describe the electrophoretic mobility of DNA by a transient entanglement coupling mechanism. The proposed model takes into account the interactions between molecules in the capillary and the cross-section of collision between DNA and polymer molecules. The results show that the calculated values agree remarkably well with our electrophoretic mobility data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Jin Jung
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Molecular Thermodynamics Lab., Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea
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Barron AE, Sunada WM, Blanch HW. The effects of polymer properties on DNA separations by capillary electrophoresis in uncross-linked polymer solutions. Electrophoresis 1996; 17:744-57. [PMID: 8738338 DOI: 10.1002/elps.1150170421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Low-viscosity, aqueous solutions of hydrophilic linear polymers have been shown to be useful for the separation of DNA restriction fragments by capillary electrophoresis (CE). However, the choice of polymer type, size, and concentration remains largely empirical, because the mechanism of high-field electrophoretic DNA separations in polymer solutions is not well understood. To assist in elucidating the mechanism of DNA separation, we experimentally investigated the effects of polymer properties such as stiffness (persistence length), average molecular mass, polydispersity, and hydrophilicity on the separation of DNA ranging from 72 bp to 23 kbp. This was accomplished by comparing the results of DNA separations obtained by counter-migration CE in dilute and semidilute solutions of linear polyacrylamide (PAA), hydroxyethyl-cellulose (HEC), and hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) polymers of several different average molecular masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Barron
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley 94720, USA
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