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Wang Y, Wen J. Available Strategies for Improving the Biosynthesis of Methionine: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 39074311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Methionine is the only nonpolar α-amino acid containing sulfur among the eight essential amino acids and is closely related to the metabolism of sulfur-containing compounds in the human body. Widely used in feed, medicine, food, and other fields, the market demand is increasing annually. However, low productivity and high cost largely limit the industrial production of methionine, and many novel production methods still have their own disadvantages. In this paper, the available methods for synthesizing methionine are reviewed and discussed. The latest strategies for improving methionine production are further introduced, including culture medium optimization, mutation technology, expression of key genes in the metabolic pathway, knockout and recombination, as well as the engineering of membrane transporters, the fermentation-enzymatic coupling route, and innovation of CO2 biotransformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of System Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
- Frontier Science Center of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Wen
- Key Laboratory of System Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
- Frontier Science Center of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
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Fiedurek J, Trytek M, Szczodrak J. Strain improvement of industrially important microorganisms based on resistance to toxic metabolites and abiotic stress. J Basic Microbiol 2017; 57:445-459. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201600710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Fiedurek
- Department of Industrial Microbiology; Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology; Maria Curie-Skłodowska University; Lublin Poland
| | - Mariusz Trytek
- Department of Industrial Microbiology; Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology; Maria Curie-Skłodowska University; Lublin Poland
| | - Janusz Szczodrak
- Department of Industrial Microbiology; Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology; Maria Curie-Skłodowska University; Lublin Poland
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Methionine production—a critical review. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:9893-914. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-6156-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Saengkerdsub S, Lingbeck JM, Wilkinson HH, O'Bryan CA, Crandall PG, Muthaiyan A, Biswas D, Ricke SC. Characterization of isolated yeast growth response to methionine analogs. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2013; 48:1112-1120. [PMID: 24007489 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2013.824305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Methionine is one of the first limiting amino acids in poultry nutrition. The use of methionine-rich natural feed ingredients, such as soybean meal or rapeseed meal may lead to negative environmental consequences. Amino acid supplementation leads to reduced use of protein-rich ingredients. The objectives of this study were isolation of potentially high content methionine-containing yeasts, quantification of methionine content in yeasts and their respective growth response to methionine analogs. Minimal medium was used as the selection medium and the isolation medium of methionine-producing yeasts from yeast collection and environmental samples, respectively. Two yeasts previously collected along with six additional strains isolated from Caucasian kefir grains, air-trapped, cantaloupe, and three soil samples could grow on minimal medium. Only two of the newly isolated strains, K1 and C1, grew in minimal medium supplied with either methionine analogs ethionine or norleucine at 0.5% (w/v). Based on large subunit rRNA sequences, these isolated strains were identified as Pichia udriavzevii/Issatchenkia orientalis. P. kudriavzevii/I. orentalis is a generally recognized as a safe organism. In addition, methionine produced by K1 and C1 yeast hydrolysate yielded 1.3 ± 0.01 and 1.1 ± 0.01 mg g(-1) dry cell. Yeast strain K1 may be suitable as a potential source of methionine for dietary supplements in organic poultry feed but may require growth conditions to further increase their methionine content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suwat Saengkerdsub
- Center for Food Safety, and Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704-5690, USA
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Abstract
Although microorganisms are extremely good in presenting us with an amazing array of valuable products, they usually produce them only in amounts that they need for their own benefit; thus, they tend not to overproduce their metabolites. In strain improvement programs, a strain producing a high titer is usually the desired goal. Genetics has had a long history of contributing to the production of microbial products. The tremendous increases in fermentation productivity and the resulting decreases in costs have come about mainly by mutagenesis and screening/selection for higher producing microbial strains and the application of recombinant DNA technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L Adrio
- Department of Biotechnology, Puleva Biotech, S.A., Granada, Spain.
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Kumar D, Gomes J. Methionine production by fermentation. Biotechnol Adv 2005; 23:41-61. [PMID: 15610965 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2004.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2004] [Revised: 08/24/2004] [Accepted: 08/24/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Fermentation processes have been developed for producing most of the essential amino acids. Methionine is one exception. Although microbial production of methionine has been attempted, no commercial bioproduction exists. Here, we discuss the prospects of producing methionine by fermentation. A detailed account is given of methionine biosynthesis and its regulation in some potential producer microorganisms. Problems associated with isolation of methionine overproducing strains are discussed. Approaches to selecting microorganism having relaxed and complex regulatory control mechanisms for methionine biosynthesis are examined. The importance of fermentation media composition and culture conditions for methionine production is assessed and methods for recovering methionine from fermentation broth are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Sun Pharma Advanced Research Centre, Vadodara-390 020, India.
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Mampel J, Schröder H, Haefner S, Sauer U. Single-gene knockout of a novel regulatory element confers ethionine resistance and elevates methionine production in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2005; 68:228-36. [PMID: 15668756 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-005-1893-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2004] [Revised: 12/17/2004] [Accepted: 12/19/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite the availability of genome data and recent advances in methionine regulation in Corynebacterium glutamicum, sulfur metabolism and its underlying molecular mechanisms are still poorly characterized in this organism. Here, we describe the identification of an ORF coding for a putative regulatory protein that controls the expression of genes involved in sulfur reduction dependent on extracellular methionine levels. C. glutamicum was randomly mutagenized by transposon mutagenesis and 7,000 mutants were screened for rapid growth on agar plates containing the methionine antimetabolite D,L-ethionine. In all obtained mutants, the site of insertion was located in the ORF NCgl2640 of unknown function that has several homologues in other bacteria. All mutants exhibited similar ethionine resistance and this phenotype could be transferred to another strain by the defined deletion of the NCgl2640 gene. Moreover, inactivation of NCgl2640 resulted in significantly increased methionine production. Using promoter lacZ-fusions of genes involved in sulfur metabolism, we demonstrated the relief of L-methionine repression in the NCgl2640 mutant for cysteine synthase, o-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrolase (metY) and sulfite reductase. Complementation of the mutant strain with plasmid-borne NCgl2640 restored the wild-type phenotype for metY and sulfite reductase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Mampel
- Institute of Biotechnology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich 8093, Switzerland.
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Rodriguez L, Narciandi RE, Roca H, Cremata J, Montesinos R, Rodriguez E, Grillo JM, Muzio V, Herrera LS, Delgado JM. Invertase secretion in Hansenula polymorpha under the AOX1 promoter from Pichia pastoris. Yeast 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0061(199607)12:9<815::aid-yea916>3.0.co;2-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Rodriguez L, Narciandi RE, Roca H, Cremata J, Montesinos R, Rodriguez E, Grillo JM, Muzio V, Herrera LS, Delgado JM. Invertase secretion in Hansenula polymorpha under the AOX1 promoter from Pichia pastoris. Yeast 1996; 12:815-22. [PMID: 8840498 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0061(199607)12:9%3c815::aid-yea916%3e3.0.co;2-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A DNA fragment containing a transcription regulating region of the alcohol oxidase (AOX1) gene from the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris was used in the construction of a vector for the expression of heterologous proteins in the methylotrophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha. We used this vector to clone the SUC2 gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae into H. polymorpha yeast. The culture conditions for invertase production using a fed-batch culture were studied. More than 1.5 x 10(3) U/ml of biologically active invertase (1 g/l) were secreted to the cellular periplasmic space. The fermentative process was scaled up to 50 l. Invertase produced from H. polymorpha was glycosylated, but it contained significantly less carbohydrate than protein produced by S. cerevisiae. Using the Western-blot technique, it was observed that invertase secreted from H. polymorpha and invertase secreted from S. cerevisiae showed common antigenic determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rodriguez
- Bioindustry Division, Center for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, La Habana, Cuba
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Abstract
Microbial production of methionine is reviewed with 73 references. The review describes different methionine-producing organisms, as well as analog-resistant regulatory mutants, their optimum cultural conditions and yields. The pathways of methionine biosynthesis and their regulation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mondal
- Department of Botany, Burdwan University, Golapbag, West Bengal, India
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Mondal S, Chatterjee SP. Enhancement of methionine production by methionine analogue ethionine resistant mutants ofBrevibacterium heali. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1002/abio.370140214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Kitamoto HK, Nakahara T. Isolation of an l-methionine-enriched mutant of Kluyveromyces lactis grown on whey permeate. Process Biochem 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-9592(94)80005-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Heiland PC, Hill FF. Accumulation of S-adenosylhomocysteine and S-adenosylmethionine by an ethionine-resistant mutant of bakers' yeast. Process Biochem 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-9592(93)80004-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Avram D, Stan R. Ergosterol levels in two l-methionine-enriched mutants of the methylotrophic yeast Candida boidiniiICCF26. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1992. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1992.tb05502.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Lim WJ, Tani Y, Yang HC. Biochemical characterization of an l-methionine-enriched mutant of a methylotrophic yeast, Candida boidinii. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0922-338x(90)90104-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Production of l-Methionine-enriched cells of a mutant derived from a methylotrophic yeast, Candida boidinii. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0385-6380(88)90068-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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