1
|
Eccardt AM, Pelzel RJ, Mattathil L, Moon YA, Mannino MH, Janowiak BE, Fisher JS. A peroxidase mimetic protects skeletal muscle cells from peroxide challenge and stimulates insulin signaling. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 318:C1214-C1225. [PMID: 32348172 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00167.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide have been implicated in causing metabolic dysfunction such as insulin resistance. Heme groups, either by themselves or when incorporated into proteins, have been shown to scavenge peroxide and demonstrate protective effects in various cell types. Thus, we hypothesized that a metalloporphyrin similar in structure to heme, Fe(III)tetrakis(4-benzoic acid)porphyrin (FeTBAP), would be a peroxidase mimetic that could defend cells against oxidative stress. After demonstrating that FeTBAP has peroxidase activity with reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and NADH as reducing substrates, we determined that FeTBAP partially rescued C2C12 myotubes from peroxide-induced insulin resistance as measured by phosphorylation of AKT (S473) and insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1, Y612). Furthermore, we found that FeTBAP stimulates insulin signaling in myotubes and mouse soleus skeletal muscle to about the same level as insulin for phosphorylation of AKT, IRS-1, and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (S9). We found that FeTBAP lowers intracellular peroxide levels and protects against carbonyl formation in myotubes exposed to peroxide. Additionally, we found that FeTBAP stimulates glucose transport in myotubes and skeletal muscle to about the same level as insulin. We conclude that a peroxidase mimetic can blunt peroxide-induced insulin resistance and also stimulate insulin signaling and glucose transport, suggesting a possible role of peroxidase activity in regulation of insulin signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Eccardt
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ross J Pelzel
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Lyn Mattathil
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Yerin A Moon
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Mark H Mannino
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang J, Li W, Wang D, Wu H, Li Z, Ye Q. Characterization of bifunctional L-glutathione synthetases from Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Actinobacillus succinogenes for efficient glutathione biosynthesis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:6279-6289. [PMID: 26996628 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7437-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH), an important bioactive substance, is widely applied in pharmaceutical and food industries. In this work, two bifunctional L-glutathione synthetases (GshF) from Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (GshFAp) and Actinobacillus succinogenes (GshFAs) were successfully expressed in Escherichia coli BL-21(DE3). Similar to the GshF from Streptococcus thermophilus (GshFSt), GshFAp and GshFAs can be applied for high titer GSH production because they are less sensitive to end-product inhibition (Ki values 33 and 43 mM, respectively). The active catalytic forms of GshFAs and GshFAp are dimers, consistent with those of GshFPm (GshF from Pasteurella multocida) and GshFSa (GshF from Streptococcus agalactiae), but are different from GshFSt (GshF from S. thermophilus) which is an active monomer. The analysis of the protein sequences and three dimensional structures of GshFs suggested that the binding sites of GshFs for substrates, L-cysteine, L-glutamate, γ-glutamylcysteine, adenosine-triphosphate, and glycine are highly conserved with only very few differences. With sufficient supply of the precursors, the recombinant strains BL-21(DE3)/pET28a-gshFas and BL-21(DE3)/pET28a-gshFap were able to produce 36.6 and 34.1 mM GSH, with the molar yield of 0.92 and 0.85 mol/mol, respectively, based on the added L-cysteine. The results showed that GshFAp and GshFAs are potentially good candidates for industrial GSH production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.,Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Dezheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Hui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Zhimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China. .,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, 130 Meilong Road,Shanghai, 200237, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li J, Jiang Y, Fan Q, Chen Y, Wu R. Simultaneous determination of the impurity and radial tensile strength of reduced glutathione tablets by a high selective NIR-PLS method. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 125:278-284. [PMID: 24556136 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.01.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper establishes a high-throughput and high selective method to determine the impurity named oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and radial tensile strength (RTS) of reduced glutathione (GSH) tablets based on near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and partial least squares (PLS). In order to build and evaluate the calibration models, the NIR diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS) and transmittance spectra (TS) for 330 GSH tablets were accurately measured by using the optimized parameter values. For analyzing GSSG or RTS of GSH tablets, the NIR-DRS or NIR-TS were selected, subdivided reasonably into calibration and prediction sets, and processed appropriately with chemometric techniques. After selecting spectral sub-ranges and neglecting spectrum outliers, the PLS calibration models were built and the factor numbers were optimized. Then, the PLS models were evaluated by the root mean square errors of calibration (RMSEC), cross-validation (RMSECV) and prediction (RMSEP), and by the correlation coefficients of calibration (R(c)) and prediction (R(p)). The results indicate that the proposed models have good performances. It is thus clear that the NIR-PLS can simultaneously, selectively, nondestructively and rapidly analyze the GSSG and RTS of GSH tablets, although the contents of GSSG impurity were quite low while those of GSH active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) quite high. This strategy can be an important complement to the common NIR methods used in the on-line analysis of API in pharmaceutical preparations. And this work expands the NIR applications in the high-throughput and extraordinarily selective analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Enterprise Technology Center, Chongqing Yaoyou Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Chongqing 401121, China
| | - Qi Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Yang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ruanqi Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Soliman RM, Hadad GM, Abdel Salam RA, Mesbah MK. QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF GLUTATHIONE IN PRESENCE OF ITS DEGRADANT IN A PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATION USING HPLC-DAD AND IDENTIFICATION BY LC-ESI-MS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2012.749497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rabab M. Soliman
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University , Makkah , Saudi Arabia
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University , El Arish , North Sinai , Egypt
| | - Ghada M. Hadad
- c Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University , Ismailia , Egypt
| | - Randa A. Abdel Salam
- c Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University , Ismailia , Egypt
| | - Mostafa K. Mesbah
- d Department of Pharmacognosy , Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University , Ismailia , Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sutariya V, Wehrung D, Geldenhuys WJ. Development and Validation of a Novel RP-HPLC Method for the Analysis of Reduced Glutathione. J Chromatogr Sci 2012; 50:271-6. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmr055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
|
6
|
Tamba M, Torreggiani A. Some molecular aspects of the radiation-induced oxidative degradation of glutathione. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2002. [DOI: 10.1163/156856702760129519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
7
|
Manna L, Valvo L, Betto P. Determination of oxidized and reduced glutathione in pharmaceuticals by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with dual electrochemical detection. J Chromatogr A 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(99)00427-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
8
|
Raggi MA, Mandrioli R, Bugamelli F, Sabbioni C. Comparison of analytical methods for quality control of pharmaceutical formulations containing glutathione. Chromatographia 1997. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02490925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
9
|
Gennaro M, Aigotti R, Zerbinati O, Pittavino S. An electrochemical process for the degradation of sulfonate‐ and phenol‐ derivatives in industrial effluents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1080/10934529709376573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
10
|
Kataoka H, Takagi K, Makita M. Determination of glutathione and related aminothiols by gas chromatography with flame photometric detection. Biomed Chromatogr 1995; 9:85-9. [PMID: 7795391 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1130090206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A selective and sensitive method for the determination of glutathione (GSH) and related aminothiols such as cysteine (Cys), cysteinylglycine (CysGly) and gamma-glutamylcysteine (gamma-GluCys) by gas chromatography (GC) has been developed. GSH and related aminothiols were converted into their N,S-isopropoxycarbonyl methyl ester derivatives and measured by GC with flame photometric detection using a short capillary column (5 m x 0.53 mm i.d.) of cross-linked DB-1. The calibration curves were linear in the range 1-25 nmol for GSH and in the range 0.2-5 nmol for other aminothiols, and the detection limits of GSH, Cys, CysGly and gamma-GluCys were approximately 5, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 pmol per injection respectively. This method was successfully applied to blood samples without prior clean-up, and GSH and related aminothiols in these samples could be analysed without any influence from coexisting substances. Overall recoveries of GSH and other aminothiols added to blood samples were 88-107%. The analytical results of free and total blood GSH and related aminothiols in normal subjects are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Kataoka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gotti R, Andrisano V, Cavrini V, Bongini A. Determination of glutathione in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics by HPLC with UV and fluorescence detection. Chromatographia 1994. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02320453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
12
|
Carvalho FD, Remião F, Vale P, Timbrell JA, Bastos ML, Ferreira MA. Glutathione and cysteine measurement in biological samples by HPLC with a glassy carbon working detector. Biomed Chromatogr 1994; 8:134-6. [PMID: 8075522 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1130080308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
An HPLC method using a glassy carbon working detector for measuring cysteine and reduced glutathione (GSH) in biological samples was developed. Oxidized glutathione (GSSG) was also measured after reduction with glutathione reductase. This study was conducted in human plasma. Cysteine and GSH standard curves were linear in the physiological range, presenting detection limits of 22.0 pmol and 6.0 pmol respectively. Plasmatic results found were 43.92 +/- 4.15, 4.50 +/- 0.65, and 0.19 +/- 0.12 mM (means +/- SE), for cysteine, GSH and GSSG, respectively. Peak specificity for cysteine and reduced glutathione was certified by their disappearance after treatment with N-ethylmaleimide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F D Carvalho
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Oporto, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Di Pietra AM, Gotti R, Bonazzi D, Andrisano V, Cavrini V. HPLC determination of glutathione and L-cysteine in pharmaceuticals after derivatization with ethacrynic acid. J Pharm Biomed Anal 1994; 12:91-8. [PMID: 8161611 DOI: 10.1016/0731-7085(94)80015-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Ethacrynic acid and its methyl ester are proposed as useful pre-chromatographic derivatization reagents for the HPLC analysis (UV detection) of reduced glutathione (GSH) and L-cysteine. The optimum experimental conditions for the thiol derivatization, the removal of the excess reagent by liquid-liquid or solid-phase extraction and the reversed-phase chromatographic separations of the thiol adducts were investigated. The method was applied to the HPLC determination of GSH and L-cysteine in commercial formulations and proved to be suitable for the HPLC determination of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) after reduction to GSH using dithiothreitol (DTT).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A M Di Pietra
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Castagnola M, Di Pierro D, Scatena R, Tavazzi B, Nocca G, Rossetti DV, Giardina B. Separation of reduced and oxidized glutathione by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography. Biomed Chromatogr 1993; 7:220-6. [PMID: 8219701 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1130070410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The separation of reduced and oxidized glutathione at an absolute sensitivity of about 100 pg by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography without derivatization is described. The time required for the separation is less than 10 min (the time between two following injections is about 15 min). The separation is characterized by high efficiency and good reliability. A partition mechanism is responsible for the high resolution observed. The method was utilized for the analysis of commercial preparations of glutathione and a good agreement with the expected results was obtained; the oxidation of the commercial glutathione in solution was easily analysed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Castagnola
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e di Scienze Biochimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|