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Truisi GL, Consiglio ED, Parmentier C, Savary CC, Pomponio G, Bois F, Lauer B, Jossé R, Hewitt PG, Mueller SO, Richert L, Guillouzo A, Testai E. Understanding the biokinetics of ibuprofen after single and repeated treatments in rat and human in vitro liver cell systems. Toxicol Lett 2015; 233:172-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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2
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Magiera S, Gülmez Ş. Ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction combined with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for the analysis of ibuprofen and its metabolites in human urine. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 92:193-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2013] [Revised: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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3
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Barding GA, Orr DJ, Sathnur SM, Larive CK. VIZR--an automated chemometric technique for metabolic profiling. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:8409-17. [PMID: 23912833 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7254-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A chemometric technique, visual interpretation of z-score ratios (VIZR), written in the open source code R, has been developed to identify metabolic differences between individual biosamples and a control group. To demonstrate the capabilities of VIZR, 49 urine samples were collected from healthy volunteers: 41 samples were collected randomly following a normal dietary routine and 7 test samples were collected after dietary supplementation with either ibuprofen or alcoholic beverages. An eighth test sample was prepared by 50% dilution of a control sample. Sample analysis was conducted by (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and the collected data were subjected to VIZR analysis, which successfully discriminated each of the 8 test samples from the 41 control samples. In addition, VIZR analysis revealed the NMR spectral regions responsible for the disparity between the individual test samples and the control group. The self-normalizing nature of the VIZR calculation provides a robust analysis independent of dilution effects, which is especially important in urine analyses. Potential applications of VIZR include high-throughput data analysis for toxicological profiling, disease diagnosis, and biomarker identification in any type of biosample for which a control dataset can be established. Although demonstrated herein for the statistical analysis of (1)H NMR data, the VIZR program is platform independent and could be applied to digitized metabolic datasets acquired using other techniques including hyphenated mass spectrometry measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Barding
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
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Walker GS, O'Connell TN. Comparison of LC-NMR and conventional NMR for structure elucidation in drug metabolism studies. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2008; 4:1295-305. [PMID: 18798699 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.4.10.1295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography-nuclear magnetic resonance (LC-NMR) has proven to be a useful technique for the structure elucidation of novel metabolites from pharmaceutical compounds. Proponents of LC-NMR tout the advantage of eliminating the step of a separate chromatographic isolation. However, the advantages of directly coupling NMR and HPLC instrumentation must be weighed against compromises in performance made to each technique to achieve a hyphenated system. While significant advances have been made in LC-NMR technology, a strong case can be made that HPLC purification of metabolites followed by conventional tube NMR is equally useful. It is relatively rare that one approach will be successful and the other not. The fundamental consideration is whether there is sufficient chromatographic expertise in the NMR laboratory to adequately design and execute appropriate experiments such that a pure chromatographic peak will be produced in the hyphenated system. Due to speed and sensitivity differences between NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) continues to be the front-line approach for the structure elucidation of metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory S Walker
- Pfizer, Inc., Global Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT 06340, USA.
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de Oliveira ARM, de Santana FJM, Bonato PS. Stereoselective determination of the major ibuprofen metabolites in human urine by off-line coupling solid-phase microextraction and high-performance liquid chromatography. Anal Chim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2005.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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6
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Rückert M, Wohlfarth M, Bringmann G. Characterization of protein mixtures by ion-exchange chromatography coupled on-line to nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J Chromatogr A 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(99)00200-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Bäcker AE, Thorbert S, Rakotonirainy O, Hallberg EC, Olling A, Gustavsson M, Samuelsson BE, Soussi B. Liquid chromatography "on-flow" 1H nuclear magnetic resonance on native glycosphingolipid mixtures together with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry on the released oligosaccharides for screening and characterisation of carbohydrate-based antigens from pig lungs. Glycoconj J 1999; 16:45-58. [PMID: 10580650 DOI: 10.1023/a:1006901803636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids were prepared from pig lung and pooled into two fractions with (i) < or = 3 sugar residues, and (ii) > or = 3 sugar residues. Oligosaccharides were prepared and used for gas chromatography, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. The glycolipid fractions i and ii were further characterised and purified using a novel method based on high performance liquid chromatography "on-flow" proton nuclear magnetic resonance. The LC "on-flow" NMR technique showed good chromatographic separation and gave NMR spectral information which could be used as guidance for pooling of the separated mixture glycolipids. Conventional 1H NMR, thin layer immunostaining, gas chromatography, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry were used to characterise the glycolipids and to validate LC-NMR spectral data.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Bäcker
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Chemistry & Transfusion Medicine, Sahlgrenska universitetssjukhuset, Göteborg, Sweden.
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Bringmann G, Günther C, Schlauer J, Rückert M. HPLC−NMR On-Line Coupling Including the ROESY Technique: Direct Characterization of Naphthylisoquinoline Alkaloids in Crude Plant Extracts. Anal Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ac971333q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Bringmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität, Am Hubland, D-97074, Würzburg, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Christian Günther
- Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität, Am Hubland, D-97074, Würzburg, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Jan Schlauer
- Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität, Am Hubland, D-97074, Würzburg, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Markus Rückert
- Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität, Am Hubland, D-97074, Würzburg, Federal Republic of Germany
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Kepp DR, Sidelmann UG, Tjørnelund J, Hansen SH. Simultaneous quantitative determination of the major phase I and II metabolites of ibuprofen in biological fluids by high-performance liquid chromatography on dynamically modified silica. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 1997; 696:235-41. [PMID: 9323543 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(97)00239-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Ibuprofen has previously, after ingestion by man, been demonstrated to yield four major phase I metabolites, which are excreted in the urine partly as glucuronic acid conjugates. However, in previous investigations the quantitative determinations of the conjugates were performed by indirect methods. The purpose of the present investigation was to develop a high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) system for the simultaneous determination of the major phase I and II metabolites of ibuprofen in biological fluids. The separation was performed using bare silica dynamically modified with N-cetyl-N,N,N-trimethylammonium hydroxide ions contained in the mobile phase. The separation of the metabolites of ibuprofen is greatly improved with this system compared to other published reversed-phase HPLC systems intended for the same purpose. The method developed makes it possible to simultaneously determine the intact glucuronic acid conjugates of ibuprofen as well as its phase I metabolites in human urine. In a study involving four healthy volunteers, a total recovery in urine of the dose given was found to be 58-86% within 8 h. This may be compared to an average of 67% earlier reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Kepp
- Dept. of Analytical and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Royal Danish School of Pharmacy, Copenhagen, Denmark
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11
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Careri M, Mangia A. Multidimensional detection methods for separations and their application in food analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0165-9936(96)00066-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Albert K, Schlotterbeck G, Tseng LH, Braumann U. Application of on-line capillary high-performance liquid chromatography-nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry coupling for the analysis of vitamin A derivatives. J Chromatogr A 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(96)00454-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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13
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Foxall PJ, Lenz EM, Lindon JC, Neild GH, Wilson ID, Nicholson JK. Nuclear magnetic resonance and high-performance liquid chromatography-nuclear magnetic resonance studies on the toxicity and metabolism of ifosfamide. Ther Drug Monit 1996; 18:498-505. [PMID: 8857575 DOI: 10.1097/00007691-199608000-00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A combination of high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-NMR spectroscopic methods has been used to analyse urine from humans and rats treated with the anticancer drug ifosfamide. It was possible to detect a range of abnormal endogenous metabolites in urine after ifosfamide administration to human subjects undergoing cancer therapy and to relate the metabolic perturbations to the nephrotoxic effects of the drug. Changes observed by 1H NMR included increases in levels of urinary glucose, glycine, alanine, histidine, lactate, acetate, succinate, and trimethylamine-N-oxide and decreases in the levels of hippurate and citrate. Additional evidence was gained that ifosfamide-induced nephrotoxicity might be related to the level of oxidation of the coadministered drug mesna. By using both directly coupled continuous-flow 31P HPLC-NMR spectroscopy to determine the retention times of the phosphorus-containing metabolites and, subsequently, stop-flow 1H HPLC-NMR of the urine, it was possible to isolate and identify on-line the metabolites ifosfamide mustard, 4-hydroxy-ifosfamide, 2-dechloroethylifosfamide, and the parent compound itself. These studies illustrate the potential of combining 1H NMR spectroscopy of biofluids and HPLC-NMR spectroscopy for the investigation of drug metabolism and toxicity in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Foxall
- Department of Chemistry, Birkbeck College, University of London, U.K
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Sidelmann UG, Nicholls AW, Meadows PE, Gilbert JW, Lindon JC, Wilson ID, Nicholson JK. High-performance liquid chromatography directly coupled to 19F and 1H NMR for the analysis of mixtures of isomeric ester glucuronide conjugates of trifluoromethylbenzoic acids. J Chromatogr A 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(95)00835-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Spraul M, Hofmann M, Lindon JC, Farrant RD, Seddon MJ, Nicholson JK, Wilson ID. Evaluation of liquid chromatography coupled with high-field 1H NMR spectroscopy for drug metabolite detection and characterization: the identification of paracetamol metabolites in urine and bile. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 1994; 7:295-303. [PMID: 7718429 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1940070702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The applicability of coupled reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-NMR spectroscopy for the detection and identification of paracetamol (N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamide) and its sulfate, glucuronide and N-acetylcysteinyl metabolites in the unprocessed biological fluids, human urine, rat urine and rat bile, is investigated. Analysis of these samples was performed by gradient HPLC elution and directly coupled 500 MHz 1H NMR spectroscopy detection using a combination of one- and two-dimensional NMR methods in stopped-flow mode. The stopped-flow approach is demonstrated to be an efficient technique for identification of drug metabolites which have, for example, a UV-chromophore. Stopped-flow HPLC analysis with NMR detection is a viable technique and halting the chromatographic process several times during a run has a negligible effect on the separation and NMR characterization. The post-acquisition data processing method of 'quantified maximum entropy' is shown to provide a means of improving the quality of spectra for minor components, thus aiding NMR resonance assignments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Spraul
- Bruker Analytische Messtechnik GmbH, Rheinstetten, Germany
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Roberts JK, Smith RJ. Use of liquid chromatography-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for the identification of impurities in drug substances. J Chromatogr A 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(94)80166-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Spraul M, Hofmann M, Wilson ID, Lenz E, Nicholson JK, Lindon JC. Coupling of HPLC with 19F- and 1H-NMR spectroscopy to investigate the human urinary excretion of flurbiprofen metabolites. J Pharm Biomed Anal 1993; 11:1009-15. [PMID: 8305581 DOI: 10.1016/0731-7085(93)80062-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Results of an on-line HPLC-NMR analysis of human urine from a volunteer administered the anti-inflammatory drug flurbiprofen are reported. The two major human urinary metabolites, namely the glucuronides of flurbiprofen and of 4'-hydroxyflurbiprofen, have been identified using 1H- and 19F-NMR spectroscopy. In vivo conjugation of the racemic drug and its metabolites with D-glucuronic acid results in diastereomeric molecules which give resolved NMR spectra thereby permitting the diastereomeric proportions to be evaluated. The cause of the observed deviation from equal proportions is discussed. This study represents the first use of both 19F- and 600 MHz 1H-NMR spectroscopy coupled to HPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Spraul
- Bruker Analytische Messtechnik, Rheinstetten, Germany
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Wilson ID, Nicholson JK, Hofmann M, Spraul M, Lindon JC. Investigation of the human metabolism of antipyrine using coupled liquid chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of urine. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1993; 617:324-8. [PMID: 8408400 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(93)80507-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The potential of coupled high-performance liquid chromatography-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for the detection and identification of drug metabolites has been investigated by direct analysis of human urine collected following administration of antipyrine. This approach provided a rapid method of characterizing the major human urinary metabolites of this drug and promises to be of widespread value in structural studies of xenobiotic metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- I D Wilson
- Department of Safety of Medicines, Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Maccelesfield, Cheshire, UK
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