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Huda N, Li X, Jahan T, He Y, Guan C, Zhang K, Gao A, Georgiev MI, Zhou M. Acceleration of the genetic gain for nutraceutical improvement of adlay ( Coix L.) through genomic approaches: current status and future prospects. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2067175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Huda
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- Southwest Guizhou Institute of Karst Regional Development, Xingyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Tanzim Jahan
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yuqi He
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chaonan Guan
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Kaixuan Zhang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ainong Gao
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Milen I. Georgiev
- Laboratory of Metabolomics, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Meiliang Zhou
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, China
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Adlay Seed ( Coix lacryma-jobi L.) Extracts Exhibit a Prophylactic Effect on Diet-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:9519625. [PMID: 32595752 PMCID: PMC7275964 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9519625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common worldwide and closely associated with metabolic dysfunction. NAFLD leads to a higher risk of development of severe liver diseases, such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To date, no pharmacotherapy targeting NAFLD has received general approval. Adlay is a plant that has been used as traditional herbal medicine in Asia and is a promising candidate to solve this global issue. We have established a mouse model of NAFLD by feeding a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks. Here, ethanolic or water extracts of adlay seed (ASE and ASW, respectively), mixed with HFD, were fed to the mice for 10 weeks. The ASE and ASW treatment ameliorated hyperglycemia and improved the glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in the HFD mice. Hyperlipidemia in HFD mice was prevented by the ASE and ASW diet. In addition, the ASE and ASW supplementation attenuated hepatic steatosis and inflammation, improved liver function, and caused no harm to the kidneys. Moreover, the mechanism of the effect of ASE and ASW on inhibiting hepatic lipogenesis and inducing fatty acid β-oxidation was certified by the simulated human fatty liver cell model. Our study showed the regulatory potential of the extracts of adlay seeds for alleviating NAFLD, as well as related liver and metabolic diseases.
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Devaraj RD, Jeepipalli SP, Xu B. Phytochemistry and health promoting effects of Job's tears (Coix lacryma-jobi) - A critical review. FOOD BIOSCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Xu Y, Zhu X, Ma X, Xiong H, Zeng Z, Peng H, Hu J. Enzymatic production of trans-free shortening from coix seed oil, fully hydrogenated palm oil and Cinnamomum camphora seed oil. FOOD BIOSCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Choi EK, Cho YJ, Yang HJ, Kim KS, Lee IS, Jang JC, Kim KH, Bang JH, Kim Y, Kim SH, Cho YH, Yoon NY, Jang YP, Song MY, Jang HJ. Coix seed extract attenuates the high-fat induced mouse obesity via PPARγ and C/EBPα a downregulation. Mol Cell Toxicol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-015-0020-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Bai C, Luo G, Liu Y, Zhao S, Zhu X, Zhao Q, Peng H, Xiong H. A Comparison Investigation of Coix Seed Oil Liposomes Prepared by Five Different Methods. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2014.893524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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WATANABE M, KATO M, AYUGASE J. Anti-diabetic Effects of Adlay Protein in Type 2 Diabetic db/db Mice. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.18.383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Bai C, Peng H, Xiong H, Liu Y, Zhao L, Xiao X. Carboxymethylchitosan-coated proliposomes containing coix seed oil: Characterisation, stability and in vitro release evaluation. Food Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Watanabe M, Kato M, Ayugase J. Effects of Millet Grain Administration on Lipid Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetic db/db Mice. J JPN SOC FOOD SCI 2011. [DOI: 10.3136/nskkk.58.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Son BK, Kim JY, Lee SS. Effect of adlay, buckwheat and barley on lipid metabolism and aorta histopathology in rats fed an obesogenic diet. ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2008; 52:181-7. [PMID: 18544971 DOI: 10.1159/000138121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2007] [Accepted: 11/19/2007] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The present study was carried out to evaluate the nutritional quality of adlay (AD), buckwheat (BW) and waxy barley (WB), with particular respect to their fiber components. Plasma lipid parameters, gut transit time and thickness of the aortic wall in rats fed with different grains were evaluated and compared with rats fed on white rice (WR). METHODS The rats were then raised for 4 weeks on an obesogenic diet based on the American Institute of Nutrition-93 (AIN-93 G) diets containing 1% cholesterol and 20% dietary lipids. 40 male rats were divided into 4 groups and raised for 4 weeks with a diet containing one of the following grains: WR, AD, BW, or WB. RESULTS Gut transit time was shortened depending on the grain, with the WB group having the shortest time, followed by the BW group and the AD group, and then the WR group. Plasma lipid profiles differed significantly according to grain combination, and the levels of triglycerides in the AD, BW and WB groups were significantly lower than that in the WR group. The BW and WB groups showed lower levels of total cholesterol and LDL-C, and higher HDL-C than the WR group, although the group fed on AD did not show such results owing to the high content of lipids and calories. Accordingly, the reduction in gut transit time resulted in decreasing levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-C. Rats fed on WB and BW showed significantly larger aortic lumen than those fed with AD and WR. Also the wall thickness of the WB group was significantly thinner than that of the WR group. CONCLUSION Consumption of BW- and WB-containing diets significantly improved several cardiovascular risk factors induced by obesity in experimental rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Kyung Son
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
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LIN YULING, TSAI CHINGMINE. A STUDY OF ADLAY ON LOWERING SERUM AND LIVER LIPIDS IN HAMSTERS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4522.2008.00110.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kim SO. Ginseng Saponin-Re and Coix lachrymajobi var. mayuen Regulate Obesity Related Genes Expressions, TNF-alpha, Leptin, Lipoprotein Lipase and Resistin in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.5352/jls.2007.17.11.1523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Hsia SM, Yeh CL, Kuo YH, Wang PS, Chiang W. Effects of adlay (Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen Stapf.) hull extracts on the secretion of progesterone and estradiol in vivo and in vitro. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2007; 232:1181-94. [PMID: 17895526 DOI: 10.3181/0612-rm-306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adlay (Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen Stapf.) has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for dysfunction of the endocrine system. However, there have been few studies on the effects of adlay seed on the endocrine system. In the present study, both the in vivo and in vitro effects of methanolic extracts of adlay hull (AHM) on progesterone synthesis were studied. AHM was partitioned with four different solvents: water, 1-butanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane. Four fractions, namely, AHM-Wa (water fraction), AHM-Bu (1-butanol fraction), AHM-EA (ethyl acetate fraction), and AHM-Hex (n-hexane fraction), were respectively obtained. Granulosa cells (GCs) were prepared from pregnant mare serum gonadotropin-primed immature female rats and were challenged with different reagents, including human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG; 0.5 IU/ml), 8-bromo-adenosine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-Br-cAMP; 0.1 mM), forskolin (10 microM), 25-OH-cholesterol (10 microM), and pregnenolone (10 microM), in the presence or absence of AHM (100 microg/ml). The functions of steroidogenic enzymes, including protein expression of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), cytochrome P450 side chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc), protein kinase A (PKA), and aromatase activity, were investigated. The expression of StAR mRNA was also explored by using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. In the in vivo study, AHM decreased plasma progesterone and estradiol levels after an intravenous injection of AHM (2 mg/ ml/kg). In the in vitro studies, AHM decreased progesterone and estradiol via inhibition of (i) the cAMP-PKA signal transduction pathway, (ii) cAMP accumulation, (iii) P450scc and 3beta-HSD enzyme activities, (iv) PKA, P450scc and StAR protein expressions and StAR mRNA expression, and (v) aromatase activity in rat GCs. These results suggest that AHM decreased the production of progesterone via mechanisms involving the inhibition of the cAMP pathway, enzyme activities, and the protein expressions of P450scc and StAR in rat GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Min Hsia
- Graduate Institute of Food Science and Technology, Center for Food and Biomolecules, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Kim SO, Yun SJ, Lee EH. The water extract of adlay seed (Coix lachrymajobi var. mayuen) exhibits anti-obesity effects through neuroendocrine modulation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2007; 35:297-308. [PMID: 17436369 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x07004825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To find out whether the immunohistochemical expression of neuropeptid Y (NPY) and leptin receptor (LR) in the rat hypothalamus is influenced by adlay seed water extract (adlay), obesity in rats was induced by high fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks; these rats were injected with 50 mg/100 g body weight adlay daily for 4 weeks. The results showed that the optical density of NPY immunoreactivity in paraventricular nucleus of rats increased approximately by 3.4 fold in HFD group compared to the normal diet group. Conversely, that of HFD + adlay group was about 2.6 fold lower than HFD group. The pattern of LR expression was similar to that of NPY. Both of NPY and LR mRNA levels, determined by real time PCR, in HFD + adlay group were decreased compared to those of HFD group, but there were no significant changes in the level of LR. These results suggest that adlay may regulate neuroendocrine activity in the brain. Accordingly, administration of adlay may be considered for therapies targeting obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Ok Kim
- Graduate School of East West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, 1 Seochon-dong, Kiheung-ku, Yongin, Kyungki-do, 449-701, Korea
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Huang BW, Chiang MT, Yao HT, Chiang W. The effect of adlay oil on plasma lipids, insulin and leptin in rat. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2005; 12:433-9. [PMID: 16008119 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2004.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effect of dietary adlay oil on plasma lipids, insulin and lipid peroxidation levels in rats. Twenty-four male Wistar rats fed diet containing adlay oil and cholesterol were studied for 4 weeks. The animals were divided into three groups: (1) 10% lard (control) group; (2) 5% lard + 5% adlay oil (5% adlay oil) group; and (3) 10% adlay oil group. Although there was no significant difference in body weight at the end of the feeding study, rats fed a diet containing adlay oil showed a significant decrease in adipose tissue weight and relative adipose weight. In addition, the rats fed the adlay oil showed significantly decreased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), insulin, leptin and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) concentrations after 4 weeks of the feeding study. Although a significant decrease in total plasma cholesterol was observed in rats fed the 5% adlay oil diet, no significant difference was observed between the 10% adlay oil and control groups, and neither was a significant difference in liver TBARS concentration found between the dietary groups. Results from this study suggest that dietary adlay oil can reduce leptin, adipose tissue and LDL-C levels in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- B W Huang
- Graduate Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Kim SO, Yun SJ, Jung B, Lee EH, Hahm DH, Shim I, Lee HJ. Hypolipidemic effects of crude extract of adlay seed (Coix lachrymajobi var. mayuen) in obesity rat fed high fat diet: relations of TNF-alpha and leptin mRNA expressions and serum lipid levels. Life Sci 2004; 75:1391-404. [PMID: 15234196 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2004.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2003] [Accepted: 03/09/2004] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To find out whether the expressions of these adipocyte markers are influenced by oriental medicine, obesity rats induced by high fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks were injected with 50 mg/100 g body weight adlay seed crude extract (ACE), daily for 4 weeks. The results are summarized as follows: HFD + ACE group significantly reduced food intakes and body weights. Weights of epididymal and peritoneal fat were dramatically increased in HFD groups compared with those of normal diet (ND) group but significantly decreased more in HFD + ACE group than those of HFD + saline group (sham). Those of brown adipocytes were increased in HFD + ACE group compared to ND and sham groups but there was no significant difference. The sizes in white adipose tissue (WAT) by microscope were markedly larger in HFD groups than ND group but considerably reduced in HFD + ACE group compared with sham group. The levels of triglyceride, total-cholesterol and leptin in blood serum were significantly decreased in HFD + ACE group compared to those of sham group. Leptin and TNF-alpha mRNA expressions in WAT of rats were remarkably increased more in sham group than in those of ND group. Those of HFD + ACE group were significantly decreased compared with those of sham group, especially. TNF-alpha mRNA expression in HFD + ACE group was declined more than that of ND group. In conclusion, treatments of ACE modulated expressions of leptin and TNF-alpha and reduced body weights, food intake, fat size, adipose tissue mass and serum hyperlipidemia in obesity rat fed HFD. Accordingly, the oriental medicine extract, adlay seed crude extract, can be considered for obesity therapies controlling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Ok Kim
- Department of Oriental Medical Science, Graduate School of East West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, 1 Seochon-ri, Kiheung-eup, Yongin-shi, Kyungki-do 449-701, South Korea
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Kuo CC, Shih MC, Kuo YH, Chiang W. Antagonism of free-radical-induced damage of adlay seed and its antiproliferative effect in human histolytic lymphoma U937 monocytic cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2001; 49:1564-1570. [PMID: 11312897 DOI: 10.1021/jf001215v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The goal of our current research was to investigate the antioxidative effects of methanolic extracts from different parts of adlay seed and their antiproliferative activity in malignant human cells. The methanolic extracts from different parts of adlay seeds were from the hull (AHM), testa (ATM), bran (ABM), and polished adlay (PAM). AHM exhibited greater capacity to scavenge superoxide anion radicals in the PMS-NADH system than ATM, ABM, or PAM. The scavenging capacities of AHM and ATM on hydrogen peroxides were about 20% at a dose of 250 microg/mL. Using the method of deoxyribose degradation to assess damage caused by hydroxyl radicals, AHM was found to inhibit damage in deoxyribose at a higher concentration. However, ATM, ABM, and PAM exhibited prooxidative activity at the same concentration. The inhibitory effect on enzymatic oxidation of xanthine to uric acid was found to follow the order AHM > ATM =. ABM. However, PAM was inactive. All test samples were positive for inhibition of TPA-induced free radical formation on neutrophil-like leukocytes and were found to follow the order AHM > ATM > ABM > PAM. When human histolytic lymphoma U937 monocytic cells were exposed to tert-butyl hydroperoxide, AHM protected the cells against the cytotoxicity caused by tert-butyl hydroperoxide. In addition, AHM exhibited antiproliferative activity against human histolytic lymphoma U937 monocytic cells in a dose-dependent manner. The antiproliferative properties of AHM appear to be attributable to its induction of apoptotic cell death as determined by flow cytometry. These results show that AHM displays multiple antioxidant effects and induces apoptosis of malignant human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Chiang W, Cheng CY, Chiang MT, Chung KT. Effects of dehulled adlay on the culture count of some microbiota and their metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract of rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2000; 48:829-832. [PMID: 10725158 DOI: 10.1021/jf990473t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Experiments were conducted to study the effect of a dietary supplement of dehulled adlay (Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen Stapf) on the culture counts of some important groups of intestinal bacteria and their metabolism in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were divided into four groups, and each group was fed a diet containing different levels of dehulled adlay for 30 days as follows: 0% (control), 5%, 20%, and 40%. All animals fed with adlay had normal healthy intestinal walls and no pathogenic signs whatsoever. There were no significant differences in body weight gain or the cecal pH between different groups of rats. Both the 20% and 40% groups had lower culture counts of enterics in their feces than the 5% and control groups, whereas the culture counts of fecal lactic acid bacteria were higher in feces of rats fed with adlay than in the control group. Cecal total short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) content and fecal SCFA were significantly higher in the 20% and 40% groups than in the control and 5% groups. All the adlay-fed rats had a higher fecal butyric acid concentration than the control rats. It is concluded that adlay has a significant influence on the growth of intestinal bacteria, which may ultimately affect the physiology and other functions of GI tracts of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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