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Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate a multi-endpoint cytotoxicity screening method using V79 cells based on four different endpoints of cytotoxicity: trypan blue exclusion, reduction of XTT, neutral red uptake and total protein content. In addition, cell morphology was routinely observed after each treatment. Seven compounds were studied, which can be divided into five classes: protein synthesis inhibitors (cycloheximide, actinomycin D); inhibitors of cell division (bleomycin, vincristine); membrane-active compounds (Triton X-100); lysosomotropic agents (ammonium chloride); and general toxicants (sodium chloride). We obtained a variety of different toxicity profiles, which may be useful in defining the mechanisms of toxic action of these compounds. The multi-endpoint screening system proved to be readily applicable, robust and rapid, and gave reliable toxicity results over a wide range of chemical concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Renzi
- Italfarmaco Research Centre, via Dei Lavoratori 54, 20092 Ciniselo Balsamo, Milan, Italy
| | - Marinella Valtolina
- Italfarmaco Research Centre, via Dei Lavoratori 54, 20092 Ciniselo Balsamo, Milan, Italy
| | - Roy Forster
- Italfarmaco Research Centre, via Dei Lavoratori 54, 20092 Ciniselo Balsamo, Milan, Italy
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Ponsoda X, Núñez C, Castell JV, Gómez-Lechón MJ. Evaluation of the Cytotoxic Effects of MEIC Chemicals 31–50 on Primary Culture of Rat Hepatocytes and Hepatic and Non-hepatic Cell Lines. Altern Lab Anim 1997. [DOI: 10.1177/026119299702500405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The cytotoxicities of 20 chemicals (numbers 31–50) from the Multicenter Evaluation of In Vitro Cytotoxicity (MEIC) programme were assessed with a primary culture of rat hepatocytes and with two hepatic cell lines (Hep G2 and FaO) and one non-hepatic cell line (3T3). The cytotoxicities of the chemicals were evaluated by using the MTT test after the cells had been exposed to the chemicals for 24 hours. For a better evaluation of results, dose–response curves were mathematically linearised and cytotoxicity was expressed as IC50 values and IC10 values (the concentration causing 50% and 10% loss of cell viability, respectively). We found that all the compounds showed similar acute basal cytotoxicity in all four cellular systems (regardless of whether the cells were, or were not, metabolically competent or were or were not of human origin). When these results were used to predicit human toxicity in terms of a mathematical parameter (prediction error [PE]), we found that all four systems gave similar predictions of human toxicity. The best cytotoxicity parameter included in the PE calculation was the IC50/10, because of an underestimation of human toxicity by in vitro systems. However, when PEs were calculated for rodent toxicity, better results were obtained. Data from the literature obtained by using other experimental models for predicting human toxicity were analysed according to the same criteria. We conclude that cellular systems are better predictive tools for human toxicity than are prokaryotic cells or whole-organism models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Ponsoda
- Departament de Parasitologia i Biologia Cellular, Facultat de Ciències Biològiques, Universitat de València, Avda Dr Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
- Unidad de Hepatología Experimental, Centro de Investigatión, Hospital La Fe, Avda Campanar 21, 46009 Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Núñez
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de València, Avda Blasco Ibáñez 10, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - José Vicente Castell
- Unidad de Hepatología Experimental, Centro de Investigatión, Hospital La Fe, Avda Campanar 21, 46009 Valencia, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de València, Avda Blasco Ibáñez 10, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria José Gómez-Lechón
- Unidad de Hepatología Experimental, Centro de Investigatión, Hospital La Fe, Avda Campanar 21, 46009 Valencia, Spain
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