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Li G, Xie C, Wang Q, Wan D, Zhang Y, Wu X, Yin Y. Uridine/UMP metabolism and their function on the gut in segregated early weaned piglets. Food Funct 2020; 10:4081-4089. [PMID: 31231750 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00360f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Uridine monophosphate (UMP) is a major nucleotide analogue in mammalian milk and uridine (UR) is its gastro-intestinal metabolite in vivo. This study aims to investigate the functional effects of UMP and UR on the gut in vitro and in vivo. Twenty-one piglets were randomly allotted into three groups, the control group, UMP group and UR group, and orally administered UMP or UR for 10 days. Results showed that UMP and UR supplements improved the ADG of piglets, and decreased the diarrhea rate. UR increased the jejunum villus length/crypt depth ratio, Claudin-3 and E-cadherin expression, and the pyrimidine nucleotide metabolic enzymes including CMPK1, RRM2, UPRT, CTPS1 and CTPS2 in the duodenal mucosa. Both the UMP and UR decreased the expression of CAD and RRM2 at the jejunal mucosa. Moreover, UMP and UR increased the apoptosis ratio of intestinal epithelial cells in in vivo and in vitro experiments. Taken together, oral administration of UR and UMP could improve the small intestinal morphology, promote epithelial cell apoptosis and renewal of intestinal villus tips, and benefit intestinal development and health thus improving the growth performance and reducing the risk of diarrhea in early-weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanya Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha 410125, China. and Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Safety Animal Production; College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Chunyan Xie
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Safety Animal Production; College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Qinhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha 410125, China. and Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Safety Animal Production; College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Dan Wan
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha 410125, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Meiya Haian pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Hai'an 226600, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha 410125, China. and Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Safety Animal Production; College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China and Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha 410125, China. and Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Safety Animal Production; College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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Bierau J, van Gennip AH, Helleman J, van Kuilenburg AB. The cytostatic- and differentiation-inducing effects of cyclopentenyl cytosine on neuroblastoma cell lines. Biochem Pharmacol 2001; 62:1099-105. [PMID: 11597578 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-2952(01)00756-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the effects of cyclopentenyl cytosine (CPEC) on the proliferation and cell-cycle distribution of the SK-N-BE(2)c and SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cell lines, as well as their ability to recover from treatment with CPEC. The IC50 value of SK-N-BE(2)c for CPEC, determined after 48 hr was 80 nM. SK-N-BE(2)c cells showed a time- and concentration-dependent accumulation in the S-phase of the cell cycle after 2 and 3 days of incubation with 50-250 nM CPEC, followed by a G0/G1-phase arrest after 4 days. After incubation with 50 nM CPEC for 2 days, SK-N-BE(2)c cells fully recovered and resumed logarithmic proliferation. In contrast, a complete and persistent growth arrest occurred when SK-N-BE(2)c cells were incubated for 2 days with 100 or 250 nM CPEC. The IC50 value of SK-N-SH, determined after 48 hr, for CPEC was > or =1 microM. SK-N-SH cells incubated with 250 nM or 1 microM CPEC showed a time-dependent accumulation in the S-phase of the cell cycle, followed by an accumulation in the G0/G1-phase, which reached a maximum of 84.1% after 7 days of incubation with 1 microM CPEC. SK-N-SH cells did not resume proliferation after removal of the drug. In addition, CPEC strongly induced differentiation in SK-N-SH cells. After 48 hr incubation with 250 nM CPEC, 90% of the cell population was differentiated. Both neuronal type and Schwannian type cells were observed. We conclude that at very low concentrations, CPEC has profound cytostatic- and differentiation-inducing effects on the neuroblastoma cells studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bierau
- Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Emma Children's Hospital and Department of Clinical Chemistry, P.O. Box 22700, 1100 DE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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van Kuilenburg AB, Meinsma R, Vreken P, Waterham HR, van Gennip AH. Identification of a cDNA encoding an isoform of human CTP synthetase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2000; 1492:548-52. [PMID: 10899599 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4781(00)00141-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A full-length cDNA clone encoding an isoform of human CTP synthetase (type II) was isolated. A 1761-nucleotide open reading frame which corresponds to a protein of 586 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 65678 Da was identified. The predicted protein sequence showed 74% identity with the translation product of a previously identified human CTP synthetase cDNA clone (type I). The function of the human cDNA encoding type II CTP synthetase was verified by successful complementation of the cytidine-requiring CTP synthetase deficient mutant JF618 of Escherichia coli. The gene encoding type II CTP synthetase has been localized on chromosome Xp22.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B van Kuilenburg
- Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Emma Children's Hospital and Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, PO Box 22700, 1100 DE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Whelan J, Phear G, Yamauchi M, Meuth M. Clustered base substitutions in CTP synthetase conferring drug resistance in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Nat Genet 1993; 3:317-22. [PMID: 7981751 DOI: 10.1038/ng0493-317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Dominantly acting mutations that eliminate the allosteric regulation of CTP synthetase confer a form of multidrug resistance and a mutator phenotype to cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells. Mutations responsible for this phenotype have been identified in 23 independent strains selected for resistance to arabinosyl cytosine and 5-fluorouracil. All these mutations were due to base substitutions at seven sites within a highly conserved region of the ctps gene. This clustering should make it feasible to assess the role of such mutations in the development of drug resistance encountered in the treatment of malignant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Whelan
- Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Clare Hall Laboratories, South Mimms, Hertfordshire, UK
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Yamauchi M, Seki N, Hori T. Rapid preparation of diagnostic probes for the fragile X syndrome by direct PCR amplification of human chromosomal DNA. THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS 1992; 37:195-203. [PMID: 1472701 DOI: 10.1007/bf01900713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The fragile X syndrome is a common familial form of mental retardation and is associated with a rare fragile site at Xq27.3 (FRAXA). This disorder has recently been reported to correlate with length variations of restriction genomic DNA fragments which may due to the amplification of (CCG)n trinucleotide repeats located at the FRAXA locus. We described here a rapid preparation method of diagnostic DNA probes for the fragile X syndrome by direct enzymatic amplification of human chromosomal DNA. The PstI-assay, which is Southern blot analysis of DNA samples probed by PCR products, was shown to be sensitive method for diagnostic purposes to detect the size variations specific in the fragile X syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yamauchi
- Division of Genetics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
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Takahashi E, Yamauchi M, Tsuji H, Hitomi A, Meuth M, Hori T. Chromosome mapping of the human cytidine-5'-triphosphate synthetase (CTPS) gene to band 1p34.1-p34.3 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Hum Genet 1991; 88:119-21. [PMID: 1959918 DOI: 10.1007/bf00204942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The human cytidine-5'-triphosphate synthetase (CTPS) gene was mapped by a direct mapping system combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization and replicated prometaphase R-bands. By high-resolution banding analysis, the signals were localized to band 34.1-34.3 of the short arm of chromosome 1; 1p34.1-p34.3. Simple procedures for the detection of R-bands are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Takahashi
- Division of Genetics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
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