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Association of Breed of Sheep or Goats with Somatic Cell Counts and Total Bacterial Counts of Bulk-Tank Milk. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11167356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective was to describe potential associations of somatic cell counts (SCC) and total bacterial counts (TBC) in bulk-tank milk from sheep and goat farms with breeds of these animals in Greece. In total, 325 dairy sheep flocks and 119 dairy goat herds were visited for the collection of milk; the breed of animals in farms was evaluated for a potential association with SCC or TBC. The most frequently seen sheep breeds were the Lacaune (95 flocks) and the Chios (44 flocks). The most frequently seen goat breeds were the indigenous Greek (Capra prisca) (50 herds) and the Murciano-Granadina (13 herds). In a multivariable analysis, the breed and the application of machine-milking in sheep flocks, and the breed and the management system in goat herds emerged as significant factors for increased SCC (>0.75 × 106 cells mL−1) in bulk-tank milk. Further, the month of lactation at sampling in sheep flocks emerged a significant factor for increased TBC (>1500 × 103 cfu mL−1) in bulk-tank milk.
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Podhorecká K, Borková M, Šulc M, Seydlová R, Dragounová H, Švejcarová M, Peroutková J, Elich O. Somatic Cell Count in Goat Milk: An Indirect Quality Indicator. Foods 2021; 10:foods10051046. [PMID: 34064642 PMCID: PMC8150430 DOI: 10.3390/foods10051046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A high somatic cell count (SCC) impacts dairy quality to a large extent. The goal of this work was to investigate differences in goat milk composition and technological parameters according to SCC cut-off (600, 700, 800, and 1000.103/mL). Thirty-four individual milk samples of White Shorthair goats in a similar stage of lactation were investigated. The first differences in milk quality appeared already at SCC cut-off of 600.103/mL (5.58 LSCS-linear somatic cell score), yet the most striking differences were found for SCC over 1000.103/mL (6.32 LSCS), which was expressed by lowering heat stability (126 vs. 217 s, p = 0.034), increasing protein (3.41 vs. 3.04%, p = 0.009), casein (2.80 vs. 2.44%, p = 0.034) and chloride (164 vs. 147 mg/100 mL, p = 0.004) levels, as well as non-fat dry matter (8.79 vs. 8.45%, p = 0.045). It has been shown that low levels of Staphylococcus spp. bacteria (120-1600 CFU/mL) in the mammary gland correlated with decreased lactose content (4.60 vs. 4.47 g/100 g, p = 0.022). Since our results indicate that even low SCC values may significantly affect the technological properties of goat milk, SCC should therefore be routinely screened and reported to dairy manufacturers to assure the consumer of high end-product quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klára Podhorecká
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
| | - Markéta Borková
- Dairy Research Institute, Ke Dvoru 12a, 16000 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.B.); (R.S.); (H.D.); (M.Š.); (J.P.); (O.E.)
| | - Miloslav Šulc
- Food Research Institute Prague, Radiova 1285, 10200 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Růžena Seydlová
- Dairy Research Institute, Ke Dvoru 12a, 16000 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.B.); (R.S.); (H.D.); (M.Š.); (J.P.); (O.E.)
| | - Hedvika Dragounová
- Dairy Research Institute, Ke Dvoru 12a, 16000 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.B.); (R.S.); (H.D.); (M.Š.); (J.P.); (O.E.)
| | - Martina Švejcarová
- Dairy Research Institute, Ke Dvoru 12a, 16000 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.B.); (R.S.); (H.D.); (M.Š.); (J.P.); (O.E.)
| | - Jitka Peroutková
- Dairy Research Institute, Ke Dvoru 12a, 16000 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.B.); (R.S.); (H.D.); (M.Š.); (J.P.); (O.E.)
| | - Ondřej Elich
- Dairy Research Institute, Ke Dvoru 12a, 16000 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.B.); (R.S.); (H.D.); (M.Š.); (J.P.); (O.E.)
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Ludwiczak A, Składanowska-Baryza J, Kuczyńska B, Stanisz M. Hycole Doe Milk Properties and Kit Growth. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10020214. [PMID: 32012962 PMCID: PMC7070429 DOI: 10.3390/ani10020214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The rabbits used on the commercial rabbit farms for the production of rabbit fryers are crosses of synthetic lines, such as Hycole. The maternal rabbit lines are selected not only for high number of kits but also for high production of milk. The goal of the presented study is related to the lack of complex data on the quality of rabbit milk, though this milk determines the nutritional status of kits in the suckling period as well as body weight gains and survival of rabbit kits. There are data on the milk yield of rabbit does and the milk proximal chemical composition, but the hygienic quality of this milk (somatic cell count) and its relationship with milk yield, kits survival, and weight gains is an unanswered question. The presented findings show the significant relationship between litter size, which has a clear effect on the milk production, as well as litter weight. Also shown is that the day of lactation affected the physiochemical traits of rabbit milk. Abstract The level of production and the physiochemical traits of rabbit milk affect the growth and the mortality of bunnies during lactation. The goal of the study was to analyze the effect of litter size and day of lactation on the quality traits of rabbit milk, milk production, and associative traits. The study was conducted on 32 Hycole does and their litters. The rabbit milk pH ranged from 6.61 to 7.46. The colostrum was characterized by the highest content of total solids (31.54 and 31.80 g kg−1) and fat content (15.73 and 15.9 g kg−1). The milk from the beginning of the lactation was characterized by the highest level of somatic cell count (SCC) (523.67 and 536.57 103 mL−1), which gradually decreased to reach the lowest level on days 17 and 21 of lactation. The daily milk production was greater for does nursing 10 kits per litter compared to those nursing eight kits per litter (p < 0.001). The peak of milk production occurred on day 17 postpartum. To conclude, the litter size has a clear effect on milk production as well as litter weight and litter weight gains. It is also important to note that the day of lactation affected the physiochemical traits of rabbit milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Ludwiczak
- Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Słoneczna 1, 62-002 Suchy Las, Poland; (J.S.-B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Joanna Składanowska-Baryza
- Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Słoneczna 1, 62-002 Suchy Las, Poland; (J.S.-B.)
| | - Beata Kuczyńska
- Animal Breeding Department, Faculty of Animal Breeding, Bioengineering and Conservation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Marek Stanisz
- Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Słoneczna 1, 62-002 Suchy Las, Poland; (J.S.-B.)
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Clark S, Mora García MB. A 100-Year Review: Advances in goat milk research. J Dairy Sci 2018; 100:10026-10044. [PMID: 29153153 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the century of research chronicled between 1917 and 2017, dairy goats have gone from simply serving as surrogates to cows to serving as transgenic carriers of human enzymes. Goat milk has been an important part of human nutrition for millennia, in part because of the greater similarity of goat milk to human milk, softer curd formation, higher proportion of small milk fat globules, and different allergenic properties compared with cow milk; however, key nutritional deficiencies limit its suitability for infants. Great attention has been given not only to protein differences between goat and cow milk, but also to fat and enzyme differences, and their effect on the physical and sensory properties of goat milk and milk products. Physiological differences between the species necessitate different techniques for analysis of somatic cell counts, which are naturally higher in goat milk. The high value of goat milk throughout the world has generated a need for a variety of techniques to detect adulteration of goat milk products with cow milk. Advances in all of these areas have been largely documented in the Journal of Dairy Science (JDS), and this review summarizes such advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Clark
- Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames 50011-0152.
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Peixoto RDM, Araújo RDMP, Peixoto LJES, Rocha WS, Sá MDCAD, Costa MMD. COMPOSIÇÃO DO LEITE DE CABRAS SAANEN INFECTADAS EXPERIMENTALMENTE COM Staphylococcus aureus E SUBMETIDAS A DOIS PROTOCOLOS DE TRATAMENTO. CIÊNCIA ANIMAL BRASILEIRA 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1089-6891v17i334876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo: Neste estudo, objetivou-se avaliar a composição química do leite após a infecção e tratamento da mastite induzida por S. Aureus. Foram utilizadas 10 fêmeas caprinas da raça Saanen. Fez-se a infecção experimental em 20 glândulas mamárias, formando-se quatro grupos experimentais, sendo cada um composto por cinco glândulas mamárias. Um grupo foi tratado com antimicrobiano comercial e outro com pomada à base de extrato natural de planta. Os demais grupos foram constituídos controles. Os valores obtidos para gordura, lactose, proteína, sólidos totais e produção leiteira foram analisados ao longo dos momentos experimentais, comparando-os entre si e entre os grupos experimentais. A mastite foi diagnosticada 24 horas pós inoculação, utilizando-se a lactocultura. Os animais não apresentaram alterações nos parâmetros clínicos avaliados. Para os percentuais de gordura, proteína e sólidos totais, observou-se uma elevação ao longo dos momentos experimentais, sem variação entre os grupos experimentais. Tendo em vista a importância da terapia antimicrobiana convencional e a crescente utilização de antimicrobianos naturais, os resultados obtidos mostram igualdade entre as duas opções terapêuticas, principalmente no aspecto de manutenção dos principais componentes do leite.
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Verraes C, Claeys W, Cardoen S, Daube G, De Zutter L, Imberechts H, Dierick K, Herman L. A review of the microbiological hazards of raw milk from animal species other than cows. Int Dairy J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2014.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Barrón-Bravo O, Gutiérrez-Chávez A, Ángel-Sahagún C, Montaldo H, Shepard L, Valencia-Posadas M. Losses in milk yield, fat and protein contents according to different levels of somatic cell count in dairy goats. Small Rumin Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Králíčková Š, Kuchtík J, Filipčík R, Lužová T, Šustová K. Effect of chosen factors on milk yield, basic composition and somatic cell count of organic milk of Brown short-haired goats. ACTA UNIVERSITATIS AGRICULTURAE ET SILVICULTURAE MENDELIANAE BRUNENSIS 2013. [DOI: 10.11118/actaun201361010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Gaiato A, Delgado T, Negrão J. Qualidade e quantidade do leite produzido por cabras da raça Saanen submetidas a estresse por três dias consecutivos. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-09352012000500039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Estudou-se o efeito do estresse fisiológico, via administração pontual de ACTH, sobre os níveis de cortisol e a quantidade e qualidade do leite produzido. Para tanto, 12 cabras da raça Saanen foram alocadas em dois grupos experimentais: o grupo ACTH recebeu 0,6 UI de ACTH/kg PV, e o grupo placebo recebeu solução placebo. A produção de leite, os percentuais de proteína, gordura e lactose e a contagem de células somáticas (CCS) do leite foram mensurados antes, durante e após a administração de ACTH e do placebo. Simultaneamente à administração de ACTH e placebo por três dias consecutivos, foram realizadas colheitas de sangue para mensuração dos teores de cortisol. Nos tempos -30 e zero, ambos os grupos apresentaram concentrações basais de cortisol. O aumento nos níveis de cortisol foi significativo nos tempos 60min (grupo ACTH: 59,00±5,70 e grupo placebo: 5,23±1,37ng/mL) e 120min (grupo ACTH: 47,96±9,72 e grupo placebo: 4,38±1,14ng/mL), pois a concentração de cortisol foi maior no grupo ACTH. Os valores retornaram ao basal no tempo 300min. Não houve diferenças na produção leiteira entre os grupos ACTH e placebo, tampouco de proteína, gordura, lactose e CCS do leite dos grupos, portanto o estresse induzido por três dias consecutivos não trouxe prejuízos à produção.
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Simensen E, Hardeng F, Lunder T. Housing of Norwegian goat herds and associations with milk yield and milk quality. ACTA AGR SCAND A-AN 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/09064702.2010.509809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Chen SX, Wang JZ, Van Kessel JS, Ren FZ, Zeng SS. Effect of somatic cell count in goat milk on yield, sensory quality, and fatty acid profile of semisoft cheese. J Dairy Sci 2010; 93:1345-54. [PMID: 20338411 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2009-2366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2009] [Accepted: 12/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of somatic cell count (SCC) in goat milk on yield, free fatty acid (FFA) profile, and sensory quality of semisoft cheese. Sixty Alpine goats without evidence of clinical mastitis were assigned to 3 groups with milk SCC level of <500,000 (low), 500,000 to 1,000,000 (medium), and 1,000,000 to 1,500,000 (high) cells/mL. Thirty kilograms of goat milk with mean SCC levels of 410,000 (low), 770,000 (medium), and 1,250,000 (high) cells/mL was obtained for the manufacture of semisoft cheese for 2 consecutive weeks in 3 lactation stages. The composition of milk was analyzed and cheese yield was recorded on d 1. Cheese samples on d 1, 60, and 120 were analyzed for total sensory scores, flavor, and body and texture by a panel of 3 expert judges and were also analyzed for FFA. Results indicated that milk composition did not change when milk SCC varied from 214,000 to 1,450,000 cells/mL. Milk with higher SCC had a lower standard plate count, whereas coliform count and psychrotrophic bacteria count were not affected. However, milk components (fat, protein, lactose, casein, and total solids) among the 3 groups were similar. As a result, no significant differences in the yield of semisoft goat cheeses were detected. However, total sensory scores and body and texture scores for cheeses made from the high SCC milk were lower than those for cheeses made from the low and medium SCC milks. The difference in milk SCC levels also resulted in diverse changes in cheese texture (hardness, springiness, and so on) and FFA profiles. Individual and total FFA increased significantly during ripening, regardless the SCC levels. It is concluded that SCC in goat milk did not affect the yield of semisoft cheese but did result in inferior sensory quality of aged cheeses.
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Affiliation(s)
- S X Chen
- E (Kika) de la Garza American Institute for Goat Research, Langston University, Langston, OK 73050, USA
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Fadda M, Viale S, Deplano M, Pisano M, Cosentino S. Characterization of yeast population and molecular fingerprinting of Candida zeylanoides isolated from goat's milk collected in Sardinia. Int J Food Microbiol 2010; 136:376-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2009] [Revised: 09/10/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Koop G, Nielen M, van Werven T. Bulk milk somatic cell counts are related to bulk milk total bacterial counts and several herd-level risk factors in dairy goats. J Dairy Sci 2009; 92:4355-64. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2009-2106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Delgado-Pertíñez M, Guzmán-Guerrero J, Mena Y, Castel J, González-Redondo P, Caravaca F. Influence of kid rearing systems on milk yield, kid growth and cost of Florida dairy goats. Small Rumin Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2008.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sahlu T, Dawson LJ, Gipson TA, Hart SP, Merkel RC, Puchala R, Wang Z, Zeng S, Goetsch AL. ASAS Centennial Paper: Impact of animal science research on United States goat production and predictions for the future. J Anim Sci 2009; 87:400-18. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2008-1291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Güler Z. Levels of 24 minerals in local goat milk, its strained yoghurt and salted yoghurt (tuzlu yoğurt). Small Rumin Res 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2006.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Ereifej K. Characteristics of Milk, Cheddar-Like and White Cheese Obtained from Three Goat Phenotypes during Three Lactation Periods. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10942910600596548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Dimassi O, Hinrichs J, Zárate AV. Cheese production potential of milk from Dahlem Cashmere goats using a cheese simulation method. Small Rumin Res 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2005.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Albenzio M, Caroprese M, Marino R, Muscio A, Santillo A, Sevi A. Characteristics of Garganica goat milk and Cacioricotta cheese. Small Rumin Res 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2005.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Effect of the stage of lactation on somatic cell counts in healthy goats (Caprae hircus) breed in Brazil. Small Rumin Res 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2005.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Opinion of the Scientific Panel on biological hazards (BIOHAZ) on the usefulness of somatic cell counts for safety of milk and milk derived products from goats. EFSA J 2005. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2005.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Soryal K, Beyene F, Zeng S, Bah B, Tesfai K. Effect of goat breed and milk composition on yield, sensory quality, fatty acid concentration of soft cheese during lactation. Small Rumin Res 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2004.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Influence of different factors in milk production on standard plate count of raw small ruminant's bulk-tank milk in Switzerland. Small Rumin Res 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2004.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Dimassi O, Neidhart S, Carle R, Mertz L, Migliore G, Mané-Bielfeldt A, Zárate AV. Cheese production potential of milk of Dahlem Cashmere goats from a rheological point of view. Small Rumin Res 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2004.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Morgan F, Massouras T, Barbosa M, Roseiro L, Ravasco F, Kandarakis I, Bonnin V, Fistakoris M, Anifantakis E, Jaubert G, Raynal-Ljutovac K. Characteristics of goat milk collected from small and medium enterprises in Greece, Portugal and France. Small Rumin Res 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0921-4488(02)00252-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Delgado-Pertiñez M, Alcalde M, Guzmán-Guerrero J, Castel J, Mena Y, Caravaca F. Effect of hygiene-sanitary management on goat milk quality in semi-extensive systems in Spain. Small Rumin Res 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0921-4488(02)00239-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
This article presents an overview of the recent research into ovine and caprine mastitis. The common clinical presentations of mastitis in these species are reviewed, as are the important etiologic agents and their significance. The interpretation of somatic cell counts and surrogate tests, factors that affect somatic cell count levels, and association of somatic cell count levels with productivity are reviewed. Investigations into the treatment and prevention of mastitis and milking equipment function are discussed, and comments are made on the public health implications of extra label drug use and the consumption of unpasteurized milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- P I Menzies
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
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Abstract
Este estudo foi conduzido visando comparar diferentes métodos usados para contagem de células somáticas (CCS) em leite de vaca e determinar qual estimaria com acurácia a contagem de células somáticas do leite de cabra. Quinze amostras de leite de cabra foram avaliadas pela microscopia direta, por citometria de fluxo, usando o aparelho Somacount 300, e pelo Wisconsin Mastitis Test (WMT). Os resultados foram, respectivamente, 6,07 log CCS/ml; 6,08 log CCS/ml e 5,54 log CCS/ml. A CCS média obtida pelo Somacount 300 foi similar (P>0,05) à contagem pela microscopia direta, enquanto o WMT subestimou a CCS do leite de cabra.
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Sung Y, Wu T, Wang P. Evaluation of milk quality of Alpine, Nubian, Saanen and Toggenburg breeds in Taiwan. Small Rumin Res 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0921-4488(98)00201-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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