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Tzortzi I, Joundi I, Kavousanakis M, Spyriouni T, Bampouli A, Michaud G, Van Gerven T, Stefanidis GD. Tailoring Waterborne Coating Rheology with Hydrophobically Modified Ethoxylated Urethanes (HEURs): Molecular Architecture Insights Supported by CG-MD Simulations. Ind Eng Chem Res 2024; 63:10009-10026. [PMID: 38911482 PMCID: PMC11190988 DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.4c00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
A novel investigation of the effects of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments of hydrophobically modified ethoxylated urethanes (HEURs) on the rheological properties of their aqueous solutions, latex-based emulsions, and waterborne paints is demonstrated. Different HEUR thickeners were produced by varying the poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) molecular weight and terminal hydrophobic size. Results reveal that the strength of hydrophobic associations and, consequently, the rheological properties of HEUR formulations can be effectively controlled by modifying the structure of the hydrophobic segment, specifically, the combination of diisocyanate and monoalcohol. This allows for the on-demand attainment of diverse rheological behaviors ranging from predominantly Newtonian profiles exhibiting lower viscosities to markedly pseudoplastic behaviors with significantly higher viscosities. The length of the hydrophilic group appears to affect viscosity only marginally up to a molecular weight of 23,000 g/mol, with more notable effects at 33,000 g/mol. Additionally, it was indicated that the rheological responses observed in water solutions provide a reliable forecast of their behavior in latex-based emulsions and waterborne paints. Coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CG-MD) simulations were also applied to gain insight into HEUR micelle dynamics in aqueous solutions. Guided by the DBSCAN algorithm, the simulations successfully captured the concentration-dependent behavior and the impact of hydrophilic chain length, aligning with the experimental viscosity trends. Various metrics were employed to provide a comprehensive analysis of the micellization process, including the hydrophobic cluster volume, the total micellar volume, the aggregation number, and the number of chains interconnecting with other micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Tzortzi
- School
of Chemical Engineering National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytecneiou 9, Zografou Campus, Athens 157 80, Greece
| | | | - Michail Kavousanakis
- School
of Chemical Engineering National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytecneiou 9, Zografou Campus, Athens 157 80, Greece
| | | | - Ariana Bampouli
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven B-3001, Belgium
| | | | - Tom Van Gerven
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven B-3001, Belgium
| | - Georgios D. Stefanidis
- School
of Chemical Engineering National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytecneiou 9, Zografou Campus, Athens 157 80, Greece
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2
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Krishnamurthy S, Parthasarathy G, Larson RG, Mani E. Brownian dynamics simulations of telechelic polymer - latex suspensions under steady shear. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:2949-2961. [PMID: 37013798 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00016h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We carry out coarse-grained Brownian dynamics simulations of shearing flow of a colloidal suspension bridged by telechelic polymers with "sticky" end groups and vary sticker strength ε over a range from 3 to 12 in units of kBT, motivated by an interest in simulating the rheology of latex paints. The most extensive results are obtained for dumbbells, but the trends are confirmed for 3-bead trumbbells and chains of up to 11 beads. The numbers of colloids and of polymers are also varied over a wide range to confirm trends established for smaller, more computationally affordable, systems. The dynamics are the result of an interplay of the shear rate and three different times scales: the time τBridge for a sticker on a bridging chain to be released from a particle surface, which scales as exp(0.77ε), the time for the polymer chain to relax, τR, which scales as the square of polymer chain length, and the time τD for a colloid to diffuse a distance comparable to its own radius, R, which scales as R3. The scalings of the bridge-to-loop and loop-to-bridge times namely τBL ∝ exp (0.75ε) and τLB ∝ exp (0.71ε), are similar to those of τBridge, for ε values above around 5 kBT, because of the relatively short chains considered here (i.e., 60 Kuhn steps). However, τR becomes more dominant for longer chains, as shown by Travitz and Larson. The zero-shear viscosity η0 is estimated from the Green-Kubo relation, and found to scale as exp (0.69ε), similar to that of τBridge. A weak influence of η0 on τD is observed, with the influence expected to become stronger when τD becomes larger, as shown previously by Wang and Larson. At shear rates in the nonlinear regime, shear-thinning is found with exponents ≈ -0.10 to -0.60, and the first normal stress difference is positive, consistent with some of the experimental data of Chatterjee et al. on model latex paint formulations. The weakness of the shear thinning, relative to that of hydrophobically modified ethoxylated urethane (HEUR) solutions without colloids, is likely due to the observed insensitivity of the loop-to-bridge and bridge-to-loop transition times to the imposed shear rate. This preliminary study provides the first mesoscale simulations of these suspensions, useful for assessing and improving both more accurate multi-scale models and eventually constitutive equations for these complex suspensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Krishnamurthy
- Polymer Engineering and Colloid Science Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
| | - Gopal Parthasarathy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Ronald G Larson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Ethayaraja Mani
- Polymer Engineering and Colloid Science Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
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3
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Gu C, Du Z, Ouyang X, Xiang H, Zhu M, Luo J, LIU G. Pinching Dynamics of Telechelic Associating and Coupling Polymers. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Changpeng Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zhukang Du
- Dongguan Computer Center, Dongguan 523000, China
| | - Xikai Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Hengxue Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jintian Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - GengXin LIU
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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4
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Barmar M, Kaffashi B. Rheological Behavior of HEUR Mixtures in Aqueous Media. INT POLYM PROC 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/ipp-2007-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Three S-G HEUR thickeners were synthesized by a step growth polymerization technique of poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) and dicyclohexylmethane – 4,40-diisocyanate (H12MDI) and then end capped with two monofunctional aliphatic alcohols. These polymers were mixed together according to the hydrophilic and hydrophobic nature of their segments. Based on this, two sets of associating polymers were introduced. In one set, the samples had identical hydrophobic segments while in the other one, hydrophilic segments were similar. The steady shear viscosity profiles of aqueous solutions of all models were determined. In addition, aqueous binary mixtures with various ratios of the S-G HEUR models were studied using steady state and dynamic rheometry. It is suggested that combinations of associating polymers with different size of hydrophobic segments and similar hydrophilic segments produce an associative polymer-like behavior. However, the combination of those with similar long hydrophobic segments and different hydrophilic segments at similar weight ratio in solution falls short of displaying an associative polymer – like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Barmar
- Department of Polyurethane, Fibers and Nanopolymers, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute , Tehran , Iran
| | - B. Kaffashi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran , Tehran , Iran
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5
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Du Z, Guan T, Luo J, Sun N, Ren B. Light-Induced In Situ Chain Extension and Critical Gelation of Benzophenone End-Functionalized Telechelic Associative Polymers in Aqueous Solution. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhukang Du
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Tao Guan
- School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Jintian Luo
- Center for Advanced Low Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Ning Sun
- Department of Material Technology, Jiangmen Polytechnic, Jiangmen 529090, China
| | - Biye Ren
- School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
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6
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Chen X, Du Z, Hu Y, Sun N, Ren B. Aggregation and Rheology of a Triblock Supra-amphiphilic Polymer Prepared by Ionic Self-Assembly of a Double-Hydrophilic Polyelectrolyte with an Oppositely Charged Surfactant in Aqueous Solution. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhukang Du
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yan Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ning Sun
- Department of Material Technology, Jiangmen Polytechnic, Jiangmen 529090, China
| | - Biye Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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7
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Guan T, Du Z, Peng J, Zhao D, Sun N, Ren B. Polymerizable Hydrophobically Modified Ethoxylated Urethane Acrylate Polymer: Synthesis and Viscoelastic Behavior in Aqueous Systems. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhukang Du
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Jun Peng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Dongli Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ning Sun
- Department of Material Technology, Jiangmen Polytechnic, Jiangmen 529090, China
| | - Biye Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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8
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A reactive hydrophobically modified ethoxylated urethane (HEUR) associative polymer bearing benzophenone terminal groups: Synthesis, thickening and photo-initiating reactivity. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.121552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Ibrahim MS, Valencony J, King S, Murray M, Szczygiel A, Alexander BD, Griffiths PC. Studying the interaction of hydrophobically modified ethoxylated urethane (HEUR) polymers with sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) in concentrated polymer solutions. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 529:588-598. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Du Z, Yan X, Dong R, Ke K, Ren B, Tong Z. Unusual Transient Network and Rheology of a Photoresponsive Telechelic Associative Model Polymer in Aqueous Solution Induced by Dimerization of Coumarin End Groups. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhukang Du
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiaolong Yan
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Renfeng Dong
- School
of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kang Ke
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Biye Ren
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhen Tong
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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11
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Du Z, Ren B, Chang X, Dong R, Tong Z. An End-Bifunctionalized Hydrophobically Modified Ethoxylated Urethane Model Polymer: Multiple Stimuli-Responsive Aggregation and Rheology in Aqueous Solution. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhukang Du
- School of Materials Science
and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Biye Ren
- School of Materials Science
and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xueyi Chang
- School of Materials Science
and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Renfeng Dong
- School of Materials Science
and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhen Tong
- School of Materials Science
and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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12
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Wang F, Peng J, Dong R, Chang X, Ren B, Tong Z. Highly efficient hydrophobically modified ethoxylated urethanes (HEURs) end-functionalized by two-tail dendritic hydrophobes: Synthesis, solution rheological behavior and thickening in latex. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Aggregation and Rheology of an Azobenzene-Functionalized Hydrophobically Modified Ethoxylated Urethane in Aqueous Solution. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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14
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Castillo-Tejas J, Castrejón-González O, Carro S, González-Coronel V, Alvarado J, Manero O. Associative polymers. Part III: Shear rheology from molecular dynamics. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Peng J, Dong R, Ren B, Chang X, Tong Z. Novel Hydrophobically Modified Ethoxylated Urethanes End-Capped by Percec-Type Alkyl Substituted Benzyl Alcohol Dendrons: Synthesis, Characterization, and Rheological Behavior. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma500876d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Peng
- Research Institute
of Materials Science and ‡The Key Laboratory
of Polymer Processing Engineering,
Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Renfeng Dong
- Research Institute
of Materials Science and ‡The Key Laboratory
of Polymer Processing Engineering,
Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Biye Ren
- Research Institute
of Materials Science and ‡The Key Laboratory
of Polymer Processing Engineering,
Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Xueyi Chang
- Research Institute
of Materials Science and ‡The Key Laboratory
of Polymer Processing Engineering,
Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Zhen Tong
- Research Institute
of Materials Science and ‡The Key Laboratory
of Polymer Processing Engineering,
Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
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16
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Hourdet D, Ducouret G, Varghese S, Badiger MV, Wadgaonkar PP. Thermodynamic behavior of hydrophobically modified polyacrylamide containing random distribution of hydrophobes: Experimental and theoretical investigations. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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17
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Barmar M, Barikani M. Investigation of the Thickening Efficiency of HEUR on the Behavior of Two Different Latex Types. INT POLYM PROC 2013. [DOI: 10.3139/217.2191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A hydrophobically modified ethoxylated urethane (HEUR) as a thickener was synthesized using poly (ethylene glycol), Dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H12MDI) and cethyl alcohol via step growth polymerization technique. The molecular weight of the thickener was determined by GPC, and its behavior in aqueous solution was studied. The steady shear experiments were carried out by mixture of the synthesized thickener with two resins. These resins had different nature; one with hydrophilic and the other with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic segmental structure. The result showed the type of resin can be effective in the thickening efficiency of HEUR thickener.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Barmar
- Department of Polyurethane, Fibers and Nanopolymers, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - M. Barikani
- Department of Polyurethane, Fibers and Nanopolymers, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Uneyama T, Suzuki S, Watanabe H. Concentration dependence of rheological properties of telechelic associative polymer solutions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2012; 86:031802. [PMID: 23030933 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.86.031802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We consider concentration dependence of rheological properties of associative telechelic polymer solutions. Experimental results for model telechelic polymer solutions show rather strong concentration dependence of rheological properties. For solutions with relatively high concentrations, linear viscoelasticity deviates from the single Maxwell behavior. The concentration dependence of characteristic relaxation time and moduli is different in high- and low-concentration cases. These results suggest that there are two different concentration regimes. We expect that densely connected (well percolated) networks are formed in high-concentration solutions, whereas sparsely connected (weakly percolated) networks are formed in low-concentration solutions. We propose single chain type transient network models to explain experimental results. Our models incorporate the spatial correlation effect of micellar cores and average number of elastically active chains per micellar core (the network functionality). Our models can reproduce nonsingle Maxwellian relaxation and nonlinear rheological behavior such as the shear thickening and thinning. They are qualitatively consistent with experimental results. In our models, the linear rheological behavior is mainly attributable to the difference of network structures (functionalities). The nonlinear rheological behavior is attributable to the nonlinear flow rate dependence of the spatial correlation of micellar core positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Uneyama
- JST-CREST and Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan.
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19
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Polymers for enhanced oil recovery: A paradigm for structure–property relationship in aqueous solution. Prog Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2011.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 576] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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Bhatia S, Mohr A, Mathur D, Parmar VS, Haag R, Prasad AK. Biocatalytic route to sugar-PEG-based polymers for drug delivery applications. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:3487-98. [PMID: 21834595 DOI: 10.1021/bm200647a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sugar-PEG-based polymers were synthesized by enzymatic copolymerization of 4-C-hydroxymethyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-β-L-threo-pentofuranose/4-C-hydroxymethyl-1,2-O-benzylidene-β-L-threo-pentofuranose/4-C-hydroxymethyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-3-O-pentyl-β-L-threo-pentofuranose with PEG-600 dimethyl ester using Novozyme-435 (Candida antarctica lipase immobilized on polyacrylate). Carbohydrate monomers were obtained by the multistep synthesis starting from diacetone-D-glucose and PEG-600 dimethyl ester, which was in turn obtained by the esterification of the commercially available PEG-600 diacid. Aggregation studies on the copolymers revealed that in aqueous solution those polymers bearing the hydrophobic pentyl/benzylidene moiety spontaneously self-assembled into supramolecular aggregates. The critical aggregation concentration (CAC) of polymers was determined by surface tension measurements, and the precise size of the aggregates was obtained by dynamic light scattering. The polymeric aggregates were further explored for their drug encapsulation properties in buffered aqueous solution of pH 7.4 (37 °C) using nile red as a hydrophobic model compound by means of UV/vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. There was no significant encapsulation in polymer synthesized from 4-C-hydroxymethyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-β-L-threo-pentofuranose because this sugar monomer does not contain a big hydrophobic moiety as the pentyl or the benzylidene moiety. Nile red release study was performed at pH 5.0 and 7.4 using fluorescence spectroscopy. The release of nile red from the polymer bearing benzylidene moiety and pentyl moiety was observed with a half life of 3.4 and 2.0 h, respectively at pH 5.0, whereas no release was found at pH 7.4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumati Bhatia
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India
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21
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Fantoni R, Müller-Nedebock KK. Field-theoretical approach to a dense polymer with an ideal binary mixture of clustering centers. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2011; 84:011808. [PMID: 21867206 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.84.011808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2010] [Revised: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We propose a field-theoretical approach to a polymer system immersed in an ideal mixture of clustering centers. The system contains several species of these clustering centers with different functionality, each of which connects a fixed number segments of the chain to each other. The field theory is solved using the saddle point approximation and evaluated for dense polymer melts using the random phase approximation. We find a short-ranged effective intersegment interaction with strength dependent on the average segment density and discuss the structure factor within this approximation. We also determine the fractions of linkers of the different functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Fantoni
- National Institute for Theoretical Physics and Institute of Theoretical Physics, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa.
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22
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Indei T, Takimoto JI. Linear viscoelastic properties of transient networks formed by associating polymers with multiple stickers. J Chem Phys 2010; 133:194902. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3498779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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23
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Agrawal SK, Sanabria-DeLong N, Bhatia SK, Tew GN, Bhatia SR. Energetics of association in poly(lactic acid)-based hydrogels with crystalline and nanoparticle-polymer junctions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:17330-8. [PMID: 20945859 PMCID: PMC3457807 DOI: 10.1021/la102760g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report the energetics of association in polymeric gels with two types of junction points: crystalline hydrophobic junctions and polymer-nanoparticle junctions. Time-temperature superposition (TTS) of small-amplitude oscillatory rheological measurements was used to probe crystalline poly(L-lactide) (PLLA)-based gels with and without added laponite nanoparticles. For associative polymer gels, the activation energy derived from the TTS shift factors is generally accepted as the associative strength or energy needed to break a junction point. Our systems were found to obey TTS over a wide temperature range of 15-70 °C. For systems with no added nanoparticles, two distinct behaviors were seen, with a transition occurring at a temperature close to the glass transition temperature of PLLA, T(g). Above T(g), the activation energy was similar to the PLLA crystallization enthalpy, suggesting that the activation energy is related to the energy needed to pull a PLLA chain out of the crystalline domain. Below T(g), the activation energy is expected to be the energy required to increase mobility of the polymer chains and soften the glassy regions of the PLLA core. Similar behavior was seen in the nanocomposite gels with added laponite; however, the added clay appears to reduce the average value of the activation enthalpy. This confirms our SAXS results and suggests that laponite particles are participating in the network structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarvesh K. Agrawal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 686 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Naomi Sanabria-DeLong
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Sujata K. Bhatia
- Dupont Applied BioSciences, Experimental Station E328/140B, Wilmington, DE 19880
| | - Gregory N. Tew
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Surita R. Bhatia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 686 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003
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Tabuteau H, Ramos L, Nakaya-Yaegashi K, Imai M, Ligoure C. Nonlinear rheology of surfactant wormlike micelles bridged by telechelic polymers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:2467-2472. [PMID: 19199743 DOI: 10.1021/la803304z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the nonlinear rheology of a soft composite transient network made of a solution of surfactant wormlike micelles (WM) in the semidilute regime that are reversibly bridged by telechelic polymers. The samples are well described, in the linear regime, as two Maxwell fluids components blends, characterized by two markedly different characteristic times. The slow mode is mainly related to the transient network of entangled WM, and the fast mode to the network of telechelic chains. In this paper we investigate the nonlinear viscoelasticity and show that the nonlinear behavior reflects as well the behavior of two coupled networks. On one hand, stress relaxation experiments and time-resolved stress response following the application of a constant shear rate show that, in the weakly nonlinear regime, these novel composite networks stiffen. A fourfold increase of the elastic modulus with respect to the linear value is reached for strain amplitude of about 200%. This strain hardening is due to the nonlinear stretching of the telechelic polymer chains. On the other hand, the samples exhibit shear banding in the highly nonlinear regime, similarly to pure semidilute solutions of WM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Tabuteau
- Laboratoire des Colloïdes, Verres et Nanomatériaux (UMR CNRS-UMII 5587), cc26, Université Montpellier II, 34 095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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25
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Martens AA, Portale G, Werten MWT, de Vries RJ, Eggink G, Cohen Stuart MA, de Wolf FA. Triblock Protein Copolymers Forming Supramolecular Nanotapes and pH-Responsive Gels. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma801955q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aernout A. Martens
- Biobased Products, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Bornsesteeg 59, 6708 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands, Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), John F. Kennedylaan 2; 5612 AB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, and European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 6 Rue Jules Horowitz, BP 220, 38043 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Giuseppe Portale
- Biobased Products, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Bornsesteeg 59, 6708 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands, Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), John F. Kennedylaan 2; 5612 AB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, and European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 6 Rue Jules Horowitz, BP 220, 38043 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Marc W. T. Werten
- Biobased Products, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Bornsesteeg 59, 6708 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands, Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), John F. Kennedylaan 2; 5612 AB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, and European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 6 Rue Jules Horowitz, BP 220, 38043 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Renko J. de Vries
- Biobased Products, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Bornsesteeg 59, 6708 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands, Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), John F. Kennedylaan 2; 5612 AB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, and European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 6 Rue Jules Horowitz, BP 220, 38043 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Gerrit Eggink
- Biobased Products, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Bornsesteeg 59, 6708 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands, Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), John F. Kennedylaan 2; 5612 AB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, and European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 6 Rue Jules Horowitz, BP 220, 38043 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Martien A. Cohen Stuart
- Biobased Products, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Bornsesteeg 59, 6708 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands, Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), John F. Kennedylaan 2; 5612 AB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, and European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 6 Rue Jules Horowitz, BP 220, 38043 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Frits A. de Wolf
- Biobased Products, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Bornsesteeg 59, 6708 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Agrotechnology & Food Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands, Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), John F. Kennedylaan 2; 5612 AB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, and European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 6 Rue Jules Horowitz, BP 220, 38043 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
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26
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Zhao G, Chen SB. Nonlinear rheology of aqueous solutions of hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose with nonionic surfactant. J Colloid Interface Sci 2007; 316:858-66. [PMID: 17764681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2007.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2007] [Revised: 07/24/2007] [Accepted: 07/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Shear thickening and strain hardening behavior of hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMHEC) aqueous solutions was experimentally examined. We focused on the effects of polymer concentration, temperature, and addition of nonionic surfactant. It is found that HMHEC shows stronger shear thickening at intermediate shear rates in a certain concentration range. In this range, the zero-shear viscosity scales with polymer concentration as eta(0) approximately c(5.7), showing a stronger concentration dependence than for more concentrated solutions. The critical shear stress for complete disruption of the transient network follows tau(c) approximately c(1.62) in the concentrated regime. Dynamic tests of the transient network on addition of surfactants show that the enhanced zero-shear viscosity is due to an increase in network junction strength, rather than their number, which in fact decreases. The reduction in the junction number could partly explain the weak variation of strain hardening extent for low surfactant concentrations, because of longer and looser bridging chain segments, and hence lesser nonlinear chain stretching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangqiang Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Republic of Singapore
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Sprakel J, Besseling NAM, Leermakers FAM, Stuart MAC. Micellization of Telechelic Associative Polymers: Self-Consistent Field Modeling and Comparison with Scaling Concepts. J Phys Chem B 2007; 111:2903-9. [PMID: 17319716 DOI: 10.1021/jp0683768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We present numerical results from self-consistent field calculations on the micellization of telechelic associative polymers and their mono-functional analogues. These results are confronted with relatively simple scaling concepts. The proportionality of the critical micelle concentration (CMC) with the hydrophilic backbone length, as found in the calculations, shows good correspondence with a scaling argument based on the entropic penalty of loop formation. It is also shown that models for the conformation of spherical brushes can be applied to predict the structure of the flowerlike micelles formed by these telechelic polymers. Furthermore, we find good agreement between the numerical dependence of the aggregation number upon both backbone and terminal hydrophobe length and an analytical expression derived from the well-known Daoud-Cotton model by introducing a correction for the finite size of the micellar core.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sprakel
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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29
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Zhao GQ, Chen SB. Phase behavior and shear thickening of HM-HEC solutions with addition of nonionic surfactant C12E5. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11771-007-0245-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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30
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Kelarakis A, Havredaki V, Yuan XF, Chaibundit C, Booth C. Aqueous Gels of Triblock Copolymers of Ethylene Oxide and 1,2-Butylene Oxide (Type BEB) Studied by Rheometry. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200600028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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31
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Mistry D, Annable T, Yuan XF, Booth C. Rheological behavior of aqueous micellar solutions of a triblock copolymer of ethylene oxide and 1,2-butylene oxide: B10E410B10. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2006; 22:2986-92. [PMID: 16548547 DOI: 10.1021/la0532205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
A triblock copolymer of ethylene oxide and 1,2-butylene oxide, denoted B10E410B10, was prepared by sequential oxyanionic polymerization and characterized by 13C NMR spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography. Micellization and the formation of micelle clusters in dilute aqueous solution, the latter a consequence of micelle bridging, was confirmed by dynamic light scattering, and average association numbers of the micelles were determined by static light scattering for T = 20-40 degrees C. The frequency dependence of the dynamic storage and loss moduli was investigated for solutions in the range of 5-20 wt %. Comparison with results for poly(oxyethylene) dialkyl ethers (10 wt %, T = 25 degrees C) indicated that the viscoelasticity of a copolymer with terminal B10 hydrophobic blocks was roughly equivalent to one with terminal C14 alkyl chains. The temperature dependence of the modulus was investigated for 15 wt % solutions at T = 5-40 degrees C. Superposition of the data led, via an Arrhenius plot, to an activation energy for the relaxation process of -40 kJ mol(-1). The negative value contrasts with the positive values found for poly(oxyethylene) dialkyl ethers and related HEUR copolymers with urethane-linked terminal alkyl chains. This difference is attributed to the block-length distribution in copolymer B10E410B10, whereby the activation energy of the relaxation process has a positive contribution from the disengagement of B blocks from micelles but a negative contribution from micellization. The negative value of the activation energy for solutions of B10E410B10 was confirmed by determining the temperature dependence of the zero-shear viscosity of its 15 wt % solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmista Mistry
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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32
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Temperature-Dependent Properties of Telechelic Hydrophobically Modified Poly(N-isopropylacrylamides) in Water: Evidence from Light Scattering and Fluorescence Spectroscopy for the Formation of Stable Mesoglobules at Elevated Temperatures. Macromolecules 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0600254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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33
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Kujawa P, Watanabe H, Tanaka F, Winnik FM. Amphiphilic telechelic poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in water: from micelles to gels. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2005; 17:129-37. [PMID: 15880290 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2004-10134-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2004] [Accepted: 03/22/2005] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We report the first study of aqueous solutions (0.025 gL(-1) to 46 gL(-1)) of a telechelic poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) with octadecyl termini (C(18)-PNIPAM-C(18), M(w): 37000, 320 NIPAM units, M(w)/ M(n)=1.07) obtained by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) free radical polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide. Static and dynamic light scattering measurements and fluorescence spectroscopy, using 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (ANS) as probe, yielded the concentration dependence of the size and aggregation number of C(18)-PNIPAM-C(18) micelles in cold ( 20( degrees )C) dilute aqueous solutions. Concentrated solutions ( c>20 gL(-1)) form transient gels exhibiting an oscillatory shear behavior that can be approximated by a single-relaxation Maxwellian model. Aqueous solutions of C(18)-PNIPAM-C(18) undergo a phase transition upon heating to 31.5( degrees )C as determined by microcalorimetry. The heat-induced phase separation of dilute (0.025 gL(-1)) C(18)-PNIPAM-C(18) solutions yields a fluid that is colloidally stable at temperatures higher than 33( degrees )C. The overall results are consistent with a model assuming the formation of flowerlike micelles in the dilute regime and a network of micelles connected by telechelic chains in the concentrated regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kujawa
- Department of Chemistry and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Succursale Centre Ville, CP 6128, H3C 3J7 Montreal, QC, Canada
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34
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Steady shear viscosity study of various HEUR models with different hydrophilic and hydrophobic sizes. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2004.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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35
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Chestakova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S3H6, Canada
| | - Willie Lau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S3H6, Canada
| | - Eugenia Kumacheva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S3H6, Canada
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36
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Kim M, Choi YW, Sim JH, Choo J, Sohn D. End Chain Length Effect of Hydrophobically End-Capped Poly(ethylene oxide)s on Their Self-Assemblies in Solution. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0492725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Myungwoong Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Ansan 425-791, Korea
| | - Young-Wook Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Ansan 425-791, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyun Sim
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Ansan 425-791, Korea
| | - Jaebum Choo
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Ansan 425-791, Korea
| | - Daewon Sohn
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Ansan 425-791, Korea
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37
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Tam KC, Ng WK, Jenkins RD. Thermal properties of hydrophobically modified methacrylic acid-ethyl acrylate copolymer solutions. J Appl Polym Sci 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/app.20766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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38
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Choi J, Sohn D, Lee Y, Cheong C. Self-diffusion of hydrophobically end-capped polyethylene oxide urethane resin by using pulsed-gradient spin echo NMR spetroscopy. Macromol Res 2003. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03218974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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39
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Kim M, Sim JH, Sohn D. Adsorption of Hydrophobically End-Capped Poly(ethylene oxide) on Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) Latex Particles: Light Scattering Study. Macromolecules 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0346714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Myungwoong Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyun Sim
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
| | - Daewon Sohn
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
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40
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Lee Y, Choi J, Choi YW, Sohn D. Temperature Dependence of Hydrophobically End-Capped Poly(ethylene oxide): End Chain Effect Using 13C MAS NMR. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp034712y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youngil Lee
- Dongbu Advanced Research Institute, Daejon 305-708, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
| | - Jinwoo Choi
- Dongbu Advanced Research Institute, Daejon 305-708, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
| | - Young-Wook Choi
- Dongbu Advanced Research Institute, Daejon 305-708, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
| | - Daewon Sohn
- Dongbu Advanced Research Institute, Daejon 305-708, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
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41
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Lu Q, Solomon MJ. Probe size effects on the microrheology of associating polymer solutions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2002; 66:061504. [PMID: 12513289 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.66.061504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2002] [Revised: 08/08/2002] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Diffusing wave spectroscopy has been used to investigate the thermally driven displacement of colloidal particles dispersed in solutions of associating polymers (APs). The effect of varying colloidal probe size on the measured particle displacements is studied in particular. Recent theories of microrheology are examined in light of the observed effects. The associating polymer used in this research was a linear polyethylene oxide (PEO) chain (molecular weight 35 000 g/mole) with a Cl14 aliphatic group appended to each end of the PEO. Above a critical concentration, the associating polymers display linear viscoelasticity consistent with the Maxwell model. The concentration of aqueous AP solutions was varied from 0.25 to 4.0 wt. %. At low concentration of APs, the mean square displacement of the colloidal beads was indistinguishable from simple Brownian diffusion in the aqueous solvent. However, at concentrations greater than 0.5 wt. %, the mean square displacement differed from simple diffusion in a way that was found to be consistent with the Maxwell model linear viscoelasticity (LVE) of the AP solutions. Significantly, for the most concentrated solutions, as the probe particle size was varied from 0.3 to 2.2 microm, the observed mean square displacement deviated substantially from the generalized Stokes-Einstein behavior predicted by microrheological theories. Our experiments showed that these deviations could not be attributed to specific physicochemical interactions at the probe-matrix interface, since observed mean square displacements were independent of different probe surface chemistries studied. Moreover, this particle size effect was not observed in semidilute, high molecular weight PEO solutions (molecular weight 4.0 x 10(6) g/mole). We concluded that possible effects of AP network compressibility and AP depletion at the probe surface could not account for the observed particle size effects. We examined recent reports of the structural heterogeneity in AP solutions for their possible connection to our observation of the breakdown of the generalized Stokes-Einstein equation for this system. Numerical conversion of the microscopic results to the linear viscoelastic moduli, G'(omega) and G"(omega), by means of a constrained regularization method (CONTIN), demonstrates that the experiments with larger probe particles are most consistent with the single-mode Maxwell model LVE observed by macroscopic mechanical rheology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2136, USA
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42
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Kim SD, Torkelson JM. Nanoscale Confinement and Temperature Effects on Associative Polymers in Thin Films: Fluorescence Study of a Telechelic, Pyrene-Labeled Poly(dimethylsiloxane). Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0200322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Dug Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3120
| | - John M. Torkelson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3120
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43
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Tae G, Kornfield JA, Hubbell JA, Lal J. Ordering Transitions of Fluoroalkyl-Ended Poly(ethylene glycol): Rheology and SANS. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma011809e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giyoong Tae
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 210-41, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Department of Materials, ETH-Zurich and University of Zurich, 8044 Zurich, Switzerland; and IPNS, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - Julia A. Kornfield
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 210-41, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Department of Materials, ETH-Zurich and University of Zurich, 8044 Zurich, Switzerland; and IPNS, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - Jeffrey A. Hubbell
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 210-41, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Department of Materials, ETH-Zurich and University of Zurich, 8044 Zurich, Switzerland; and IPNS, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - Jyotsana Lal
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 210-41, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Department of Materials, ETH-Zurich and University of Zurich, 8044 Zurich, Switzerland; and IPNS, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
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44
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Dai S, Tam KC, Jenkins RD. Binding Characteristics of Hydrophobic Ethoxylated Urethane (HEUR) and an Anionic Surfactant: Microcalorimetry and Laser Light Scattering Studies. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp010672r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Dai
- School of Mechanical and Production Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Republic of Singapore, and The Dow Chemical Company, Asia-Pacific Technical Center, 16 Science Park Drive, Singapore 118227, Republic of Singapore
| | - K. C. Tam
- School of Mechanical and Production Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Republic of Singapore, and The Dow Chemical Company, Asia-Pacific Technical Center, 16 Science Park Drive, Singapore 118227, Republic of Singapore
| | - R. D. Jenkins
- School of Mechanical and Production Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Republic of Singapore, and The Dow Chemical Company, Asia-Pacific Technical Center, 16 Science Park Drive, Singapore 118227, Republic of Singapore
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46
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Tsitsilianis C, Katsampas I, Sfika V. ABC Heterotelechelic Associative Polyelectrolytes. Rheological Behavior in Aqueous Media. Macromolecules 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0006777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Constantinos Tsitsilianis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece, and Institute of Chemical Engineering and High-Temperature Chemical Processes, ICE/HT-FORTH, P.O.Box 1414, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Ilias Katsampas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece, and Institute of Chemical Engineering and High-Temperature Chemical Processes, ICE/HT-FORTH, P.O.Box 1414, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Sfika
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece, and Institute of Chemical Engineering and High-Temperature Chemical Processes, ICE/HT-FORTH, P.O.Box 1414, 26500 Patras, Greece
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47
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Tsitsilianis C, Iliopoulos I, Ducouret G. An Associative Polyelectrolyte End-Capped with Short Polystyrene Chains. Synthesis and Rheological Behavior. Macromolecules 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ma991410e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Constantinos Tsitsilianis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, and Institute of Chemical Engineering and High-Temperature Chemical Processes, ICE-FORTH, P.O.Box 1414, 26500, Patras, Greece
| | - Ilias Iliopoulos
- Laboratoire de Physico-chimie Macromoleculaire, UMR-7615, ESPCI, CNRS, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Guylaine Ducouret
- Laboratoire de Physico-chimie Macromoleculaire, UMR-7615, ESPCI, CNRS, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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Ng W, Tam K, Jenkins R. Evaluation of intrinsic viscosity measurements of hydrophobically modified polyelectrolyte solutions. Eur Polym J 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0014-3057(98)00199-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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