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Cagliero C, Sgorbini B, Cordero C, Liberto E, Rubiolo P, Bicchi C. Enantioselective Gas Chromatography with Derivatized Cyclodextrins in the Flavour and Fragrance Field. Isr J Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201600091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Cagliero
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco; University of Torino; Via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Barbara Sgorbini
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco; University of Torino; Via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Chiara Cordero
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco; University of Torino; Via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Erica Liberto
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco; University of Torino; Via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Patrizia Rubiolo
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco; University of Torino; Via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Carlo Bicchi
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco; University of Torino; Via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Torino Italy
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Schurig V. Salient Features of Enantioselective Gas Chromatography: The Enantiomeric Differentiation of Chiral Inhalation Anesthetics as a Representative Methodological Case in Point. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2013; 340:153-207. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2013_440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Ramig K, Lavinda O, Szalda DJ. The highly stereoselective decarboxylation of (+)-1-bromo-1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoropropanoic acid to give (+)-1-bromo-1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane [(+)-halothane] with retention of configuration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2012.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Schurig V, Grosenick H, Juza M. Enantiomer separation of chiral inhalation anesthetics (enflurane, isoflurane and desflurane) by gas chromatography on a γ-cyclodextrin derivative. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/recl.19951140414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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5
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Beil A, Luckhaus D, Quack M. Fermi resonance structure and femtosecond quantum dynamics of a chiral molecule from the analysis of vibrational overtone spectra of CHBrClF. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.19961001116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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6
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Bicchi C, Cagliero C, Liberto E, Sgorbini B, Martina K, Cravotto G, Rubiolo P. New asymmetrical per-substituted cyclodextrins (2-O-methyl-3-O-ethyl- and 2-O-ethyl-3-O-methyl-6-O-t-butyldimethylsilyl-β-derivatives) as chiral selectors for enantioselective gas chromatography in the flavour and fragrance field. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:1106-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.09.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2009] [Revised: 09/22/2009] [Accepted: 09/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Gajda R, Katrusiak A, Crassous J. Pressure-controlled aggregation in carboxylic acids. A case study on the polymorphism of bromochlorofluoroacetic acid. CrystEngComm 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b910409g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Bicchi C, Liberto E, Cagliero C, Cordero C, Sgorbini B, Rubiolo P. Conventional and narrow bore short capillary columns with cyclodextrin derivatives as chiral selectors to speed-up enantioselective gas chromatography and enantioselective gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analyses. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1212:114-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2008] [Revised: 09/30/2008] [Accepted: 10/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Francisco CG, González CC, Kennedy AR, Paz NR, Suárez E. Fragmentation of carbohydrate anomeric alkoxyl radicals: new synthesis of chiral 1-fluoro-1-halo-1-iodoalditols. Chemistry 2008; 14:6704-12. [PMID: 18576400 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200800734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A new general methodology for the synthesis of 1,1,1-trihaloalditols by starting from 1,5-anhydro-2-deoxy-hex-1-enitol derivatives (glycals) is described. The halogens are introduced sequentially in each of the three different steps of the process. The fluorine is introduced in the first step by electrophilic fluorination of the starting glycal; next, hydroxyhalogenation of the resulting vinyl fluoride allows the addition of any halogen (F, Cl, Br or I) at will, and finally, an iodine atom is inserted through an alkoxyl radical fragmentation reaction. This methodology allows the preparation of diverse types of 1,1,1-trihalogenated compounds (R--CF(2)I, R--CFI(2), R--CFClI and R--CFBrI) under mild conditions compatible with sensitive substituents. In some cases, the diastereomeric mixtures generated from R--CFClI and R--CFBrI can be chromatographically separated, and their configuration determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis. The synthetic usefulness of these compounds has been preliminarily assessed by examining the reactivity of the fluorinated radical generated by rupture of the C--I bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosme G Francisco
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Carretera de La Esperanza 3, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
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Francisco CG, González CC, Kennedy AR, Paz NR, Suárez E. Synthesis and stability of mixed nonfluorinated 1,1,1-trihalo-alkanes. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.10.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Crassous J, Chardonnet C, Saue T, Schwerdtfeger P. Recent experimental and theoretical developments towards the observation of parity violation (PV) effects in molecules by spectroscopy. Org Biomol Chem 2005; 3:2218-24. [PMID: 16010350 DOI: 10.1039/b504212g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Parity violation (PV) at the molecular level is known to be responsible for a tiny energy difference between the two enantiomers of a chiral molecule. This parity violation energy difference (PVED) has not yet been detected by experiment. In the last few years, the search for PV effects in molecules has made important steps ahead for several reasons. On one hand, very accurate infra-red spectroscopy measurements were performed by metrologists on bromochlorofluoromethane (CHFClBr) with a 10 Hz accuracy, which so far is the most precise. On the other hand, relativistic calculations were used for the evaluation of DeltaE(PV) allowing for a screening of favorable molecules for future measurements. The synthesis of such chiral molecules with high parity violation effects is currently being investigated. In memory of Professor Jean-Bernard Robert.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Crassous
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, UMR CNRS 5182, 46, Allée d'Italie, F-69364, Lyon 07, France.
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12
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Jiang Z, Crassous J, Schurig V. Gas-chromatographic separation of tri(hetero)halogenomethane enantiomers. Chirality 2005; 17:488-93. [PMID: 16113994 DOI: 10.1002/chir.20191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Five-atomic tri(hetero)halogenomethanes represent the simplest class of non-isotopic small chiral molecules suitable for the study of fundamental aspects of chirality. The analytical gas-chromatographic separation of the enantiomers of bromochlorofluoromethane 1 and of chlorofluoroiodomethane 2 on the immobilized chiral stationary phase octakis(3-O-butanoyl-2,6-di-O-n-pentyl)-gamma-cyclodextrin 3, chemically linked to polydimethylsiloxane, is described. By temperature-dependent thermodynamic measurements very low isoenantioselective temperatures T(iso) are found and for optimum enantiomeric separations cryogenic temperatures are required. The ee values of enantiomerically enriched tri(hetero)halogenomethanes 1 and 2 are determined and relative configurations are correlated with the chromatographic elution order of 1 and 2 on 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjin Jiang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Crassous J, Jiang Z, Schurig V, Polavarapu PL. Preparation of (+)-chlorofluoroiodomethane, determination of its enantiomeric excess and of its absolute configuration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2004.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Crassous J, Monier F, Dutasta JP, Ziskind M, Daussy C, Grain C, Chardonnet C. Search for resolution of chiral fluorohalogenomethanes and parity-violation effects at the molecular level. Chemphyschem 2003; 4:541-8. [PMID: 12836475 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200200536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The first observation of a parity-violation effect in molecules induced by weak interactions is still a dream that requires the synthesis and, eventually, the resolution of the enantiomers of well-chosen simple chiral molecules together with an appropriate experimental set-up for high-resolution spectroscopy. Performing IR spectroscopy on highly enantiomerically enriched samples of bromochlorofluoromethane succeeded in giving an upper limit of 10(-13) for the relative vibrational energy difference between the two enantiomers. These results led us to conceive a new experimental set-up based on a supersonic molecular beam and to work on other chiral molecules, such as chlorofluoroiodomethane. A synthesis of (+/-)-CHCIFI from racemic chlorofluoroiodoacetic acid should, in the near future permit the preparation of optically active samples of this haloform. The development of molecular beam spectroscopy using a two-photon Ramsey-fringes experiment should allow us to reach the precision needed to observe parity violation. These experimental challenges, which stimulate a close collaboration between chemists and physicists, are presented. The success of these projects would open the route to new information on the molecular Hamiltonian, a better knowledge of the electroweak interaction, and a better control of the various chirality-related properties of simple molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Crassous
- Laboratoire de Chimie UMR CNRS 5532-Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon 46, allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France.
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15
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Schreiner PR, Fokin AA, Lauenstein O, Okamoto Y, Wakita T, Rinderspacher C, Robinson GH, Vohs JK, Campana CF. Pseudotetrahedral polyhaloadamantanes as chirality probes: synthesis, separation, and absolute configuration. J Am Chem Soc 2002; 124:13348-9. [PMID: 12418863 DOI: 10.1021/ja0274195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pseudotetrahedral, conformationally as well as configurationally stable 1-bromo-3-chloro-5-fluoro- (4) and 1-bromo-3-chloro-5-fluoro-7-iodoadamantane (5) (and some related compounds) were prepared by our recently devised phase-transfer catalytic halogenation protocol; the optical antipodes of 4 were separated by HPLC on chiral phase in ee > 99%, and the absolute configurations were assigned by matching observed and computed circular dichroism spectra. Structure 5 is the first chiral aliphatic hydrocarbon containing all stable (nonradioactive) halogens; its structure was proven by NMR spectroscopy and by X-ray crystal data. We emphasize that the combination of experiment and theory is very powerful in assigning absolute configurations even for molecules without typical chromophors, with small values for the optical rotation, and without an atom at the stereogenic center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Schreiner
- Institut für Organische Chemie der Justus-Liebig-Universität, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
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Quack M, Stohner J. Molecular chirality and the fundamental symmetries of physics: influence of parity violation on rovibrational frequencies and thermodynamic properties. Chirality 2001; 13:745-53. [PMID: 11746814 DOI: 10.1002/chir.10025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We introduce the topic of fundamental symmetries of physics in relation to molecular chirality by a brief review of the development and current status of the theory of parity violation in chiral molecules. We then discuss in some detail CHBrClF (bromochlorofluoromethane) as a test case, to which the work of André Collet has contributed importantly. For this molecule and its isotopomers, we report here the first detailed theoretical calculations of the influence of parity violation on statistical thermodynamic properties. High-quality ab initio calculations (RPA, random phase approximation, and CASSCF, complete-active-space self-consistent-field) were performed to determine the small energy difference between R- and S-enantiomers of H and D isotopomers of bromochlorofluoromethane (CHBrClF, CDBrClF), and fluorooxirane ((1)H(3)C(2)OF) introduced by the parity-violating weak interaction. Together with vibrational and rotational frequency shifts caused by parity violation, these were used to determine the statistical thermodynamic quantities from the corresponding partition functions within the separable harmonic and in part also anharmonic adiabatic approximation. Temperature-dependent equilibrium constants for the stereomutation were calculated and are discussed in relation to biochemical homochirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Quack
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich (Hönggerberg), CH 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Abstract
The separation of enantiomers by gas chromatography is performed on chiral stationary phases (CSPs) via hydrogen bonding, coordination and inclusion. Thus, typical chiral selectors are amino acid derivatives, terpene-derived metal coordination compounds and modified cyclodextrins. In Chirasil-type stationary phases the chiral selector is anchored to a polysiloxane backbone improving gas chromatographic performance. The present review article describes the state-of-the-art, scope and limitations, applications and mechanistic considerations at the advent of the millennium incorporating 16 figures and 168 references.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Schurig
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Germany.
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Vetter W, Schurig V. Enantioselective determination of chiral organochlorine compounds in biota by gas chromatography on modified cyclodextrins. J Chromatogr A 1997; 774:143-75. [PMID: 9253189 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(97)00296-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Approaches to the gas chromatographic enantiomer separation of chiral organchlorines (alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane, cis- and trans-chlordane, heptachlor, heptachlorepoxide, oxychlordane, o,p'-DDT, compounds of technical toxaphene and stable atropisomeric polychlorinated biphenyls) are reviewed. Chiral stationary phases based on cyclodextrin derivatives and used for the gas chromatographic enantiomer separation of the chiral organochlorines are described. Enantiomeric ratios of chiral organochlorines in technical mixtures and biological samples are reported and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Vetter
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Institut für Ernährung und Umwelt, Germany
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Bauder A, Beil A, Luckhaus D, Müller F, Quack M. Combined high resolution infrared and microwave study of bromochlorofluoromethane. J Chem Phys 1997. [DOI: 10.1063/1.473759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Costante-Crassous J, Marrone TJ, Briggs JM, McCammon JA, Collet A. Absolute Configuration of Bromochlorofluoromethane from Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Its Enantioselective Complexation by Cryptophane-C. J Am Chem Soc 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9701164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Costante-Crassous
- Contribution from Stéréochimie et Interactions moléculaires (UMR CNRS 117), École normale supérieure de Lyon, 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Pharmacology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0365
| | - Tami J. Marrone
- Contribution from Stéréochimie et Interactions moléculaires (UMR CNRS 117), École normale supérieure de Lyon, 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Pharmacology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0365
| | - James M. Briggs
- Contribution from Stéréochimie et Interactions moléculaires (UMR CNRS 117), École normale supérieure de Lyon, 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Pharmacology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0365
| | - J. Andrew McCammon
- Contribution from Stéréochimie et Interactions moléculaires (UMR CNRS 117), École normale supérieure de Lyon, 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Pharmacology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0365
| | - André Collet
- Contribution from Stéréochimie et Interactions moléculaires (UMR CNRS 117), École normale supérieure de Lyon, 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Pharmacology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0365
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Costante J, Hecht L, Polavarapu PL, Collet A, Barron LD. Die absolute Konfiguration von Bromchlorfluormethan aus experimentellen und mit ab-initio-Methoden berechneten Daten des optisch-aktiven Raman-Effekts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19971090829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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