Rankin GO. Nephrotoxicity induced by C- and N-arylsuccinimides.
JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2004;
7:399-416. [PMID:
15371242 DOI:
10.1080/10937400490486113]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The succinimide ring is incorporated into hundreds of compounds that are widely used as agricultural, industrial, and pharmaceutical agents. Some succinimide derivatives that contain an aryl group on the ethylene bridge of the succinimide ring (C-arylsuccinimides) or on the nitrogen atom (N-arylsuccinimides) induce nephrotoxicity in humans and/or laboratory animals. Acute toxicity induced by this general class of compounds is typically characterized as polyuric renal failure, while chronic nephrotoxicity is seen as chronic interstitial nephritis. In this review, the structure-nephrotoxicity relationships, biotransformation, and mechanisms of nephrotoxicity for the C- and N-arylsuccinimides are examined.
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