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Hickey SM, Ashton TD, White JM, Li J, Nation RL, Yu HY, Elliott AG, Butler MS, Huang JX, Cooper MA, Pfeffer FM. Synthesis of Norbornane Bisether Antibiotics via Silver-mediated Alkylation. RSC Adv 2015; 5:28582-28596. [PMID: 26251697 PMCID: PMC4523246 DOI: 10.1039/c5ra03321g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A small series of norbornane bisether diguanidines have been synthesized and evaluated as antibacterial agents. The key transformation-bisalkylation of norbornane diol 6-was not successful using Williamson methodology but has been accomplished using Ag2O mediated alkylation. Further functionalization to incorporate two guanidinium groups gave rise to a series of structurally rigid cationic amphiphiles; several of which (16d, 16g and 16h) exhibited antibiotic activity. For example, compound 16d was active against a broad range of bacteria including Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC = 8 µg/mL), Escherichia coli (MIC = 8 µg/mL) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 8 µg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane M. Hickey
- Research Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, 3216, Australia
| | - Trent D. Ashton
- Research Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, 3216, Australia
| | - Jonathan M. White
- Bio21 Institute, School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Jian Li
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Roger L. Nation
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Heidi Y. Yu
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Alysha G. Elliott
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Mark S. Butler
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Johnny X. Huang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Matthew A. Cooper
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Frederick M. Pfeffer
- Research Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, 3216, Australia
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Gosling JI, Baker SP, Haynes JM, Kassiou M, Pouton CW, Warfe L, White PJ, Scammells PJ. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Adenosines with Heterobicyclic and Polycyclic N6-Substituents as Adenosine A1 Receptor Agonists. ChemMedChem 2012; 7:1191-201. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201200208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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3
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González MP, Terán C, Teijeira M, Besada P. Geometry, topology, and atom-weights assembly descriptors to predicting A1 adenosine receptors agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 15:2641-5. [PMID: 15863334 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2005] [Revised: 03/02/2005] [Accepted: 03/07/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The GEometry, Topology, and Atom-Weights AssemblY (GETAWAY) approach has been applied to the study of the A1 adenosine receptors agonist effect of 32 adenosine analogues: N6-arylcarbamoyl, 2-arylalkynyl-N6-arylcarbamoyl, and N6-carboxamido derivatives. A model, able to describe more than 77% of the variance in the experimental activity, was developed with the use of the above mentioned approach. Five different approaches (Topological, Galvez Topological Charges indexes, Randic Molecular Profiles, Geometrical, and WHIM descriptors) failed to give satisfactory models (R2=0.70) for this property with the same number of variables in the equation. Although statistically significant models were derived containing descriptors other than GETAWAY, the best fitted out model was still found with these descriptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maykel Pérez González
- Service Unit, Experimental Sugar Cane Station Villa Clara-Cienfuegos, Ranchuelo, Villa Clara C.P. 53100, Cuba.
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Hutchinson SA, Baker SP, Linden J, Scammells PJ. New potent and selective A1 adenosine receptor agonists. Bioorg Med Chem 2004; 12:4877-84. [PMID: 15336267 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2004] [Revised: 07/02/2004] [Accepted: 07/02/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Thiirane analogs of ENAdo have been synthesised and found to be extremely potent and selective A(1) adenosine receptor agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally A Hutchinson
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3217, Australia
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5
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Hutchinson SA, Baker SP, Scammells PJ. New 2,N6-disubstituted adenosines: potent and selective A1 adenosine receptor agonists. Bioorg Med Chem 2002; 10:1115-22. [PMID: 11836122 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(01)00384-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A number of adenosine analogues substituted in the 2- and N6-positions were synthesized and evaluated for affinity, functional potency and intrinsic activity at the A1 and A2A adenosine receptors (AR). Three classes of N6-substituents were tested; norbornen-2-yl (series 1), norborn-2-yl (series 2) and 5,6-epoxynorborn-2-yl (series 3). The halogens; fluoro, bromo, and iodo were evaluated as C-2 substituents. All compounds showed relatively high affinity (nanomolar) for the A1AR and high potency for inhibiting (-)isoproterenol-stimulated cAMP accumulation in hamster smooth muscle DDT1 MF-2 cells with the 2-fluoro derivatives from each series having the highest affinity. All of the derivatives showed the same intrinsic activity as CPA. At the A2AAR, all of the derivatives showed relatively low affinity and potency (micromolar) for stimulating cAMP accumulation in rat pheochromocytoma PC-12 cells. The intrinsic activity of the derivatives compared to CGS 21680 was dependent upon the halogen substituent in the C-2 position with most showing partial agonist activity. Of particular interest is 2-iodo-N6-(2S-endo-norborn-2-yl)adenosine (5e), which is over 100-fold selective for the A1AR, is a full agonist at this receptor subtype and has no detectable agonist activity at the A2AAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally A Hutchinson
- Centre for Chiral & Molecular Technologies, Deakin University, VIC 3217, Geelong, Australia
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6
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Hutchinson SA, Baker SP, Scammells PJ. Adenosine receptor ligands with oxygenated N6-substituents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1999; 9:933-6. [PMID: 10230614 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(99)00109-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A number of novel adenosine analogs bearing oxygenated substituents in the N6-position have been prepared and evaluated as A1 adenosine agonists. Improved conditions for the synthesis of N6-substituted adenosines and a new one pot procedure for the synthesis of 2-amino-7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Hutchinson
- School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Vic, Australia
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7
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Wright DM, Baker SP, Stewart SG, Scammells PJ. N6-(5,6-epoxynorbornyl)adenosine analogs as A1 adenosine agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1998; 8:3647-8. [PMID: 9934487 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(98)00668-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A range of related adenosines and 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosines bearing oxygenated substituents in the N6 position have been synthesised and evaluated as A1-adenosine receptor ligands. Compound 9 emerged with potent affinity (EC50 = 1.1 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Wright
- School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Vic., Australia
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8
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Pfister JR, Belardinelli L, Lee G, Lum RT, Milner P, Stanley WC, Linden J, Baker SP, Schreiner G. Synthesis and biological evaluation of the enantiomers of the potent and selective A1-adenosine antagonist 1,3-dipropyl-8-[2-(5,6-epoxynorbonyl)]-xanthine. J Med Chem 1997; 40:1773-8. [PMID: 9191953 DOI: 10.1021/jm970013w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The individual enantiomers 8 and 12 of the potent and highly selective racemic A1-adenosine antagonist 1,3-dipropyl-8-[2-(5,6-epoxynorbornyl)]xanthine (ENX, 4) were synthesized utilizing asymmetric Diels-Alder cycloadditions for the construction of the norbornane moieties. The absolute configuration of 12 was determined by X-ray crystallography of the 4-bromobenzoate 14, which was derived from the bridged secondary alcohol 13. The latter was obtained from 12 by an acid-catalyzed intramolecular rearrangement. The binding affinities of the enantiomers 8 and 12 and the racemate 4 at guinea pig, rat, and cloned human A1- and A2a-adenosine receptor subtypes were determined. The S-enantiomer 12 (CVT-124) appears to be one of the more potent and clearly the most A1-selective antagonist reported to date, with K1 values of 0.67 and 0.45 nM, respectively, at the rat and cloned human A1-receptors and with 1800-fold (rat) and 2400-fold (human) subtype selectivity. Both enantiomers, administered intravenously to saline-loaded rats, induced diuresis via antagonism of renal A1-adenosine receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Pfister
- CV Therapeutics, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA.
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