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Barut B, Yalçın CÖ, Demirbaş Ü, Özel A. Photochemical and in vitro phototoxic properties of Zn (II) phthalocyanine bearing piperidinium groups on different cell lines. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Brozek-Pluska B, Jarota A, Kania R, Abramczyk H. Zinc Phthalocyanine Photochemistry by Raman Imaging, Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Femtosecond Spectroscopy in Normal and Cancerous Human Colon Tissues and Single Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:E2688. [PMID: 32531903 PMCID: PMC7321347 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy is a clinically approved alternative method for cancer treatment in which a combination of nontoxic drugs known as photosensitizers and oxygen is used. Despite intensive investigations and encouraging results, zinc phthalocyanines (ZnPcs) have not yet been approved as photosensitizers for clinical use. Label-free Raman imaging of nonfixed and unstained normal and cancerous colon human tissues and normal human CCD18-Co and cancerous CaCo-2 cell lines, without and after adding ZnPcS4 photosensitizer, was analyzed. The biochemical composition of normal and cancerous colon tissues and colon cells without and after adding ZnPcS4 at the subcellular level was determined. Analyzing the fluorescence/Raman signals of ZnPcS4, we found that in normal human colon tissue samples, in contrast to cancerous ones, there is a lower affinity to ZnPcS4 phthalocyanine. Moreover, a higher concentration in cancerous tissue was concomitant with a blue shift of the maximum peak position specific for the photosensitizer from 691-695 nm to 689 nm. Simultaneously for both types of samples, the signal was observed in the monomer region, confirming the excellent properties of ZnPcS4 for photo therapy (PDT). For colon cell experiments with a lower concentration of ZnPcS4 photosensitizer, c = 1 × 10-6 M, the phthalocyanine was localized in mitochondria/lipid structures; for a higher concentration, c = 9 × 10-6 M, localization inside the nucleus was predominant. Based on time-resolved experiments, we found that ZnPcS4 in the presence of biological interfaces features longer excited-state lifetime photosensitizers compared to the aqueous solution and bare ZnPcS4 film on CaF2 substrate, which is beneficial for application in PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Brozek-Pluska
- Laboratory of Laser Molecular Spectroscopy, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Wroblewskiego 15, 93-590 Lodz, Poland; (A.J.); (R.K.); (H.A.)
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Photodynamic Opening of the Blood–Brain Barrier Using Different Photosensitizers in Mice. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app10010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In a series of previous studies, we demonstrated that the photodynamic therapy (PDT), as a widely used tool for treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), also site-specifically opens the blood–brain barrier (BBB) in PDT-dose and age-related manner via reversible disorganization of the tight junction machinery. To develop the effective protocol of PDT-opening of the BBB, here we answer the question of what kind of photosensitizer (PS) is the most effective for the BBB opening. We studied the PDT-opening of the BBB in healthy mice using commercial photosensitizers (PSs) such as 5-aminolevulenic acid (5-ALA), aluminum phthalocyanine disulfonate (AlPcS), zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and new synthetized PSs such as galactose functionalized ZnPc (GalZnPc). The spectrofluorimetric assay of Evans Blue albumin complex (EBAC) leakage and 3-D confocal imaging of FITC-dextran 70 kDa (FITCD) extravasation clearly shows a revisable and dose depended PDT-opening of the BBB to EBAC and FITCD associated with a decrease in presence of tight junction (TJ) in the vascular endothelium. The PDT effects on the BBB permeability, TJ expression and the fluorescent signal from the brain tissues are more pronounced in PDT-GalZnPc vs. PDT-5-ALA/AlPcS/ZnPc. These pre-clinical data are the first important informative platform for an optimization of the PDT protocol in the light of new knowledge about PDT-opening of the BBB for drug brain delivery and for the therapy of brain diseases.
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Zinc(II) phthalocyanines as photosensitizers for antitumor photodynamic therapy. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 114:105575. [PMID: 31362060 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.105575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a highly specific and clinically approved method for cancer treatment in which a nontoxic drug known as photosensitizer (PS) is administered to a patient. After selective tumor irradiation, an almost complete eradication of the tumor can be reached as a consequence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which not only damage tumor cells, but also lead to tumor-associated vasculature occlusion and the induction of an immune response. Despite exhaustive investigation and encouraging results, zinc(II) phthalocyanines (ZnPcs) have not been approved as PSs for clinical use yet. This review presents an overview on the physicochemical properties of ZnPcs and biological results obtained both in vitro and in more complex models, such as 3D cell cultures, chicken chorioallantoic membranes and tumor-bearing mice. Cell death pathways induced after PDT treatment with ZnPcs are discussed in each case. Finally, combined therapeutic strategies including ZnPcs and the currently available clinical trials are mentioned.
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Amore S, Lagorio MG, Dicelio LE, Román ES. Photophysical Properties of Supported Dyes. Quantum Yield Calculations in Scattering Media. PROGRESS IN REACTION KINETICS AND MECHANISM 2019. [DOI: 10.3184/007967401103165235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum tricarboximonoamidephthalocyanine and Rose Bengal were immobilized by adsorption and covalent linkage to different solid supports: silica, silanized silica, silanized silica modified with polylysine chains and NovaSyn® TG amino resin (low cross-linked polystyrene with polyethyleneglycol chains). Specially designed tools were used to evaluate absolute quantum yields in scattering media. A previously developed model was used to calculate fluorescence quantum yields in the solid state and a method is presented for the evaluation of singlet molecular oxygen quantum yields in suspensions. The method yields reliable results for dilute suspensions of particles with diameters much greater than the irradiation wavelength. Diffuse reflectance and, in the case of suspensions, total transmittance spectra are the basic inputs required. In this way the efficiencies of suspended solid photosensitizers were obtained for all samples and correlated with the dye concentration and the way of linking to the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Amore
- Inquimae (UBA-CONICET) / Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M. Gabriela Lagorio
- Inquimae (UBA-CONICET) / Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lelia E. Dicelio
- Inquimae (UBA-CONICET) / Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Enrique San Román
- Inquimae (UBA-CONICET) / Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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2(3), 9(10), 16(17), 23(24)-tetrakis[(3-mercapto)propoxy] phthalocyaninate zinc (II)/gold nanoparticle conjugates: Synthesis and photophysical properties. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Mahmiani Y, Sevim AM, Gül A. Photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol under visible light by using TiO2 catalysts impregnated with Co(II) and Zn(II) phthalocyanine derivatives. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Rodríguez HB, Di Iorio Y, Meichtry JM, Grela MA, Litter MI, San Román E. Evidence on dye clustering in the sensitization of TiO2 by aluminum phthalocyanine. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2013; 12:1984-90. [DOI: 10.1039/c3pp50191d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Gauna GA, Cobice D, Awruch J. Efficient diborane-mediated synthesis of phthalocyanines carrying amino groups near the macrocycle. Polyhedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2012.07.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Sun Q, Leng W, Li Z, Xu Y. Effect of surface Fe2O3 clusters on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 for phenol degradation in water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2012; 229-230:224-232. [PMID: 22704768 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.05.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 05/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Surface modification of TiO(2) with Fe(2)O(3) clusters was made through chemisorption of ferric phthalocyaninetetracarboxylate onto TiO(2), followed by sintering in air to remove organic moiety. Solid characterization with electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and other techniques showed that ferric oxides were highly dispersed on TiO(2) as a noncrystallized cluster, while TiO(2) phases remained unchanged. For phenol degradation in aerated aqueous suspension, only the sample containing less than 0.3 at.% Fe was more active than bare TiO(2) under UV light, whereas no activity was found under visible light. As anatase thermally transferred into rutile, the Fe-containing catalyst became less active than bare TiO(2), mainly ascribed to the increased size of Fe(2)O(3) clusters. In the presence of H(2)O(2), all Fe-containing catalysts were more active than bare TiO(2). Moreover, similar trend in activity among different catalysts was also observed with the formation of hydroxyl radicals, and with the generation of photocurrent measured under N(2) with Fe/TiO(2) electrode. Present work clearly shows that only Fe(2)O(3) clusters in a small size and at low coverage on TiO(2) are beneficial to the photocatalytic reaction, while excess iron oxide is detrimental. Possible mechanism is discussed in the text.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
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Rodriguez ME, Fernández DA, Awruch J, Braslavsky SE, Dicelio LE. Effect of aggregation of a cationic phthalocyanine in micelles and in the presence of human serum albumin. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424606000053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The photophysical properties of tetrakis(1,1-dimethyl-2-trimethylammonium)ethylphthalocyaninato zinc(II) tetraiodide (I) – a water-soluble cationic phthalocyanine – are presented in the presence of human serum albumin (HSA) and in micelles of sodium dodecylsulfate ( SDS ) and hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride ( CTAC ). Spectrophotometric measurements showed that the surfactants SDS and CTAC induce monomerization of I, although the latter less efficiently than the former. This effect is less pronounced in the presence of HSA. The strength of this effect is evaluated through dimerization constants, which are Kd = (5 ± 1) × 105 m−1 in SDS , (1.5 ± 0.5) × 106 M −1 in CTAC , and (1.8 ± 0.9) × 106 M −1 in HSA. Fluorescence experiments confirm that aggregation of I drops as the concentration of surfactant is raised. Triplet quantum yields also decreased upon aggregation and were Φ T = 0.59, 0.16, and < 0.01 in SDS , CTAC , and HSA, respectively. These results indicate that the affinity of I for the environment is not just due to ionic interactions; hydrophobic interactions play an equally important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam E. Rodriguez
- INQUIMAE and Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel A. Fernández
- INQUIMAE and Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Josefina Awruch
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia E. Braslavsky
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie (formerly Strahlenchemie), Postfach 10 13 65, D-45413 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Lelia E. Dicelio
- INQUIMAE and Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Diz VE, Gauna GA, Strassert CA, Awruch J, Dicelio LE. Photophysical properties of microencapsulated phthalocyanines. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424610002008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Lipophilic substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanines: 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octakis[(N,N-dimethylaminoethylsulfanyl)]phthalocyaninatozinc(II) (S1) and tetrakis(N,N-dibutylaminoethoxy)phthalocyaninatozinc(II) (3) were incorporated into soybean L-α-phosphatidylcholine (SPC) liposomes of 100 nm diameter. Liposomes were characterized by static light scattering (SLS), transmission electronic microscopy (TEM), and differential scanning calorimetry. The fluorescence quantum yield and singlet molecular oxygen production of 3 are Φ F = 0.15 and ΦΔ = 0.24, respectively, whereas the same photophysical parameters for S1 are Φ F = 0.13 and ΦΔ = 0.51. Higher values of Φ F and ΦΔ are obtained in organic solvent for both dyes. Synthesis of compound 3 has also been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia E. Diz
- INQUIMAE, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela A. Gauna
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cristian A. Strassert
- INQUIMAE, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Josefina Awruch
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lelia E. Dicelio
- INQUIMAE, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Mantareva V, Petrova D, Avramov L, Angelov I, Borisova E, Peeva M, Wöhrle D. Long wavelength absorbing cationic Zn(II)-phthalocyanines as fluorescent contrast agents for B16 pigmented melanoma. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424605000095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Three cationic zinc phthalocyanines ( ZnPcs ), tetrakis-(3-methylpyridyloxy)-, tetrakis-(3-hexyl-pyridyloxy)-, and tetrakis-(3-dodecylpyridyloxy)phthalocyaninezinc ( ZnPc Me, ZnPc He and ZnPc Do) have been studied as advanced fluorescent contrast agents for pigmented melanoma tumor. UV-vis spectroscopic properties of the monomers were investigated. Their photophysical behavior as a substantial part of dye-induced fluorescence was evaluated. The selective accumulation and labeling capacity towards B16F0 pigmented melanoma tumor were determined. Melanin containing cells were isolated and incubated with ZnPcs at several time intervals (1, 1.5 and 6 h) following the kinetics of cellular uptake. The highest accumulation was found for ZnPcHe . A lower uptake was detected for the more lipophilic ZnPcDo and more hydrophilic ZnPcMe . The fluorescence diagnostic potential of ZnPcs towards pigmented melanoma by using an argon-dye laser detection set-up was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanya Mantareva
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. “G. Bonchev” str., Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Daniela Petrova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. “G. Bonchev” str., Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Latchezar Avramov
- Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ivan Angelov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. “G. Bonchev” str., Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ekaterina Borisova
- Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Margarita Peeva
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. “G. Bonchev” str., Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Dieter Wöhrle
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Bremen, P.O. Box 330 440, 28334 Bremen, Germany
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Strassert CA, Rodriguez ME, Dicelio LE, Awruch J. A synthetic approach towards novel octa-substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanines with different solubility and photophysical properties. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424605000459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and behavior in homogeneous solutions of 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octakis(3-phthalimidopropyloxy)phthalocyaninatozinc(II) (5) and 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octakis(3-aminopropyloxy)phthalocyaninatozinc(II) (6) are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian A. Strassert
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
- INQUIMAE. Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Myriam E. Rodriguez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
- INQUIMAE. Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lelia E. Dicelio
- INQUIMAE. Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Josefina Awruch
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Rodriguez ME, Awruch J, Dicelio L. Photophysical properties of Zn(II) phthalocyaninates incorporated into liposomes. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424602000166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic phthalocyanines are used as potential photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy. The low water solubility of most of these dyes is the reason that different kinds of vehicles are employed as endogenous carriers. Due to the photophysical inactivity of the phthalocyanine aggregates, it is important to improve their solubility in order to study dyes in solid tumor models. On the other hand, the photodynamic therapy activity depends on the location of phthalocyanines in the cell and the interaction of cellular components. In this work, the photophysical properties of tetrasubstituted Zn ( II ) phthalocyanines with different lipophilic properties are incorporated into liposomes of L-α-dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC). The fluorescence quantum yields, the association constants and their localization in the membranes are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam E. Rodriguez
- INQUIMAE, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria, (1428) Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, (1113) Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Josefina Awruch
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, (1113) Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lelia Dicelio
- INQUIMAE, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria, (1428) Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Synthesis and comparative photodynamic properties of two isosteric alkyl substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanines. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:5532-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Revised: 09/07/2011] [Accepted: 09/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Rodriguez ME, Diz VE, Awruch J, Dicelio LE. Photophysics of Zinc (II) Phthalocyanine Polymer and Gel Formulation. Photochem Photobiol 2010; 86:513-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2009.00702.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Photophysicochemical and fluorescence quenching studies of tetra- and octa-carboxy substituted silicon and germanium phthalocyanines. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2009.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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19
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Meichtry JM, Rivera V, Di Iorio Y, Rodríguez HB, Román ES, Grela MA, Litter MI. Photoreduction of Cr(vi) using hydroxoaluminiumtricarboxymonoamide phthalocyanine adsorbed on TiO2. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2009; 8:604-12. [DOI: 10.1039/b816441j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Strassert CA, Bilmes GM, Awruch J, Dicelio LE. Comparative photophysical investigation of oxygen and sulfur as covalent linkers on octaalkylamino substituted zinc(ii) phthalocyanines. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2008; 7:738-47. [DOI: 10.1039/b802709a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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21
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Idowu M, Ogunsipe A, Nyokong T. Excited state dynamics of zinc and aluminum phthalocyanine carboxylates. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2007; 68:995-9. [PMID: 17324619 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2007.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2006] [Revised: 01/22/2007] [Accepted: 01/24/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Photophysical parameters for zinc and aluminium tetracarboxylphthalocyanines (ZnTCPc and AlTCPc, respectively) and their octacarboxy substituted counterparts (ZnOCPc and AlOCPc) were studied. Data for the fluorescence quenching of the complexes by benzoquinone (BQ) were treated using the Stern-Volmer analysis, and the quenching was found to follow a diffusion-controlled (dynamic) bimolecular mechanism. Theoretical values of bimolecular rate constant for complex-BQ interactions were determined using the Stokes-Einstein-Smoluchowski model; and the values, together with the Stern-Volmer quenching constants were used in calculating the fluorescence lifetimes of the complexes. The thermodynamics of the MPc-BQ interaction, in terms of solvent reorientation energy is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mopelola Idowu
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
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Speirs NM, Ebenezer WJ, Jones AC. Observation of a Fluorescent Dimer of a Sulfonated Phthalocyanine¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2002)0760247ooafdo2.0.co2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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23
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Montanari J, Perez AP, Di Salvo F, Diz V, Barnadas R, Dicelio L, Doctorovich F, Morilla MJ, Romero EL. Photodynamic ultradeformable liposomes: Design and characterization. Int J Pharm 2007; 330:183-94. [PMID: 17157460 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2006] [Revised: 11/02/2006] [Accepted: 11/03/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophobic ([tetrakis(2,4-dimetil-3-pentyloxi)-phthalocyaninate]zinc(II)) (ZnPc) and hydrophilic ([tetrakis(N,N,N-trimethylammoniumetoxi)-phthalocyaninate]zinc(II) tetraiodide) (ZnPcMet) phthalocyanines were synthesized and loaded in ultradeformable liposomes (UDL) of soybean phosphatidylcholine and sodium cholate (6:1, w/w, ratio), resulting 100 nm mean size vesicles of negative Zeta potential, with encapsulation efficiencies of 85 and 53%, enthalpy of phase transition of 5.33 and 158 J/mmol for ZnPc and ZnPcMet, respectively, indicating their deep and moderate partition into UD matrices. Matrix elasticity of UDL-phthalocyanines resulted 28-fold greater than that of non-UDL, leaking only 25% of its inner aqueous content after passage through a nanoporous barrier versus 100% leakage for non-UDL. UDL-ZnPc made ZnPc soluble in aqueous buffer while kept the monomeric state, rendering singlet oxygen quantum yield (Phi(Delta)) similar to that obtained in ethanol (0.61), whereas UDL-ZnPcMet had a four-fold higher Phi(Delta) than that of free ZnPcMet (0.21). Free phthalocyanines were non-toxic at 1 and 10 microM, both in dark or upon irradiation at 15 J/cm2 on Vero and J-774 cells (MTT assay). Only liposomal ZnPc at 10 microM was toxic for J-774 cells under both conditions. Additionally, endo-lysosomal confinement of the HPTS dye was kept after irradiation at 15 J/cm2 in the presence of UDL-phtalocyanines. This could lead to improve effects of singlet oxygen against intra-vesicular pathogen targets inside the endo-lysosomal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Montanari
- Laboratorio de Diseño de Estrategias de Targeting de Drogas (LDTD), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Saenz Peña 180, Bernal B1876BXD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Kostka M, Zimcik P, Miletin M, Klemera P, Kopecky K, Musil Z. Comparison of aggregation properties and photodynamic activity of phthalocyanines and azaphthalocyanines. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2005.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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25
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Mirenda M, Lagorio MG, San Román E. Photophysics on surfaces: determination of absolute fluorescence quantum yields from reflectance spectra. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:3690-7. [PMID: 15875401 DOI: 10.1021/la035923x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A method for the calculation of absolute fluorescence quantum yields for dyes attached to solid particles based on reflectance measurements is reported. The same procedure allows calculation of true reflectance spectra (free of fluorescence) for highly fluorescent materials as well. Samples ofcresyl violet were immobilized by adsorption on microgranular cellulose in the concentration range 4.5 x 10(-9) to 3.8 x 10(-6) mol g(-1). Diffuse and total reflectance spectra were recorded with and without insertion of an optical absorption filter between the output of the integrating sphere of a reflectance spectrometer and the photodetector in order to block fluorescence partially. From these data, the relative emission spectrum of the dye, the filter transmission spectrum, and the detector sensitivity, true reflectances and absolute fluorescence quantum yields were recovered. Observed fluorescence quantum yields, affected by dye aggregation and inner filter effects, were concentration and wavelength dependent, ranging approximately between 0.1 and 0.6. The analysis of remission function spectra showed that dye aggregation is negligible up to a concentration of 1.41 x 10(-7) mol g(-1). Fluorescence data were corrected for reemission and reabsorption using a suitable model [Lagorio, M. G.; Dicelio, L. E.; Litter, M. I.; San Roman, E. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1998, 94, 419]. Application of this model to samples showing no aggregation yielded a wavelength-independent true fluorescence quantum yield of 0.60 +/- 0.05, similar to values found in solution. The usage of cresyl violet as a reference for the evaluation of fluorescence quantum yields for weakly fluorescing samples in the solid phase is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Mirenda
- INQUIMAE/DQIAyQF, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Rodriguez ME, Morán F, Bonansea A, Monetti M, Fernández DA, Strassert CA, Rivarola V, Awruch J, Dicelio LE. A comparative study of the photophysical and phototoxic properties of octakis(decyloxy)phthalocyaninato zinc(ii), incorporated in a hydrophilic polymer, in liposomes and in non-ionic micelles. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2003; 2:988-94. [PMID: 14606753 DOI: 10.1039/b303428n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Factors such as charge, aggregation and lipophilicity influence photosensitiser localisation. The lipophilic octasubstituted sensitiser 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octakis(decyloxy)phthalocyaninato zinc(II) was incorporated into liposomes of dimyristoyl-L-alpha-phosphatidylcholine (DMPC), non-ionic micelles of Tween 80 and the hydrosoluble polymer Solutol HS 15 in order to investigate how these different environments affect the photophysical properties and phototoxicity of the photosensitiser. Fluorescence quantum yields and singlet molecular oxygen generation are enhanced in the presence of Solutol HS 15. Phototoxicities were calculated by employing a concentration of 10(-7) M of the dye against the Hep-2 cell line, which showed a viability of 53 and 30% in DMPC and Solutol HS 15, respectively. After 24 h of photodynamic therapy with 15 min irradiation, apoptotic and necrotic cells were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam E Rodriguez
- INQUIMAE, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Abstract
With very few exceptions, phthalocyanine dimers are found to be nonfluorescent. We report here the observation of a fluorescent dimer of a tetrasulfonated copper phthalocyanine in ethanol and water. Fluorescence excitation and emission spectra at room temperature and at 77 K are presented. These are consistent with the conventional model of exciton coupling in a cofacial dimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil M Speirs
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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28
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Lang K, Kubát P, Mosinger J, Wagnerová D. Photochemical consequences of porphyrin and phthalocyanine aggregation on nucleoprotein histone. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(98)00380-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Fernández DA, Awruch J, Dicelio LE. Synthesis and photophysical properties of a new cationic water-soluble Zn phthalocyanine. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 1997; 41:227-32. [PMID: 9447719 DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(97)00106-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of tetrakis (1,1-dimethyl-2-trimethylammonium)ethylphthalocyaninato Zn(II) tetraiodide 2--a new cationic phthalocyanine--is reported as well as its photophysical properties in water, relevant for the use of this dye as photodynamic sensitizer. The hydrophobicity of the macrocycle leads to strong aggregation which lowers the fluorescence and singlet oxygen quantum yields of aqueous solutions of 2. Photophysical parameters agree with those of other Zn phthalocyanines when correction is performed for the fraction of light absorbed by the monomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Fernández
- INQUIMAE, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Phthalocyanines bound to insoluble polystyrene. Synthesis and properties as energy-transfer photosensitizers. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(97)00096-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Fernández DA, Awruch J, Dicelio LE. Photophysical and Aggregation Studies of t-Butyl-Substituted Zn Phthalocyanines. Photochem Photobiol 1996. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1996.tb09631.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Hodak J, Quinteros C, Litter MI, Román ES. Sensitization of TiO2with phthalocyanines. Part 1.—Photo-oxidations using hydroxoaluminium tricarboxymonoamidephthalocyanine adsorbed on TiO2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1039/ft9969205081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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34
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Fernández DA, Dicelio LE, Awruch J. Synthesis and properties of two newN-alkyl substituted phthalocyanines. J Heterocycl Chem 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570320224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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