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Mishchenko TA, Turubanova VD, Mitroshina EV, Alzeibak R, Peskova NN, Lermontova SA, Klapshina LG, Balalaeva IV, Vedunova MV, Krysko DV. Effect of novel porphyrazine photosensitizers on normal and tumor brain cells. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e201960077. [PMID: 31595675 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201960077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved procedure for targeting tumor cells. Though several different photosensitizers have been developed, there is still much demand for novel photosensitizers with improved properties. In this study we aim to characterize the accumulation, localization and dark cytotoxicity of the novel photosensitizers developed in-house derivatives of porphyrazines (pz I-IV) in primary murine neuronal cells, as well as to identify the concentrations at which pz still effectively induces death in glioma cells yet is nontoxic to nontransformed cells. The study shows that incubation of primary neuronal and glioma cells with pz I-IV leads to their accumulation in both types of cells, but their rates of internalization, subcellular localization and dark toxicity differ significantly. Pz II was the most promising photosensitizer. It efficiently killed glioma cells while remaining nontoxic to primary neuronal cells. This opens up the possibility of evaluating pz II for experimental PDT for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana A Mishchenko
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Victoria D Turubanova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Elena V Mitroshina
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Razan Alzeibak
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Nina N Peskova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana A Lermontova
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Larisa G Klapshina
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Irina V Balalaeva
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Maria V Vedunova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitri V Krysko
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
- Cell Death Investigation and Therapy (CDIT) Laboratory, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
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Gupta S, Mishra AK, Muralidhar K, Jain V. Improved Targeting of Photosensitizers by Intratumoral Administration of Immunoconjugates. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2016; 3:295-301. [PMID: 15161322 DOI: 10.1177/153303460400300307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodistribution of technetium (99m Tc) labeled hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD, Photosan-3) conjugated to a monoclonal antibody to carcinoembryonic antigen (anti-CEA) was compared following intravenous ( i.v.) and intratumoral ( i.t.) administration in solid Ehrlich ascites tumor bearing mice. Images of mice at different time intervals were acquired after injection of radiolabeled PS-3 in either conjugated or unconjugated forms. Quantitative estimation of the radiolabel in different tissues was performed by selecting the different region of interests (ROIs). Maximum accumulation of both free and antibody conjugated PS-3 following i.v. administration was observed in liver followed by tumor. Tumor/muscle (T/N) ratio was more with free PS-3 compared to conjugated PS-3. Pharmacokinetics of free and conjugated PS-3 was also different with faster accumulation of conjugated PS-3 in the tumor. With intratumoral administration of anti-CEA-PS-3-99m Tc, specific accumulation and retention of the sensitizer was observed in the tumor tissue. Since, direct injection of antibody conjugated photosensitizer into the tumor resulted in longer retention of the dye in the tumor with no accumulation in the normal tissues, the present results imply that the toxicity to normal tissues could be reduced significantly with selective destruction of the tumor following photodynamic treatment with the use of i.t. administration of specific antibodies conjugated to photosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Gupta
- Division of Biocybernetics and Radiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. S. K. Mazumdar Road, Timarpur, Delhi-110054, India.
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Guo B, Cai X, Xu S, Fateminia SMA, Liu J, Liang J, Feng G, Wu W, Liu B. Decoration of porphyrin with tetraphenylethene: converting a fluorophore with aggregation-caused quenching to aggregation-induced emission enhancement. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:4690-4695. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb01159d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A new porphyrin derivative with aggregation-induced emission enhancement was synthesized via tetraphenylethene decoration and it demonstrates bright imaging ability in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Guo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576
| | - Xiaolei Cai
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576
| | - Shidang Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576
| | | | - Jie Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576
| | - Jing Liang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576
| | - Guangxue Feng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576
| | - Wenbo Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576
- Institute of Materials Research Engineering
- Singapore 117602
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Guyotat J, Pallud J, Armoiry X, Pavlov V, Metellus P. 5-Aminolevulinic Acid-Protoporphyrin IX Fluorescence-Guided Surgery of High-Grade Gliomas: A Systematic Review. Adv Tech Stand Neurosurg 2016:61-90. [PMID: 26508406 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-21359-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The current first-line treatment of malignant gliomas consists in surgical resection (if possible) as large as possible. The existing tools don't permit to identify the limits of tumor infiltration, which goes beyond the zone of contrast enhancement on MRI. The fluorescence-guided malignant gliomas surgery was started 15 years ago and had become a standard of care in many countries. The technique is based on fluorescent molecule revelation using the filters, positioned within the surgical microscope. The fluorophore, protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), is converted in tumoral cells from 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), given orally before surgery. Many studies have shown that the ratio of gross total resections was higher if the fluorescence technique was used. The fluorescence signal intensity is correlated to the cell density and the PpIX concentration. The current method has a very high specificity but still lower sensibility, particularly regarding the zones with poor tumoral infiltration. This book reviews the principles of the technique and the results (extent of resection and survival).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Guyotat
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Hospital, Lyon, France.
| | - Johan Pallud
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris, France.
- Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.
| | - Xavier Armoiry
- Délégation à la recherche clinique et à l'innovation, cellule innovation Hospices Civils de, Lyon, France.
| | - Vladislav Pavlov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Hospital, Lyon, France.
| | - Philippe Metellus
- Department of Neurosurgery, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France.
- University Aix Marseille, Marseille, France.
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Tetard MC, Vermandel M, Mordon S, Lejeune JP, Reyns N. Experimental use of photodynamic therapy in high grade gliomas: a review focused on 5-aminolevulinic acid. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2014; 11:319-30. [PMID: 24905843 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) consists of a laser light exposure of tumor cells photosensitized by general or local administration of a pharmacological agent. Nowadays, PDT is a clinically established modality for treatment of many cancers. 5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) induced protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) has proven its rational in fluoro-guided resection of malignant gliomas due to a selective tumor uptake and minimal skin sensitization. Moreover, the relatively specific accumulation of photosensitizing PPIX within the tumor cells has gained interest in the PDT of malignant gliomas. Several experimental and clinical studies have then established ALA-PDT as a valuable adjuvant therapy in the management of malignant gliomas. However, the procedure still requires optimizations in the fields of tissue oxygenation status, photosensitizer concentration or scheme of laser light illumination. In this extensive review, we focused on the methods and results of ALA-PDT for treating malignant gliomas in experimental conditions. The biological mechanisms, the effects on tumor and normal brain tissue, and finally the critical issues to optimize the efficacy of ALA-PDT were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Charlotte Tetard
- University Hospital of Lille - CHRU, Lille F59000, France; Université de Lille 2, Lille F59000, France; Inserm, U703 - ThIAIS, Loos F59120, France
| | - Maximilien Vermandel
- University Hospital of Lille - CHRU, Lille F59000, France; Université de Lille 2, Lille F59000, France; Inserm, U703 - ThIAIS, Loos F59120, France.
| | | | - Jean-Paul Lejeune
- University Hospital of Lille - CHRU, Lille F59000, France; Université de Lille 2, Lille F59000, France; Inserm, U703 - ThIAIS, Loos F59120, France
| | - Nicolas Reyns
- University Hospital of Lille - CHRU, Lille F59000, France; Université de Lille 2, Lille F59000, France; Inserm, U703 - ThIAIS, Loos F59120, France
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In vitro lethal effect of photodynamic therapy on human pancreatic cancer cells and its major influencing factors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11805-011-0575-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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D'Hallewin MA, Kochetkov D, Viry-Babel Y, Leroux A, Werkmeister E, Dumas D, Gräfe S, Zorin V, Guillemin F, Bezdetnaya L. Photodynamic therapy with intratumoral administration of Lipid-Based mTHPC in a model of breast cancer recurrence. Lasers Surg Med 2009; 40:543-9. [PMID: 18798287 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.20662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Generalized skin sensitization is a main drawback of photodynamic therapy with systemic administration of photosensitizers. We have evaluated the potential use of an intratumoral injection of a liposomal formulation of mTHPC (Foslip) in a mouse model of local recurrence of breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were directly injected into the tumor (IT) with 25 microl of a Foslip suspension (0.15 mg/ml) and illumination (652 nm, 20 J/cm(2)) was performed at different time points with pathological assessment after 48 hours. In a parallel mice series plasma samples were obtained at different endpoints after IT Foslip injection for HPLC analysis and the tumors were subjected in toto to macrofluorescence imaging. Fluorescence polarization measurements were conducted in vitro to estimate the rate of sensitizer redistribution from liposomes. RESULTS Optimal, albeit partial, cure rates were obtained at 24 hours post-sensitizer and uninistration. Inhomogeneous and weak fluorescence was observed at early time points and became maximal at 24 hours. Plasma levels of mTHPC increased until 15 hours. Fluorescence polarization measurements showed a slow sensitizer transfer from liposomes to model membranes. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The weak intratumoral fluorescence at early time points could be explained by concentration quenching within the liposomes as evidenced from fluorescence polarization studies. Progressive mTHPC redistribution from liposomes and its further incorporation into tumor tissue resulted in fluorescence build-up over time with a maximum at 24 hours post-injection. This correlates perfectly with the best therapeutic effect at this time point. The absence of total cure can be attributed to inhomogeneous photosensitizer distribution. mTHPC is reabsorbed into the blood stream but the total administered amount is much reduced as opposed to systemic administration so that repeated PDT sessions might be favorable in terms of side effects and tumor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Ange D'Hallewin
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Nancy-University, CNRS, Centre Alexis Vautrin, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France.
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Abstract
A 3-chip CCD imaging system has been developed for quantitative in vivo fluorescence imaging. This incorporates a ratiometric algorithm to correct for the effects of tissue optical absorption and scattering, imaging “geometry” and tissue autofluorescence background. The performance was characterized, and the algorithm was validated in tissue-simulating optical phantoms for quantitative measurement of the fluorescent molecule protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). The technical feasibility to use this system for fluorescence-guided surgical resection of malignant brain tumor tissue was assessed in an animal model in which PpIX was induced exogenously in the tumor cells by systemic administration of aminolevulinic acid (ALA).
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Kostron H, Fiegele T, Akatuna E. Combination of FOSCAN® mediated fluorescence guided resection and photodynamic treatment as new therapeutic concept for malignant brain tumors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mla.2006.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wagnières GA, Star WM, Wilson BC. In vivo fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging for oncological applications. Photochem Photobiol 1998. [PMID: 9825692 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1998.tb02521.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 505] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G A Wagnières
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Stummer W, Stocker S, Novotny A, Heimann A, Sauer O, Kempski O, Plesnila N, Wietzorrek J, Reulen HJ. In vitro and in vivo porphyrin accumulation by C6 glioma cells after exposure to 5-aminolevulinic acid. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 1998; 45:160-9. [PMID: 9868806 DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(98)00176-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Several malignant tissues synthesize endogenous porphyrins after exposure to 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). The present experiments have been designed to elucidate whether the C6 glioma cell, a model cell for human malignant glioma, similarly synthesizes porphyrins when exposed to 5-ALA, and whether specific synthesis occurs when C6 cells are inoculated into rat brains to form a tumor. In this situation the blood-brain barrier may interfere with 5-ALA availability, and spreading of porphyrins with edema outside the tumor may occur. Flow cytometry is used to determine the course of cell volume and porphyrin fluorescence intensities in cultured C6 cells which are incubated in 1 mM 5-ALA. For the induction of experimental brain tumors, 10(4) untreated C6 cells are inoculated into the brains of rats. After 9 days animals receive 100 mg 5-ALA/kg body weight. Brains are removed after 3, 6, or 9 h and frozen coronal sections obtained for H/E staining or fluorescence spectography. Cultured C6 cells show a linear increase of protoporphyrin IX fluorescence after exposure to 5-ALA, which begins to plateau after 85 min. Marked fluorescence is also observed in solid and infiltrating experimental tumor. However, faint fluorescence also occurs in normal tissue, basal pia, choroid plexus, and, more obviously, in white-matter tracts bordering the tumor (maximal distance: 1.5 +/- 0.7 mm). The observations demonstrate that C6 cells synthesize protoporphyrin IX after exposure to 5-ALA in vitro and in vivo. However, when utilizing 5-ALA for fluorescence detection or photodynamic therapy of brain tumors, attention should be paid to the possibility of protoporphyrin IX occurring outside the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Stummer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
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Kostron H, Obwegeser A, Jakober R. Photodynamic therapy in neurosurgery: a review. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 1996; 36:157-68. [PMID: 9002253 DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(96)07364-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been investigated extensively, both experimentally and clinically, as an adjunctive treatment in the neuro-oncological field. It is based on the more selective accumulation of a photosensitizer in malignant than normal tissue with low systemic toxicity. Subsequent light activation induces photo-oxidation, followed by selective tumour destruction via vascular and direct cellular mechanisms. Malignant brain tumours carry a lethal prognosis with a median survival of 15 months despite surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. PDT is therefore a logical therapeutic concept for brain tumours infiltrating into normal brain. In this review, all the available data on patients treated with haematoporphyrin derivative-mediated PDT are critically analysed. Over 310 patients have been reported in the literature suffering from primary or recurrent malignant brain tumours which were treated with PDT following tumour resection in open clinical phase I/II trials. This number includes 58 patients treated at our own institution. Variations in the treatment protocols make evaluation scientifically difficult; however, there is a clear trend of increased median survival after surgical resection and one single photodynamic treatment. PDT is generally well tolerated and side effects consist of moderate increased intracranial pressure and prolonged skin sensitivity to direct sunlight. The current available data indicate that PDT is a safe treatment, which is well tolerated by the patients and yields an improvement in survival of those with malignant brain tumours. Conclusive information can be expected from controlled clinical trials which are currently being designed. The results raise the hope that PDT will be a valuable addition to the armamentarium for the treatment of cerebral malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kostron
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Innsbruck, Austria
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Lilge L, Olivo MC, Schatz SW, MaGuire JA, Patterson MS, Wilson BC. The sensitivity of normal brain and intracranially implanted VX2 tumour to interstitial photodynamic therapy. Br J Cancer 1996; 73:332-43. [PMID: 8562339 PMCID: PMC2074425 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.1996.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The applicability and limitations of a photodynamic threshold model, used to describe quantitatively the in vivo response of tissues to photodynamic therapy, are currently being investigated in a variety of normal and malignant tumour tissues. The model states that tissue necrosis occurs when the number of photons absorbed by the photosensitiser per unit tissue volume exceeds a threshold. New Zealand White rabbits were sensitised with porphyrin-based photosensitisers. Normal brain or intracranially implanted VX2 tumours were illuminated via an optical fibre placed into the tissue at craniotomy. The light fluence distribution in the tissue was measured by multiple interstitial optical fibre detectors. The tissue concentration of the photosensitiser was determined post mortem by absorption spectroscopy. The derived photodynamic threshold values for normal brain are significantly lower than for VX2 tumour for all photosensitisers examined. Neuronal damage is evident beyond the zone of frank necrosis. For Photofrin the threshold decreases with time delay between photosensitiser administration and light treatment. No significant difference in threshold is found between Photofrin and haematoporphyrin derivative. The threshold in normal brain (grey matter) is lowest for sensitisation by 5 delta-aminolaevulinic acid. The results confirm the very high sensitivity of normal brain to porphyrin photodynamic therapy and show the importance of in situ light fluence monitoring during photodynamic irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lilge
- McMaster University, Hamilton ONT, Canada
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