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Padmanaban S, Ganesan V, Yoon S, Lee Y. Reductive Carbonylation of Nitroarenes Using a Heterogenized Phen-Pd Catalyst. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:1552-1561. [PMID: 34989233 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The reductive carbonylation of nitroarenes in the presence of MeOH and CO(g) is one of the interesting alternative routes without utilizing toxic phosgene and corrosive HCl generation for the synthesis of industrially useful carbamate compounds that serve as important intermediates for polyurethane production. Since homogeneous palladium catalysts supported by phen (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) are known to be effective for this catalysis, the heterogenized Pd catalyst was developed using the phen-containing solid support. In this study, we report the synthesis of a phen-based heterogeneous Pd catalyst, Pd@phen-POP, which involves the solvent knitting of a phen scaffold via the Lewis-acid-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts reaction using dichloromethane as a source for linker in the presence of AlCl3 as a catalyst. The resulting solid material has been thoroughly characterized by various physical methods revealing high porosity and surface area. Similar to the homogeneous pallidum catalyst, this heterogeneous catalyst shows efficient reductive carbonylation of various nitroarenes. The catalytic reaction using nitrobenzene as a model compound presents a high turnover number (TON = 530) and a reasonable turnover frequency (TOF = 45 h-1), with a high selectivity (92%) for the carbamate formation. According to the recycling study, the heterogeneous catalyst is recyclable and retains ∼90% of the original reactivity in each cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudakar Padmanaban
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Vinothkumar Ganesan
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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2
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Abstract
CO2 is a compound of high stability which proves useful in some organic syntheses as a solvent or component decreasing explosivity of gases. It is also a good carbonylating agent for aliphatic amines although not for aromatic ones, the latter being carbonylated with phosgene or, as in our previous works, with CO/O2 in the presence of Pd(II) complexes. In this work we have used the mixture of CO/O2 and CO2 for carbonylation of aniline to N,N’-diphenylurea. After optimization of the reaction conditions (56% of CO2 in CO2/CO mixture) we studied the activity of three kinds of pre-catalysts: (a) Pd(II) complexes, (b) Pdblack, and (c) palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) in the presence of derivatives of pyridine (XnPy). The highest conversion of aniline (with selectivity towards N,N-diphenylurea ca. 90%) was observed for PdNPs. The results show that catalytic cycle involves Pd(0) stabilized by pyridine ligand as active species. Basing on this observation, we put the hypothesis that application of PdNPs instead of Pd(II) complex can efficiently reduce the reaction time.
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3
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Bano K, Anga S, Jain A, Nayek HP, Panda TK. Hydroamination of isocyanates and isothiocyanates by alkaline earth metal initiators supported by a bulky iminopyrrolyl ligand. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj01509a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of heteroleptic and homoleptic alkaline earth metal complexes supported by bulky bis-iminopyrrolyl ligands are reported. The catalytic hydroamination of isocyanates and isothiocyanates with aryl amines using calcium complex is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kulsum Bano
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Kandi
- Sangareddy
- India
| | - Srinivas Anga
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Kandi
- Sangareddy
- India
| | - Archana Jain
- Department of Physics and Chemistry
- Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Technology
- Gandipet
- Hyderabad 500075
- India
| | - Hari Pada Nayek
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology (ISM)
- Dhanbad
- India
| | - Tarun K. Panda
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Kandi
- Sangareddy
- India
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4
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Inaloo ID, Majnooni S. A Fe3
O4
@SiO2
/Schiff Base/Pd Complex as an Efficient Heterogeneous and Recyclable Nanocatalyst for One-Pot Domino Synthesis of Carbamates and Unsymmetrical Ureas. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iman Dindarloo Inaloo
- Chemistry Department; College of Sciences; Shiraz University; 84795 71946 Shiraz Iran
| | - Sahar Majnooni
- Chemistry Department; College of Sciences; University of Isfahan; 81746-73441 Isfahan Iran
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5
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Reduction of Nitrobenzene to Aniline by CO/H2O in the Presence of Palladium Nanoparticles. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9050404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The transformation of aromatic nitrocompounds into amines by CO/H2O is catalyzed by palladium(II) complexes. Recently, we have proposed that the catalytic cycle includes Pd0 as the transient intermediate and herein, for the first time, we describe the application of palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) stabilized by monodentate N-heterocyclic ligands as nanocatalysts facilitating the reduction of Ar–NO2 into Ar–NH2 by CO/H2O. Among the series—Pd(II) complexes, PdNPs and commercial Pdblack—the highest catalytic activity was observed for PdNPs (3.0 ± 0.5 nm) stabilized by 4-Me-pyridine in the presence of 2-Cl-pyridine. The results may be helpful for mechanistic considerations on the role of metallic nanoparticles as active species in other organic processes.
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Ferretti F, Barraco E, Gatti C, Ramadan DR, Ragaini F. Palladium/iodide catalyzed oxidative carbonylation of aniline to diphenylurea: Effect of ppm amounts of iron salts. J Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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7
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Leitner W, Franciò G, Scott M, Westhues C, Langanke J, Lansing M, Hussong C, Erdkamp E. Carbon2Polymer - Chemical Utilization of CO2in the Production of Isocyanates. CHEM-ING-TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201800040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Walter Leitner
- RWTH-Aachen University; ITMC; Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
- RWTH-Aachen University; CAT Catalytic Center; Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion; Stiftstraße 34 - 36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | | | - Martin Scott
- RWTH-Aachen University; ITMC; Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| | | | - Jens Langanke
- RWTH-Aachen University; CAT Catalytic Center; Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
- Covestro Deutschland AG; Catalysis and Technology Incubation; 51368 Leverkusen Germany
| | - Markus Lansing
- RWTH-Aachen University; CAT Catalytic Center; Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Christine Hussong
- RWTH-Aachen University; CAT Catalytic Center; Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Eric Erdkamp
- RWTH-Aachen University; CAT Catalytic Center; Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
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8
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Ferretti F, Rimoldi M, Ragaini F, Macchi P. Reaction of arylhydroxylamines with [Pd(Neoc)(NO3)2] (Neoc = neocuproine). Non-innocent behavior of the nitrate anion. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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9
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Harinath A, Bano K, Ahmed S, Panda TK. 2-Picolylamino(diphenylphosphinoselenoic)amide supported zinc complexes: Efficient catalyst for insertion of N–H bond into carbodiimides, isocyanates, and isothiocyanate. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2017.1370590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adimulam Harinath
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Kulsum Bano
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Shakil Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Tarun K. Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
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10
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Bhattacharjee J, Das S, Kottalanka RK, Panda TK. Hydroamination of carbodiimides, isocyanates, and isothiocyanates by a bis(phosphinoselenoic amide) supported titanium(iv) complex. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:17824-17832. [PMID: 27774537 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt03063g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The hydroamination of heterocumulenes such as carbodiimides, isocyanates, and isothiocyanates by a bis(phosphinoselenoic amide) supported titanium(iv) complex as a precatalyst is reported here. The titanium(iv) complex [{Ph2P(Se)NCH2CH2NPPh2(Se)}Ti(NMe2)2] (1) was synthesised by the reaction of tetrakis-(dimethylamido)titanium(iv) [Ti(NMe2)4] with [{Ph2P(Se)NHCH2CH2NHPPh2(Se)}] in toluene at ambient temperature. Titanium complex 1 proved to be a competent pre-catalyst for the addition of an amine N-H bond to carbodiimides, isocyanates, and isothiocyanates. The reaction scope was expanded to reactions of aliphatic and aromatic amines with phenylisocyanates and phenylisothiocyanates in toluene solvents proceeding rapidly at room temperature with 5 mol% catalyst loadings to yield the corresponding urea and thio-urea derivatives up to 99%. However, ambient temperature was needed for hydroamination of 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. The amine addition reactions with isocyanates showed first order kinetics with respect to catalyst 1 as well as substrates. The most plausible mechanism for the hydroamination reaction was established by isolating 1,1-dimethylphenyl urea as a side product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayeeta Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India.
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11
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Xie T, Yang L, Sun X, Jiang J, Zhang X, Luo Y, Zhang G. UV gelation of single-component polyacrylates bearing dinitrobenzoate side groups. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:9383-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04070e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polyacrylates bearing dinitrobenzoate side groups undergo sol–gel–sol transformations in DMF or THF solutions regulated by alternating UV light and dark conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongqing Xie
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
| | - Li Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
- Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials
| | - Xingxing Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
- Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials
| | - Xuepeng Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
| | - Yi Luo
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
- Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
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12
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Mena I, Casado MA, Polo V, García-Orduña P, Lahoz FJ, Oro LA. The Dehydrogenation of Alcohols through a Concerted Bimetallic Mechanism Involving an Amido-Bridged Diiridium Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201202936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Mena I, Casado MA, Polo V, García-Orduña P, Lahoz FJ, Oro LA. The Dehydrogenation of Alcohols through a Concerted Bimetallic Mechanism Involving an Amido-Bridged Diiridium Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:8259-63. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201202936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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14
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Krogul A, Cedrowski J, Wiktorska K, Ozimiński WP, Skupińska J, Litwinienko G. Crystal structure, electronic properties and cytotoxic activity of palladium chloride complexes with monosubstituted pyridines. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:658-66. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt11412c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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15
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Krogul A, Skupińska J, Litwinienko G. Catalytic activity of PdCl2 complexes with pyridines in nitrobenzene carbonylation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2011.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Oelkers B, Sundermeyer J. Sulfonate-tagged 1,4-diazabutadiene (DADS) ligands and their noble-metal complexes – synthesis, characterization and immobilization in ionic liquids. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:12727-41. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt10939a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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17
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Kim JH, Kim DW, Cheong MS, Kim HS, Mukherjee DK. Catalytic Activity of Supported Rhodium(I) Complex for the Carbonylation of Nitrobenzene: Mechanism for Carbamate Formation. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2010.31.6.1621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Zhang X, Jing H, Zhang G. Selenium-Catalyzed Oxidative Carbonylation of Aniline and Alcohols to N-Phenylcarbamates. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910903134626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Zhang
- a College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Henan Normal University , Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Huanzhi Jing
- a College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Henan Normal University , Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Guisheng Zhang
- a College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Henan Normal University , Xinxiang, Henan, China
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19
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Mechanistic Study of the Palladium-Phenanthroline Catalyzed Carbonylation of Nitroarenes and Amines: Palladium-Carbonyl Intermediates and Bifunctional Effects. Chemistry 2009; 15:8064-8077. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200801882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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20
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Ragaini F. Away from phosgene: reductive carbonylation of nitroarenes and oxidative carbonylation of amines, understanding the mechanism to improve performance. Dalton Trans 2009:6251-66. [PMID: 19655055 DOI: 10.1039/b902425p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress, with some emphasis on the author's own work, on the understanding of the mechanism of the reductive carbonylation of nitroarenes and of the oxidative carbonylation of amines is discussed, highlighting the close connection between the two reactions and trying to unify scattered data in the literature. Isocyanates, carbamates and ureas can be obtained by either procedure, without the need for the use of the toxic and corrosive phosgene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Ragaini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Metallorganica e Analitica Lamberto Malatesta and ISTM-CNR, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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21
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Indole synthesis: palladium-catalyzed C–H bond amination via reduction of nitroalkenes with carbon monoxide. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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22
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Mei FM, Chen LJ, Li GX. A study on the heterobinuclear site of Co(salen)/TiO2SiO2catalysts in the oxidative carbonylation of aniline. Appl Organomet Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.1577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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23
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Barrett AGM, Boorman TC, Crimmin MR, Hill MS, Kociok-Köhn G, Procopiou PA. Heavier group 2 element-catalysed hydroamination of isocyanates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:5206-8. [PMID: 18956070 DOI: 10.1039/b809649j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The heteroleptic calcium amides [{ArNC(Me)CHC(Me)NAr}Ca(NR(2))(THF)] (Ar=2,6-di-iso-propylphenyl, R=SiMe(3), Ph) and the homoleptic heavier alkaline earth amides, [M{N(SiMe(3))(2)}(2)] (M=Ca, Sr and Ba) are reported as pre-catalysts for the hydroamination of isocyanates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony G M Barrett
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London, UK SW7 2AZ
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24
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Dai Y, Wang Y, Yao J, Wang Q, Liu L, Chu W, Wang G. Phosgene-Free Synthesis of Phenyl Isocyanate by Catalytic Decomposition of Methyl N-Phenyl Carbamate over Bi2O3 Catalyst. Catal Letters 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-008-9424-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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25
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Gasperini M, Ragaini F, Cenini S, Gallo E, Fantauzzi S. Fluoride effect on the palladium–phenanthroline catalyzed carbonylation of nitroarenes to carbamates. Appl Organomet Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.1292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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26
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Syntheses of polycarbonate and polyurethane precursors utilizing CO2 over highly efficient, solid as-synthesized MCM-41 catalyst. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Lucca Neto VAD, Mauro AE, Ananias SR, Stevanato A, Moro AC. Síntese e emprego do [Pd(dmba)(NCO)(PPh3)] em processos catalíticos envolvendo a preparação de derivados da uréia e de alcoxicarbonil complexos. ECLÉTICA QUÍMICA 2006. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-46702006000300010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Este trabalho trata do emprego do ciclometalado [Pd(dmba) (NCO)(PPh3)] (dmba = N,N-dimetilbenzilamina; PPh3 = trifenilfosfina) em processos catalíticos em fase homogênea, envolvendo a reação entre p-toluidina e p-nitrotolueno, produzindo N,N'-bis(4-metilfenil)uréia. A reação foi realizada a 140 0C, sob pressão inicial de CO de 60 bar. Empregou-se também o mesmo composto em reações de carbonilação na presença dos álcoois metílico e etílico, obtendo-se os alcoxicarbonil complexos [Pd(NCO)(CO2R)(PPh3)2] (R=Me ou Et). Constatou-se que o emprego do [Pd(dmba)(NCO)(PPh3)] nos referidos processos, propiciou a formação dos produtos com bons rendimentos.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. A. de Lucca Neto
- Universidade do Sagrado Coração, Brasil; Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brasil
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28
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The palladium–phenanthroline catalyzed carbonylation of nitroarenes to diarylureas: Effect of chloride and diphenylphosphinic acid. J Organomet Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2005.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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29
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Structural powder diffraction characterization of organometallic species: the role of complementary information. CR CHIM 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2005.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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30
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The effect of the components of the PdCl2/Fe/I2/Py catalytic system on nitrobenzene carbonylation to ethyl N-phenylcarbamate. OPEN CHEM 2005. [DOI: 10.2478/bf02476235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe PdCl2/Fe/I2/Py catalytic system (Py-pyridine), reported to be highly active in the reaction of nitrobenzene carbonylation to ethyl phenylcarbamate was studied. The present paper describes the role of catalyst components and its effect on the activity and selectivity of the catalyst. The increase in the amount of PdCl2 in the system while retaining a constant level of the other catalyst components, results in the increase of both carbamate and aniline yields. The increase in the amount of iron while retaining the other components constant, initially causes an increase in the carbamate yield; however, at Fe: Pd ratios higher than 36, the carbamate yield remains constant. The change in the amount of iron has no effect on the amount of aniline formed in the system. An increase in the amount of iodine in the system while retaining the other components constant, results in a decrease in carbamate yield and a considerable increase in the aniline yield of the reaction products.
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31
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Gasperini M, Ragaini F, Cazzaniga C, Cenini S. Carbonylation of Dinitrotoluene to Dimethyl Toluenedicarbamate; High Efficiency of Phosphorus Acids as Promoters for the Palladium-Phenanthroline Catalytic System. Adv Synth Catal 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200404151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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32
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Gorlov M, Fischer A, Kloo L. Reaction between palladium(II) and gallium(III) halogenides in arenes: influence of halogen nature on the formation of binuclear palladium(I) clusters. J Organomet Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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33
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Chen J, Ling G, Lu S. Synthesis of new unsymmetric N,N′-dipyridylurea derivatives by selenium and selenium dioxide-catalyzed reductive carbonylation of substituted nitropyridines. Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2003.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Feroci M, Casadei MA, Orsini M, Palombi L, Inesi A. Cyanomethyl anion/carbon dioxide system: an electrogenerated carboxylating reagent. Synthesis of carbamates under mild and safe conditions. J Org Chem 2003; 68:1548-51. [PMID: 12585900 DOI: 10.1021/jo0266036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new carboxylating reagent ((-)CH(2)CN/CO(2)) was obtained by bubbling CO(2) in a CH(3)CN-TEAP (tetraethylammonium perchlorate) solution previously electrolyzed under galvanostatic control. Organic carbamates were isolated from these solutions after addition of amines and an alkylating agent. In this paper, we describe the optimized conditions for the electrochemical synthesis of carbamates from amines and CO(2), in mild and safe conditions, without any addition of bases, probases, or catalysts. Carbamates were isolated from primary and secondary aliphatic amines in high to excellent yields and from aromatic amines in moderate yields (dependent on the nucleophilicity of the nitrogen atom).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Feroci
- Dip. Ingegneria Chimica, Materiali, Materie Prime e Metallurgia, Università La Sapienza, via Castro Laurenziano, 7, I-00161 Roma, Italy.
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Mukherjee D, Saha C. Reusuable polymer-anchored catalyst for carbonylation reaction: kinetics and mechanism for diphenylurea formation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1169(02)00458-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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36
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Barloy L, Gauvin R, Osborn J, Sizun C, Graff R, Kyritsakas N. Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Solution Behaviour of Palladium(II) Complexes with Tetrazenido or Amido Ligands and Potentially Tridentate Ligands. Eur J Inorg Chem 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1099-0682(200107)2001:7<1699::aid-ejic1699>3.0.co;2-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Sessanta o Santi A, Milani B, Zangrando E, Mestroni G. Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Palladium Metallacyclic Complex: A Key Intermediate in the Carbonylation of Azobenzene to
N
‐Phenyl Urethane. Eur J Inorg Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1099-0682(200011)2000:11<2351::aid-ejic2351>3.0.co;2-#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Sessanta o Santi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy, Fax: (internat.) + 39‐040/676‐3903
| | - Barbara Milani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy, Fax: (internat.) + 39‐040/676‐3903
| | - Ennio Zangrando
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy, Fax: (internat.) + 39‐040/676‐3903
| | - Giovanni Mestroni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy, Fax: (internat.) + 39‐040/676‐3903
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Ragaini F, Cenini S. Mechanistic study of the Ru3(CO)12/chloride catalyzed carbonylation reactions of nitroarenes to carbamates and ureas; the role of the alkylammonium cation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1169(00)00311-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Catalytic synthesis of isocyanates or carbamates from nitroaromatics using Group VIII transition metal catalysts. Coord Chem Rev 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0010-8545(99)00230-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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41
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A novel palladium catalyst for the synthesis of hydrogen peroxide from carbon monoxide, water and oxygen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1169(99)00218-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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42
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Iwasa T, Shimada H, Takami A, Matsuzaka H, Ishii Y, Hidai M. Preparation of Cationic Dinuclear Hydrido Complexes of Ruthenium, Rhodium, and Iridium with Bridging Thiolato Ligands and Their Reactions with Nitrosobenzene. Inorg Chem 1999; 38:2851-2859. [PMID: 11671030 DOI: 10.1021/ic981274e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of cationic dinuclear hydrido complexes with bridging thiolato ligands [CpMH(&mgr;-SPr(i))(2)MCp][OTf] (4, M = Ru; 6a, M = Rh; 7a, M = Ir; Cp = eta(5)-C(5)Me(5), OTf = OSO(2)CF(3)) were synthesized by treatment of the corresponding chloro complexes [CpRuCl(&mgr;-SPr(i))(2)Ru(OH(2))Cp][OTf] (1) or [CpM(&mgr;-Cl)(&mgr;-SPr(i))(2)MCp][OTf] (2, M = Rh; 3, M = Ir) with HSiEt(3). The dirhodium and diiridium complexes 6 and 7 have been shown to possess a bridging hydrido ligand by crystallographic analysis, while the diruthenium complex 4 is proposed to have a terminal hydrido ligand that undergoes facile migration between the two ruthenium centers in solution. Complexes 4, 6a, and 7a reacted with nitrosobenzene to give the paramagnetic dinuclear nitrosobenzene complexes [CpM(&mgr;-PhNO)(&mgr;-SPr(i))(2)MCp](+) (M = Ru, Rh, Ir) along with azoxybenzene. The molecular structures of the three nitrosobenzene complexes have been determined by X-ray diffraction study to reveal that in each case nitrosobenzene acts as a &mgr;-eta(1):eta(1)-N,O ligand. Judging from the molecular structures and the ESR spectra, the unpaired electron is considered to be located mainly on the nitrosobenzene ligand, at least in the diruthenium and dirhodium complexes. On the other hand, complex 2 reacted with nitrosobenzene to give the incomplete cubane-type trinuclear cluster [(CpRh)(3)(&mgr;-Cl)(2)(&mgr;(3)-S)(&mgr;-SPr(i))](+), whose molecular structure has also been determined crystallographically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Iwasa
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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Islam S, Mal D, Palit B, Saha C. Reductive carbonylation of nitroaromatics using RhA(CO)2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1169(98)00295-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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44
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Ragaini F, Sportiello P, Cenini S. Investigation of the possible role of arylamine formation in the ortho-substituted nitroarenes reductive cyclization reactions to afford heterocycles. J Organomet Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(98)01076-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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45
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Bianchi D, Bortolo R, D'Aloisio R, Ricci M. Zweiphasensynthese von Wasserstoffperoxid aus Kohlenmonoxid, Wasser und Sauerstoff, katalysiert durch Palladiumkomplexe mit zweizähnigen Stickstoffliganden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3757(19990301)111:5<734::aid-ange734>3.0.co;2-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ragaini F, Cenini S, Tollari S, Tummolillo G, Beltrami R. Allylic Amination of Unactivated Olefins by Nitroarenes, Catalyzed by Ruthenium Complexes. A Reaction Involving an Intermolecular C−H Functionalization. Organometallics 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/om980843n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Ragaini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Metallorganica e Analitica and CNR Center, V. G. Venezian 21, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Sergio Cenini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Metallorganica e Analitica and CNR Center, V. G. Venezian 21, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Tollari
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Metallorganica e Analitica and CNR Center, V. G. Venezian 21, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tummolillo
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Metallorganica e Analitica and CNR Center, V. G. Venezian 21, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Beltrami
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Metallorganica e Analitica and CNR Center, V. G. Venezian 21, I-20133 Milano, Italy
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47
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The Role of Alkali Metal Carbonate on the SeO2-Catalyzed Oxidative Carbonylation of Cyclohexylamine and Aniline. J Catal 1998. [DOI: 10.1006/jcat.1998.2074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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48
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Masciocchi N, Ragaini F, Cenini S, Sironi A. Ab Initio XRPD Structure Determination of Organometallic Compounds: The Case of Pd(Phen)(C(O)N(Me)OC(O)), a Model Intermediate in the Palladium−Phenanthroline-Catalyzed Reductive Carbonylation of Aromatic Nitro Compounds. Organometallics 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/om9708438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Norberto Masciocchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Strutturale e Stereochimica Inorganica e Centro CNR, Università di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Metallorganica ed Analitica e Centro CNR, Università di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Fabio Ragaini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Strutturale e Stereochimica Inorganica e Centro CNR, Università di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Metallorganica ed Analitica e Centro CNR, Università di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Sergio Cenini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Strutturale e Stereochimica Inorganica e Centro CNR, Università di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Metallorganica ed Analitica e Centro CNR, Università di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Angelo Sironi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Strutturale e Stereochimica Inorganica e Centro CNR, Università di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Metallorganica ed Analitica e Centro CNR, Università di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
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49
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Inesi A, Mucciante V, Rossi L. A Convenient Method for the Synthesis of Carbamate Esters from Amines and Tetraethylammonium Hydrogen Carbonate. J Org Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jo971695y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Achille Inesi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Ingegneria Chimica e Materiali, Università degli Studi, I-67040 Monteluco di Roio, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Vittoria Mucciante
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Ingegneria Chimica e Materiali, Università degli Studi, I-67040 Monteluco di Roio, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Leucio Rossi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Ingegneria Chimica e Materiali, Università degli Studi, I-67040 Monteluco di Roio, L'Aquila, Italy
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50
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Ragaini F, Macchi M, Cenini S. Carbonylation of nitrobenzene catalysed by palladium and heteropolyanions; a mechanistic approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1169(98)80130-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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