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Polenogova OV, Noskov YA, Artemchenko AS, Zhangissina S, Klementeva TN, Yaroslavtseva ON, Khodyrev VP, Kruykova NA, Glupov VV. Citrobacter freundii, a natural associate of the Colorado potato beetle, increases larval susceptibility to Bacillus thuringiensis. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:3823-3835. [PMID: 35238478 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We assume that certain representatives of gut microflora mediate immune changes during dysbiosis, accelerating septicemia caused by Bacillus thuringiensis. RESULTS Co-introduction of Citrobacter freundii with Bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionis (morrisoni) (Bt) led to an increase in Colorado potato beetle (CPB) larval mortality to 69.0% (1.3-5×) and a synergistic effect was observed from day 1 to day 6. Ultrathin sections of the CPB midgut showed autophagosome formation and partial destruction of gut microvilli under the influence of Bt, which was accompanied by pronounced hypersecretion of the endoplasmic reticulum with apocrine vesicle formation and oncotic changes in cells under the action of C. freundii. The destruction of gut tissues was accompanied by suppression of detoxification processes under the action of the bacteria and a decrease (2.8-3.5×) in the concentration of lipid oxidation products during Bt infection. In the first hours post combined treatment, we registered a slight increase in the total hemocyte count (THC) especially a predomination (1.4×) of immune-competent plasmatocytes. Oral administration of symbiotic and entomopathogenic bacteria to the CPB larvae significantly decreased the THC (1.4×) after 24 h and increased (1.1-1.5×) the detoxifying enzymes level in the lymph. These changes are likely to be associated with the destruction of hemocytes and the need to remove the toxic products of reactive oxygen species. CONCLUSION The obtained results indicate that feeding of C. freundii and B. thuringiensis to the CPB larvae is accompanied by tissue changes that significantly affect the cellular and humoral immunity of the insect, increasing its susceptibility to Bt. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V Polenogova
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yury A Noskov
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anna S Artemchenko
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Saule Zhangissina
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Tatyana N Klementeva
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Olga N Yaroslavtseva
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Viktor P Khodyrev
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Natalya A Kruykova
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Viktor V Glupov
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Kaczmarek A, Wrońska AK, Kazek M, Boguś MI. Metamorphosis-related changes in the free fatty acid profiles of Sarcophaga (Liopygia) argyrostoma (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830). Sci Rep 2020; 10:17337. [PMID: 33060748 PMCID: PMC7562915 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74475-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The flies of the Sarcophagidae, widespread throughout the temperate zone, are of great significance in Medicine, Veterinary science, Forensics and Entomotoxicology. Lipids are important elements of cell and organelle membranes and a source of energy for embryogenesis, metamorphosis and flight. Cuticular lipids protect from desiccation and act as recognition cues for species, nest mates and castes, and are a source of various pheromones. The free fatty acid (FFA) profile of cuticular and internal extracts of Sarcophaga (Liopygia) argyrostoma (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) larvae, pupae and adults was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The larvae, pupae and adults contained FFAs from C5:0 to C28:0. The extracts differed quantitatively and qualitatively from each other: C18:1 > C16:1 > C16:0 > C18:0 predominated in the cuticular and internal extracts from the larvae and adults, while 18:1 > C16:0 > C16:1 > C18:0 predominated in the pupae. The FFA profile of the cuticle varies considerably between each development stage: C23:0 and C25:0 are only present in larvae, C28:0 in the pupal cuticle, and C12:1 and C18:3 in internal extracts from adults. The mechanisms underlying this diversity are discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Kaczmarek
- The Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Katarzyna Wrońska
- The Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michalina Kazek
- The Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mieczysława Irena Boguś
- The Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Biomibo, Warsaw, Poland
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Alqurashi S, English S, Wall R. Nutritional requirements for reproduction and survival in the blowfly Lucilia sericata. MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 34:207-214. [PMID: 31846089 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Insects with access to finite energy resources must allocate these between maintenance and reproduction in a way that maximizes fitness. This will be influenced by a range of life-history characteristics and the environment in which any particular insect species lives. In the present study, females of the blowfly Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) were fed diets differing in protein and carbohydrate (sucrose) content and the allocation of lipid to reproduction was quantified using a spectrophotometric method of analysis. Immediately after adult emergence, total body lipid, scaled for differences in body size, showed an initial decline as it was utilized to meet the metabolic demands of cuticle deposition, muscle maturation and then flight. When flies were denied access to sucrose, stored lipid then continued to decrease until flies died, usually within 4 days of emergence. However, flies given access to sucrose were able to increase body lipid content, demonstrating that carbohydrate is essential for homeostasis and that it can be used to synthesize lipid. Nevertheless, female flies fed sucrose only were unable to synthesize egg yolk. Only flies provided with protein were able to mature eggs. However, the rate of egg maturation and number and size of eggs matured were greater for female flies given liver compared with flies provided with pure whey protein powder. The results demonstrate the importance of different dietary components for different elements of the life-history of L. sericata, namely survival and reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Alqurashi
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - S English
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - R Wall
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
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Shaurub ESH, Zohdy NZ, Abdel-Aal AE, Emara SA. Effect of chlorfluazuron and flufenoxuron on development and reproductive performance of the black cutworm,Agrotis ipsilon(Hufnagel) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). INVERTEBR REPROD DEV 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/07924259.2017.1384407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nawal Z. Zohdy
- Faculty of Science, Department of Entomology, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Aziza E. Abdel-Aal
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Said A. Emara
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Dokki, Egypt
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Sahoo A, Dandapat J, Samanta L. Oxidative Damaged Products, Level of Hydrogen Peroxide, and Antioxidant Protection in Diapausing Pupa of Tasar Silk Worm, Antheraea mylitta: A Comparative Study in Two Voltine Groups. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE 2015; 7:11-17. [PMID: 26816485 PMCID: PMC4722883 DOI: 10.4137/ijis.s21326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study demonstrates tissue-specific (hemolymph and fat body) and inter-voltine [bivoltine (BV) and trivoltine (TV)] differences in oxidatively damaged products, H2O2 content, and the relative level of antioxidant protection in the diapausing pupae of Antheraea mylitta. Results suggest that fat body (FB) of both the voltine groups has oxidative predominance, as evident from the high value of lipid peroxidation and H2O2 content, despite better enzymatic defenses in comparison to hemolymph (HL). This may be attributed to the higher metabolic rate of the tissue concerned, concomitant with high lipid content and abundance of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Nondetectable catalase activity in the pupal hemolymph of both strains apparently suggests an additional mechanism for H2O2 metabolism in the tissue. Inter-voltine comparison of the oxidative stress indices and antioxidant defense potential revealed that the TV group has a higher oxidative burden, lower activities for the antioxidant enzymes, and compensatory nonenzymatic protection from reduced glutathione and ascorbic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alpana Sahoo
- Department of Zoology, North Orissa University, Baripada
| | | | - Luna Samanta
- Department of Zoology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Orissa, India
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Sighinolfi L, Febvay G, Dindo ML, Rey M, Pageaux J, Baronio P, Grenier S. Biological and biochemical characteristics for quality control of Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) reared on a liver-based diet. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2008; 68:26-39. [PMID: 18271014 DOI: 10.1002/arch.20233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Biological and biochemical parameters of a flightless strain of Harmonia axyridis, fed on a pork liver-based artificial diet and on Ephestia kuehniella eggs as controls, were compared. The diet-grown larvae showed a significantly longer developmental time and a lower adult emergence rate compared to control larvae. The weights of the newly emerged adults were significantly higher for adults fed E. kuehniella eggs during their larval stages than fed the artificial diet. In contrast, larval food source had no effect on the duration of the pre-oviposition period or adult longevity. For adults fed on E. kuehniella eggs as larvae, a significantly longer pre-oviposition period, lower daily weight gain and fecundity were found for the diet-fed females compared to those fed on E. kuehniella eggs throughout the life span. The adult food source had no significant effect on longevity and fertility. Lower amino acid and fatty acid contents (in particular C16:1 and C18:3n-3) were found for the prepupae and newly emerged females obtained from diet-reared larvae compared to controls. Deficiencies in fatty acids C16:1 and C18:3n-3 were also observed in females obtained from E. kuehniella egg-reared larvae and fed on diet from adult emergence. The analyses of the foods showed deficiencies in artificial diet, especially for some amino and fatty acids. The results suggest a non-optimal composition of the artificial diet and some possibilities for its improvement. However, this polyphagous predator could be reared from first instar larvae to fully reproductive adults on a pork liver-based artificial diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Sighinolfi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agroambientali, Università di Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
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Oba Y, Sato M, Ojika M, Inouye S. Enzymatic and genetic characterization of firefly luciferase and Drosophila CG6178 as a fatty acyl-CoA synthetase. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2005; 69:819-28. [PMID: 15849423 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.69.819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Recently we found that firefly luciferase is a bifunctional enzyme, catalyzing not only the luminescence reaction but also long-chain fatty acyl-CoA synthesis. Further, the gene product of CG6178 (CG6178), an ortholog of firefly luciferase in Drosophila melanogaster, was found to be a long-chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase and dose not function as a luciferase. We investigated the substrate specificities of firefly luciferase and CG6178 as an acyl-CoA synthetase utilizing a series of carboxylic acids. The results indicate that these enzymes synthesize acyl-CoA efficiently from various saturated medium-chain fatty acids. Lauric acid is the most suitable substrate for these enzymes, and the product of lauroyl CoA was identified with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that firefly luciferase and CG6178 genes belong to the group of plant 4-coumarate:CoA ligases, and not to the group of medium- and long-chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetases in mammals. These results suggest that insects have a novel type of fatty acyl-CoA synthetase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Oba
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
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MORIBAYASHI A, SUGIE H, KATAGIRI C, UCHIDA K, KOBAYASHI M, AGUI N. Polyunsaturated fatty acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, mediates larval-pupal and pupal-adult development in the malarial vector mosquito, Anopheles stephensi. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.7601/mez.55.59_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko MORIBAYASHI
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Hajime SUGIE
- National Institute of Agri-Environmental Sciences
| | - Chihiro KATAGIRI
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University
| | | | - Mutsuo KOBAYASHI
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Noriaki AGUI
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
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Oguri E, Steele JE. Lipid metabolism in the cockroach, Periplaneta americana, is activated by the hypertrehalosemic peptide, HTH-I. Peptides 2003; 24:1545-51. [PMID: 14706533 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2003.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine are the major constituents of the phospholipid pool in cockroach (Periplaneta americana) fat body and hemolymph. Both species of phospholipid are significantly decreased 6h after injecting hypertrehalosemic hormone I (HTH-I) into the hemocoel. Loss of phospholipid is accompanied by an accumulation of the phospholipid degradation products glycerophosphorylcholine and glycerol. HTH-I also increases phospholipase activity in the hemolymph and this is thought to be responsible for the depletion of hemolymph phospholipid. Phospholipase activity peaks approximately 2h after injection of HTH-I and returns to normal at 6h. In vitro, total phospholipid in the fat body is decreased by HTH-I whereas the concentration of diacylglycerol displays a corresponding increase. HTH-I elevates free fatty acid levels but has no effect on triacylglycerol. These effects of HTH-I are blocked by the phospholipase inhibitor mepacrine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisha Oguri
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, Ont., N6A 5B7, London, Canada
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Zera AJ, Larsen A. The metabolic basis of life history variation: genetic and phenotypic differences in lipid reserves among life history morphs of the wing-polymorphic cricket, Gryllus firmus. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2001; 47:1147-1160. [PMID: 12770193 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1910(01)00096-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The flight-capable morph of the wing-polymorphic cricket, Gryllus firmus, accumulated a substantially greater quantity of total lipid and triglyceride, compared with the obligately flightless morph, during the first five days of adulthood. Increased lipid accumulation in the flight-capable morph was genetically based, and was produced when ovarian growth is substantially reduced in that morph. Temporal changes in lipid levels suggest that the higher triglyceride reserves in the flight-capable morph fed a high-nutrient diet were produced by elevated lipid biosynthesis. By contrast, on a low-nutrient or high carbohydrate diet, increased lipid levels in the flight-capable morph appeared to result primarily from decreased lipid utilization. Increased biosynthesis or retention of triglyceride (the major flight fuel in Gryllus) by the flight-capable morph may significantly divert nutrients from egg production and hence may be an important physiological cause of its reduced ovarian growth. The obligately flightless morph allocated a greater proportion of total lipid to phospholipid than did the flight-capable morph. No functionally-significant differences in total lipid or triglyceride were produced between morphs during the last nymphal stadium. A second flightless morph, derived from the flight-capable morph by histolysis of flight muscles during adulthood, also had reduced amounts of total lipid and triglyceride but increased ovarian growth compared with the flight capable morph on the standard (high-nutrient) diet. Important qualitative and quantitative aspects of lipid metabolism differ genetically between the flight-capable and flightless morphs of G. firmus and likely contribute importantly to their respective adaptations for flight capability vs. reproduction. This is the first study to document genetically-based differences in energy reserves between morphs of a complex (phase, caste, flight) polymorphism in which morphs also differ genetically in key life history traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J. Zera
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, 68588, Lincoln, NE, USA
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Abstract
The study of fat metabolism in insects has received considerable attention over the years. Although by no means complete, there is a growing body of information about dietary lipid requirements, and the absolute requirement for sterol is of particular note. In this review we (a) summarize the state of understanding of the dietary requirements for the major lipids and (b) describe in detail the insect lipid transport system. Insects digest and absorb lipids similarly to vertebrates, but with some important differences. The hallmark of fat metabolism in insects centers on the lipid transport system. The major lipid transported is diacylglycerol, and it is carried by a high-density lipoprotein called lipophorin. Lipophorin is a reusable shuttle that picks up lipid from the gut and delivers it to tissues for storage or utilization without using the endocytic processes common to vertebrate cells. The mechanisms by which this occurs are not completely understood and offer fruitful areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Canavoso
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, and Center for Insect Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA.
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Zera AJ, Sall J, Otto K. Biochemical aspects of flight and flightlessness in Gryllus: flight fuels, enzyme activities and electrophoretic profiles of flight muscles from flight-capable and flightless morphs. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 1999; 45:275-285. [PMID: 12770375 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1910(98)00123-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Female Gryllus assimilis subjected to 4.5-7.7h continuous tethered flight had significantly lower amounts of total lipid, triglyceride and total soluble carbohydrate compared with unflown controls. A much greater amount of total lipid (6.3mg) was used during flight compared with carbohydrate (0.14mg). Flown individuals also had substantially reduced amounts of injected, radiolabeled [(14)C]-oleic acid. Activities of lipid, carbohydrate and amino acid catabolizing enzymes in flight muscles of G. assimilis and its wing-polymorphic congener, G. firmus, were very similar to activities in insects which primarily utilize lipid to power flight. By contrast, enzyme activities were very different from those in insects which primarily or exclusively use carbohydrate or proline as a flight fuel. These results strongly implicate lipid as the major flight fuel in Gryllus. Previous studies have shown that lipid levels are higher in flight-capable (long-winged) G. firmus that have small ovaries compared with flightless (short-winged) females that have large ovaries. Results of the present and previous studies collectively indicate that elevated lipid in long-winged G. firmus represents an energetic cost of flight capability which reduces (trade-offs with) reproduction in Gryllus. In G. firmus, mass-specific activities of nearly all enzymes were considerably reduced in underdeveloped, and to a lesser degree in histolyzed muscle, compared with fully-developed flight muscle. An important exception was alanine aminotransferase, whose activity was the highest in histolyzed muscle, and which may be involved in the catabolism of amino acids derived from muscle degradation. Despite the dramatic differences in enzyme activity, electrophoretic profiles of soluble flight-muscle proteins differed only subtly between fully-developed and underdeveloped or histolyzed flight muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J. Zera
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, P.O. Box 880118, Lincoln, USA
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Janković-Hladni M, Ivanović J, Spasić MB, Blagojević D, Perić-Mataruga V. Effect of the Host Plant on the Antioxidative Defence in the Midgut of Lymantria dispar L. Caterpillars of Different Population Origins. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 1997; 43:101-106. [PMID: 12769934 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1910(96)00018-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
THE RESPONSES OF GYPSY MOTH LARVAE ORIGINATING FROM TWO POPULATIONS (OAK FOREST, LOCUST FOREST) TO FAVORABLE (OAK) AND UNFAVORABLE (LOCUST) HOST PLANTS WERE MONITORED AT THE LEVEL OF MIDGUT ANTIOXIDATIVE DEFENCE: the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase like ('GSH-Px like') and glutathione content (GSH). Short-term change of the diet (3 days) to locust leaves of the 5th instar larvae (oak population) provoked an increase in GST and 'GSH-Px like' activities as well as in the amount of GSH. On the contrary, transferring the gypsy moth larvae (locust population) to oak leaves was followed by a decrease in GST, 'GSH-Px like' activities, and in the amount of GSH. Feeding gypsy moth larvae from hatching on an unfavorable host plant such as locust, led to increases in GST and SOD activities and GSH content, as well as to a decrease in CAT activity in all instars studied (4th, 5th, 6th). The locust leaf diet caused changes in other components of antioxidative defence dependent on larval instar and population origin, a feature which could be ascribed to trophic adaptation of the gypsy moth to an unfavorable host plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Janković-Hladni
- Institute for Biological Research 'Sinisa Stanković', 29.Novembra 142, 11000, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
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PULLIN ANDREWS. Adult feeding time, lipid accumulation, and overwintering inAglais urticaeandInachis io(Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). J Zool (1987) 1987. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1987.tb04476.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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