1
|
Beltran JL, McGrath LG, Caruso S, Bain RK, Hendrix CE, Kamran H, Johnston HG, Collings RM, Henry MCN, Abera TAL, Donoso VA, Carriker EC, Thurtle-Schmidt BH. Borate Transporters and SLC4 Bicarbonate Transporters Share Key Functional Properties. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:membranes13020235. [PMID: 36837738 PMCID: PMC9959716 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13020235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Borate transporters are membrane transport proteins that regulate intracellular borate levels. In plants, borate is a micronutrient essential for growth but is toxic in excess, while in yeast, borate is unnecessary for growth and borate export confers tolerance. Borate transporters share structural homology with human bicarbonate transporters in the SLC4 family despite low sequence identity and differences in transported solutes. Here, we characterize the S. cerevisiae borate transporter Bor1p and examine whether key biochemical features of SLC4 transporters extend to borate transporters. We show that borate transporters and SLC4 transporters share multiple properties, including lipid-promoted dimerization, sensitivity to stilbene disulfonate-derived inhibitors, and a requirement for an acidic residue at the solute binding site. We also identify several amino acids critical for Bor1p function and show that disease-causing mutations in human SLC4A1 will eliminate in vivo function when their homologous mutations are introduced in Bor1p. Our data help elucidate mechanistic features of Bor1p and reveal significant functional properties shared between borate transporters and SLC4 transporters.
Collapse
|
2
|
Pérez-Navarro J, Da Ros A, Masuero D, Izquierdo-Cañas PM, Hermosín-Gutiérrez I, Gómez-Alonso S, Mattivi F, Vrhovsek U. LC-MS/MS analysis of free fatty acid composition and other lipids in skins and seeds of Vitis vinifera grape cultivars. Food Res Int 2019; 125:108556. [PMID: 31554044 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are important constituents of plant and animal cells, being essential due to their biological functions. Despite the significant role of these compounds in grape berries, knowledge of grape lipid composition is still limited. This study addresses the free fatty acid composition and other lipids in skins and seeds of several Vitis vinifera grape cultivars using LC-MS/MS. A different profile of free fatty acids was determined in the grape tissues, showing a higher proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in seeds (ca. 60%). Lignoceric acid was one of the main free saturated fatty acids found in grape skins, together with palmitic and stearic acids. Berry skins showed similar ranges of C18-unsaturated fatty acids, whereas linoleic acid was predominant in the seed fatty acid composition. Higher content of glycerophospholipids was determined in grape seeds. Uvaol and oleanolic acid were only quantified in skins (1.5-3.9 and 38.6-57.6 mg/kg fresh weight, respectively). These preliminary results suggest a certain diversity in grape lipids according to their location in the berry tissues and cultivar, providing useful information for the fermentation process due to their role in wine sensory profile and yeast growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Pérez-Navarro
- Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Alessio Da Ros
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele all'Adige, TN, Italy
| | - Domenico Masuero
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele all'Adige, TN, Italy
| | - Pedro Miguel Izquierdo-Cañas
- Instituto Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario y Forestal de Castilla-La Mancha (IRIAF), Ctra. Albacete s/n, 13700 Tomelloso, Ciudad Real, Spain; Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Castilla-La Mancha, Paseo de la Innovación 1, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - Isidro Hermosín-Gutiérrez
- Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Sergio Gómez-Alonso
- Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Fulvio Mattivi
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele all'Adige, TN, Italy; Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Urska Vrhovsek
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele all'Adige, TN, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Identification and Characterization of Phospholipids with Very Long Chain Fatty Acids in Brewer's Yeast. Lipids 2017; 52:1007-1017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-017-4294-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
4
|
Sanders CR, Mittendorf KF. Tolerance to changes in membrane lipid composition as a selected trait of membrane proteins. Biochemistry 2011; 50:7858-67. [PMID: 21848311 DOI: 10.1021/bi2011527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Membrane lipid composition can vary dramatically across the three domains of life and even within single organisms. Here we review evidence that the lipid-exposed surfaces of membrane proteins have generally evolved to maintain correct structure and function in the face of major changes in lipid composition. Such tolerance has allowed evolution to extensively remodel membrane lipid compositions during the emergence of new species without having to extensively remodel the associated membrane proteins. The tolerance of membrane proteins also permits single-cell organisms to vary their membrane lipid composition in response to their changing environments and allows dynamic and organelle-specific variations in the lipid compositions of eukaryotic cells. Membrane protein structural biology has greatly benefited from this seemingly intrinsic property of membrane proteins: the majority of structures determined to date have been characterized under model membrane conditions that little resemble those of native membranes. Nevertheless, with a few notable exceptions, most experimentally determined membrane protein structures appear, to a good approximation, to faithfully report on native structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles R Sanders
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-8725, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Feofilova EP, Sergeeva YE, Ivashechkin AA. Biodiesel-fuel: Content, production, producers, contemporary biotechnology (Review). APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683810040010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
6
|
Haq E, Sharma S, Khuller GK. Purification of diacylglycerol kinase from Microsporum gypseum and its phosphorylation by the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A. Arch Biochem Biophys 2001; 392:219-25. [PMID: 11488595 DOI: 10.1006/abbi.2001.2447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diacylglycerol (DG) kinase (EC 2.7.1.107) was purified to homogeneity from the soluble extract of Microsporum gypseum, a dermatophyte. Purified enzyme showed a final specific activity of 2172 pmol/min/mg protein and its apparent molecular weight on SDS-PAGE was found to be 93 kDa. The activity of purified enzyme was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of DG-kinase inhibitor (D5919, Sigma). DG-kinase activity was found to be stimulated in the presence of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and cardiolipin while the activity was alleviated in the presence of phosphatidic acid and arachidonic acid. Kinase activity was partially inhibited when assayed after prior treatment with alkaline phosphatase. Treatment of DG-kinase with the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A (PKA)-stimulated DG-kinase activity in a dose-dependent manner. Incubation of DG-kinase with the catalytic subunit of PKA led to the phosphorylation of DG-kinase as revealed by autoradiography. The phosphorylated band disappeared completely in the presence of specific PKA inhibitor. Increased activity of DG-kinase on incubation with the catalytic subunit of PKA was possibly due to the phosphorylation of the former by the latter. Whether this in vitro phosphorylation and activation of DG-kinase occurs under physiological conditions remains to be elucidated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Haq
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh-160 012, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Arami SI, Hada M, Tada M. Reduction of ATPase activity accompanied by photodecomposition of ergosterol by near-UV irradiation in plasma membranes prepared from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 1997; 143 ( Pt 7):2465-2471. [PMID: 9245827 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-143-7-2465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
When plasma membranes prepared from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae were exposed to near-UV radiation, photodecomposition of ergosterol and reduction of ATPase-activity occurred simultaneously. The Vmax for ATPase activity decreased markedly with increasing near-UV dosage while the Km value remained constant. When ATPase solubilized from the plasma membrane was exposed to near-UV, the activity remained constant irrespective of dosage, indicating that the ATPase molecule itself was not damaged by near-UV irradiation. The relationship between content of ergosterol and ATPase activity was examined using liposomes constructed with lipids extracted from the membrane. Maximum activity of ATPase was seen at 5% ergosterol in liposomes; this activity was 2.5 times greater than that in liposomes without ergosterol. Activity of ATPase bound to liposomes with 5% ergosterol was reduced after near-UV irradiation, while the activity remained unchanged in the case of the liposomes without ergosterol. Fluidity of the liposomes with 5% ergosterol also decreased with increasing near-UV dosage. Dosage-response curves for reduction of ATPase activity and for decrease in fluidity were similar to that for photodecomposition of ergosterol. These results suggested that the reduction of ATPase activity in the membrane by near-UV irradiation was not caused by photochemical degradation of the primary structure of the ATPase molecule, but was attributable to conformational change resulting from an alteration in the higher-order structure of the membrane due to photochemical decomposition of ergosterol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichiro Arami
- Division of Biological Function and Genetic Resources Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka, Okayama, 700, Japan
| | - Megumi Hada
- Department of Biology, Kobe University, Rokkodai, Nada-ku, 657 Kobe, Japan
| | - Mikiro Tada
- Division of Biological Function and Genetic Resources Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka, Okayama, 700, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Arami SI, Hada M, Tada M. Near-UV-induced absorbance change and photochemical decomposition of ergosterol in the plasma membrane of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 1997; 143 ( Pt 5):1665-1671. [PMID: 9168615 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-143-5-1665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
When cells of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae were exposed to near-UV (300-400 nm), their absorption spectra changed slightly within the range 220-300 nm with increasing dosage. Difference spectra, calculated by substracting the curve recorded in cells exposed to near-UV from the curve of unexposed cells, decreased with increasing dosage over a broad band with peaks at 272, 282 and 295 nm and a shoulder at 265 nm. These peaks were in agreement with the absorption maxima of ergosterol, which is one of the major components of the plasma membrane of yeast. Near-UV radiation induced a simultaneous decrease in absorption spectra and reduction of ergosterol content in the plasma membrane. Photochemical decomposition of ergosterol by near-UV radiation was revealed in vivo, although ergosterol is generally known to be photoconverted to previtamin D2 industrially by UV radiation in vitro. In order to remove photosensitizers, liposomes were prepared from phospholipids and glycolipids, with or without ergosterol from purified yeast plasma membranes. Liposomal ergosterol in the orientated state was photochemically decomposed by near-UV radiation but ergosterol in the disorientated state in a homogeneous solution was not. Near-UV radiation also induced a decrease in activity of membrane-bound ATPase. Dose-response curves for the reduction of ATPase activity were similar to that for decomposition of ergosterol, suggesting that near-UV caused membrane function damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichiro Arami
- Division of Biological Function and Genetic Resources Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka, Okayama 700, Japan
| | - Megumi Hada
- Department of Biology, Kobe University, Rokkodai, Nada-ku, 657 Kobe, Japan
| | - Mikiro Tada
- Division of Biological Function and Genetic Resources Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka, Okayama 700, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ansari S, Gupta P, Mahanty S, Prasad R. The uptake of amino acids byergmutants ofCandida albicans. Med Mycol 1993. [DOI: 10.1080/02681219380000481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
10
|
Mishra P, Bolard J, Prasad R. Emerging role of lipids of Candida albicans, a pathogenic dimorphic yeast. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1992; 1127:1-14. [PMID: 1627629 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(92)90194-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
It is clear that C. albicans lipids have gained tremendous importance in recent years. In addition to being a barrier for entrance of various metabolites, it also provides the site of action for the synthesis of enzyme(s) involved in cell wall morphogenesis and antifungal action. While alterations in lipid composition during a yeast to mycelia transition have been observed, in most of the studies, lipid fluctuations reported could have been due to various environmental factors involved in the induction of morphogenesis [4,5]. A clear understanding of lipid biosynthesis and metabolic blocks due to antifungal action is likely to shed further light on selective interactions of antifungals. Despite the multifacet role of lipids in various functions of this pathogenic yeast, their exact involvement is poorly understood. The situation is little better with regard to ergosterol and its metabolism. Ergosterol is, indeed, important for anti-candidal activity and appears to be involved in the morphogenesis of C. albicans. The fluctuation in phospholipid composition have led to altered properties of plasma membrane namely, membrane fluidity, transport activities and drug sensitivity, which suggest that-a critical level of individual phospholipid is important for proper functioning of the plasma membrane. What the exact role is of individual phospholipid is far from clear. Many unanswered questions relating to the role of PI and sphingomyelin in signal transduction, involvement of phospholipases in the maintenance of phospholipid composition, and role of lipid transfer proteins in assembly and asymmetry of lipids are some aspects which merit further work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Mishra
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Å ajbidor J, Grego J. Fatty acid alterations inSaccharomyces cerevisiaeexposed to ethanol stress. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1992. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1992.tb05033.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
12
|
Šajbidor J, Malík F, Kissantalová H. The relationship between the viability of selected dried wine yeasts and their lipid composition and fatty acid profile. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 1992. [DOI: 10.1080/08905439209549831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
13
|
Affiliation(s)
- P Mishra
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Å ajbidor J, Breierová E, Kocková-KratochvÃlová A. The relationship between freezing resistance and fatty acid composition of yeasts. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1989. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1989.tb03043.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
15
|
Vaidya S, Bharti G, Pandey R, Khuller GK. Effect of altered sterol levels on the transport of amino acids and membrane structure ofMicrosporum gypseum. J Biosci 1988. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02712146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
16
|
Affiliation(s)
- R Prasad
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pandey R, Verma RS, Khuller GK. Effect of choline, ethanolamine and serine supplementation on the membrane properties of Microsporum gypseum. Lipids 1987; 22:530-4. [PMID: 3114585 DOI: 10.1007/bf02540370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipid bases, choline and ethanolamine, when supplemented in the growth medium of Microsporum gypseum resulted in an increase in the corresponding phospholipid and total phospholipid content. However, when serine was supplemented, marginal changes were observed. The fatty acid profile of phospholipids remained almost unchanged. The uptake of lysine, leucine and aspartic acid in the spheroplasts of choline- and ethanolamine-grown cells was higher as compared to the control. 1-Anilinonaphathalene-8-sulfonate (ANS) binding to the spheroplast membrane, as calculated from Scatchard plots, demonstrated an increase in the number of binding sites in choline- and ethanolamine-grown cells, while a decrease was observed in the serine-supplemented cells. The results are discussed in terms of the effect of phospholipid polar head group composition on the membrane structure and function of this fungus.
Collapse
|
18
|
|
19
|
Affiliation(s)
- R Prasad
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | | |
Collapse
|