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Prevalence and molecular characterization of important potato viruses in the Tokat province of Turkey. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:2171-2181. [PMID: 36565419 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08134-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is believed that viruses affect potato yield more than any other pathogens worldwide. METHOD AND RESULTS We report here on a survey of the four most common potato viruses in the Tokat Province of northern Turkey. Leaf samples were collected from potato plants showing signs of viral diseases in five districts of the province. Over 400 leaf samples were tested using RT-PCR with virus-specific primers. Among the one or more viruses detected in 218 (52%) leaf samples, Potato virus Y (PVY) was the most common (47.1%), followed by potato virus S (PVS; 16.7%), potato virus X (PVX; 6.0%) and potato leaf roll virus (PLRV; 5.3%). The most common mixed infections were PVY + PVS (6.9%). A phylogenetic analysis of the gene sequences showed all Turkish PVS isolates to be clustered with the PVSO group, two PVY isolates with the PVYN-WI group and one isolate with the PVYNTN group. Turkish PVX isolates are in the Type X group of the two major PVX isolate groups. The Turkish PLRV isolates were separated into two major groups depending on the results of the phylogenetic analysis, with six cases in Group 1 and one in Group 2. CONCLUSIONS PVY, PVX, PVS and PLRV were detected in potato production areas in Tokat. A phylogenetic comparison of the gene sequences revealed all Turkish isolates to be immigrant members of the world populations of these viruses. Our results emphasize the importance of the strict quarantine control of plant materials entering Turkey.
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Lee HJ, Cho IS, Jeong RD. Nanopore Metagenomics Sequencing for Rapid Diagnosis and Characterization of Lily Viruses. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 38:503-512. [PMID: 36221922 PMCID: PMC9561158 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.06.2022.0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Lilies (Lilium spp.) are one of the most important ornamental flower crops grown in Korea. Most viral diseases in lilies are transmitted by infected bulbs, which cause serious economic losses due to reduced yields. Various diagnostic techniques and high-throughput sequencing methods have been used to detect lily viruses. According to Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT), MinION is a compact and portable sequencing device. In this study, three plant viruses, lily mottle, lily symptomless, and plantago asiatica mosaic virus, were detected in lily samples using the ONT platform. As a result of genome assembly of reads obtained through ONT, 100% coverage and 90.3-93.4% identity were obtained. Thus, we show that the ONT platform is a promising tool for the diagnosis and characterization of viruses that infect crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jeong Lee
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61185,
Korea
| | - In-Sook Cho
- Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365,
Korea
| | - Rae-Dong Jeong
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61185,
Korea
- Corresponding author. Phone) +82-62-530-2075, FAX) +82-62-530-2069, E-mail)
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Vazquez-Iglesias I, McGreig S, Pufal H, Robinson R, Clover GRG, Fox A, Boonham N, Adams IP. A novel high-throughput sequencing approach reveals the presence of a new virus infecting Rosa: rosa ilarvirus-1 (RIV-1). J Virol Methods 2021; 300:114417. [PMID: 34902457 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2021.114417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Roses are one of the most valuable ornamental flowering shrubs grown worldwide. Despite the widespread of rose viruses and their impact on cultivation, they have not been studied in detail in the United Kingdom (UK) since the 1980's. As part of a survey of rose viruses entering the UK, 35 samples were collected at Heathrow Airport (London, UK) and were tested by RT-qPCR for different common rose viruses. Of the 35 samples tested using RT-qPCR for prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV; genus Ilarvirus), 10 were positive. Confirmatory testing was performed using RT-PCR with both PNRSV-specific and ilarvirus-generic primers, and diverse results were obtained: One sample was exclusively positive when using the ilarvirus-generic primers, and subsequent sequencing of the RT-PCR product revealed homology to other ilarviruses but not PNRSV. Further work to characterise the virus was performed using high throughput sequencing, both the MinION Flongle and Illumina MiSeq. The sequencing confirmed the presence of a new virus within group 2 of the genus Ilarvirus and we propose the name "rosa ilarvirus-1″ (RIV-1). Here, we describe the identification of a novel virus using the low-cost Flongle flow cell and discuss its potential as a front-line diagnostic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Vazquez-Iglesias
- Fera Science Ltd., York Biotech Campus, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, United Kingdom; School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Agriculture Building, King's Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom.
| | - Sam McGreig
- Fera Science Ltd., York Biotech Campus, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, United Kingdom
| | - Hollie Pufal
- Fera Science Ltd., York Biotech Campus, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, United Kingdom
| | - Rebekah Robinson
- The Royal Horticultural Society, Wisley, Woking, Surrey, GU23 6QB, United Kingdom
| | - Gerard R G Clover
- The Royal Horticultural Society, Wisley, Woking, Surrey, GU23 6QB, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Fox
- Fera Science Ltd., York Biotech Campus, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Boonham
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Agriculture Building, King's Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Ian P Adams
- Fera Science Ltd., York Biotech Campus, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, United Kingdom; Institute of Agri Food Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
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Heterologous expression of pepper mild mottle virus coat protein encoding region and its application in immuno-diagnostics. Virusdisease 2020; 31:323-332. [PMID: 32904916 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-020-00597-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), a tobamovirus of family Virgaviridae affects the quality and quantity of Capsicum. PMMoV is highly contagious, capable of transmitting through infected seeds and soil. Symptoms are more severe when crop is infected at young stage but remain unnoticed when infection takes place at maturity. Therefore, cost effective diagnostic techniques are required for timely and accurate detection of virus. In present study, coat protein encoding region of PMMoV-HP1 isolate was cloned into expression vector system, pET28a and expressed in BL21, a protease deficient strain of Escherichia coli. The PMMoV-HP1 pathotype was identified as PMMoV-P12 on the basis of coat protein amino acid sequence analysis in our previous study. The overexpression of recombinant coat protein of 26 kDa, corresponding to the expected 6X Histidine tag fused recombinant protein was purified using Ni-NTA columns from insoluble fraction. For antisera production, the purified recombinant protein was dialyzed ~ 24 h to remove urea and then used for raising polyclonal antisera. The specificity and sensitivity of antiserum obtained was demonstrated using different dilutions of antiserum for western blot assay and direct antigen coating enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAC-ELISA). In Western blot assay, the test antiserum reacted strongly both with PMMoV-CP in purified protein and native CP in crude sap from PMMoV infected pepper plants, whereas no reaction was observed with healthy plant sap. In DAC-ELISA antiserum dilution up to 1:1000 was capable of detecting the virus in infected sample. The absence of any cross reactivity of test antiserum was confirmed against tobacco mosaic virus, cucumber mosaic virus, tomato spotted wilt virus, pepper veinal mottle virus, potato virus Y and tomato yellow leaf curl virus antigen, known to infect capsicum.
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Jeong J, Cho SY, Lee WH, Lee KJ, Ju HJ. Development of a Rapid Detection Method for Potato virus X by Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2015; 31:219-25. [PMID: 26361470 PMCID: PMC4564147 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.03.2015.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The primary step for efficient control of viral diseases is the development of simple, rapid, and sensitive virus detection. Reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) has been used to detect viral RNA molecules because of its simplicity and high sensitivity for a number of viruses. RT-LAMP for the detection of Potato virus X (PVX) was developed and compared with conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to demonstrate its advantages over RT-PCR. RT-LAMP reactions were conducted with or without a set of loop primers since one out of six primers showed PVX specificity. Based on real-time monitoring, RT-LAMP detected PVX around 30 min, compared to 120 min for RT-PCR. By adding a fluorescent reagent during the reaction, the extra step of visualization by gel electrophoresis was not necessary. RT-LAMP was conducted using simple inexpensive instruments and a regular incubator to evaluate whether RNA could be amplified at a constant temperature instead of using an expensive thermal cycler. This study shows the potential of RT-LAMP for the diagnosis of viral diseases and PVX epidemiology because of its simplicity and rapidness compared to RT-PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joojin Jeong
- Department of Agricultural Biology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si 561-756,
Korea
| | - Sang-Yun Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si 561-756,
Korea
| | - Wang-Hyu Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si 561-756,
Korea
| | - Kui-jae Lee
- Division of Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752,
Korea
- Plant Medicinal Research Center, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si 561-756,
Korea
| | - Ho-Jong Ju
- Department of Agricultural Biology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si 561-756,
Korea
- Plant Medicinal Research Center, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si 561-756,
Korea
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