1
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Ten A, Kumeiko V, Farniev V, Gao H, Shevtsov M. Tumor Microenvironment Modulation by Cancer-Derived Extracellular Vesicles. Cells 2024; 13:682. [PMID: 38667297 PMCID: PMC11049026 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in the process of tumorigenesis, regulating the growth, metabolism, proliferation, and invasion of cancer cells, as well as contributing to tumor resistance to the conventional chemoradiotherapies. Several types of cells with relatively stable phenotypes have been identified within the TME, including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), neutrophils, and natural killer (NK) cells, which have been shown to modulate cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and interaction with the immune system, thus promoting tumor heterogeneity. Growing evidence suggests that tumor-cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), via the transfer of various molecules (e.g., RNA, proteins, peptides, and lipids), play a pivotal role in the transformation of normal cells in the TME into their tumor-associated protumorigenic counterparts. This review article focuses on the functions of EVs in the modulation of the TME with a view to how exosomes contribute to the transformation of normal cells, as well as their importance for cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Ten
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.T.); (V.K.); (V.F.)
| | - Vadim Kumeiko
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.T.); (V.K.); (V.F.)
| | - Vladislav Farniev
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.T.); (V.K.); (V.F.)
| | - Huile Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China;
| | - Maxim Shevtsov
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.T.); (V.K.); (V.F.)
- Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnologies, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave., 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Akkuratova Str., 2, 197341 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technishe Universität München (TUM), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Ismaninger Str., 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
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2
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Zhou S, Xi Y, Chen Y, Fu F, Yan W, Li M, Wu Y, Luo A, Li Y, Wang S. Low WIP1 Expression Accelerates Ovarian Aging by Promoting Follicular Atresia and Primordial Follicle Activation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233920. [PMID: 36497179 PMCID: PMC9736686 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that ovarian wild-type P53-induced phosphatase 1 (WIP1) expression decreased with age. We hypothesized that WIP1 activity was related to ovarian aging. The role of WIP1 in regulating ovarian aging and its mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Adult female mice with or without WIP1 inhibitor (GSK2830371) treatment were divided into three groups (Veh, GSK-7.5, GSK-15) to evaluate the effect of WIP1 on ovarian endocrine and reproductive function and the ovarian reserve. In vitro follicle culture and primary granulosa cell culture were applied to explore the mechanisms of WIP1 in regulating follicular development. This study revealed that WIP1 expression in atretic follicle granulosa cells is significantly lower than that in healthy follicles. Inhibiting WIP1 phosphatase activity in mice induced irregular estrous cycles, caused fertility declines, and decreased the ovarian reserve through triggering excessive follicular atresia and primordial follicle activation. Primordial follicle depletion was accelerated via PI3K-AKT-rpS6 signaling pathway activation. In vitro follicle culture experiments revealed that inhibiting WIP1 activity impaired follicular development and oocyte quality. In vitro granulosa cell experiments further indicated that downregulating WIP1 expression promoted granulosa cell death via WIP1-p53-BAX signaling pathway-mediated apoptosis. These findings suggest that appropriate WIP1 expression is essential for healthy follicular development, and decreased WIP1 expression accelerates ovarian aging by promoting follicular atresia and primordial follicle activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ya Li
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (S.W.); Tel.: +86-27-83663078 (Y.L. & S.W.)
| | - Shixuan Wang
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (S.W.); Tel.: +86-27-83663078 (Y.L. & S.W.)
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3
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Zhou N, Liu W, Zhang W, Liu Y, Li X, Wang Y, Zheng R, Zhang Y. Wip1 regulates the immunomodulatory effects of murine mesenchymal stem cells in type 1 diabetes mellitus via targeting IFN-α/BST2. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:326. [PMID: 34716317 PMCID: PMC8556269 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00728-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show significant therapeutic effects in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) as regulating the inflammatory processes. However, little is known about the detailed process of MSCs immunosuppression in T1DM. In this study, we investigated the effects of wild-type p53-induce phosphatase 1 (Wip1) on regulating MSCs immunosuppressive capacities in T1DM mice. We found that Wip1 knockout (Wip1-/-) MSCs had lower therapeutic effects in T1DM mice, and displayed weaker immunosuppressive capability. In vivo distribution analysis results indicated thatWip1-/-MSCs could home to the damaged pancreas and increase the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-17a (IL-17a), interferon-α(IFN-α), IFN-β, and IFN-γ, while decrease the expression of IL-4 and IL-10. Moreover, we confirmedWip1-/-MSCs exhibited weaker immunosuppressive capacity, as evidenced by enhanced expression of bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2(BST2) and IFN-α. In conclusion, these results revealed Wip1 affects MSCs immunomodulation by regulating the expression of IFN-α/BST2. Our study uncovered that Wip1 is required to regulate the therapeutic effects of MSCs on T1DM treatment, indicating a novel role of Wip1 in MSCs immunoregulation properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhou
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Weijiang Liu
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Medical Administration, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yuanlin Liu
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Rongxiu Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
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4
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Metal dependent protein phosphatase PPM family in cardiac health and diseases. Cell Signal 2021; 85:110061. [PMID: 34091011 PMCID: PMC9107372 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation is central to signal transduction in nearly every aspect of cellular function, including cardiovascular regulation and diseases. While protein kinases are often regarded as the molecular drivers in cellular signaling with high specificity and tight regulation, dephosphorylation mediated by protein phosphatases is also gaining increasing appreciation as an important part of the signal transduction network essential for the robustness, specificity and homeostasis of cell signaling. Metal dependent protein phosphatases (PPM, also known as protein phosphatases type 2C, PP2C) belong to a highly conserved family of protein phosphatases with unique biochemical and molecular features. Accumulating evidence also indicates important and specific functions of individual PPM isoform in signaling and cellular processes, including proliferation, senescence, apoptosis and metabolism. At the physiological level, abnormal PPM expression and activity have been implicated in major human diseases, including cancer, neurological and cardiovascular disorders. Finally, inhibitors for some of the PPM members have been developed as a potential therapeutic strategy for human diseases. In this review, we will focus on the background information about the biochemical and molecular features of major PPM family members, with emphasis on their demonstrated or potential roles in cardiac pathophysiology. The current challenge and potential directions for future investigations will also be highlighted.
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5
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The inhibition of WIP1 phosphatase accelerates the depletion of primordial follicles. Reprod Biomed Online 2021; 43:161-171. [PMID: 34210610 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION What role does wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 (WIP1) play in the regulation of primordial follicle development? DESIGN WIP1 expression was detected in the ovaries of mice of different ages by western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. Three-day-old neonatal mouse ovaries were cultured in vitro with or without the WIP1 inhibitor GSK2830371 (10 μM) for 4 days. Ovarian morphology, follicle growth and follicle classification were analysed and the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signal pathway and the WIP1-p53-related mitochondrial apoptosis pathway evaluated. RESULTS WIP1 expression was downregulated with age. Primordial follicles were significantly decreased in the GSK2830371-treated group, without a significant increase in growing follicles. The ratio of growing follicles to primordial follicles was not significantly different between the control and GSK2830371 groups, and no significant variation was observed in the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signal pathway. The inhibition of WIP1 phosphatase accelerated primordial follicle atresia by activating the p53-BAX-caspase-3 pathway. CONCLUSIONS These findings reveal that WIP1 participates in regulating primordial follicle development and that inhibiting WIP1 phosphatase leads to massive primordial follicle loss via interaction with the p53-BAX-caspase-3 pathway. This might also provide valuable information for understanding decreased ovarian reserve during ovarian ageing.
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6
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Park D, Yoon G, Kim E, Lee T, Kim K, Lee PCW, Chang E, Choi S. Wip1 regulates Smad4 phosphorylation and inhibits TGF-β signaling. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e48693. [PMID: 32103600 PMCID: PMC7202204 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201948693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor Smad4, a key mediator of the TGF-β/BMP pathways, is essential for development and tissue homeostasis. Phosphorylation of Smad4 in its linker region catalyzed by the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) plays a pivotal role in regulating its transcriptional activity and stability. In contrast, roles of Smad4 dephosphorylation as a control mechanism of TGF-β/BMP signaling and the phosphatases responsible for its dephosphorylation remain so far elusive. Here, we identify Wip1 as a Smad4 phosphatase. Wip1 selectively binds and dephosphorylates Smad4 at Thr277, a key MAPK phosphorylation site, thereby regulating its nuclear accumulation and half-life. In Xenopus embryos, Wip1 limits mesoderm formation and favors neural induction by inhibiting TGF-β/BMP signals. Wip1 restrains TGF-β-induced growth arrest, migration, and invasion in human cells and enhances the tumorigenicity of cancer cells by repressing the antimitogenic activity of Smad4. We propose that Wip1-dependent dephosphorylation of Smad4 is critical for the regulation of TGF-β signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong‐Seok Park
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Gang‐Ho Yoon
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Eun‐Young Kim
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Taehyeong Lee
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Kyuhee Kim
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Peter CW Lee
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Eun‐Ju Chang
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Sun‐Cheol Choi
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
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7
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Wang Z, Xu C, Diplas BH, Moure CJ, Chen CPJ, Chen LH, Du C, Zhu H, Greer PK, Zhang L, He Y, Waitkus MS, Yan H. Targeting Mutant PPM1D Sensitizes Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma Cells to the PARP Inhibitor Olaparib. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:968-980. [PMID: 32229503 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is an invariably fatal brain tumor occurring predominantly in children. Up to 90% of pediatric DIPGs harbor a somatic heterozygous mutation resulting in the replacement of lysine 27 with methionine (K27M) in genes encoding histone H3.3 (H3F3A, 65%) or H3.1 (HIST1H3B, 25%). Several studies have also identified recurrent truncating mutations in the gene encoding protein phosphatase 1D, PPM1D, in 9%-23% of DIPGs. Here, we sought to investigate the therapeutic potential of targeting PPM1D, alone or in combination with inhibitors targeting specific components of DNA damage response pathways in patient-derived DIPG cell lines. We found that GSK2830371, an allosteric PPM1D inhibitor, suppressed the proliferation of PPM1D-mutant, but not PPM1D wild-type DIPG cells. We further observed that PPM1D inhibition sensitized PPM1D-mutant DIPG cells to PARP inhibitor (PARPi) treatment. Mechanistically, combined PPM1D and PARP inhibition show synergistic effects on suppressing a p53-dependent RAD51 expression and the formation of RAD51 nuclear foci, possibly leading to impaired homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA repair in PPM1D-mutant DIPG cells. Collectively, our findings reveal the potential role of the PPM1D-p53 signaling axis in the regulation of HR-mediated DNA repair and provide preclinical evidence demonstrating that combined inhibition of PPM1D and PARP1/2 may be a promising therapeutic combination for targeting PPM1D-mutant DIPG tumors. IMPLICATIONS: The findings support the use of PARPi in combination with PPM1D inhibition against PPM1D-mutant DIPGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Wang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Cheng Xu
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Bill H Diplas
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Casey J Moure
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Chin-Pu Jason Chen
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Lee H Chen
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Changzheng Du
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Huishan Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Paula K Greer
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiping He
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Matthew S Waitkus
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. .,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Hai Yan
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. .,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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8
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Abstract
Members of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family play key roles in embryogenesis and in maintaining tissue homeostasis, and their perturbation can result in a broad range of diseases. One way TGF-β family signaling pathways are kept in check is by reversible (de)phosphorylation of intracellular Smad effectors. In this issue of EMBO Reports, Park et al [1] identify the phosphatase wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 (Wip1) as a negative regulator of TGF-β family signaling. Mechanistically, Wip1 constrains TGF-β family signaling through direct dephosphorylation of Thr277, an activating MAP kinase phosphorylation site located in the linker region of the common mediator Smad4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Ten Dijke
- Department Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - David Baker
- Department Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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9
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You W, Xu Z, Shan T. Regulatory Roles of GADD45α in Skeletal Muscle and Adipocyte. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2020; 20:918-925. [PMID: 31232235 DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666190624143503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
GADD45α, a member of the GADD45 family proteins, is involved in various cellular processes including the maintenance of genomic integrity, growth arrest, apoptosis, senescence, and signal transduction. In skeletal muscle, GADD45α plays an important role in regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and muscle atrophy. In adipocytes, GADD45α regulates preadipocyte differentiation, lipid accumulation, and thermogenesis metabolism. Moreover, it has been recently demonstrated that GADD45α promotes gene activation by inducing DNA demethylation. The epigenetic function of GADD45α is important for preadipocyte differentiation and transcriptional regulation during development. This article mainly reviews and discusses the regulatory roles of GADD45α in skeletal muscle development, adipocyte progenitor differentiation, and DNA demethylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing You
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University; The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Ziye Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University; The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University; The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
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10
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Wang B, Zhang M, Che J, Li K, Mu Y, Liu Z. Wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 (WIP1) regulates the proliferation of swine Sertoli cells through P53. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020; 32:1350-1356. [PMID: 33287951 DOI: 10.1071/rd20215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 (WIP1) plays an oncogenic function by increasing cell proliferation in various cancer types. Deficiency in WIP1 expression leads to male infertility, possibly by impairing the blood-testis barrier and spermatogenesis. However, how WIP1 functions in the Sertoli cells to affect male reproduction remains unclear. Thus, in the present study we used a swine Sertoli cell line to investigate whether WIP1 regulated the proliferation of Sertoli cells to participate in male reproduction. The WIP1 inhibitor GSK2830371, WIP1-short interference (si) RNAs and an upstream microRNA (miR-16) were used to inhibit the expression of WIP1, after which the proliferation of swine Sertoli cells, P53 expression and the levels of P53 phosphorylation were determined. Inhibiting WIP1 expression suppressed swine Sertoli cell proliferation, increased P53 expression and increased levels of P53 phosphorylation. In addition, overexpression of miR-16 in swine Sertoli cells resulted in a decrease in WIP1 expression and increases in both P53 expression and P53 phosphorylation. Together, these findings suggest that WIP1 positively regulates the proliferation of swine Sertoli cells by inhibiting P53 phosphorylation, and the miR-16 is likely also involved by targeting WIP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyuan Wang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mingrui Zhang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; and College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jingjing Che
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kui Li
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yulian Mu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; and Corresponding authors. ;
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; and Corresponding authors. ;
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11
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Stolte B, Iniguez AB, Dharia NV, Robichaud AL, Conway AS, Morgan AM, Alexe G, Schauer NJ, Liu X, Bird GH, Tsherniak A, Vazquez F, Buhrlage SJ, Walensky LD, Stegmaier K. Genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 screen identifies druggable dependencies in TP53 wild-type Ewing sarcoma. J Exp Med 2018; 215:2137-2155. [PMID: 30045945 PMCID: PMC6080915 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20171066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stolte et al. use genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 screening technology to identify druggable targets for TP53 wild-type Ewing sarcoma and discover reactivation of p53 through inhibition of MDM2, MDM4, Wip1, or USP7 as therapeutic strategies for the disease. Ewing sarcoma is a pediatric cancer driven by EWS-ETS transcription factor fusion oncoproteins in an otherwise stable genomic background. The majority of tumors express wild-type TP53, and thus, therapies targeting the p53 pathway would benefit most patients. To discover targets specific for TP53 wild-type Ewing sarcoma, we used a genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 screening approach and identified and validated MDM2, MDM4, USP7, and PPM1D as druggable dependencies. The stapled peptide inhibitor of MDM2 and MDM4, ATSP-7041, showed anti-tumor efficacy in vitro and in multiple mouse models. The USP7 inhibitor, P5091, and the Wip1/PPM1D inhibitor, GSK2830371, decreased the viability of Ewing sarcoma cells. The combination of ATSP-7041 with P5091, GSK2830371, and chemotherapeutic agents showed synergistic action on the p53 pathway. The effects of the inhibitors, including the specific USP7 inhibitor XL-188, were rescued by concurrent TP53 knockout, highlighting the essentiality of intact p53 for the observed cytotoxic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Stolte
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| | - Amanda Balboni Iniguez
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| | - Neekesh V Dharia
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| | - Amanda L Robichaud
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Amy Saur Conway
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ann M Morgan
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and the Linde Program in Cancer Chemical Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Gabriela Alexe
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA.,Bioinformatics Graduate Program, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | - Nathan J Schauer
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Xiaoxi Liu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Gregory H Bird
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and the Linde Program in Cancer Chemical Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | | | | | - Sara J Buhrlage
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Loren D Walensky
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and the Linde Program in Cancer Chemical Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Kimberly Stegmaier
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA .,The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
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12
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Xu J, Zhong H, Cui L, Lan Q, Chen L, He W, Wu Y, Jiang L, Huang H, Zhao X, Li L, Zeng S, Li M, Xu F. Expression of wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 in diabetic epiretinal membranes. Oncotarget 2018; 8:35532-35541. [PMID: 28402943 PMCID: PMC5482596 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aims of the present study were to investigate the expression and distribution of Wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 (Wip1) in diabetic patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) with epiretinal membranes (ERMs) meanwhile analyze the colocalization of Wip1 and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) p65 in ERMs. Methods ERMs samples were collected from patients with PDR (PDR group) or non-diabetic patients with idiopathic epiretinal membranes (iERMs) (control group) during pars plana vitrectomy. Real-Time PCR analysis was carried out to examine the mRNA expression of Wip1 in ERMs. Immunohistochemical analysis and Immunofluorescent analysis were performed to detect the protein expression of Wip1 in ERMs. Double immunofluorescent staining was performed to detect the colocalization of Wip1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) (retinal glial cells marker), also Wip1 and NF-κB. Results ERMs were obtained from 17 eyes of 17 patients with PDR (the PDR group) and 9 eyes of 9 nondiabetic patients (the control group) with iERMs. Our results showed high expression levels of Wip1 mRNAs in ERMs after PDR, but low in iERMs. In addition, both immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence assay showed strong immunoreactivity for Wip1 in PDR ERMs. Furthermore, Wip1 and GFAP were coexpressed in PDR membranes. Finally, the expression of Wip1 was paralleled with NF-κB. Conclusion These data support the notion that Wip1 contributes to the formation of the ERMs in PDR membranes via NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiping Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibin Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Lan
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifei Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing He
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Siming Zeng
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
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Lai KP, Li JW, Wang SY, Wan MT, Chan TF, Lui WY, Au DWT, Wu RSS, Kong RYC. Transcriptomic analysis reveals transgenerational effect of hypoxia on the neural control of testicular functions. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 195:41-48. [PMID: 29276994 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
There are over 400 hypoxic zones in the ocean worldwide. Both laboratory and field studies have shown that hypoxia causes endocrine disruption and reproductive impairments in vertebrates. More importantly, our recent study discovered that parental (F0) hypoxia exposure resulted in the transgenerational impairment of sperm quality in the F2 generation through the epigenetic regulation of germ cells. In the present study, we aim to test the hypothesis that the brain, as the major regulator of the brain-pituitary-gonad (BPG) axis, is also involved in the observed transgenerational effect. Using comparative transcriptomic analysis on brain tissues of marine medaka Oryzias melastigma, 45 common differentially expressed genes caused by parental hypoxia exposure were found in the hypoxic group of the F0 and F2 generations, and the transgenerational groups of the F2 generation. The bioinformatic analysis on this deregulated gene cluster further highlighted the possible involvement of the brain in the transgenerational effect of hypoxia on testicular structure, including abnormal morphologies of the epididymis and the seminal vesicle, and degeneration of the seminiferous tubule. This finding is concordant to the result of hematoxylin and eosin staining, which showed the reduction of testicular lobular diameter in the F0 and F2 generations. Our study demonstrated for the first time the involvement of the brain in the transgenerational effect of hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keng Po Lai
- Department of Chemistry, The City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, The City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Jing Woei Li
- Department of Chemistry, The City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Simon Yuan Wang
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Miles Teng Wan
- Department of Chemistry, The City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Ting Fung Chan
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Wing Yee Lui
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Doris Wai-Ting Au
- Department of Chemistry, The City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, The City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Rudolf Shiu-Sun Wu
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, The City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Richard Yuen-Chong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, The City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, The City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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Abstract
Cells undergoing oncogenic transformation frequently inactivate tumor suppressor pathways that could prevent their uncontrolled growth. Among those pathways p53 and p38MAPK pathways play a critical role in regulation of cell cycle, senescence and cell death in response to activation of oncogenes, stress and DNA damage. Consequently, these two pathways are important in determining the sensitivity of tumor cells to anti-cancer treatment. Wild type p53-induced phosphatase, Wip1, is involved in governance of both pathways. Recently, strategies directed to manipulation with Wip1 activity proposed to advance current day anticancer treatment and novel chemical compounds synthesized to improve specificity of manipulation with Wip1 activity. Here we reviewed the history of Wip1 studies in vitro and in vivo, in genetically modified animal models that support Wip1 role in tumorigenesis through regulation of p53 and p38MAPK pathways. Based on our knowledge we propose several recommendations for future more accurate studies of Wip1 interactions with other pathways involved in tumorigenesis using recently developed tools and for adoption of Wip1 manipulation strategies in anti-cancer therapy.
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15
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Zhen H, Zhao L, Ling Z, Kuo L, Xue X, Feng J. Wip1 regulates blood-brain barrier function and neuro-inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide via the sonic hedgehog signaling signaling pathway. Mol Immunol 2017; 93:31-37. [PMID: 29128669 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The blood brain barrier (BBB) is a diffusion barrier that maintains the brain environment. Wip1 is a nuclear phosphatase induced by many factors and involved in various stresses, tumorigenesis, organismal aging, and neurogenesis. Wip1's role in BBB integrity has not been thoroughly investigated. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of Wip1 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BBB dysfunction and inflammation in an in vitro BBB model. The in vitro BBB model was established by co-culturing human brain-microvascular endothelial cells and human astrocytes and then exposing them to 1μg/ml LPS for 6, 12, 18, 24, and 48h. Wip1 expression was significantly elevated by LPS treatment. Knockdown of Wip1 aggravated the increased permeability and decreased transepithelial electrical resistance, protein expression of ZO-1, and occludin induced by LPS. Wip1 silencing augmented the elevated inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-12, and IL-6 of the BBB induced by LPS, whereas overexpression of Wip1 showed a contrary effect. Sonic hedgehog signaling (SHH) was activated by Wip1 overexpression and inhibited by Wip1 silencing. Additionally, activating or inhibiting the SHH pathway by purmorphamine or cyclopamine, respectively, abolished the Wip1-induced changes in transepithelial electrical resistance and permeability and inflammatory responses in the LPS-injured BBB model. Our results demonstrate that Wip1 may protect the BBB against LPS-induced integrity disruption and inflammatory response through the SHH signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhen
- No. 2 Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua Western Road, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Lize Zhao
- No. 2 Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua Western Road, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhangjun Ling
- No. 2 Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua Western Road, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Li Kuo
- No. 2 Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua Western Road, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiarui Xue
- No. 2 Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua Western Road, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jiaxiu Feng
- No. 2 Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua Western Road, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, China.
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Kowalska M, Wegierek-Ciuk A, Brzoska K, Wojewodzka M, Meczynska-Wielgosz S, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J, Mruk R, Øvrevik J, Kruszewski M, Lankoff A. Genotoxic potential of diesel exhaust particles from the combustion of first- and second-generation biodiesel fuels-the FuelHealth project. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:24223-24234. [PMID: 28889235 PMCID: PMC5655577 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9995-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological data indicate that exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) from traffic emissions is associated with higher risk of morbidity and mortality related to cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, accelerated progression of atherosclerotic plaques, and possible lung cancer. While the impact of DEPs from combustion of fossil diesel fuel on human health has been extensively studied, current knowledge of DEPs from combustion of biofuels provides limited and inconsistent information about its mutagenicity and genotoxicity, as well as possible adverse health risks. The objective of the present work was to compare the genotoxicity of DEPs from combustion of two first-generation fuels, 7% fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) (B7) and 20% FAME (B20), and a second-generation 20% FAME/hydrotreated vegetable oil (SHB: synthetic hydrocarbon biofuel) fuel. Our results revealed that particulate engine emissions from each type of biodiesel fuel induced genotoxic effects in BEAS-2B and A549 cells, manifested as the increased levels of single-strand breaks, the increased frequencies of micronuclei, or the deregulated expression of genes involved in DNA damage signaling pathways. We also found that none of the tested DEPs showed the induction of oxidative DNA damage and the gamma-H2AX-detectable double-strand breaks. The most pronounced differences concerning the tested particles were observed for the induction of single-strand breaks, with the greatest genotoxicity being associated with the B7-derived DEPs. The differences in other effects between DEPs from the different biodiesel blend percentage and biodiesel feedstock were also observed, but the magnitude of these variations was limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kowalska
- Department of Radiobiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, 15 Swietokrzyska Str, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | - Aneta Wegierek-Ciuk
- Department of Radiobiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, 15 Swietokrzyska Str, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | - Kamil Brzoska
- Center for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 16 Dorodna Str, 03-195, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Wojewodzka
- Center for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 16 Dorodna Str, 03-195, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sylwia Meczynska-Wielgosz
- Center for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 16 Dorodna Str, 03-195, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska
- Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 166 Nowoursynowska Str, 02-787, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Remigiusz Mruk
- Faculty of Production Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 166 Nowoursynowska Str, 02-787, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Johan Øvrevik
- Domain of Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404, Nydalen, 0403, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marcin Kruszewski
- Center for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 16 Dorodna Str, 03-195, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Anna Lankoff
- Department of Radiobiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, 15 Swietokrzyska Str, 25-406, Kielce, Poland.
- Center for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 16 Dorodna Str, 03-195, Warsaw, Poland.
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17
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Zhao L, Wang L, Chi C, Lan W, Su Y. The emerging roles of phosphatases in Hedgehog pathway. Cell Commun Signal 2017; 15:35. [PMID: 28931407 PMCID: PMC5607574 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-017-0191-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog signaling is evolutionarily conserved and plays a pivotal role in cell fate determination, embryonic development, and tissue renewal. As aberrant Hedgehog signaling is tightly associated with a broad range of human diseases, its activities must be precisely controlled. It has been known that several core components of Hedgehog pathway undergo reversible phosphorylations mediated by protein kinases and phosphatases, which acts as an effective regulatory mechanism to modulate Hedgehog signal activities. In contrast to kinases that have been extensively studied in these phosphorylation events, phosphatases were thought to function in an unspecific manner, thus obtained much less emphasis in the past. However, in recent years, increasing evidence has implicated that phosphatases play crucial and specific roles in the context of developmental signaling, including Hedgehog signaling. In this review, we present a summary of current progress on phosphatase studies in Hedgehog pathway, emphasizing the multiple employments of protein serine/threonine phosphatases during the transduction of morphogenic Hedgehog signal in both Drosophila and vertebrate systems, all of which provide insights into the importance of phosphatases in the specific regulation of Hedgehog signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Zhao
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Liguo Wang
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Chunli Chi
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Wenwen Lan
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Ying Su
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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18
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Shen XF, Zhao Y, Cao K, Guan WX, Li X, Zhang Q, Zhao Y, Ding YT, Du JF. Wip1 Deficiency Promotes Neutrophil Recruitment to the Infection Site and Improves Sepsis Outcome. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1023. [PMID: 28878779 PMCID: PMC5572246 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is defined as an uncontrolled host response to infection, and no specific therapy or drugs have been used in clinical trials currently. Discovering new therapeutic targets for sepsis treatment has always been a central problem in the field of sepsis research. Neutrophils stand at the first line in controlling infection and have been identified to be dysregulated with impaired migration and antimicrobial function during sepsis. Based on our previous results on demonstrating wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 in controlling neutrophil development, we explored the possible relationship among Wip1, neutrophils, and sepsis in the present study. Wip1-deficient mice exhibited improved outcomes in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis model with enhanced bacterial clearance and less multi-organ damage. The protection seen in Wip1 KO mice was mainly due to an increased accumulation of neutrophils in the primary infectious locus mediated by the decreased internalization of CXCR2, as well as by an increased antimicrobial function. Additionally, we also identified a negative correlation between CXCR2 and Wip1 in human neutrophils during sepsis. Pharmacological inhibition of Wip1 with its inhibitor can also prevent the internalization of CXCR2 on human neutrophils treated with lipopolysaccharides in vitro and significantly improve the outcome in CLP-induced sepsis model. Taken together, our results demonstrate that Wip1 can negatively regulate neutrophil migration and antimicrobial immunity during sepsis and inhibition of Wip1 can be a potential therapeutic target for sepsis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Transplantation Biology Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Transplantation Biology Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Cao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen-Xian Guan
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Transplantation Biology Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Tao Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun-Feng Du
- Department of General Surgery, PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Xu F, Chen L, Zhao X, Zhong H, Cui L, Jiang L, Huang H, Li L, Zeng S, Li M. Interaction of Wip1 and NF-κB regulates neuroinflammatory response in astrocytes. Inflamm Res 2017; 66:1011-1019. [PMID: 28780681 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-017-1085-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of the present study were to detect the interaction of Wip1 and NF-κB P65 in retina of an LPS-induced astrocytes activation model. METHODS The interaction between Wip1 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) P65 was observed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated primary rat astrocytes derived from retina. The expressions of Wip1 and NF-κB P65 were evaluated using Western blot and RT-PCR. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) against Wip1 was transfected into astrocytes to clarify the phosphorylation status and nuclear translocation of NF-κB P65 and expressions of these proinflammatory factors. Meanwhile, expression of Wip1 was assessed following treatment with NF-κB inhibitor. RESULTS Wip1 and phospho-NF-κB P65 (p-P65) expressions were significantly increased and colocalization in astrocytes after LPS treatment. The expression of p-P65 was augmented by transfected with Wip1 siRNA followed by LPS. Furthermore, pre-treatment with Wip1 siRNA further enhanced LPS-induced NF-κB P65 translocation into the nuclei and proinflammatory cytokine release. Finally, inhibition of NF-κB decreases Wip1 expression and transcription in primary astrocytes. CONCLUSION These data provide a mechanism for the role for a negative feedback loop of Wip1 and NF-κB in LPS-induced astrocytic activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lifei Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibin Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Siming Zeng
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Xia ZS, Wu D, Zhong W, Lu XJ, Yu T, Chen QK. Wip1 gene silencing enhances the chemosensitivity of human colon cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1875-1883. [PMID: 28781635 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Multidrug resistance is one of the main reasons for failure of therapy in patients with advanced colon cancer. In previous studies, multiple methods were investigated to reverse the multidrug resistance of colon cancer cells. However, to date, no clinical method has been identified to be satisfactory. Therefore, successful reversal of drug resistance in colon cancer cells still requires new therapeutic strategies or pharmaceuticals. Wild-type p53-induced phosphatase (Wip1), a member of the 2C type serine/threonine protein phosphatase family, is closely associated with the p53 gene, which is the most important tumor-suppressor gene. Wip1 was reported to be associated with the chemosensitivity of breast cancer cells. However, the correlation between the expression of Wip1 gene and the chemosensitivity of colon cancer cells has not been reported yet. In the present study, Wip1-811 small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting Wip1 was investigated to reverse the multidrug resistance of colon cancer cells. The siRNA duplexes were transfected into RKO colon cancer cells. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of Wip1 was measured by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The protein level of Wip1 was detected by western blotting. The cell viability was measured by MTS assay. The cell apoptosis and cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry. Intracellular adriamycin cumulative concentration was determined using flow cytometry. Wip1-811 siRNA efficiently inhibited the expression of Wip1 at the mRNA and protein levels, and enhanced the sensitivity of RKO colon cancer cells towards chemotherapy, which was accompanied by increased cell apoptosis, following the inhibition of Wip1 gene expression. These results indicate that Wip1 gene silencing could enhance the chemosensitivity of colon cancer cells, which may provide a new potential approach for the reversal of multidrug resistance in colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Sheng Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Wa Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Xi-Ji Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Kui Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
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Liu KM, Zhang HH, Wang YN, Wang LM, Chen HY, Long CF, Zhang LF, Zhang HB, Yan HB. Wild-type p53-induced Phosphatase 1 Deficiency Exacerbates Myocardial Infarction-induced Ischemic Injury. Chin Med J (Engl) 2017; 130:1333-1341. [PMID: 28524834 PMCID: PMC5455044 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.206353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major disease burden. Wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 (Wip1) has been studied extensively in the context of cancer and the regulation of different types of stem cells, but the role of Wip1 in cardiac adaptation to MI is unknown. We investigated the significance of Wip1 in a mouse model of MI. METHODS The study began in June 2014 and was completed in July 2016. We compared Wip1-knockout (Wip1-KO) mice and wild-type (WT) mice to determine changes in cardiac function and survival in response to MI. The heart weight/body weight (HW/BW) ratio and cardiac function were measured before MI. Mouse MI was established by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery under 1.5% isoflurane anesthesia. After MI, survival of the mice was observed for 4 weeks. Cardiac function was examined by echocardiography. The HW/BW ratio was analyzed, and cardiac hypertrophy was measured by wheat germ agglutinin staining. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to determine the infarct size. Gene expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and the levels of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (stat3) and phosphor-stat3 (p-stat3) were also analyzed by Western blotting. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, log-rank test, unpaired t-test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS Wip1-KO mice had a marginally increased HW/BW ratio and slightly impaired cardiac function before LAD ligation. After MI, Wip1-deficient mice exhibited increased mortality (57.14% vs. 29.17%; n = 24 [WT], n = 35 [Wip1-KO], P< 0.05), increased cardiac hypertrophy (HW/BW ratio: 7 days: 7.25 ± 0.36 vs. 5.84 ± 0.18, n = 10, P< 0.01, and 4 weeks: 6.05 ± 0.17 vs. 5.87 ± 0.24, n = 10, P > 0.05; cross-sectional area: 7 days: 311.80 ± 8.29 vs. 268.90 ± 11.15, n = 6, P< 0.05, and 4 weeks: 308.80 ± 11.26 vs. 317.00 ± 13.55, n = 6, P > 0.05), and reduced cardiac function (ejection fraction: 7 days: 29.37 ± 1.38 vs. 34.72 ± 1.81, P< 0.05, and 4 weeks: 19.06 ± 2.07 vs. 26.37 ± 2.95, P< 0.05; fractional shortening: 7 days: 13.72 ± 0.71 vs. 16.50 ± 0.94, P< 0.05, and 4 weeks: 8.79 ± 1.00 vs. 12.48 ± 1.48, P< 0.05; n = 10 [WT], n = 15 [Wip1-KO]). H&E staining revealed a larger infarct size in Wip1-KO mice than in WT mice (34.79% ± 2.44% vs. 19.55% ± 1.48%, n = 6, P< 0.01). The expression of IL-6 and p-stat3 was downregulated in Wip1-KO mice (IL-6: 1.71 ± 0.27 vs. 4.46 ± 0.79, n = 6, P< 0.01; and p-stat3/stat3: 1.15 ± 0.15 vs. 1.97 ± 0.23, n = 6, P< 0.05). CONCLUSION The results suggest that Wip1 could protect the heart from MI-induced ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Mei Liu
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Hai-Hong Zhang
- Department of Physiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ya-Nan Wang
- Department of Physiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Lian-Mei Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hong-Yu Chen
- Department of Physiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Cai-Feng Long
- Department of Physiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Lian-Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medical Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hong-Bing Zhang
- Department of Physiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Hong-Bing Yan
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
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Li D, Zhang L, Xu L, Liu L, He Y, Zhang Y, Huang X, Zhao T, Wu L, Zhao Y, Wu K, Li H, Yu X, Zhao T, Gong S, Fan M, Zhu L. WIP1 phosphatase is a critical regulator of adipogenesis through dephosphorylating PPARγ serine 112. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:2067-2079. [PMID: 28180926 PMCID: PMC11107755 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2450-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
WIP1, as a critical phosphatase, plays many important roles in various physiological and pathological processes through dephosphorylating different substrate proteins. However, the functions of WIP1 in adipogenesis and fat accumulation are not clear. Here, we report that WIP1-deficient mice show impaired body weight growth, dramatically decreased fat mass, and significantly reduced triglyceride and leptin levels in circulation. This dysregulation of adipose development caused by the deletion of WIP1 occurs as early as adipogenesis. In contrast, lentivirus-mediated WIP1 phosphatase overexpression significantly increases the adipogenesis of pre-adipocytes via an enzymatic activity-dependent mechanism. PPARγ is a master gene of adipogenesis, and the phosphorylation of PPARγ at serine 112 strongly inhibits adipogenesis; however, very little is known about the negative regulation of this phosphorylation. Here, we show that WIP1 phosphatase plays a pro-adipogenic role by interacting directly with PPARγ and dephosphorylating p-PPARγ S112 in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahu Li
- Department of Cognitive Science, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Cognitive Science, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Lun Xu
- Department of Cognitive Science, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Lili Liu
- Department of Cognitive Science, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
- Navy General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yunling He
- Department of Cognitive Science, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yiyao Zhang
- Department of Cognitive Science, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
- Air Force General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Cognitive Science, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Department of Cognitive Science, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Liying Wu
- Department of Cognitive Science, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yongqi Zhao
- Department of Cognitive Science, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Kuiwu Wu
- Department of Cognitive Science, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Taiyun Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Shenghui Gong
- Department of Cognitive Science, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ming Fan
- Department of Cognitive Science, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Lingling Zhu
- Department of Cognitive Science, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
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Oghabi Bakhshaiesh T, Majidzadeh-A K, Esmaeili R. Wip1: A candidate phosphatase for cancer diagnosis and treatment. DNA Repair (Amst) 2017; 54:63-66. [PMID: 28385459 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The critical regulatory mechanisms in numerous cellular pathways including cell survival and DNA damage response mostly depend on phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of proteins. The serine/threonine phosphatase wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 (Wip1) is a growth-promoting phosphatase and its numerous downstream targets are important tumor suppressors. Here, we review the Wip1 activity and its relevance to cancer as an oncoprotein. Consecutive investigations about Wip1 and its relation to cancer is critical, as these studies ultimately contribute to the etiology of cancer. A number of innovative studies have recently investigated the importance of Wip1 as a new candidate for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Accordingly, we discuss the present challenges of using Wip1 as a target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Keivan Majidzadeh-A
- Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rezvan Esmaeili
- Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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24
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Shen XF, Zhao Y, Jiang JP, Guan WX, Du JF. Phosphatase Wip1 in Immunity: An Overview and Update. Front Immunol 2017; 8:8. [PMID: 28144241 PMCID: PMC5239779 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 (Wip1) is a newly identified serine/threonine phosphatase, which belongs to the PP2C family. Due to its involvement in stress-induced networks and overexpression in human tumors, primary studies have mainly focused on the role of Wip1 in tumorigenesis. It now has also been implicated in regulating several other physiological processes such as organism aging and neurogenesis. Recent evidence highlights a new role of Wip1 in controlling immune response through regulating immune cell development and function, as well as through the interplay with inflammatory signaling pathways such NF-κB and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. In this short review, we will give an overview of Wip1 in immunity to better understand this important phosphatase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China; Transplantation Biology Research Division, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Transplantation Biology Research Division, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Jin-Peng Jiang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, PLA Army General Hospital , Beijing , China
| | - Wen-Xian Guan
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , China
| | - Jun-Feng Du
- Department of General Surgery, PLA Army General Hospital , Beijing , China
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25
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Gamma-H2AX upregulation caused by Wip1 deficiency increases depression-related cellular senescence in hippocampus. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34558. [PMID: 27686532 PMCID: PMC5043360 DOI: 10.1038/srep34558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The PP2C family member Wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 (Wip1) critically regulates DNA damage response (DDR) under stressful situations. In the present study, we investigated whether Wip1 expression was involved in the regulation of DDR-induced and depression-related cellular senescence in mouse hippocampus. We found that Wip1 gene knockout (KO) mice showed aberrant elevation of hippocampal cellular senescence and of γ-H2AX activity, which is known as a biomarker of DDR and cellular senescence, indicating that the lack of Wip1-mediated γ-H2AX dephosphorylation facilitates cellular senescence in hippocampus. Administration of the antidepressant fluoxetine had no significant effects on the increased depression-like behaviors, enriched cellular senescence, and aberrantly upregulated hippocampal γ-H2AX activity in Wip1 KO mice. After wildtype C57BL/6 mice were exposed to the procedure of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), cellular senescence and γ-H2AX activity in hippocampus were also elevated, accompanied by the suppression of Wip1 expression in hippocampus when compared to the control group without CUMS experience. These CUMS-induced symptoms were effectively prevented following fluoxetine administration in wildtype C57BL/6 mice, with the normalization of depression-like behaviors. Our data demonstrate that Wip1-mediated γ-H2AX dephosphorylation may play an important role in the occurrence of depression-related cellular senescence.
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26
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Tatjer L, González A, Serra-Cardona A, Barceló A, Casamayor A, Ariño J. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ptc1 protein phosphatase attenuates G2-M cell cycle blockage caused by activation of the cell wall integrity pathway. Mol Microbiol 2016; 101:671-87. [PMID: 27169355 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Lack of the yeast Ptc1 Ser/Thr protein phosphatase results in numerous phenotypic defects. A parallel search for high-copy number suppressors of three of these phenotypes (sensitivity to Calcofluor White, rapamycin and alkaline pH), allowed the isolation of 25 suppressor genes, which could be assigned to three main functional categories: maintenance of cell wall integrity (CWI), vacuolar function and protein sorting, and cell cycle regulation. The characterization of these genetic interactions strengthens the relevant role of Ptc1 in downregulating the Slt2-mediated CWI pathway. We show that under stress conditions activating the CWI pathway the ptc1 mutant displays hyperphosphorylated Cdc28 kinase and that these cells accumulate with duplicated DNA content, indicative of a G2-M arrest. Clb2-associated Cdc28 activity was also reduced in ptc1 cells. These alterations are attenuated by mutation of the MKK1 gene, encoding a MAP kinase kinase upstream Slt2. Therefore, our data show that Ptc1 is required for proper G2-M cell cycle transition after activation of the CWI pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tatjer
- Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Asier González
- Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Serra-Cardona
- Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Barceló
- Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Casamayor
- Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín Ariño
- Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Barcelona, Spain
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27
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Zhong H, Cui L, Xu F, Chen L, Jiang L, Huang H, Xu J, Zhao X, Li L, Zeng S, Li M. Up-regulation of Wip1 involves in neuroinflammation of retinal astrocytes after optic nerve crush via NF-κB signaling pathway. Inflamm Res 2016; 65:709-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-016-0952-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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28
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Structural and Biochemical Characterization of a Cyanobacterial PP2C Phosphatase Reveals Insights into Catalytic Mechanism and Substrate Recognition. Catalysts 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/catal6050060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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29
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Salamon H, Klika Škopić M, Jung K, Bugain O, Brunschweiger A. Chemical Biology Probes from Advanced DNA-encoded Libraries. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:296-307. [PMID: 26820267 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.5b00981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The identification of bioactive compounds is a crucial step toward development of probes for chemical biology studies. Screening of DNA-encoded small molecule libraries (DELs) has emerged as a validated technology to interrogate vast chemical space. DELs consist of chimeric molecules composed of a low-molecular weight compound that is conjugated to a DNA identifier tag. They are screened as pooled libraries using selection to identify "hits." Screening of DELs has identified numerous bioactive compounds. Some of these molecules were instrumental in gaining a deeper understanding of biological systems. One of the main challenges in the field is the development of synthesis methodology for DELs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Salamon
- Faculty of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Technical University of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße
6, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Mateja Klika Škopić
- Faculty of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Technical University of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße
6, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Kathrin Jung
- Faculty of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Technical University of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße
6, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Olivia Bugain
- Faculty of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Technical University of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße
6, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Andreas Brunschweiger
- Faculty of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Technical University of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße
6, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
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30
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Tatjer L, Sacristán-Reviriego A, Casado C, González A, Rodríguez-Porrata B, Palacios L, Canadell D, Serra-Cardona A, Martín H, Molina M, Ariño J. Wide-Ranging Effects of the Yeast Ptc1 Protein Phosphatase Acting Through the MAPK Kinase Mkk1. Genetics 2016; 202:141-56. [PMID: 26546002 PMCID: PMC4701081 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.115.183202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae type 2C protein phosphatase Ptc1 is required for a wide variety of cellular functions, although only a few cellular targets have been identified. A genetic screen in search of mutations in protein kinase-encoding genes able to suppress multiple phenotypic traits caused by the ptc1 deletion yielded a single gene, MKK1, coding for a MAPK kinase (MAPKK) known to activate the cell-wall integrity (CWI) Slt2 MAPK. In contrast, mutation of the MKK1 paralog, MKK2, had a less significant effect. Deletion of MKK1 abolished the increased phosphorylation of Slt2 induced by the absence of Ptc1 both under basal and CWI pathway stimulatory conditions. We demonstrate that Ptc1 acts at the level of the MAPKKs of the CWI pathway, but only the Mkk1 kinase activity is essential for ptc1 mutants to display high Slt2 activation. We also show that Ptc1 is able to dephosphorylate Mkk1 in vitro. Our results reveal the preeminent role of Mkk1 in signaling through the CWI pathway and strongly suggest that hyperactivation of Slt2 caused by upregulation of Mkk1 is at the basis of most of the phenotypic defects associated with lack of Ptc1 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tatjer
- Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Almudena Sacristán-Reviriego
- Departamento de Microbiología II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Casado
- Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Asier González
- Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Boris Rodríguez-Porrata
- Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorena Palacios
- Departamento de Microbiología II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Canadell
- Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Serra-Cardona
- Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Humberto Martín
- Departamento de Microbiología II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Molina
- Departamento de Microbiología II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín Ariño
- Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain
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Singh A, Pandey A, Srivastava AK, Tran LSP, Pandey GK. Plant protein phosphatases 2C: from genomic diversity to functional multiplicity and importance in stress management. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2015; 36:1023-1035. [DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2015.1083941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amarjeet Singh
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, India,
| | - Amita Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, India,
| | - Ashish K. Srivastava
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, and
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Signaling Pathway Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Girdhar K. Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, India,
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Shi D, Dai C, Qin J, Gu W. Negative regulation of the p300-p53 interplay by DDX24. Oncogene 2015; 35:528-36. [PMID: 25867071 PMCID: PMC4603993 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies indicate that p300 acts as a key transcriptional cofactor in vivo, at least, in part, through modulating activities of p53 by acetylation. Nevertheless, the regulation of the p53-p300 interplay is not completely understood. Here, we have identified the DEAD box RNA helicase DDX24 as a novel regulator of the p300-p53 axis. We found that DDX24 interacts with p300, and this interaction leads to suppression of p300 mediated acetylation of p53. Notably, RNAi-mediated knockdown of endogenous DDX24 significantly increases the acetylation levels of endogenous p53 in human cancer cells and subsequently promotes p53-mediated activation of its transcriptional targets such as p21 and PUMA. In contrast, DDX24 expression inhibits the p300-p53 interaction and suppresses p300-mediated acetylation of p53. Moreover, DDX24 is overexpressed in human cancer cells and reduction of DDX24 protein levels by RNAi induces cell cycle arrest and senescence in a p53 dependent manner. These results reveal DDX24 as an important regulator of p300 and suggest that the modulation of the p53-p300 interplay by DDX24 is critical in controlling p53 activities in human cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Shi
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - C Dai
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Qin
- Departments of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA
| | - W Gu
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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34
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Shen X, Du J, Zhao Y, Guan W. Phosphatase Wip1 as a new therapeutic target for intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2014; 10:1591-5. [DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2014.975211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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35
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Wang W, Zhu H, Zhang H, Zhang L, Ding Q, Jiang H. Targeting PPM1D by lentivirus-mediated RNA interference inhibits the tumorigenicity of bladder cancer cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 47:1044-9. [PMID: 25387670 PMCID: PMC4244669 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20143645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Protein phosphatase magnesium/manganese-dependent 1D (PPM1D) is a
p53-induced phosphatase that functions as a negative regulator of stress response
pathways and has oncogenic properties. However, the functional role of
PPM1D in bladder cancer (BC) remains largely unknown. In the
present study, lentivirus vectors carrying small hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting
PPM1D were used to explore the effects of PPM1D
knockdown on BC cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. shRNA-mediated knockdown of
PPM1D significantly inhibited cell growth and colony forming
ability in the BC cell lines 5637 and T24. Flow cytometric analysis showed that
PPM1D silencing increased the proportion of cells in the G0/G1
phase. Downregulation of PPM1D also inhibited 5637 cell
tumorigenicity in nude mice. The results of the present study suggest that
PPM1D plays a potentially important role in BC tumorigenicity,
and lentivirus-mediated delivery of shRNA against PPM1D might be a
promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Wang
- Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - H Zhu
- Department of the Intensive Care Unit, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - H Zhang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Q Ding
- Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - H Jiang
- Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Ali AY, Kim JY, Pelletier JF, Vanderhyden BC, Bachvarov DR, Tsang BK. Akt confers cisplatin chemoresistance in human gynecological carcinoma cells by modulating PPM1D stability. Mol Carcinog 2014; 54:1301-14. [PMID: 25154814 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OVCA) and cervical cancer (CECA) are lethal gynecological malignancies. Cisplatin (CDDP) and platinum derivatives are first line chemotherapeutics and their resistance impedes successful treatment. Understanding the molecular dysregulation underlying chemoresistance is important in developing rational therapeutic strategies. We have established that Protein Phosphatase Magnesium-dependent 1 D (PPM1D) confers CDDP resistance in gynecological cancer cells by deactivating p53. However, whether CDDP regulates intra-cellular PPM1D localization and whether this regulation is different between chemosensitive and chemoresistant cancer cells is unknown. Moreover, whether Akt regulates PPM1D in the context of CDDP resistance has not been studied. To illustrate the role of PPM1D in gynecological cancer cell chemoresistance and its regulation by Akt we have demonstrated that: (a) CDDP induced PPM1D down-regulation through proteasomal degradation in sensitive CECA cells; (b) CDDP induced PPM1D nuclear localization in resistant CECA cells, and nuclear exclusion in sensitive CECA cells and OVCA xenografts; (c) Over-expression of active Akt in sensitive CECA cells stabilized PPM1D content through inhibition of CDDP-induced PPM1D down-regulation; (d) Inhibition of Akt activity in resistant OVCA cells leads to decreased PPM1D stability and CDDP-induced down-regulation in resistant CECA cells; and (e) PPM1D is highly expressed in human ovarian tumor subtypes and in a tissue microarray panel of human ovarian tumors. In conclusion, we have established that PPM1D plays an important role in promoting CDDP resistance and as a novel downstream target of Akt, PPM1D mediates its action in conferring CDDP resistance in gynecological cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Y Ali
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ji-Young Kim
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean-François Pelletier
- Département de Médecine Moleculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Barbara C Vanderhyden
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dimcho R Bachvarov
- Département de Médecine Moleculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Benjamin K Tsang
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,World Class University (WCU) Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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37
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WIP1 regulates the proliferation and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in vitro. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:7651-7. [PMID: 24801909 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2034-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Wild-type p53-induced phosphatase (WIP1) is overexpressed and functionally altered in multiple human malignancies. The present study investigated its abnormal expression and dysfunctions in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in vitro. Here, analysis of WIP1 mRNA and protein in human NPC tissues revealed that both WIP1 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein were elevated and were correlated with NPC clinical stage and metastasis in patients. In vitro experiments further showed that WIP1 inhibition led to a decrease in the proliferative ability of NPC CNE-2 and 5-8F cells accompanied by cell cycle arrest and increased apoptosis. In addition, WIP1 knockdown inhibited the invasiveness of CNE-2 and 5-8F cells and was associated with the down-regulation of the expression of matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) mRNA and protein. Taken together, our data demonstrate that WIP1 regulates the proliferation and invasiveness of NPC cells in vitro, and this may be correlated with its modulation of MMP-9 expression, cell cycle progression and apoptosis. WIP1 functioned as a potential therapeutic target in NPC management.
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38
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Nguyen TA, Menendez D, Resnick MA, Anderson CW. Mutant TP53 posttranslational modifications: challenges and opportunities. Hum Mutat 2014; 35:738-55. [PMID: 24395704 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The wild-type (WT) human p53 (TP53) tumor suppressor can be posttranslationally modified at over 60 of its 393 residues. These modifications contribute to changes in TP53 stability and in its activity as a transcription factor in response to a wide variety of intrinsic and extrinsic stresses in part through regulation of protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions. The TP53 gene frequently is mutated in cancers, and in contrast to most other tumor suppressors, the mutations are mostly missense often resulting in the accumulation of mutant (MUT) protein, which may have novel or altered functions. Most MUT TP53s can be posttranslationally modified at the same residues as in WT TP53. Strikingly, however, codons for modified residues are rarely mutated in human tumors, suggesting that TP53 modifications are not essential for tumor suppression activity. Nevertheless, these modifications might alter MUT TP53 activity and contribute to a gain-of-function leading to increased metastasis and tumor progression. Furthermore, many of the signal transduction pathways that result in TP53 modifications are altered or disrupted in cancers. Understanding the signaling pathways that result in TP53 modification and the functions of these modifications in both WT TP53 and its many MUT forms may contribute to more effective cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy-Ai Nguyen
- Chromosome Stability Section, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
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39
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Abstract
Molecular genetics and other contemporary approaches have contributed to a better understanding of prolactin (PRL) actions at the cellular and organismal levels. In this review, several advances in knowledge of PRL actions are highlighted. Special emphasis is paid to areas of progress with consequences for understanding of human PRL actions. The impacts of these advances on future research priorities are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson D Horseman
- Program in Systems Biology and Physiology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45067-0476, USA
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40
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Gilmartin AG, Faitg TH, Richter M, Groy A, Seefeld MA, Darcy MG, Peng X, Federowicz K, Yang J, Zhang SY, Minthorn E, Jaworski JP, Schaber M, Martens S, McNulty DE, Sinnamon RH, Zhang H, Kirkpatrick RB, Nevins N, Cui G, Pietrak B, Diaz E, Jones A, Brandt M, Schwartz B, Heerding DA, Kumar R. Allosteric Wip1 phosphatase inhibition through flap-subdomain interaction. Nat Chem Biol 2014; 10:181-7. [PMID: 24390428 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.1427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Although therapeutic interventions of signal-transduction cascades with targeted kinase inhibitors are a well-established strategy, drug-discovery efforts to identify targeted phosphatase inhibitors have proven challenging. Herein we report a series of allosteric, small-molecule inhibitors of wild-type p53-induced phosphatase (Wip1), an oncogenic phosphatase common to multiple cancers. Compound binding to Wip1 is dependent on a 'flap' subdomain located near the Wip1 catalytic site that renders Wip1 structurally divergent from other members of the protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) family and that thereby confers selectivity for Wip1 over other phosphatases. Treatment of tumor cells with the inhibitor GSK2830371 increases phosphorylation of Wip1 substrates and causes growth inhibition in both hematopoietic tumor cell lines and Wip1-amplified breast tumor cells harboring wild-type TP53. Oral administration of Wip1 inhibitors in mice results in expected pharmacodynamic effects and causes inhibition of lymphoma xenograft growth. To our knowledge, GSK2830371 is the first orally active, allosteric inhibitor of Wip1 phosphatase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan G Gilmartin
- Protein Dynamics Discovery Performance Unit, Cancer Research, Oncology Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Thomas H Faitg
- Protein Dynamics Discovery Performance Unit, Cancer Research, Oncology Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mark Richter
- Protein Dynamics Discovery Performance Unit, Cancer Research, Oncology Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Arthur Groy
- Protein Dynamics Discovery Performance Unit, Cancer Research, Oncology Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mark A Seefeld
- Protein Dynamics Discovery Performance Unit, Cancer Research, Oncology Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael G Darcy
- Protein Dynamics Discovery Performance Unit, Cancer Research, Oncology Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xin Peng
- Protein Dynamics Discovery Performance Unit, Cancer Research, Oncology Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kelly Federowicz
- Protein Dynamics Discovery Performance Unit, Cancer Research, Oncology Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jingsong Yang
- Protein Dynamics Discovery Performance Unit, Cancer Research, Oncology Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Shu-Yun Zhang
- Protein Dynamics Discovery Performance Unit, Cancer Research, Oncology Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elisabeth Minthorn
- Protein Dynamics Discovery Performance Unit, Cancer Research, Oncology Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jon-Paul Jaworski
- Platform Technology and Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael Schaber
- Platform Technology and Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stan Martens
- Platform Technology and Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dean E McNulty
- Platform Technology and Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert H Sinnamon
- Platform Technology and Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hong Zhang
- Platform Technology and Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert B Kirkpatrick
- Platform Technology and Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Neysa Nevins
- Platform Technology and Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Guanglei Cui
- Platform Technology and Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Beth Pietrak
- Platform Technology and Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elsie Diaz
- Platform Technology and Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amber Jones
- Platform Technology and Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Martin Brandt
- Platform Technology and Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Benjamin Schwartz
- Platform Technology and Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dirk A Heerding
- Protein Dynamics Discovery Performance Unit, Cancer Research, Oncology Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Protein Dynamics Discovery Performance Unit, Cancer Research, Oncology Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
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Tarulli GA, De Silva D, Ho V, Kunasegaran K, Ghosh K, Tan BC, Bulavin DV, Pietersen AM. Hormone-sensing cells require Wip1 for paracrine stimulation in normal and premalignant mammary epithelium. Breast Cancer Res 2013; 15:R10. [PMID: 23369183 PMCID: PMC3672744 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The molecular circuitry of different cell types dictates their normal function as well as their response to oncogene activation. For instance, mice lacking the Wip1 phosphatase (also known as PPM1D; protein phosphatase magnesium-dependent 1D) have a delay in HER2/neu (human epidermal growth factor 2), but not Wnt1-induced mammary tumor formation. This suggests a cell type-specific reliance on Wip1 for tumorigenesis, because alveolar progenitor cells are the likely target for transformation in the MMTV(mouse mammary tumor virus)-neu but not MMTV-wnt1 breast cancer model. METHODS In this study, we used the Wip1-knockout mouse to identify the cell types that are dependent on Wip1 expression and therefore may be involved in the early stages of HER2/neu-induced tumorigenesis. RESULTS We found that alveolar development during pregnancy was reduced in Wip1-knockout mice; however, this was not attributable to changes in alveolar cells themselves. Unexpectedly, Wip1 allows steroid hormone-receptor-positive cells but not alveolar progenitors to activate STAT5 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 5) in the virgin state. In the absence of Wip1, hormone-receptor-positive cells have significantly reduced transcription of RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand) and IGF2 (insulin-like growth factor 2), paracrine stimulators of alveolar development. In the MMTV-neu model, HER2/neu activates STAT5 in alveolar progenitor cells independent of Wip1, but HER2/neu does not override the defect in STAT5 activation in Wip1-deficient hormone-sensing cells, and paracrine stimulation remains attenuated. Moreover, ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) activation by HER2/neu in hormone-sensing cells is also Wip1 dependent. CONCLUSIONS We identified Wip1 as a potentiator of prolactin and HER2/neu signaling strictly in the molecular context of hormone-sensing cells. Furthermore, our findings highlight that hormone-sensing cells convert not only estrogen and progesterone but also prolactin signals into paracrine instructions for mammary gland development. The instructive role of hormone-sensing cells in premalignant development suggests targeting Wip1 or prolactin signaling as an orthogonal strategy for inhibiting breast cancer development or relapse.
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Ali AY, Farrand L, Kim JY, Byun S, Suh JY, Lee HJ, Tsang BK. Molecular determinants of ovarian cancer chemoresistance: new insights into an old conundrum. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2013; 1271:58-67. [PMID: 23050965 PMCID: PMC3499654 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06734.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy. Cisplatin and its derivatives are first-line chemotherapeutics, and their resistance is a major hurdle in successful ovarian cancer treatment. Understanding the molecular dysregulation underlying chemoresistance is important for enhancing therapeutic outcome. Here, we review two established pathways in cancer chemoresistance. p53 is a major tumor suppressor regulating proliferation and apoptosis, and its mutation is a frequent event in human malignancies. The PI3K/Akt axis is a key oncogenic pathway regulating survival and tumorigenesis by controlling several tumor suppressors, including p53. The interplay between these pathways is well established, although the oncogenic phosphatase PPM1D adds a new layer to this intricate relationship and provides new insights into the processes determining cell fate. Inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway by functional food compounds as an adjunct to chemotherapeutics may tip the balance in favor of apoptosis rather than survival, enhancing therapeutic efficacy, and reducing side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Y Ali
- Department of Cellular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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