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Kittilukkana A, Intakhad J, Pilapong C. The role of labile iron on brain proteostasis; could it be an early event of neurodegenerative disease? Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 756:110020. [PMID: 38692471 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.110020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Iron deposits in the brain are a natural consequence of aging. Iron accumulation, especially in the form of labile iron, can trigger a cascade of adverse effects, eventually leading to neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Aging also increases the dysfunction of cellular proteostasis. The question of whether iron alters proteostasis is now being pondered. Herein, we investigated the effect of ferric citrate, considered as labile iron, on various aspects of proteostasis of neuronal cell lines, and also established an animal model having a labile iron diet in order to evaluate proteostasis alteration in the brain along with behavioral effects. According to an in vitro study, labile iron was found to activate lysosome formation but inhibits lysosomal clearance function. Furthermore, the presence of labile iron can alter autophagic flux and can also induce the accumulation of protein aggregates. RNA-sequencing analysis further reveals the upregulation of various terms related to proteostasis along with neurodegenerative disease-related terms. According to an in vivo study, a labile iron-rich diet does not induce iron overload conditions and was not detrimental to the behavior of male Wistar rats. However, an iron-rich diet can promote iron accumulation in a region-dependent manner. By staining for autophagic markers and misfolding proteins in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, an iron-rich diet was actually found to alter autophagy and induce an accumulation of misfolding proteins. These findings emphasize the importance of labile iron on brain cell proteostasis, which could be implicated in developing of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiyarin Kittilukkana
- Chiang Mai University, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Department of Radiologic Technology, Laboratory of BioMolecular Imaging, Molecular and Cellular Biology, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Jannarong Intakhad
- Chiang Mai University, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Department of Radiologic Technology, Laboratory of BioMolecular Imaging, Molecular and Cellular Biology, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Chalermchai Pilapong
- Chiang Mai University, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Department of Radiologic Technology, Laboratory of BioMolecular Imaging, Molecular and Cellular Biology, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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2
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Liu Y, Fillebeen C, Forest A, Botta A, Varin TV, Marette A, Burelle Y, Des Rosiers C, Pantopoulos K, Sweeney G. Perturbations in lipid metabolism and gut microbiota composition precede cardiac dysfunction in a mouse model of thalassemia. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23257. [PMID: 37902616 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301043r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy is a major complication of thalassemia, yet the precise underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. We examined whether altered lipid metabolism is an early driving factor in the development of cardiomyopathy using the Th3/+ mouse model of thalassemia. At age 20 weeks, male and female Th3/+ mice manifested anemia and iron overload; however, only males displayed metabolic defects and altered cardiac function. Untargeted lipidomics indicated that the circulating levels of 35 lipid species were significantly altered in Th3/+ mice compared to wild-type controls: triglycerides (TGs) with saturated fatty acids (FAs; TG42:0 and TG44:0) were elevated, while TGs with unsaturated FAs (TG(18:2_20:5_18:2 and TG54:8)) were reduced. Similarly, phosphatidylcholines (PCs) with long chain FAs (palmitic (16:0) or oleic (18:1)) were increased, while PCs with polyunsaturated FAs decreased. Circulating PC(16:0_14:0), GlcCer(d18:1/24:0) correlated significantly with iron overload and cardiac hypertrophy. 16S rRNA gene profiling revealed alterations in the intestinal microbiota of Th3/+ mice. Differentially abundant bacterial genera correlated with PC(39:6), PC(18:1_22:6), GlcCer(d18:1/24:1) and CE(14:0). These results provide new knowledge on perturbations in lipid metabolism and the gut microbiota of Th3/+ mice and identify specific factors which may represent early biomarkers or therapeutic targets to prevent development of cardiomyopathy in β-thalassemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carine Fillebeen
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anik Forest
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Amy Botta
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thibault V Varin
- Department of Medicine, Heart and lung Institute, University of Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Department of Medicine, Heart and lung Institute, University of Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yan Burelle
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christine Des Rosiers
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kostas Pantopoulos
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Statistical Permutation Test Reveals Progressive and Region-Specific Iron Accumulation in the Thalami of Children with Aspartylglucosaminuria. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10100677. [PMID: 32992453 PMCID: PMC7600807 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10100677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aspartylglucosaminuria (AGU) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder causing developmental delay, intellectual disability, and eventual death. A distinct feature in AGU is iron accumulation within the thalamus. Our aim is to demonstrate that susceptibility-weighted images (SWI) could be used as an MRI biomarker to evaluate the response within the AGU population to newly evolving treatments. SWI from 16 patients with AGU and 16 age-matched controls were used in the analysis. Thalamic volume with an iron accumulation was identified using a permutation test. Group differences were investigated for both the complete thalamus and the iron accumulation regions. Group-wise age correlation within these volumes were assessed with analysis of variance and multivariate regression. We found a statistically significant and large difference (p-value = 0.01, Cohen’s D = 0.97) for the whole thalamus comparison and an even greater difference in the iron accumulation regions (p-value < 0.01, Cohen’s D = 3.52). Furthermore, we found strong evidence for iron accumulation as a linear function of age with R2 = 0.65 only for AGU. The statistical analysis of SWI provides tools for assessing the degree of iron accumulation. This method could be used to study the response to treatments, in that a successful treatment would be expected to result in a decline in iron accumulation.
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Tokola A, Laine M, Tikkanen R, Autti T. Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging Findings in Aspartylglucosaminuria. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:1850-1854. [PMID: 31649158 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Aspartylglucosaminuria is a rare lysosomal storage disorder that causes slowly progressive, childhood-onset intellectual disability and motor deterioration. Previous studies have shown, for example, hypointensity in the thalami in patients with aspartylglucosaminuria on T2WI, especially in the pulvinar nuclei. Susceptibility-weighted imaging is a neuroimaging technique that uses tissue magnetic susceptibility to generate contrast and is able to visualize iron and other mineral deposits in the brain. SWI findings in aspartylglucosaminuria have not been reported previously. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-one patients with aspartylglucosaminuria (10 girls; 7.4-15.0 years of age) underwent 3T MR imaging. The protocol included an SWI sequence, and the images were visually evaluated. Thirteen patients (6 girls, 7.4-15.0 years of age) had good-quality SWI. Eight patients had motion artifacts and were excluded from the visual analysis. Thirteen healthy children (8 girls, 7.3-14.1 years of age) were imaged as controls. RESULTS We found a considerably uniform distribution of decreased signal intensity in SWI in the thalamic nuclei in 13 patients with aspartylglucosaminuria. The most evident hypointensity was found in the pulvinar nuclei. Patchy hypointensities were also found especially in the medial and anterior thalamic nuclei. Moreover, some hypointensity was noted in globi pallidi and substantia nigra in older patients. The filtered-phase images indicated accumulation of paramagnetic compounds in these areas. No abnormal findings were seen in the SWI of the healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS SWI indicates accumulation of paramagnetic compounds in the thalamic nuclei in patients with aspartylglucosaminuria. The finding may raise the suspicion of this rare disease in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tokola
- From the HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology (A.T., T.A.), University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Laine
- Department of Child Neurology (M.L.), Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - R Tikkanen
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty (R.T.), University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - T Autti
- From the HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology (A.T., T.A.), University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Herebian D, Alhaddad B, Seibt A, Schwarzmayr T, Danhauser K, Klee D, Harmsen S, Meitinger T, Strom TM, Schulz A, Mayatepek E, Haack TB, Distelmaier F. Coexisting variants in OSTM1 and MANEAL cause a complex neurodegenerative disorder with NBIA-like brain abnormalities. Eur J Hum Genet 2017; 25:1092-1095. [PMID: 28612835 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2017.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Coexistence of different hereditary diseases is a known phenomenon in populations with a high consanguinity rate. The resulting clinical phenotypes are extremely challenging for physicians involved in the care of these patients. Here we describe a 6-year-old boy with co-occurrence of a homozygous splice defect in OSTM1, causing infantile malignant osteopetrosis, and a loss-of-function variant in MANEAL, which has not been associated with human disease so far. The child suffered from severe infantile-onset neurodegeneration that could not be stopped by bone marrow transplantation. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated global brain atrophy and showed hypointensities of globus pallidus, corpora mamillaria, and cerebral peduncles, which were comparable to findings in neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation disorders. LC-MS/MS analysis of urine and cerebrospinal fluid samples revealed a distinct metabolic profile with accumulation of mannose tetrasaccharide molecules, suggestive of an oligosaccharide storage disease. Our results demonstrate that exome sequencing is a very effective tool in dissecting complex neurological diseases. Moreover, we suggest that MANEAL is an interesting candidate gene that should be considered in the context of neurological disorders with brain iron accumulation and/or indications of an oligosaccharide storage disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diran Herebian
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bader Alhaddad
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Annette Seibt
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Schwarzmayr
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Katharina Danhauser
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk Klee
- Medical Faculty, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefani Harmsen
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Tim M Strom
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ansgar Schulz
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ertan Mayatepek
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tobias B Haack
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Felix Distelmaier
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Polishchuk EV, Polishchuk RS. The emerging role of lysosomes in copper homeostasis. Metallomics 2016; 8:853-62. [PMID: 27339113 DOI: 10.1039/c6mt00058d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The lysosomal system operates as a focal point where a number of important physiological processes such as endocytosis, autophagy and nutrient sensing converge. One of the key functions of lysosomes consists of regulating the metabolism/homeostasis of metals. Metal-containing components are carried to the lysosome through incoming membrane flows, while numerous transporters allow metal ions to move across the lysosome membrane. These properties enable lysosomes to direct metal fluxes to the sites where metal ions are either used by cellular components or sequestered. Copper belongs to a group of metals that are essential for the activity of vitally important enzymes, although it is toxic when in excess. Thus, copper uptake, supply and intracellular compartmentalization have to be tightly regulated. An increasing number of publications have indicated that these processes involve lysosomes. Here we review studies that reveal the expanding role of the lysosomal system as a hub for the control of Cu homeostasis and for the regulation of key Cu-dependent processes in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V Polishchuk
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli (NA), 80078, Italy.
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Biasiotto G, Di Lorenzo D, Archetti S, Zanella I. Iron and Neurodegeneration: Is Ferritinophagy the Link? Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:5542-74. [PMID: 26468157 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9473-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates that the lysosome-autophagy pathway plays a critical role in iron release from ferritin, the main iron storage cellular protein, hence in the distribution of iron to the cells. The recent identification of nuclear receptor co-activator 4 as the receptor for ferritin delivery to selective autophagy sheds further light on the understanding of the mechanisms underlying this pathway. The emerging view is that iron release from ferritin through the lysosomes is a general mechanism in normal and tumour cells of different tissue origins, but it has not yet been investigated in brain cells. Defects in the lysosome-autophagy pathway are often involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, and brain iron homeostasis disruption is a hallmark of many of these diseases. However, in most cases, it has not been established whether iron dysregulation is directly involved in the pathogenesis of the diseases or if it is a secondary effect derived from other pathogenic mechanisms. The recent evidence of the crucial involvement of autophagy in cellular iron handling offers new perspectives about the role of iron in neurodegeneration, suggesting that autophagy dysregulation could cause iron dyshomeostasis. In this review, we recapitulate our current knowledge on the routes through which iron is released from ferritin, focusing on the most recent advances. We summarise the current evidence concerning lysosome-autophagy pathway dysfunctions and those of iron metabolism and discuss their potential interconnections in several neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; and frontotemporal lobar dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Biasiotto
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Diagnostics, Civic Hospital of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Diego Di Lorenzo
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Diagnostics, Civic Hospital of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvana Archetti
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Diagnostics, Civic Hospital of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Isabella Zanella
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Diagnostics, Civic Hospital of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
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Pfaender S, Grabrucker AM. Characterization of biometal profiles in neurological disorders. Metallomics 2014; 6:960-77. [DOI: 10.1039/c4mt00008k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the findings on dysregulation of metal ions in neurological diseases and tries to develop and predict specific biometal profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas M. Grabrucker
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology
- Ulm University
- Ulm, Germany
- WG Molecular Analysis of Synaptopathies
- Neurology Dept
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