1
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Tsidulko AY, Shevelev OB, Khotskina AS, Kolpakova MA, Suhovskih AV, Kazanskaya GM, Volkov AM, Aidagulova SV, Zavyalov EL, Grigorieva EV. Chemotherapy-Induced Degradation of Glycosylated Components of the Brain Extracellular Matrix Promotes Glioblastoma Relapse Development in an Animal Model. Front Oncol 2021; 11:713139. [PMID: 34350124 PMCID: PMC8327169 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.713139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Adjuvant chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ) is an intrinsic part of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) therapy targeted to eliminate residual GBM cells. Despite the intensive treatment, a GBM relapse develops in the majority of cases resulting in poor outcome of the disease. Here, we investigated off-target negative effects of the systemic chemotherapy on glycosylated components of the brain extracellular matrix (ECM) and their functional significance. Using an elaborated GBM relapse animal model, we demonstrated that healthy brain tissue resists GBM cell proliferation and invasion, thereby restricting tumor development. TMZ-induced [especially in combination with dexamethasone (DXM)] changes in composition and content of brain ECM proteoglycans (PGs) resulted in the accelerated adhesion, proliferation, and invasion of GBM cells into brain organotypic slices ex vivo and more active growth and invasion of experimental xenograft GBM tumors in SCID mouse brain in vivo. These changes occurred both at core proteins and polysaccharide chain levels, and degradation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) was identified as a key event responsible for the observed functional effects. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that chemotherapy-induced changes in glycosylated components of brain ECM can impact the fate of residual GBM cells and GBM relapse development. ECM-targeted supportive therapy might be a useful strategy to mitigate the negative off-target effects of the adjuvant GBM treatment and increase the relapse-free survival of GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Y Tsidulko
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oleg B Shevelev
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anna S Khotskina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Mariia A Kolpakova
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anastasia V Suhovskih
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia.,V. Zelman Institute for Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Galina M Kazanskaya
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander M Volkov
- Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana V Aidagulova
- Novosibirsk State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgenii L Zavyalov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elvira V Grigorieva
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia.,V. Zelman Institute for Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
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2
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Shahzad U, Taccone MS, Kumar SA, Okura H, Krumholtz S, Ishida J, Mine C, Gouveia K, Edgar J, Smith C, Hayes M, Huang X, Derry WB, Taylor MD, Rutka JT. Modeling human brain tumors in flies, worms, and zebrafish: From proof of principle to novel therapeutic targets. Neuro Oncol 2021; 23:718-731. [PMID: 33378446 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, cell biologists and cancer researchers have taken advantage of non-murine species to increase our understanding of the molecular processes that drive normal cell and tissue development, and when perturbed, cause cancer. The advent of whole-genome sequencing has revealed the high genetic homology of these organisms to humans. Seminal studies in non-murine organisms such as Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans, and Danio rerio identified many of the signaling pathways involved in cancer. Studies in these organisms offer distinct advantages over mammalian cell or murine systems. Compared to murine models, these three species have shorter lifespans, are less resource intense, and are amenable to high-throughput drug and RNA interference screening to test a myriad of promising drugs against novel targets. In this review, we introduce species-specific breeding strategies, highlight the advantages of modeling brain tumors in each non-mammalian species, and underscore the successes attributed to scientific investigation using these models. We conclude with an optimistic proposal that discoveries in the fields of cancer research, and in particular neuro-oncology, may be expedited using these powerful screening tools and strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uswa Shahzad
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael S Taccone
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sachin A Kumar
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hidehiro Okura
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Stacey Krumholtz
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Joji Ishida
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Coco Mine
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kyle Gouveia
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Julia Edgar
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Christian Smith
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Madeline Hayes
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Xi Huang
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - W Brent Derry
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael D Taylor
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - James T Rutka
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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3
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Portela M, Mitchell T, Casas-Tintó S. Cell-to-cell communication mediates glioblastoma progression in Drosophila. Biol Open 2020; 9:bio053405. [PMID: 32878880 PMCID: PMC7541342 DOI: 10.1242/bio.053405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most aggressive and lethal tumour of the central nervous system (CNS). GB cells grow rapidly and display a network of projections, ultra-long tumour microtubes (TMs), that mediate cell to cell communication. GB-TMs infiltrate throughout the brain, enwrap neurons and facilitate the depletion of the signalling molecule wingless (Wg)/WNT from the neighbouring healthy neurons. GB cells establish a positive feedback loop including Wg signalling upregulation that activates cJun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) production, which in turn promote further TMs infiltration, GB progression and neurodegeneration. Thus, cellular and molecular signals other than primary mutations emerge as central players of GB. Using a Drosophila model of GB, we describe the temporal organisation of the main cellular events that occur in GB, including cell-to-cell interactions, neurodegeneration and TM expansion. We define the progressive activation of JNK pathway signalling in GB mediated by the receptor Grindelwald (Grnd) and activated by the ligand Eiger (Egr)/TNFα produced by surrounding healthy brain tissue. We propose that cellular interactions of GB with the healthy brain tissue precede TM expansion and conclude that non-autonomous signals facilitate GB progression. These results contribute to deciphering the complexity and versatility of these incurable tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Portela
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology Department, Instituto Cajal-CSIC, Av. del Doctor Arce, 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University, 3086 Melbourne, Australia
| | - Teresa Mitchell
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology Department, Instituto Cajal-CSIC, Av. del Doctor Arce, 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Casas-Tintó
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology Department, Instituto Cajal-CSIC, Av. del Doctor Arce, 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
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4
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Portela M, Venkataramani V, Fahey-Lozano N, Seco E, Losada-Perez M, Winkler F, Casas-Tintó S. Glioblastoma cells vampirize WNT from neurons and trigger a JNK/MMP signaling loop that enhances glioblastoma progression and neurodegeneration. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e3000545. [PMID: 31846454 PMCID: PMC6917273 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most lethal brain tumor, and Wingless (Wg)-related integration site (WNT) pathway activation in these tumors is associated with a poor prognosis. Clinically, the disease is characterized by progressive neurological deficits. However, whether these symptoms result from direct or indirect damage to neurons is still unresolved. Using Drosophila and primary xenografts as models of human GB, we describe, here, a mechanism that leads to activation of WNT signaling (Wg in Drosophila) in tumor cells. GB cells display a network of tumor microtubes (TMs) that enwrap neurons, accumulate Wg receptor Frizzled1 (Fz1), and, thereby, deplete Wg from neurons, causing neurodegeneration. We have defined this process as "vampirization." Furthermore, GB cells establish a positive feedback loop to promote their expansion, in which the Wg pathway activates cJun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in GB cells, and, in turn, JNK signaling leads to the post-transcriptional up-regulation and accumulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which facilitate TMs' infiltration throughout the brain, TMs' network expansion, and further Wg depletion from neurons. Consequently, GB cells proliferate because of the activation of the Wg signaling target, β-catenin, and neurons degenerate because of Wg signaling extinction. Our findings reveal a molecular mechanism for TM production, infiltration, and maintenance that can explain both neuron-dependent tumor progression and also the neural decay associated with GB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Varun Venkataramani
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Frank Winkler
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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5
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Pudelko L, Edwards S, Balan M, Nyqvist D, Al-Saadi J, Dittmer J, Almlöf I, Helleday T, Bräutigam L. An orthotopic glioblastoma animal model suitable for high-throughput screenings. Neuro Oncol 2019; 20:1475-1484. [PMID: 29750281 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive form of brain cancer with poor prognosis. Although murine animal models have given valuable insights into the GBM disease biology, they cannot be used in high-throughput screens to identify and profile novel therapies. The only vertebrate model suitable for large-scale screens, the zebrafish, has proven to faithfully recapitulate biology and pathology of human malignancies, and clinically relevant orthotopic zebrafish models have been developed. However, currently available GBM orthotopic zebrafish models do not support high-throughput drug discovery screens. Methods We transplanted both GBM cell lines as well as patient-derived material into zebrafish blastulas. We followed the behavior of the transplants with time-lapse microscopy and real-time in vivo light-sheet microscopy. Results We found that GBM material transplanted into zebrafish blastomeres robustly migrated into the developing nervous system, establishing an orthotopic intracranial tumor already 24 hours after transplantation. Detailed analysis revealed that our model faithfully recapitulates the human disease. Conclusion We have developed a robust, fast, and automatable transplantation assay to establish orthotopic GBM tumors in zebrafish. In contrast to currently available orthotopic zebrafish models, our approach does not require technically challenging intracranial transplantation of single embryos. Our improved zebrafish model enables transplantation of thousands of embryos per hour, thus providing an orthotopic vertebrate GBM model for direct application in drug discovery screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Pudelko
- Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Steven Edwards
- Department of Applied Physics, Science for Life Laboratory, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mirela Balan
- Division of Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Nyqvist
- Division of Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonathan Al-Saadi
- Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johannes Dittmer
- Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Almlöf
- Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Helleday
- Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Bräutigam
- Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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6
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Biau J, Chautard E, Berthault N, de Koning L, Court F, Pereira B, Verrelle P, Dutreix M. Combining the DNA Repair Inhibitor Dbait With Radiotherapy for the Treatment of High Grade Glioma: Efficacy and Protein Biomarkers of Resistance in Preclinical Models. Front Oncol 2019; 9:549. [PMID: 31275862 PMCID: PMC6593092 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
High grade glioma relapses occur often within the irradiated volume mostly due to a high resistance to radiation therapy (RT). Dbait (which stands for DNA strand break bait) molecules mimic DSBs and trap DNA repair proteins, thereby inhibiting repair of DNA damage induced by RT. Here we evaluate the potential of Dbait to sensitize high grade glioma to RT. First, we demonstrated the radiosensitizer properties of Dbait in 6/9 tested cell lines. Then, we performed animal studies using six cell derived xenograft and five patient derived xenograft models, to show the clinical potential and applicability of combined Dbait+RT treatment for human high grade glioma. Using a RPPA approach, we showed that Phospho-H2AX/H2AX and Phospho-NBS1/NBS1 were predictive of Dbait efficacy in xenograft models. Our results provide the preclinical proof of concept that combining RT with Dbait inhibition of DNA repair could be of benefit to patients with high grade glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Biau
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,UMR3347, CNRS, Orsay, France.,U1021, INSERM, Orsay, France.,Research Department, Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France.,INSERM, U1240 IMoST, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Ferrand, France.,Radiotherapy Department, Centre Jean Perrin, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Emmanuel Chautard
- INSERM, U1240 IMoST, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Ferrand, France.,Pathology Department, Centre Jean Perrin, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nathalie Berthault
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,UMR3347, CNRS, Orsay, France.,U1021, INSERM, Orsay, France.,Research Department, Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Leanne de Koning
- Laboratory of Proteomic Mass Spectrometry, Centre de Recherche, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Department of Translational Research, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Frank Court
- GReD Laboratory, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Biostatistics Department, DRCI, Clermont-Ferrand Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pierre Verrelle
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Radiotherapy Department, Centre Jean Perrin, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,U1196, INSERM, UMR9187, CNRS, Orsay, France.,Radiotherapy Department, Institut Curie Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Marie Dutreix
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,UMR3347, CNRS, Orsay, France.,U1021, INSERM, Orsay, France.,Research Department, Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
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7
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Yu Y, Li S, Wang K, Wan X. A PDZ Protein MDA-9/Syntenin: As a Target for Cancer Therapy. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2019; 17:136-141. [PMID: 30766662 PMCID: PMC6360254 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma differentiation-associated gene 9 (MDA-9)/Syntenin is a multidomain PDZ protein and identified as a key oncogene in melanoma initially. This protein contains a unique tandem PDZ domain architecture (PDZ1 and PDZ2 spaced by a 4-amino acid linker), an N-terminal domain (NTD) that is structurally uncharacterized and a short C-terminal domain (CTD). The PDZ1 domain is regarded as the PDZ signaling domain while PDZ2 served as the PDZ superfamily domain. It has various cellular roles by regulating many of major signaling pathways in numerous cancertypes. Through the use of novel drug design methods, such as dimerization and unnatural amino acid substitution of inhibitors in our group, the protein may provide a valuable therapeutic target. The objective of this review is to provide a current perspective on the cancer-specific role of MDA-9/Syntenin in order to explore its potential for cancer drug discovery and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Yu
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Shuangdi Li
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Kai Wang
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Wan
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
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8
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Portela M, Segura-Collar B, Argudo I, Sáiz A, Gargini R, Sánchez-Gómez P, Casas-Tintó S. Oncogenic dependence of glioma cells on kish/TMEM167A regulation of vesicular trafficking. Glia 2018; 67:404-417. [PMID: 30506943 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Genetic lesions in glioblastoma (GB) include constitutive activation of PI3K and EGFR pathways to drive cellular proliferation and tumor malignancy. An RNAi genetic screen, performed in Drosophila melanogaster to discover new modulators of GB development, identified a member of the secretory pathway: kish/TMEM167A. Downregulation of kish/TMEM167A impaired fly and human glioma formation and growth, with no effect on normal glia. Glioma cells increased the number of recycling endosomes, and reduced the number of lysosomes. In addition, EGFR vesicular localization was primed toward recycling in glioma cells. kish/TMEM167A downregulation in gliomas restored endosomal system to a physiological state and altered lysosomal function, fueling EGFR toward degradation by the proteasome. These endosomal effects mirrored the endo/lysosomal response of glioma cells to Brefeldin A (BFA), but not the Golgi disruption and the ER collapse, which are associated with the undesirable toxicity of BFA in other cancers. Our results suggest that glioma growth depends on modifications of the vesicle transport system, reliant on kish/TMEM167A. Noncanonical genes in GB could be a key for future therapeutic strategies targeting EGFR-dependent gliomas.
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9
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Chi KC, Tsai WC, Wu CL, Lin TY, Hueng DY. An Adult Drosophila Glioma Model for Studying Pathometabolic Pathways of Gliomagenesis. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:4589-4599. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1392-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Talukdar S, Das SK, Pradhan AK, Emdad L, Shen XN, Windle JJ, Sarkar D, Fisher PB. Novel function of MDA-9/Syntenin (SDCBP) as a regulator of survival and stemness in glioma stem cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:54102-54119. [PMID: 27472461 PMCID: PMC5342330 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive cancer with current therapies only marginally impacting on patient survival. Glioma stem cells (GSCs), a subpopulation of highly tumorigenic cells, are considered major contributors to glioma progression and play seminal roles in therapy resistance, immune evasion and increased invasion. Despite clinical relevance, effective/selective therapeutic targeting strategies for GSCs do not exist, potentially due to the lack of a definitive understanding of key regulators of GSCs. Consequently, there is a pressing need to identify therapeutic targets and novel options to effectively target this therapy-resistant cell population. The precise roles of GSCs in governing GBM development, progression and prognosis are under intense scrutiny, but key upstream regulatory genes remain speculative. MDA-9/Syntenin (SDCBP), a scaffold protein, regulates tumor pathogenesis in multiple cancers. Highly aggressive cancers like GBM express elevated levels of MDA-9 and contain increased populations of GSCs. We now uncover a unique function of MDA-9 as a facilitator and determinant of glioma stemness and survival. Mechanistically, MDA-9 regulates multiple stemness genes (Nanog, Oct4 and Sox2) through activation of STAT3. MDA-9 controls survival of GSCs by activating the NOTCH1 pathway through phospho-Src and DLL1. Once activated, cleaved NOTCH1 regulates C-Myc expression through RBPJK, thereby facilitating GSC growth and proliferation. Knockdown of MDA-9 affects the NOTCH1/C-Myc and p-STAT3/Nanog pathways causing a loss of stemness and initiation of apoptosis in GSCs. Our data uncover a previously unidentified relationship between MDA-9 and GSCs, reinforcing relevance of this gene as a potential therapeutic target in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmistha Talukdar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Swadesh K Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Anjan K Pradhan
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Luni Emdad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Xue-Ning Shen
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jolene J Windle
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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11
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Resende FFB, Titze-de-Almeida SS, Titze-de-Almeida R. Function of neuronal nitric oxide synthase enzyme in temozolomide-induced damage of astrocytic tumor cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:4891-4899. [PMID: 29552127 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytic tumors, including astrocytomas and glioblastomas, are the most common type of primary brain tumors. Treatment for glioblastomas includes radiotherapy, chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ) and surgical ablation. Despite certain therapeutic advances, the survival time of patients is no longer than 12-14 months. Cancer cells overexpress the neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). In the present study, it was examined whether the nNOS enzyme serves a role in the damage of astrocytoma (U251MG and U138MG) and glioblastoma (U87MG) cells caused by TMZ. First, TMZ (250 µM) triggered an increase in oxidative stress at 2, 48 and 72 h in the U87MG, U251MG and U138MG cell lines, as revealed by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin-diacetate assay. The drug also reduced cell viability, as measured by MTT assay. U87MG cells presented a more linear decline in cell viability at time-points 2, 48 and 72 h, compared with the U251MG and U138MG cell lines. The peak of oxidative stress occurred at 48 h. To examine the role of NOS enzymes in the cell damage caused by TMZ, N(ω)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and 7-nitroindazole (7-NI) were used. L-NAME increased the cell damage caused by TMZ while reducing the oxidative stress at 48 h. The preferential nNOS inhibitor 7-NI also improved the TMZ effects. It caused a 12.8% decrease in the viability of TMZ-injured cells. Indeed, 7-NI was more effective than L-NAME in restraining the increase in oxidative stress triggered by TMZ. Silencing nNOS with a synthetic small interfering (si)RNA (siRNAnNOShum_4400) increased by 20% the effects of 250 µM of TMZ on cell viability (P<0.05). Hoechst 33342 nuclear staining confirmed that nNOS knock-down enhanced TMZ injury. In conclusion, our data reveal that nNOS enzymes serve a role in the damage produced by TMZ on astrocytoma and glioblastoma cells. RNA interference with nNOS merits further studies in animal models to disclose its potential use in brain tumor anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Francisco Borges Resende
- Technology for Gene Therapy Laboratory, Central Institute of Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Simoneide Souza Titze-de-Almeida
- Technology for Gene Therapy Laboratory, Central Institute of Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Titze-de-Almeida
- Technology for Gene Therapy Laboratory, Central Institute of Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
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Li Y, Wu Y, Sun Z, Wang R, Ma D. MicroRNA‑376a inhibits cell proliferation and invasion in glioblastoma multiforme by directly targeting specificity protein 1. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:1583-1590. [PMID: 29257212 PMCID: PMC5780098 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a World Health Organization grade IV glioma, is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in humans. microRNAs (miRNAs) are aberrantly expressed in numerous cancer types, including GBM. Abnormally expressed miRNAs are commonly associated with malignant characteristics of GBM, including malignant growth, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis and resistance to chemotherapy. miRNA (miR)‑376a is abnormally expressed in multiple human cancers; however, the expression pattern and role of miR‑376a in GBM, and the underlying molecular mechanisms by which miR‑376a exerts its functions remain to be elucidated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to measure miR‑376a expression and determine its biological roles in GBM as well as its associated molecular mechanism. In the present study, miR‑376a expression was markedly downregulated in GBM tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of miR‑376a markedly decreased the proliferation and invasion of GBM cells in vitro. In the present study, specificity protein 1 (SP1) was demonstrated to be a direct target of miR‑376a. In addition, a negative association between SP1 mRNA and miR‑376a expression was observed in GBM tissues. SP1 upregulation reduced the effects of miR‑376a overexpression on GBM cell proliferation and invasion. miR‑376a may be a therapeutic target for the treatment of patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefeng Li
- Department of Oncology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Yunxia Wu
- Department of Neurology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Sun
- Central Laboratory, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Ruiyu Wang
- Department of Oncology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Deliang Ma
- Department of Oncology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
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Glioblastoma and glioblastoma stem cells are dependent on functional MTH1. Oncotarget 2017; 8:84671-84684. [PMID: 29156675 PMCID: PMC5689565 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive form of brain cancer with poor prognosis. Cancer cells are characterized by a specific redox environment that adjusts metabolism to its specific needs and allows the tumor to grow and metastasize. As a consequence, cancer cells and especially GBM cells suffer from elevated oxidative pressure which requires antioxidant-defense and other sanitation enzymes to be upregulated. MTH1, which degrades oxidized nucleotides, is one of these defense enzymes and represents a promising cancer target. We found MTH1 expression levels elevated and correlated with GBM aggressiveness and discovered that siRNA knock-down or inhibition of MTH1 with small molecules efficiently reduced viability of patient-derived GBM cultures. The effect of MTH1 loss on GBM viability was likely mediated through incorporation of oxidized nucleotides and subsequent DNA damage. We revealed that MTH1 inhibition targets GBM independent of aggressiveness as well as potently kills putative GBM stem cells in vitro. We used an orthotopic zebrafish model to confirm our results in vivo and light-sheet microscopy to follow the effect of MTH1 inhibition in GBM in real time. In conclusion, MTH1 represents a promising target for GBM therapy and MTH1 inhibitors may also be effective in patients that suffer from recurring disease.
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14
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Wan Y, Fei X, Wang Z, Jiang D, Chen H, Wang M, Zhou S. Retracted - miR-423-5p knockdown enhances the sensitivity of glioma stem cells to apigenin through the mitochondrial pathway. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317695526. [PMID: 28381178 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317695526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xifeng Fei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhimin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Dongyi Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hanchun Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Mian Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shijun Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, P.R. China
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15
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Inhibition of radiation-induced glioblastoma invasion by genetic and pharmacological targeting of MDA-9/Syntenin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 114:370-375. [PMID: 28011764 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1616100114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an intractable tumor despite therapeutic advances, principally because of its invasive properties. Radiation is a staple in therapeutic regimens, although cells surviving radiation can become more aggressive and invasive. Subtraction hybridization identified melanoma differentiation-associated gene 9 [MDA-9/Syntenin; syndecan-binding protein (SDCBP)] as a differentially regulated gene associated with aggressive cancer phenotypes in melanoma. MDA-9/Syntenin, a highly conserved double-PDZ domain-containing scaffolding protein, is robustly expressed in human-derived GBM cell lines and patient samples, with expression increasing with tumor grade and correlating with shorter survival times and poorer response to radiotherapy. Knockdown of MDA-9/Syntenin sensitizes GBM cells to radiation, reducing postradiation invasion gains. Radiation induces Src and EGFRvIII signaling, which is abrogated through MDA-9/Syntenin down-regulation. A specific inhibitor of MDA-9/Syntenin activity, PDZ1i (113B7), identified through NMR-guided fragment-based drug design, inhibited MDA-9/Syntenin binding to EGFRvIII, which increased following radiation. Both genetic (shmda-9) and pharmacological (PDZ1i) targeting of MDA-9/Syntenin reduced invasion gains in GBM cells following radiation. Although not affecting normal astrocyte survival when combined with radiation, PDZ1i radiosensitized GBM cells. PDZ1i inhibited crucial GBM signaling involving FAK and mutant EGFR, EGFRvIII, and abrogated gains in secreted proteases, MMP-2 and MMP-9, following radiation. In an in vivo glioma model, PDZ1i resulted in smaller, less invasive tumors and enhanced survival. When combined with radiation, survival gains exceeded radiotherapy alone. MDA-9/Syntenin (SDCBP) provides a direct target for therapy of aggressive cancers such as GBM, and defined small-molecule inhibitors such as PDZ1i hold promise to advance targeted brain cancer therapy.
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Cell of origin of glioma: biological and clinical implications. Br J Cancer 2016; 115:1445-1450. [PMID: 27832665 PMCID: PMC5155355 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular origin of gliomas remains a topic of controversy in cancer research. Advances in neurobiology, molecular genetics, and functional genomics have ushered new insights through exploiting the development of more sophisticated tools to address this question. Diverse distinct cell populations in the adult brain have been reported to give rise to gliomas, although how these studies relate physiologically to mechanisms of spontaneous tumour formation via accumulation of tumour-initiating mutations within a single cell are less well developed. Recent studies in animal models indicate that the lineage of the tumour-initiating cell may contribute to the biological and genomic phenotype of glioblastoma. These results suggest that the cell of origin may not only serve as a source of diversity for these tumours, but may also provide new avenues for improved diagnostics and therapeutic targeting that may prolong the lives of patients.
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Oliveira MM, Araujo AB, Nicolato A, Prosdocimi A, Godinho JV, Valle ALM, Santos M, Reis AB, Ferreira MT, Sabbagh A, Gusmao S, Del Maestro R. Face, Content, and Construct Validity of Brain Tumor Microsurgery Simulation Using a Human Placenta Model. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2015; 12:61-67. [DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000001030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Brain tumors are complex 3-dimensional lesions. Their resection involves training and the use of the multiple microsurgical techniques available for removal. Simulation models, with haptic and visual realism, may be useful for improving the bimanual technical skills of neurosurgical residents and neurosurgeons, potentially decreasing surgical errors and thus improving patient outcomes.
OBJECTIVE
To describe and assess an ex vivo placental model for brain tumor microsurgery using a simulation tool in neurosurgical psychomotor teaching and assessment.
METHODS
Sixteen human placentas were used in this research project. Intravascular blood remnants were removed by continuous saline solution irrigation of the 2 placental arteries and placental vein. Brain tumors were simulated using silicone injections in the placental stroma. Eight neurosurgeons and 8 neurosurgical residents carried out the resection of simulated tumors using the same surgical instruments and bimanual microsurgical techniques used to perform human brain tumor operations. Face and content validity was assessed using a subjective evaluation based on a 5-point Likert scale. Construct validity was assessed by analyzing the surgical performance of the neurosurgeon and resident groups.
RESULTS
The placenta model simulated brain tumor surgical procedures with high fidelity. Results showed face and content validity. Construct validity was demonstrated by statistically different surgical performances among the evaluated groups.
CONCLUSION
Human placentas are useful haptic models to simulate brain tumor microsurgical removal. Results using this model demonstrate face, content, and construct validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Magaldi Oliveira
- Microsurgical Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Neurosurgical Simulation Research and Training Centre, Department of Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Surgical Skills Centre, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Audrey Beatriz Araujo
- Microsurgical Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Arthur Nicolato
- Microsurgical Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Andre Prosdocimi
- Microsurgical Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Joao Victor Godinho
- Microsurgical Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Martins Valle
- Microsurgical Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcilea Santos
- Microsurgical Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Augusto Barbosa Reis
- Microsurgical Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mauro Tostes Ferreira
- Microsurgical Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Abulrahman Sabbagh
- Neurosurgical Simulation Research and Training Centre, Department of Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- National Neuroscience Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sebastiao Gusmao
- Microsurgical Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rolando Del Maestro
- Neurosurgical Simulation Research and Training Centre, Department of Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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