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Kumar R, Kolloli A, Singh P, Shi L, Kupz A, Subbian S. The innate memory response of macrophages to Mycobacterium tuberculosis is shaped by the nature of the antigenic stimuli. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0047324. [PMID: 38980014 PMCID: PMC11302266 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00473-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Innate immune cells, such as macrophages, mount an immune response upon exposure to antigens and pathogens. Emerging evidence shows that macrophages exposed to an antigen can generate a "memory-like" response (a.k.a. trained immunity), which confers a non-specific and enhanced response upon subsequent stimulation with a second antigen/microbe. This trained immunity has been implicated in the enhanced response of macrophages against several invading pathogens. However, the association between the nature of the antigen and the corresponding immune correlate of elicited trained immunity is not fully understood. Similarly, the response of macrophages trained and restimulated with homologous stimulants to subsequent infection by pathogenic Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) remains unexplored. Here, we report the immune and metabolic profiles of trained immunity in human THP-1-derived macrophages after homologous training and restimulation with BCG, LPS, purified protein Derivative (PPD), heat-killed Mtb strains HN878 (hk-HN), and CDC1551 (hk-CDC). Furthermore, the impact of training on the autophagic and antimicrobial responses of macrophages with or without subsequent infection by clinical Mtb isolates HN878 and CDC1551 was evaluated. Results show that repeated stimulation of macrophages with different antigens displays distinct pro-inflammatory, metabolic, antimicrobial, and autophagy induction profiles. These macrophages also induce a differential antimicrobial response upon infection with clinical Mtb HN878 and CDC1551 isolates. A significantly reduced intracellular bacterial load was noted in the stimulated macrophages, which was augmented by the addition of rapamycin, an autophagy inducer. These observations suggest that the nature of the antigen and the mode of stimulation shape the magnitude and breadth of macrophage innate memory response, which impacts subsequent response to Mtb infection. IMPORTANCE Trained immunity (a.k.a. innate memory response) is a novel concept that has been rapidly emerging as a mechanism underpinning the non-specific immunity of innate immune cells, such as macrophages. However, the association between the nature of the stimuli and the corresponding immune correlate of trained immunity is not fully understood. Similarly, the kinetics of immunological and metabolic characteristics of macrophages upon "training" by the same antigen as primary and secondary stimuli (homologous stimulation) are not fully characterized. Furthermore, the ability of antigens such as purified protein derivative (PPD) and heat-killed-Mtb to induce trained immunity remains unknown. Similarly, the response of macrophages primed and trained by homologous stimulants to subsequent infection by pathogenic Mtb is yet to be reported. In this study, we evaluated the hypothesis that the nature of the stimuli impacts the depth and breadth of trained immunity in macrophages, which differentially affects their response to Mtb infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjeet Kumar
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Afsal Kolloli
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Pooja Singh
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Lanbo Shi
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Andreas Kupz
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine (AITHM), James Cook University, Cairns & Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Selvakumar Subbian
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
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2
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Claude-Taupin A, Isnard P, Bagattin A, Kuperwasser N, Roccio F, Ruscica B, Goudin N, Garfa-Traoré M, Regnier A, Turinsky L, Burtin M, Foretz M, Pontoglio M, Morel E, Viollet B, Terzi F, Codogno P, Dupont N. The AMPK-Sirtuin 1-YAP axis is regulated by fluid flow intensity and controls autophagy flux in kidney epithelial cells. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8056. [PMID: 38052799 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43775-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Shear stress generated by urinary fluid flow is an important regulator of renal function. Its dysregulation is observed in various chronic and acute kidney diseases. Previously, we demonstrated that primary cilium-dependent autophagy allows kidney epithelial cells to adapt their metabolism in response to fluid flow. Here, we show that nuclear YAP/TAZ negatively regulates autophagy flux in kidney epithelial cells subjected to fluid flow. This crosstalk is supported by a primary cilium-dependent activation of AMPK and SIRT1, independently of the Hippo pathway. We confirm the relevance of the YAP/TAZ-autophagy molecular dialog in vivo using a zebrafish model of kidney development and a unilateral ureteral obstruction mouse model. In addition, an in vitro assay simulating pathological accelerated flow observed at early stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) activates YAP, leading to a primary cilium-dependent inhibition of autophagic flux. We confirm this YAP/autophagy relationship in renal biopsies from patients suffering from diabetic kidney disease (DKD), the leading cause of CKD. Our findings demonstrate the importance of YAP/TAZ and autophagy in the translation of fluid flow into cellular and physiological responses. Dysregulation of this pathway is associated with the early onset of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Claude-Taupin
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France.
| | - Pierre Isnard
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Alessia Bagattin
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France
| | | | - Federica Roccio
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Biagina Ruscica
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Goudin
- Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker, US24-UMS3633, Paris, France
| | | | - Alice Regnier
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Lisa Turinsky
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Martine Burtin
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Marc Foretz
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016 - CNRS UMR8104 - Université Paris Cité, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Marco Pontoglio
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Etienne Morel
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Viollet
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016 - CNRS UMR8104 - Université Paris Cité, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Fabiola Terzi
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Patrice Codogno
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Dupont
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France.
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3
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Effect of Thyroxine on the Structural and Dynamic Features of Cardiac Mitochondria and Mitophagy in Rats. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030396. [PMID: 36766738 PMCID: PMC9913912 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This work investigated the effect of thyroxine on the biogenesis and quality control system in rat heart mitochondria. In hyperthyroid rats, the concentrations of free triiodothyronine and thyroxine increased severalfold, indicating the development of hyperthyroidism in these animals. The electron microscopy showed 58% of cardiac mitochondria to be in a swollen state. Some organelles were damaged and had a reduced number of cristae. Multilamellar bodies formed from cristae/membranes were found in the vacuolated part of the mitochondria. The hyperthyroidism caused no changes to mitochondrial biogenesis in the investigated animals. At the same time, the levels of mitochondrial dynamics proteins OPA1 and Drp1 increased in the hyperthyroid rats. The administration of thyroxine to the animals led to a decrease in the amount of PINK1 and Parkin in heart tissue. The data suggest that excess thyroid hormones lead to changes in mitochondrial dynamics and impair Parkin-dependent mitophagy in hyperthyroid rat heart.
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4
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Venediktova N, Solomadin I, Starinets V, Mironova G. Structural and Dynamic Features of Liver Mitochondria and Mitophagy in Rats with Hyperthyroidism. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214327. [PMID: 36430802 PMCID: PMC9695125 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This work investigated the effect of thyroxine on the biogenesis and quality control system of rat liver mitochondria. Chronic administration of thyroxine to experimental animals induced hyperthyroidism, which was confirmed by a severalfold increase in serum-free triiodothyronine and thyroxine concentrations. The uptake of oxygen was found to increase with a decrease in ADP phosphorylation efficiency and respiratory state ratio. Electron microscopy showed 36% of liver mitochondria to be swollen and approximately 18% to have a lysed matrix with a reduced number of cristae. Frequently encountered multilamellar bodies associated with defective mitochondria were located either at the edge of or inside the organelle. The number, area and perimeter of hyperthyroid rat mitochondria increased. Administration of thyroxine increased mitochondrial biogenesis and the quantity of mitochondrial DNA in liver tissue. Mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy changed significantly. The data obtained indicate that excess thyroid hormones cause a disturbance of the mitochondrial quality control system and ultimately to the incorporation of potentially toxic material in the mitochondrial pool.
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5
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Cancer-Related Intracellular Signalling Pathways Activated by DOXorubicin/Cyclodextrin-Graphene-Based Nanomaterials. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12010063. [PMID: 35053211 PMCID: PMC8773469 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, nanotechnological progress has generated new opportunities to improve the safety and efficacy of conventional anticancer therapies. Compared with other carriers, graphene nanoplatforms possess numerous tunable functionalities for the loading of multiple bioactive compounds, although their biocompatibility is still a debated concern. Recently, we have investigated the modulation of genes involved in cancer-associated canonical pathways induced by graphene engineered with cyclodextrins (GCD). Here, we investigated the GCD impact on cells safety, the HEp-2 responsiveness to Doxorubicin (DOX) and the cancer-related intracellular signalling pathways modulated by over time exposure to DOX loaded on GCD (GCD@DOX). Our studies evidenced that both DOX and GCD@DOX induced p53 and p21 signalling resulting in G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. A genotoxic behaviour of DOX was reported via detection of CDK (T14/Y15) activation and reduction of Wee-1 expression. Similarly, we found a cleavage of PARP by DOX within 72 h of exposure. Conversely, GCD@DOX induced a late cleavage of PARP, which could be indicative of less toxic effect due to controlled release of the drug from the GCD nanocarrier. Finally, the induction of the autophagy process supports the potential recycling of DOX with the consequent limitation of its toxic effects. Together, these findings demonstrate that GCD@DOX is a biocompatible drug delivery system able to evade chemoresistance and doxorubicin toxicity.
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6
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Masclaux-Daubresse C, d’Andrea S, Bouchez I, Cacas JL. Reserve lipids and plant autophagy. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:2854-2861. [PMID: 32080724 PMCID: PMC7260719 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a universal mechanism that facilitates the degradation of unwanted cytoplasmic components in eukaryotic cells. In this review, we highlight recent developments in the investigation of the role of autophagy in lipid homeostasis in plants by comparison with algae, yeast, and animals. We consider the storage compartments that form the sources of lipids in plants, and the roles that autophagy plays in the synthesis of triacylglycerols and in the formation and maintenance of lipid droplets. We also consider the relationship between lipids and the biogenesis of autophagosomes, and the role of autophagy in the degradation of lipids in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabine d’Andrea
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, France
| | - Isabelle Bouchez
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, France
| | - Jean-Luc Cacas
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, France
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7
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Role of autophagy in regulation of cancer cell death/apoptosis during anti-cancer therapy: focus on autophagy flux blockade. Arch Pharm Res 2020; 43:475-488. [PMID: 32458284 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-020-01239-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a self-degradation process in which the cytoplasmic cargoes are delivered to the lysosomes for degradation. As the cargoes are degraded/recycled, the autophagy process maintains the cellular homeostasis. Anti-cancer therapies induce apoptosis and autophagy concomitantly, and the induced autophagy normally prevents stress responses that are being induced. In such cases, the inhibition of autophagy can be a reasonable strategy to enhance the efficacy of anti-cancer therapies. However, recent studies have shown that autophagy induced by anti-cancer drugs causes cell death/apoptosis induction, indicating a controversial role of autophagy in cancer cell survival or death/apoptosis. Therefore, in the present review, we aimed to assess the signaling mechanisms involved in autophagy and cell death/apoptosis induction during anti-cancer therapies. This review summarizes the process of autophagy, autophagy flux and its blockade, and measurement and interpretation of autophagy flux. Further, it describes the signaling pathways involved in the blockade of autophagy flux and the role of signaling molecules accumulated by autophagy blockade in cell death/apoptosis in various cancer cells during anti-cancer therapies. Altogether, it implies that factors such as types of cancer, drug therapies, and characteristics of autophagy should be evaluated before targeting autophagy for cancer treatment.
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8
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Tumor-treating fields (TTFields) induce immunogenic cell death resulting in enhanced antitumor efficacy when combined with anti-PD-1 therapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 69:1191-1204. [PMID: 32144446 PMCID: PMC7303058 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02534-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-treating fields (TTFields) are alternating electric fields in a specific frequency range (100–300 kHz) delivered to the human body through transducer arrays. In this study, we evaluated whether TTFields-mediated cell death can elicit antitumoral immunity and hence would be effectively combined with anti-PD-1 therapy. We demonstrate that in TTFields-treated cancer cells, damage-associated molecular patterns including high-mobility group B1 and adenosine triphosphate are released and calreticulin is exposed on the cell surface. Moreover, we show that TTFields treatment promotes the engulfment of cancer cells by dendritic cells (DCs) and DCs maturation in vitro, as well as recruitment of immune cells in vivo. Additionally, our study demonstrates that the combination of TTFields with anti-PD-1 therapy results in a significant decline of tumor volume and increase in the percentage of tumor-infiltrating leukocytes in two tumor models. In orthotopic lung tumors, these infiltrating leukocytes, specifically macrophages and DCs, showed elevated expression of PD-L1. Compatibly, cytotoxic T-cells isolated from these tumors demonstrated increased production of IFN-γ. In colon cancer tumors, T-cells infiltration was significantly increased following long treatment duration with TTFields plus anti-PD-1. Collectively, our results suggest that TTFields therapy can induce anticancer immune response. Furthermore, we demonstrate robust efficacy of concomitant application of TTFields and anti-PD-1 therapy. These data suggest that integrating TTFields with anti-PD-1 therapy may further enhance antitumor immunity, hence achieve better tumor control.
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9
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Qomaladewi NP, Kim MY, Cho JY. Autophagy and its regulation by ginseng components. J Ginseng Res 2019; 43:349-353. [PMID: 31308805 PMCID: PMC6606841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is the sequential process whereby cell components are degraded, which can occur due to nutrient deprivation. Its regulation has an essential role in many diseases, functioning in both cell survival and cell death. Autophagy starts when mTORC1 is inhibited, resulting in the activation of several complexes to form a cargo that fuses with a lysosome, where it undergoes degradation. In this review, we describe a plant extract that is well known in Korea, namely Korean ginseng extract; we studied how its derivatives and metabolites can regulate autophagy and thus mediate the pathogenesis of certain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mi-Yeon Kim
- School of Systems Biomedical Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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10
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Kalita-de Croft P, Straube J, Lim M, Al-Ejeh F, Lakhani SR, Saunus JM. Proteomic Analysis of the Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102524. [PMID: 31121957 PMCID: PMC6567270 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with brain-metastatic breast cancer face a bleak prognosis marked by morbidity and premature death. A deeper understanding of molecular interactions in the metastatic brain tumour microenvironment may inform the development of new therapeutic strategies. In this study, triple-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells or PBS (modelling traumatic brain injury) were stereotactically injected into the cerebral cortex of NOD/SCID mice to model metastatic colonization. Brain cells were isolated from five tumour-associated samples and five controls (pooled uninvolved and injured tissue) by immunoaffinity chromatography, and proteomic profiles were compared using the Sequential Window Acquisition of All Theoretical Mass Spectra (SWATH-MS) discovery platform. Ontology and cell type biomarker enrichment analysis of the 125 differentially abundant proteins (p < 0.05) showed the changes largely represent cellular components involved in metabolic reprogramming and cell migration (min q = 4.59 × 10-5), with high-throughput PubMed text mining indicating they have been most frequently studied in the contexts of mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and autophagy. Analysis of mouse brain cell type-specific biomarkers suggested the changes were paralleled by increased proportions of microglia, mural cells and interneurons. Finally, we orthogonally validated three of the proteins in an independent xenograft cohort, and investigated their expression in craniotomy specimens from triple-negative metastatic breast cancer patients, using a combination of standard and fluorescent multiplex immunohistochemistry. This included 3-Hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA Hydrolase (HIBCH), which is integral for gluconeogenic valine catabolism in the brain, and was strongly induced in both graft-associated brain tissue (13.5-fold by SWATH-MS; p = 7.2 × 10-4), and areas of tumour-associated, reactive gliosis in human clinical samples. HIBCH was also induced in the tumour compartment, with expression frequently localized to margins and haemorrhagic areas. These observations raise the possibility that catabolism of valine is an effective adaptation in metastatic cells able to access it, and that intermediates or products could be transferred from tumour-associated glia. Overall, our findings indicate that metabolic reprogramming dominates the proteomic landscape of graft-associated brain tissue in the intracranial MDA-MB-231 xenograft model. Brain-derived metabolic provisions could represent an exploitable dependency in breast cancer brain metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyakshi Kalita-de Croft
- Faculty of Medicine, the University of Queensland, Centre for Clinical Research, Herston 4029, QLD, Australia.
| | - Jasmin Straube
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia.
| | - Malcolm Lim
- Faculty of Medicine, the University of Queensland, Centre for Clinical Research, Herston 4029, QLD, Australia.
| | - Fares Al-Ejeh
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, QLD, Australia.
| | - Sunil R Lakhani
- Faculty of Medicine, the University of Queensland, Centre for Clinical Research, Herston 4029, QLD, Australia.
- Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston 4029, QLD, Australia.
| | - Jodi M Saunus
- Faculty of Medicine, the University of Queensland, Centre for Clinical Research, Herston 4029, QLD, Australia.
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11
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Yu Z, Yu Z, Chen Z, Yang L, Ma M, Lu S, Wang C, Teng C, Nie Y. Zinc chelator TPEN induces pancreatic cancer cell death through causing oxidative stress and inhibiting cell autophagy. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:20648-20661. [PMID: 31054150 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The essential trace element zinc (Zn) is widely required in cellular functions, and abnormal Zn homeostasis causes a variety of health problems including immunodeficiency and sensory dysfunctions. Previous studies had shown that Zn availability was also important for tumor growth and progression. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential mechanisms of N,N,N,N-Tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)-ethylenediamine (TPEN) (a membrane permeable zinc chelator) induced pancreatic cancer cell death. The text of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) showed in human pancreatic cancer samples that the zinc content in cancer was higher than that in adjacent tissues. The pancreatic cancer cell lines Panc-1, 8988T, BxPc-3, and L3.6 were used in this study. Our results indicated that TPEN markedly induced cell death, via increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and restraining autophagy. Our data also indicated that TPEN-stimulated mitochondrial metabolism produced much ROS. Meanwhile, TPEN reduced the levels of glutathione (GSH) and triggered ROS outbreak, which were the main causes of cell death. In addition, cell autophagy was significantly depressed in Panc-1 cells treated by TPEN, which was due to the ability of disrupting lysosomal by TPEN. Thus, we thought zinc depletion by TPEN was a potential therapeutic strategy for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Ze Yu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - ZhenBao Chen
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Lin Yang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - MingJun Ma
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - ShouNan Lu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - ChunSheng Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - ChunBo Teng
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - YuZhe Nie
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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12
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Hsiao CJ, Chang CH, Ibrahim RB, Lin IH, Wang CH, Wang WJ, Tsai JW. Gli2 modulates cell cycle re-entry through autophagy-mediated regulation of the length of primary cilia. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.221218. [PMID: 30463852 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.221218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary cilium is a tiny cell protrusion known to transduce key extracellular signals, including those of the sonic hedgehog pathway, which activates Gli transcription factors for various cellular functions. To understand the significance of the Gli2 transcription factor in fibroblasts, we establish a Gli2-knockout NIH3T3 cell line by CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Surprisingly, NIH3T3 fibroblasts lacking Gli2 expression through gene knockout or RNA interference possess longer primary cilia after stimulation of ciliogenesis by serum starvation. This lengthening of primary cilia is associated with enhanced autophagy-mediated Ofd1 degradation, and can be reversed by pharmacological and genetic inhibition of autophagy. Meanwhile, flow cytometry reveals that Gli2-/- NIH3T3 fibroblasts exhibit a delay in cell cycle re-entry after serum re-stimulation. Ablation of their primary cilia through Kif3a knockdown rescues the delay in cell cycle re-entry. These results suggest that Gli2 plays an unexpected role in cell cycle re-entry through an autophagy-mediated regulation on ciliary length in fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Ju Hsiao
- Institute of Brain Science, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsiang Chang
- Institute of Brain Science, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.,Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP) in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Ridwan Babatunde Ibrahim
- Institute of Brain Science, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.,Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP) in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsuan Lin
- Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP) in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 112, Taiwan.,Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Wang
- Institute of Brain Science, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Won-Jing Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Wu Tsai
- Institute of Brain Science, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan .,Brain Research Center (BRC), and Biophotonics and Molecular Imaging Research Center (BMIRC), National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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13
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Gu X, Han M, Du Y, Wu Y, Xu Y, Zhou X, Ye D, Wang HL. Pb disrupts autophagic flux through inhibiting the formation and activity of lysosomes in neural cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 55:43-50. [PMID: 30496793 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) has long been known as a metallic toxin to exert detrimental effects on human health, particularly on the central nervous system (CNS). Misregulated autophagy was regularly associated with multiple cellular dysfunctions and human diseases. However, the role of autophagy underlying Pb-induced neurotoxicity remains to be elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated that Pb promoted the accumulation of autophagosomes in PC12 cells, and subsequent findings revealed that this autophagosome accumulation was primarily caused by the inhibition of autophagic flux. Moreover, the results showed that Pb affected autophagy course through increasing Beclin 1 and ATG5 expression levels. Specifically, by double labeling with LC3-II (a marker of autophagosome) and LAMP-1 (a marker of lysosome), Pb impaired fusion between autophagosomes and lysosomes. Additionally, Pb exposure significantly reduced the number or size of lysosomes via decreasing the level of LAMP1, which is confirmed by the LysoTracker Red staining. Furthermore, the impairment of lysosomal activity was also signaled by the altered pH value of this acidic organelle. Overall, Pb exposure led to injuries of autophagy of neural cells through inhibiting the genesis and activity of lysosomes. The data provides insight with the neurotoxicity of Pb in a novel perspective, autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Gu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China
| | - Miaomiao Han
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China
| | - Yang Du
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China
| | - Yulan Wu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China
| | - Yi Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China
| | - Xianxuan Zhou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China
| | - Danlei Ye
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China
| | - Hui-Li Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China.
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14
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Dendrogenin A drives LXR to trigger lethal autophagy in cancers. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1903. [PMID: 29199269 PMCID: PMC5712521 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01948-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendrogenin A (DDA) is a newly discovered cholesterol metabolite with tumor suppressor properties. Here, we explored its efficacy and mechanism of cell death in melanoma and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We found that DDA induced lethal autophagy in vitro and in vivo, including primary AML patient samples, independently of melanoma Braf status or AML molecular and cytogenetic classifications. DDA is a partial agonist on liver-X-receptor (LXR) increasing Nur77, Nor1, and LC3 expression leading to autolysosome formation. Moreover, DDA inhibited the cholesterol biosynthesizing enzyme 3β-hydroxysterol-Δ8,7-isomerase (D8D7I) leading to sterol accumulation and cooperating in autophagy induction. This mechanism of death was not observed with other LXR ligands or D8D7I inhibitors establishing DDA selectivity. The potent anti-tumor activity of DDA, its original mechanism of action and its low toxicity support its clinical evaluation. More generally, this study reveals that DDA can direct control a nuclear receptor to trigger lethal autophagy in cancers.
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15
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Regulation of SIRT1/AMPK axis is critically involved in gallotannin-induced senescence and impaired autophagy leading to cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Arch Toxicol 2017; 92:241-257. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2021-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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16
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Hong SO, Choi IK, Jeong W, Lee SR, Sung HJ, Hong SS, Seo JH. Ulmus davidiana Nakai induces apoptosis and autophagy on non-small cell lung cancer cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 202:1-11. [PMID: 28284790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ulmus davidiana Nakai (UDN) is frequently used in the treatment of cancer in traditional oriental medicine. Although several reports indicate that UDN has inhibitory effects in some cancers, there has been no report on the inhibitory effects of UDN via both autophagy and apoptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cytotoxicity induced by UDN in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) H-1299 and H-460 cell lines was evaluated using the 2, 3-Bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide inner salt (XTT) assay and trypan blue exclusion assay. Induction of apoptosis was also investigated using Hoechst staining and annexin-V binding assay and was confirmed with western blot analysis. Induction of autophagy was investigated through observation of autophagy vacuoles under inverted phase-contrast microscopy and was confirmed by observing the formation of autophagy vacuoles under a fluorescence microscope using monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining and western blot analysis. The in vivo anti-tumorigenic effect of UDN was investigated in an athymic nude mouse xenograft model using H-1299 NSCLC cells. RESULTS UDN exhibited a marked inhibitory effect on cell growth in H-1299 and H-460 human NSCLC cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner in vitro and in vivo. It induced not only apoptosis, but also autophagy in both H-1299 and H-460 cells in a dose-dependent manner. UDN-mediated autophagy led to the accumulation of autophagosome, resulting in apoptosis induction and cell death. CONCLUSIONS From our current knowledge, we are the first to demonstrate that UDN has the potential to induce both autophagy and apoptosis in H-1299 and H-460 human NSCLC cell lines. We suggest that UDN can be considered a potential candidate for lung cancer-specific chemotherapy with efficacy as a cytotoxic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon-Oh Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-705, Republic of Korea; Brain Korea 21 Program for Biomedicine Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 136-705, Republic of Korea
| | - In Keun Choi
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul 136-705, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonsik Jeong
- Bio-Center, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator, Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Ryeon Lee
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul 136-705, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Sung
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul 136-705, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Su Hong
- Bio-Center, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator, Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hong Seo
- Brain Korea 21 Program for Biomedicine Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 136-705, Republic of Korea; Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 152-703, Republic of Korea.
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17
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miR-125b controls monocyte adaptation to inflammation through mitochondrial metabolism and dynamics. Blood 2016; 128:3125-3136. [PMID: 27702798 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-02-697003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic changes drive monocyte differentiation and fate. Although abnormal mitochondria metabolism and innate immune responses participate in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory disorders, molecular events regulating mitochondrial activity to control life and death in monocytes remain poorly understood. We show here that, in human monocytes, microRNA-125b (miR-125b) attenuates the mitochondrial respiration through the silencing of the BH3-only proapoptotic protein BIK and promotes the elongation of the mitochondrial network through the targeting of the mitochondrial fission process 1 protein MTP18, leading to apoptosis. Proinflammatory activation of monocyte-derived macrophages is associated with a concomitant increase in miR-125b expression and decrease in BIK and MTP18 expression, which lead to reduced oxidative phosphorylation and enhanced mitochondrial fusion. In a chronic inflammatory systemic disorder, CD14+ blood monocytes display reduced miR-125b expression as compared with healthy controls, inversely correlated with BIK and MTP18 messenger RNA expression. Our findings not only identify BIK and MTP18 as novel targets for miR-125b that control mitochondrial metabolism and dynamics, respectively, but also reveal a novel function for miR-125b in regulating metabolic adaptation of monocytes to inflammation. Together, these data unravel new molecular mechanisms for a proapoptotic role of miR-125b in monocytes and identify potential targets for interfering with excessive inflammatory activation of monocytes in inflammatory disorders.
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18
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Zhang M, Zhang H, Tang F, Wang Y, Mo Z, Lei X, Tang S. Doxorubicin resistance mediated by cytoplasmic macrophage colony-stimulating factor is associated with switch from apoptosis to autophagic cell death in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 241:2086-2093. [PMID: 27439542 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216660399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage colony-stimulating factor is a vital factor in maintaining the biological function of monocyte-macrophage lineage. It is expressed in many tumor tissues and cancer cells. Recent findings indicate that macrophage colony-stimulating factor might contribute to chemoresistance, but the precise mechanisms are unclear. This study was to explore the effect of macrophage colony-stimulating factor on doxorubicin resistance in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and the possible mechanism. In the study, the human breast cancer cells, MCF-7, were transfected with macrophage colony-stimulating factor. We document that cytoplasmic macrophage colony-stimulating factor induces doxorubicin resistance and inhibits apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. Further studies demonstrated that cytoplasmic macrophage colony-stimulating factor-mediated apoptosis inhibition was dependent on the activation of PI3K/Akt/Survivin pathway. More importantly, we found that macrophage colony-stimulating factor-induced autophagic cell death in doxorubicin-treated MCF-7 cells. Taken together, we show for the first time that macrophage colony-stimulating factor-induced doxorubicin resistance is associated with the changes in cell death response with defective apoptosis and promotion of autophagic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxia Zhang
- 1 Biomedical Research Center, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China.,2 Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Hailiang Zhang
- 2 Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Fan Tang
- 2 Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- 2 Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Zhongcheng Mo
- 2 Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Xiaoyong Lei
- 2 Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Shengsong Tang
- 1 Biomedical Research Center, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China.,2 Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
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19
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Orhon I, Dupont N, Zaidan M, Boitez V, Burtin M, Schmitt A, Capiod T, Viau A, Beau I, Kuehn EW, Friedlander G, Terzi F, Codogno P. Primary-cilium-dependent autophagy controls epithelial cell volume in response to fluid flow. Nat Cell Biol 2016; 18:657-67. [PMID: 27214279 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is an adaptation mechanism that is vital for cellular homeostasis in response to various stress conditions. Previous reports indicate that there is a functional interaction between the primary cilium (PC) and autophagy. The PC, a microtubule-based structure present at the surface of numerous cell types, is a mechanical sensor. Here we show that autophagy induced by fluid flow regulates kidney epithelial cell volume in vitro and in vivo. PC ablation blocked autophagy induction and cell-volume regulation. In addition, inhibition of autophagy in ciliated cells impaired the flow-dependent regulation of cell volume. PC-dependent autophagy can be triggered either by mTOR inhibition or a mechanism dependent on the polycystin 2 channel. Only the LKB1-AMPK-mTOR signalling pathway was required for the flow-dependent regulation of cell volume by autophagy. These findings suggest that therapies regulating autophagy should be considered in developing treatments for PC-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idil Orhon
- Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris F-75993, France
| | - Nicolas Dupont
- Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris F-75993, France
| | - Mohamad Zaidan
- Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris F-75993, France
| | - Valérie Boitez
- Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris F-75993, France
| | - Martine Burtin
- Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris F-75993, France
| | - Alain Schmitt
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016-CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris F-75014, France
| | - Thierry Capiod
- Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris F-75993, France
| | - Amandine Viau
- Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwig-University of Freiburg, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Isabelle Beau
- INSERM UMR 1185, Université Paris-Sud 11, Kremlin-Bicêtre F-94276, France
| | - E Wolfgang Kuehn
- Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwig-University of Freiburg, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Biological Signaling Studies (bioss), Albert-Ludwig-University, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gérard Friedlander
- Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris F-75993, France
| | - Fabiola Terzi
- Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris F-75993, France
| | - Patrice Codogno
- Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris F-75993, France
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20
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Legionella pneumophila S1P-lyase targets host sphingolipid metabolism and restrains autophagy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:1901-6. [PMID: 26831115 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1522067113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an essential component of innate immunity, enabling the detection and elimination of intracellular pathogens. Legionella pneumophila, an intracellular pathogen that can cause a severe pneumonia in humans, is able to modulate autophagy through the action of effector proteins that are translocated into the host cell by the pathogen's Dot/Icm type IV secretion system. Many of these effectors share structural and sequence similarity with eukaryotic proteins. Indeed, phylogenetic analyses have indicated their acquisition by horizontal gene transfer from a eukaryotic host. Here we report that L. pneumophila translocates the effector protein sphingosine-1 phosphate lyase (LpSpl) to target the host sphingosine biosynthesis and to curtail autophagy. Our structural characterization of LpSpl and its comparison with human SPL reveals high structural conservation, thus supporting prior phylogenetic analysis. We show that LpSpl possesses S1P lyase activity that was abrogated by mutation of the catalytic site residues. L. pneumophila triggers the reduction of several sphingolipids critical for macrophage function in an LpSpl-dependent and -independent manner. LpSpl activity alone was sufficient to prevent an increase in sphingosine levels in infected host cells and to inhibit autophagy during macrophage infection. LpSpl was required for efficient infection of A/J mice, highlighting an important virulence role for this effector. Thus, we have uncovered a previously unidentified mechanism used by intracellular pathogens to inhibit autophagy, namely the disruption of host sphingolipid biosynthesis.
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21
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Liu W, Shang G, Yang S, Huang J, Xue X, Lin Y, Zheng Y, Wang X, Wang L, Lin R, Tao J, Chen L. Electroacupuncture protects against ischemic stroke by reducing autophagosome formation and inhibiting autophagy through the mTORC1-ULK1 complex-Beclin1 pathway. Int J Mol Med 2015; 37:309-18. [PMID: 26647915 PMCID: PMC4716798 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In a previous study by our group, we demonstrated that electroacupuncture (EA) activates the class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway. There is considerable evidence that the downstream mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) plays an important role in autophagy following ischemic stroke. The aim of the present study was to determine whether EA exerts a neuroprotective effect through mTORC1-mediated autophagy following ischemia/reperfusion injury. Our results revealed that EA at the LI11 and ST36 acupoints attenuated motor dysfunction, improved neurological deficit outcomes and decreased the infarct volumes. The number of autophagosomes, autolysosomes and lysosomes was decreased following treatment with EA. Simultaneously, the levels of the autophagosome membrane maker, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta (LC3B)II/I, Unc-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1), autophagy related gene 13 Atg13) and Beclin1 (ser14) were decreased, whereas mTORC1 expression was increased in the peri-infarct cortex. These results suggest that EA protects against ischemic stroke through the inhibition of autophagosome formation and autophagy, which is mediated through the mTORC1-ULK complex-Beclin1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Liu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Guanhao Shang
- The Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Motor Functional Rehabilitation, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Shanli Yang
- Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Jia Huang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Xiehua Xue
- Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Yunjiao Lin
- The Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Motor Functional Rehabilitation, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zheng
- The Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Motor Functional Rehabilitation, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Xian Wang
- The Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Motor Functional Rehabilitation, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Lulu Wang
- The Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Motor Functional Rehabilitation, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Ruhui Lin
- The Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Motor Functional Rehabilitation, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Jing Tao
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Lidian Chen
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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22
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Niso-Santano M, Malik SA, Pietrocola F, Bravo-San Pedro JM, Mariño G, Cianfanelli V, Ben-Younès A, Troncoso R, Markaki M, Sica V, Izzo V, Chaba K, Bauvy C, Dupont N, Kepp O, Rockenfeller P, Wolinski H, Madeo F, Lavandero S, Codogno P, Harper F, Pierron G, Tavernarakis N, Cecconi F, Maiuri MC, Galluzzi L, Kroemer G. Unsaturated fatty acids induce non-canonical autophagy. EMBO J 2015; 34:1025-41. [PMID: 25586377 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201489363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To obtain mechanistic insights into the cross talk between lipolysis and autophagy, two key metabolic responses to starvation, we screened the autophagy-inducing potential of a panel of fatty acids in human cancer cells. Both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids such as palmitate and oleate, respectively, triggered autophagy, but the underlying molecular mechanisms differed. Oleate, but not palmitate, stimulated an autophagic response that required an intact Golgi apparatus. Conversely, autophagy triggered by palmitate, but not oleate, required AMPK, PKR and JNK1 and involved the activation of the BECN1/PIK3C3 lipid kinase complex. Accordingly, the downregulation of BECN1 and PIK3C3 abolished palmitate-induced, but not oleate-induced, autophagy in human cancer cells. Moreover, Becn1(+/-) mice as well as yeast cells and nematodes lacking the ortholog of human BECN1 mounted an autophagic response to oleate, but not palmitate. Thus, unsaturated fatty acids induce a non-canonical, phylogenetically conserved, autophagic response that in mammalian cells relies on the Golgi apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Niso-Santano
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
| | - Shoaib Ahmad Malik
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France INSERM, U1138, Paris, France Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Federico Pietrocola
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France INSERM, U1138, Paris, France Université Paris Sud/Paris 11, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - José Manuel Bravo-San Pedro
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
| | - Guillermo Mariño
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
| | - Valentina Cianfanelli
- Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy Unit of Cell Stress and Survival, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Amena Ben-Younès
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
| | - Rodrigo Troncoso
- Advanced Center for Chronic Disease (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences/Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maria Markaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Valentina Sica
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France INSERM, U1138, Paris, France Université Paris Sud/Paris 11, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Valentina Izzo
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
| | - Kariman Chaba
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Chantal Bauvy
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France INSERM, U1151, Paris, France Institut Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Dupont
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France INSERM, U1151, Paris, France Institut Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France INSERM, U1138, Paris, France Cell Biology & Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
| | - Patrick Rockenfeller
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Heimo Wolinski
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Disease (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences/Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Patrice Codogno
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France INSERM, U1151, Paris, France Institut Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - Francis Harper
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France CNRS, UMR8122, Villejuif, France
| | - Gérard Pierron
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France CNRS, UMR8122, Villejuif, France
| | - Nektarios Tavernarakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Greece Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Francesco Cecconi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy Unit of Cell Stress and Survival, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark Laboratory of Molecular Neuroembryology, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Maiuri
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France INSERM, U1138, Paris, France Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France INSERM, U1138, Paris, France Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France Cell Biology & Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
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