Next generation sequencing and its applications

Next-Generation Sequencing to Study the DNA Interaction

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has transformed genomics by allowing researchers to sequence DNA and RNA at highest speed, accuracy, and cost-effectiveness. Researchers investigate DNA interactions with the help next-generation sequencing with a great deal of information. Over the last decade, NGS technologies have advanced significantly, with the development of several platforms, including Illumina, PacBio, and Oxford Nanopore, each offering distinct advantages and uses. The use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has aided in the discovery of genetic variations, gene expression patterns, and epigenetic modifications connected with a variety of diseases, including cancer, neurological disorders, and infectious diseases. By identifying these regions, we can control the expression of genes, cellular signaling pathways, and other key biological processes. NGS is an effective method for researching DNA interactions that has completely transformed the area of genomics. NGS has also played an important part in personalized medicine, enabling the discovery of disease-causing mutations and the creation of targeted medicines. Finally, NGS has transformed the field of genomics, resulting in new discoveries and applications in medicine, environmental sciences, and other fields.

Epigenetic tumor heterogeneity in the era of single-cell profiling with nanopore sequencing

Nanopore sequencing has brought the technology to the next generation in the science of sequencing. This is achieved through research advancing on: pore efficiency, creating mechanisms to control DNA translocation, enhancing signal-to-noise ratio, and expanding to long-read ranges. Heterogeneity regarding epigenetics would be broad as mutations in the epigenome are sensitive to cause new challenges in cancer research. Epigenetic enzymes which catalyze DNA methylation and histone modification are dysregulated in cancer cells and cause numerous heterogeneous clones to evolve. Detection of this heterogeneity in these clones plays an indispensable role in the treatment of various cancer types. With single-cell profiling, the nanopore sequencing technology could provide a simple sequence at long reads and is expected to be used soon at the bedside or doctor's office. Here, we review the advancements of nanopore sequencing and its use in the detection of epigenetic heterogeneity in cancer.