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Seclen E, Jang JC, Lawal AO, Pulicani S, Boyne A, Tkach D, Juillerat A, Duchateau P, Valton J. TALEN-mediated intron editing of HSPCs enables transgene expression restricted to the myeloid lineage. Mol Ther 2024; 32:1643-1657. [PMID: 38582963 PMCID: PMC11184328 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) shows great potential for the treatment of inborn metabolic diseases. Typical HSPC gene therapy approaches rely on constitutive promoters to express a therapeutic transgene, which is associated with multiple disadvantages. Here, we propose a novel promoterless intronic gene editing approach that triggers transgene expression only after cellular differentiation into the myeloid lineage. We integrated a splicing-competent eGFP cassette into the first intron of CD11b and observed expression of eGFP in the myeloid lineage but minimal to no expression in HSPCs or differentiated non-myeloid lineages. In vivo, edited HSPCs successfully engrafted in immunodeficient mice and displayed transgene expression in the myeloid compartment of multiple tissues. Using the same approach, we expressed alpha-L-iduronidase (IDUA), the defective enzyme in Mucopolysaccharidosis type I, and observed a 10-fold supraendogenous IDUA expression exclusively after myeloid differentiation. Edited cells efficiently populated bone marrow, blood, and spleen of immunodeficient mice, and retained the capacity to secrete IDUA ex vivo. Importantly, cells edited with the eGFP and IDUA transgenes were also found in the brain. This approach may unlock new therapeutic strategies for inborn metabolic and neurological diseases that require the delivery of therapeutics in brain.
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2
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Giacomarra M, Colomba P, Francofonte D, Zora M, Caocci G, Diomede D, Giuffrida G, Fiori L, Montanari C, Sapuppo A, Scortechini AR, Vitturi N, Duro G, Zizzo C. Gaucher Disease or Acid Sphingomyelinase Deficiency? The Importance of Differential Diagnosis. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1487. [PMID: 38592326 PMCID: PMC10932152 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Gaucher disease is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by functional glucocerebrosidase enzyme deficiency. Hepatosplenomegaly and hematological complications are found in both Gaucher disease and Acid Sphingomyelinase Deficiency, which is caused by acid sphingomyelinase dysfunction. The possible overlap in clinical presentation can cause diagnostic errors in differential diagnosis. For this reason, in patients with an initial clinical suspicion of Gaucher disease, we aimed to carry out a parallel screening of acid sphingomyelinase and glucocerebrosidase. Methods: Peripheral blood samples of 627 patients were collected, and enzymatic activity analysis was performed on both glucocerebrosidase and acid sphingomyelinase. The specific gene was studied in samples with null or reduced enzymatic activity. Specific molecular biomarkers helped to achieve the correct diagnosis. Results: In 98.7% of patients, normal values of glucocerebrosidase activity excluded Gaucher disease. In 8 of 627 patients (1.3%), the glucocerebrosidase enzymatic activity assay was below the normal range, so genetic GBA1 analysis confirmed the enzymatic defect. Three patients (0.5%) had normal glucocerebrosidase activity, so they were not affected by Gaucher disease, and showed decreased acid sphingomyelinase activity. SMPD1 gene mutations responsible for Acid Sphingomyelinase Deficiency were found. The levels of specific biomarkers found in these patients further strengthened the genetic data. Conclusions: Our results suggest that in the presence of typical signs and symptoms of Gaucher disease, Acid Sphingomyelinase Deficiency should be considered. For this reason, the presence of hepatosplenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, leukocytopenia, and anemia should alert clinicians to analyze both enzymes by a combined screening. Today, enzyme replacement therapy is available for the treatment of both pathologies; therefore, prompt diagnosis is essential for patients to start accurate treatment and to avoid diagnostic delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Giacomarra
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), Via Ugo la Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.); (D.F.); (M.Z.); (G.D.)
| | - Paolo Colomba
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), Via Ugo la Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.); (D.F.); (M.Z.); (G.D.)
| | - Daniele Francofonte
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), Via Ugo la Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.); (D.F.); (M.Z.); (G.D.)
| | - Marcomaria Zora
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), Via Ugo la Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.); (D.F.); (M.Z.); (G.D.)
| | - Giovanni Caocci
- Ematologia e Centro Trapianto di Midollo Osseo, Ospedale Businco, Via Jenner, 09124 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Daniela Diomede
- U.O.C. Ematologia e Trapianto, Ospedale “Mons. R. Dimiccoli”, Viale Ippocrate 15, 70051 Barletta, Italy;
| | - Gaetano Giuffrida
- Divisione Clinicizzata di Ematologia Sezione Trapianto di Midollo Osseo, Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele-Presidio Ospedaliero Ferrarotto, Via Citelli 6, 95124 Catania, Italy;
| | - Laura Fiori
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, Via Castevetro 32, 20154 Milan, Italy;
| | - Chiara Montanari
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Giovanni Battista Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy;
| | - Annamaria Sapuppo
- Regional Referral Centre for Inborn Errors Metabolism, Pediatric Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Anna Rita Scortechini
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Clinica Ematologica, Via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Nicola Vitturi
- Department of Medicine-DIMED, Division of Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Duro
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), Via Ugo la Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.); (D.F.); (M.Z.); (G.D.)
| | - Carmela Zizzo
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), Via Ugo la Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.); (D.F.); (M.Z.); (G.D.)
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Colucci F, Avenali M, De Micco R, Fusar Poli M, Cerri S, Stanziano M, Bacila A, Cuconato G, Franco V, Franciotta D, Ghezzi C, Gastaldi M, Elia AE, Romito L, Devigili G, Leta V, Garavaglia B, Golfrè Andreasi N, Cazzaniga F, Reale C, Galandra C, Germani G, Mitrotti P, Ongari G, Palmieri I, Picascia M, Pichiecchio A, Verri M, Esposito F, Cirillo M, Di Nardo F, Aloisio S, Siciliano M, Prioni S, Amami P, Piacentini S, Bruzzone MG, Grisoli M, Moda F, Eleopra R, Tessitore A, Valente EM, Cilia R. Ambroxol as a disease-modifying treatment to reduce the risk of cognitive impairment in GBA-associated Parkinson's disease: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II trial. The AMBITIOUS study protocol. BMJ Neurol Open 2023; 5:e000535. [PMID: 38027469 PMCID: PMC10679992 DOI: 10.1136/bmjno-2023-000535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Heterozygous mutations in the GBA gene, encoding the lysosomal enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase), are the most frequent genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). GBA-related PD (GBA-PD) patients have higher risk of dementia and reduced survival than non-carriers. Preclinical studies and one open-label trial in humans demonstrated that the chaperone ambroxol (ABX) increases GCase levels and modulates α-synuclein levels in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Methods and analysis In this multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II clinical trial, we randomise patients with GBA-PD in a 1:1 ratio to either oral ABX 1.2 g/day or placebo. The duration of treatment is 52 weeks. Each participant is assessed at baseline and weeks 12, 26, 38, 52 and 78. Changes in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment score and the frequency of mild cognitive impairment and dementia between baseline and weeks 52 are the primary outcome measures. Secondary outcome measures include changes in validated scales/questionnaires assessing motor and non-motor symptoms. Neuroimaging features and CSF neurodegeneration markers are used as surrogate markers of disease progression. GCase activity, ABX and α-synuclein levels are also analysed in blood and CSF. A repeated-measures analysis of variance will be used for elaborating results. The primary analysis will be by intention to treat. Ethics and dissemination The study and protocols have been approved by the ethics committee of centres. The study is conducted according to good clinical practice and the Declaration of Helsinki. The trial findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at conferences. Trial registration numbers NCT05287503, EudraCT 2021-004565-13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Colucci
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Micol Avenali
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Rosita De Micco
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Fusar Poli
- Neuropsychology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Mario Stanziano
- Neuroradiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Giada Cuconato
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Valentina Franco
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Division of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Antonio Emanuele Elia
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Luigi Romito
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Grazia Devigili
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Valentina Leta
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
- Parkinson's Centre of Excellence, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Barbara Garavaglia
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Nico Golfrè Andreasi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Federico Cazzaniga
- Unit of Neurology 5 and Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Reale
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anna Pichiecchio
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mattia Verri
- Neuroradiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Esposito
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Cirillo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Di Nardo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Simone Aloisio
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Mattia Siciliano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Sara Prioni
- Neuropsychology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Paolo Amami
- Neuropsychology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Sylvie Piacentini
- Neuropsychology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- Neuroradiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Marina Grisoli
- Neuroradiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabio Moda
- Unit of Neurology 5 and Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Eleopra
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Tessitore
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Enza Maria Valente
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberto Cilia
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
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Mubariz F, Saadin A, Lingenfelter N, Sarkar C, Banerjee A, Lipinski MM, Awad O. Deregulation of mTORC1-TFEB axis in human iPSC model of GBA1-associated Parkinson's disease. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1152503. [PMID: 37332877 PMCID: PMC10272450 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1152503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the GBA1 gene are the single most frequent genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). Neurodegenerative changes in GBA1-associated PD have been linked to the defective lysosomal clearance of autophagic substrates and aggregate-prone proteins. To elucidate novel mechanisms contributing to proteinopathy in PD, we investigated the effect of GBA1 mutations on the transcription factor EB (TFEB), the master regulator of the autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP). Using PD patients' induced-pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), we examined TFEB activity and regulation of the ALP in dopaminergic neuronal cultures generated from iPSC lines harboring heterozygous GBA1 mutations and the CRISPR/Cas9-corrected isogenic controls. Our data showed a significant decrease in TFEB transcriptional activity and attenuated expression of many genes in the CLEAR network in GBA1 mutant neurons, but not in the isogenic gene-corrected cells. In PD neurons, we also detected increased activity of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex1 (mTORC1), the main upstream negative regulator of TFEB. Increased mTORC1 activity resulted in excess TFEB phosphorylation and decreased nuclear translocation. Pharmacological mTOR inhibition restored TFEB activity, decreased ER stress and reduced α-synuclein accumulation, indicating improvement of neuronal protiostasis. Moreover, treatment with the lipid substrate reducing compound Genz-123346, decreased mTORC1 activity and increased TFEB expression in the mutant neurons, suggesting that mTORC1-TFEB alterations are linked to the lipid substrate accumulation. Our study unveils a new mechanism contributing to PD susceptibility by GBA1 mutations in which deregulation of the mTORC1-TFEB axis mediates ALP dysfunction and subsequent proteinopathy. It also indicates that pharmacological restoration of TFEB activity could be a promising therapeutic approach in GBA1-associated neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Mubariz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Afsoon Saadin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nicholas Lingenfelter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Chinmoy Sarkar
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Aditi Banerjee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Marta M. Lipinski
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ola Awad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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5
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Mauhin W, Brassier A, London J, Subran B, Zeggane A, Besset Q, Jammal C, Montardi C, Mellot C, Strauss C, Borie R, Lidove O. Manifestations pulmonaires des maladies héréditaires du métabolisme. Rev Mal Respir 2022; 39:758-777. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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6
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Serfecz JC, Saadin A, Santiago CP, Zhang Y, Bentzen SM, Vogel SN, Feldman RA. C5a Activates a Pro-Inflammatory Gene Expression Profile in Human Gaucher iPSC-Derived Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9912. [PMID: 34576075 PMCID: PMC8466165 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by bi-allelic GBA1 mutations that reduce the activity of the lysosomal enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase). GCase catalyzes the conversion of glucosylceramide (GluCer), a ubiquitous glycosphingolipid, to glucose and ceramide. GCase deficiency causes the accumulation of GluCer and its metabolite glucosylsphingosine (GluSph) in a number of tissues and organs. In the immune system, GCase deficiency deregulates signal transduction events, resulting in an inflammatory environment. It is known that the complement system promotes inflammation, and complement inhibitors are currently being considered as a novel therapy for GD; however, the mechanism by which complement drives systemic macrophage-mediated inflammation remains incompletely understood. To help understand the mechanisms involved, we used human GD-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived macrophages. We found that GD macrophages exhibit exacerbated production of inflammatory cytokines via an innate immune response mediated by receptor 1 for complement component C5a (C5aR1). Quantitative RT-PCR and ELISA assays showed that in the presence of recombinant C5a (rC5a), GD macrophages secreted 8-10-fold higher levels of TNF-α compared to rC5a-stimulated control macrophages. PMX53, a C5aR1 blocker, reversed the enhanced GD macrophage TNF-α production, indicating that the observed effect was predominantly C5aR1-mediated. To further analyze the extent of changes induced by rC5a stimulation, we performed gene array analysis of the rC5a-treated macrophage transcriptomes. We found that rC5a-stimulated GD macrophages exhibit increased expression of genes involved in TNF-α inflammatory responses compared to rC5a-stimulated controls. Our results suggest that rC5a-induced inflammation in GD macrophages activates a unique immune response, supporting the potential use of inhibitors of the C5a-C5aR1 receptor axis to mitigate the chronic inflammatory abnormalities associated with GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn C. Serfecz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (J.C.S.); (A.S.); (S.N.V.)
| | - Afsoon Saadin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (J.C.S.); (A.S.); (S.N.V.)
| | - Clayton P. Santiago
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
| | - Yuji Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (Y.Z.); (S.M.B.)
| | - Søren M. Bentzen
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (Y.Z.); (S.M.B.)
| | - Stefanie N. Vogel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (J.C.S.); (A.S.); (S.N.V.)
| | - Ricardo A. Feldman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (J.C.S.); (A.S.); (S.N.V.)
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7
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Di Rocco M, Di Fonzo A, Barbato A, Cappellini MD, Carubbi F, Giona F, Giuffrida G, Linari S, Pession A, Quarta A, Scarpa M, Spada M, Strisciuglio P, Andria G. Parkinson's disease in Gaucher disease patients: what's changing in the counseling and management of patients and their relatives? Orphanet J Rare Dis 2020; 15:262. [PMID: 32967694 PMCID: PMC7510137 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-020-01529-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background How to address the counseling of lifetime risk of developing Parkinson’s disease in patients with Gaucher disease and their family members carrying a single variant of the GBA1 gene is not yet clearly defined. In addition, there is no set way of managing Gaucher disease patients, taking into account the possibility that they may show features of Parkinson’s disease. Methods Starting from an overview on what has recently changed in our knowledge on this issue and grouping the experiences of healthcare providers of Gaucher disease patients, we outline a path of counseling and management of Parkinson’s disease risk in Gaucher disease patients and their relatives. Conclusion The approach proposed here will help healthcare providers to communicate Parkinson’s disease risk to their patients and will reduce the possibility of patients receiving inaccurate information from inadequate sources. Furthermore, this resource will help to empower healthcare providers to identify early signs and/or symptoms of Parkinson’s disease and decide when to refer these patients to the neurologist for appropriate specific therapy and follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Di Rocco
- Unit of Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 3, 16147, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Alessio Di Fonzo
- Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy.
| | - Antonio Barbato
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, "Federico II" University Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Carubbi
- Regional Referral Centre for Lysosomal Storage Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine and Metabolism, Civil Hospital, AOU of Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Fiorina Giona
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Giuffrida
- Regional Reference Center for Rare Diseases, Clinical Division of Haematology and Transplantation, PO Ferrarotto Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - Silvia Linari
- Center for Bleeding Disorders and Coagulation, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Pession
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, S. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonella Quarta
- Center for Microcythemia, Iron Metabolism disorders, Gaucher disease-Hematology and Transplantation Unit, "A. Perrino" Hospital, Brindisi, Italy
| | - Maurizio Scarpa
- Regional Coordinating Center for Rare Disease, University Hospital of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Marco Spada
- Department of Pediatrics, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Pietro Strisciuglio
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Generoso Andria
- Professor Emeritus "Federico II" University Hospital, Naples, Italy
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8
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Anderson A, Campo A, Fulton E, Corwin A, Jerome WG, O'Connor MS. 7-Ketocholesterol in disease and aging. Redox Biol 2020; 29:101380. [PMID: 31926618 PMCID: PMC6926354 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
7-Ketocholesterol (7KC) is a toxic oxysterol that is associated with many diseases and disabilities of aging, as well as several orphan diseases. 7KC is the most common product of a reaction between cholesterol and oxygen radicals and is the most concentrated oxysterol found in the blood and arterial plaques of coronary artery disease patients as well as various other disease tissues and cell types. Unlike cholesterol, 7KC consistently shows cytotoxicity to cells and its physiological function in humans or other complex organisms is unknown. Oxysterols, particularly 7KC, have also been shown to diffuse through membranes where they affect receptor and enzymatic function. Here, we will explore the known and proposed mechanisms of pathologies that are associated with 7KC, as well speculate about the future of 7KC as a diagnostic and therapeutic target in medicine.
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9
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Zaretsky L, Zeid N, Naik H, Alcalay RN, Balwani M. Knowledge and attitudes of Parkinson’s disease risk in the Gaucher population. J Genet Couns 2019; 29:105-111. [DOI: 10.1002/jgc4.1185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leah Zaretsky
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
| | - Natasha Zeid
- Cardiovascular Genetics Program Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT USA
| | - Hetanshi Naik
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
| | - Roy N. Alcalay
- Department of Neurology Columbia University Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Manisha Balwani
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
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Brown RA, Voit A, Srikanth MP, Thayer JA, Kingsbury TJ, Jacobson MA, Lipinski MM, Feldman RA, Awad O. mTOR hyperactivity mediates lysosomal dysfunction in Gaucher's disease iPSC-neuronal cells. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:dmm038596. [PMID: 31519738 PMCID: PMC6826018 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.038596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bi-allelic GBA1 mutations cause Gaucher's disease (GD), the most common lysosomal storage disorder. Neuronopathic manifestations in GD include neurodegeneration, which can be severe and rapidly progressive. GBA1 mutations are also the most frequent genetic risk factors for Parkinson's disease. Dysfunction of the autophagy-lysosomal pathway represents a key pathogenic event in GBA1-associated neurodegeneration. Using an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) model of GD, we previously demonstrated that lysosomal alterations in GD neurons are linked to dysfunction of the transcription factor EB (TFEB). TFEB controls the coordinated expression of autophagy and lysosomal genes and is negatively regulated by the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). To further investigate the mechanism of autophagy-lysosomal pathway dysfunction in neuronopathic GD, we examined mTORC1 kinase activity in GD iPSC neuronal progenitors and differentiated neurons. We found that mTORC1 is hyperactive in GD cells as evidenced by increased phosphorylation of its downstream protein substrates. We also found that pharmacological inhibition of glucosylceramide synthase enzyme reversed mTORC1 hyperactivation, suggesting that increased mTORC1 activity is mediated by the abnormal accumulation of glycosphingolipids in the mutant cells. Treatment with the mTOR inhibitor Torin1 upregulated lysosomal biogenesis and enhanced autophagic clearance in GD neurons, confirming that lysosomal dysfunction is mediated by mTOR hyperactivation. Further analysis demonstrated that increased TFEB phosphorylation by mTORC1 results in decreased TFEB stability in GD cells. Our study uncovers a new mechanism contributing to autophagy-lysosomal pathway dysfunction in GD, and identifies the mTOR complex as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of GBA1-associated neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Brown
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Antanina Voit
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Manasa P Srikanth
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Julia A Thayer
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Tami J Kingsbury
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- University of Maryland Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Marlene A Jacobson
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Marta M Lipinski
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Ricardo A Feldman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Ola Awad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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11
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Panicker LM, Srikanth MP, Castro-Gomes T, Miller D, Andrews NW, Feldman RA. Gaucher disease iPSC-derived osteoblasts have developmental and lysosomal defects that impair bone matrix deposition. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:811-822. [PMID: 29301038 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) is caused by bi-allelic mutations in GBA1, the gene that encodes acid β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase). Individuals affected by GD have hematologic, visceral and bone abnormalities, and in severe cases there is also neurodegeneration. To shed light on the mechanisms by which mutant GBA1 causes bone disease, we examined the ability of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) derived from patients with Types 1, 2 and 3 GD, to differentiate to osteoblasts and carry out bone deposition. Differentiation of GD iPSC to osteoblasts revealed that these cells had developmental defects and lysosomal abnormalities that interfered with bone matrix deposition. Compared with controls, GD iPSC-derived osteoblasts exhibited reduced expression of osteoblast differentiation markers, and bone matrix protein and mineral deposition were defective. Concomitantly, canonical Wnt/β catenin signaling in the mutant osteoblasts was downregulated, whereas pharmacological Wnt activation with the GSK3β inhibitor CHIR99021 rescued GD osteoblast differentiation and bone matrix deposition. Importantly, incubation with recombinant GCase (rGCase) rescued the differentiation and bone-forming ability of GD osteoblasts, demonstrating that the abnormal GD phenotype was caused by GCase deficiency. GD osteoblasts were also defective in their ability to carry out Ca2+-dependent exocytosis, a lysosomal function that is necessary for bone matrix deposition. We conclude that normal GCase enzymatic activity is required for the differentiation and bone-forming activity of osteoblasts. Furthermore, the rescue of bone matrix deposition by pharmacological activation of Wnt/β catenin in GD osteoblasts uncovers a new therapeutic target for the treatment of bone abnormalities in GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leelamma M Panicker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Manasa P Srikanth
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Thiago Castro-Gomes
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Diana Miller
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Norma W Andrews
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Ricardo A Feldman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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12
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Bardakjian T, Gonzalez-Alegre P. Towards precision medicine. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2018; 147:93-102. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63233-3.00008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Stirnemann J, Belmatoug N, Camou F, Serratrice C, Froissart R, Caillaud C, Levade T, Astudillo L, Serratrice J, Brassier A, Rose C, Billette de Villemeur T, Berger MG. A Review of Gaucher Disease Pathophysiology, Clinical Presentation and Treatments. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18020441. [PMID: 28218669 PMCID: PMC5343975 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 429] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD, ORPHA355) is a rare, autosomal recessive genetic disorder. It is caused by a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme, glucocerebrosidase, which leads to an accumulation of its substrate, glucosylceramide, in macrophages. In the general population, its incidence is approximately 1/40,000 to 1/60,000 births, rising to 1/800 in Ashkenazi Jews. The main cause of the cytopenia, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and bone lesions associated with the disease is considered to be the infiltration of the bone marrow, spleen, and liver by Gaucher cells. Type-1 Gaucher disease, which affects the majority of patients (90% in Europe and USA, but less in other regions), is characterized by effects on the viscera, whereas types 2 and 3 are also associated with neurological impairment, either severe in type 2 or variable in type 3. A diagnosis of GD can be confirmed by demonstrating the deficiency of acid glucocerebrosidase activity in leukocytes. Mutations in the GBA1 gene should be identified as they may be of prognostic value in some cases. Patients with type-1 GD-but also carriers of GBA1 mutation-have been found to be predisposed to developing Parkinson's disease, and the risk of neoplasia associated with the disease is still subject to discussion. Disease-specific treatment consists of intravenous enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) using one of the currently available molecules (imiglucerase, velaglucerase, or taliglucerase). Orally administered inhibitors of glucosylceramide biosynthesis can also be used (miglustat or eliglustat).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Stirnemann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland.
| | - Nadia Belmatoug
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reference Center for Lysosomal Storage Diseases, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Nord Val de Seine, site Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 100 boulevard du Général Leclerc, F-92110 Clichy la Garenne, France.
| | - Fabrice Camou
- Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Saint André, CHU de Bordeaux, 1 rue Jean Burguet, F-33075 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Christine Serratrice
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland.
| | - Roseline Froissart
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire Grand Est, unité des Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme et Dépistage Néonatal, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, F-69677 Bron, France.
| | - Catherine Caillaud
- Inserm U1151, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Université Paris Descartes, Laboratoire de Biochimie, Métabolomique et Protéomique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 149 rue de Sèvres, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - Thierry Levade
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR1037, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire de Biochimie Métabolique, Institut Fédératif de Biologie, CHU Purpan, F-31059 Toulouse, France.
| | - Leonardo Astudillo
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR1037, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2013, Centre de Recherches en Cancerologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université de Toulouse, Service de Médecine Interne, CHU Purpan, F-31059 Toulouse, France.
| | - Jacques Serratrice
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland.
| | - Anaïs Brassier
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme de l'Enfant et de l'Adulte (MaMEA), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Institut Imagine, F-75012 Paris, France.
| | - Christian Rose
- Service d'onco-hématologie, Saint-Vincent de Paul Hospital, Boulevard de Belfort, Université Catholique de Lille, Univ. Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Thierry Billette de Villemeur
- Service de Neuropédiatrie, Pathologie du développement, Sorbonne Université, Reference Center for Lysosomal Diseases, Hôpital Trousseau, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 24 Avenue du docteur Arnold Netter, F-75012 Paris, France.
| | - Marc G Berger
- CHU Estaing et Université Clermont Auvergne, Hematology (Biology) et EA 7453 CHELTER, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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14
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Collardeau-Frachon S, Cordier MP, Rossi M, Guibaud L, Vianey-Saban C. Antenatal manifestations of inborn errors of metabolism: autopsy findings suggestive of a metabolic disorder. J Inherit Metab Dis 2016; 39:597-610. [PMID: 27106218 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-016-9937-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights the importance of performing an autopsy when faced with fetal abortion or termination of pregnancy with suspicion of an inborn error of metabolism. Radiological, macroscopic and microscopic features found at autopsy as well as placental anomalies that can suggest such a diagnosis are detailed. The following metabolic disorders encountered in fetuses are discussed: lysosomal storage diseases, peroxisomal disorders, cholesterol synthesis disorders, congenital disorders of glycosylation, glycogenosis type IV, mitochondrial respiratory chain disorders, transaldolase deficiency, generalized arterial calcification of infancy, hypophosphatasia, arylsulfatase E deficiency, inborn errors of serine metabolism, asparagine synthetase deficiency, hyperphenylalaninemia, glutaric aciduria type I, non-ketotic hyperglycinemia, pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency, pyruvate carboxylase deficiency, glutamine synthase deficiency, sulfite oxidase and molybdenum cofactor deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Collardeau-Frachon
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital-Femme-Mère-Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 bd Pinel, 69677, Bron cedex, France.
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, CHU de Lyon, France.
- SOFFOET, Société Française de Fœtopathologie, Lyon, France.
| | - Marie-Pierre Cordier
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 bd Pinel, 69677, Bron cedex, France
| | - Massimiliano Rossi
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 bd Pinel, 69677, Bron cedex, France
| | - Laurent Guibaud
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, CHU de Lyon, France
- Department of Fetal and Pediatric Imaging, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 bd Pinel, 69677, Bron cedex, France
| | - Christine Vianey-Saban
- Department of Department of Biochemistry, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 bd Pinel, 69677, Bron cedex, France
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15
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Transient Expression of Functional Glucocerebrosidase for Treatment of Gaucher’s Disease in the Goat Mammary Gland. Mol Biotechnol 2015; 58:47-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-015-9902-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Frosk P, Phillips SM, Del Bigio MR, Chodirker BN. Atypical features in a case of lethal perinatal Gaucher disease. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2015; 40:946-50. [PMID: 24707850 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Frosk
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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17
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Rauch JN, Gestwicki JE. Rehabilitating mutant GCase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 21:919-20. [PMID: 25126987 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Gaucher's disease is a hereditary deficiency of the enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase) that is most commonly treated by enzyme replacement therapy. In this issue of Chemistry & Biology, Tan and colleagues search for alternative ways to rehabilitate mutant GCase by understanding how it interacts with the proteostasis network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N Rauch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California at San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jason E Gestwicki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California at San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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18
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Zigdon H, Savidor A, Levin Y, Meshcheriakova A, Schiffmann R, Futerman AH. Identification of a biomarker in cerebrospinal fluid for neuronopathic forms of Gaucher disease. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120194. [PMID: 25775479 PMCID: PMC4361053 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease, a recessive inherited metabolic disorder caused by defects in the gene encoding glucosylceramidase (GlcCerase), can be divided into three subtypes according to the appearance of symptoms associated with central nervous system involvement. We now identify a protein, glycoprotein non-metastatic B (GPNMB), that acts as an authentic marker of brain pathology in neurological forms of Gaucher disease. Using three independent techniques, including quantitative global proteomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in samples from Gaucher disease patients that display neurological symptoms, we demonstrate a correlation between the severity of symptoms and GPNMB levels. Moreover, GPNMB levels in the CSF correlate with disease severity in a mouse model of Gaucher disease. GPNMB was also elevated in brain samples from patients with type 2 and 3 Gaucher disease. Our data suggest that GPNMB can be used as a marker to quantify neuropathology in Gaucher disease patients and as a marker of treatment efficacy once suitable treatments towards the neurological symptoms of Gaucher disease become available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hila Zigdon
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alon Savidor
- de Botton Institute for Protein Profiling, The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yishai Levin
- de Botton Institute for Protein Profiling, The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Anna Meshcheriakova
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Raphael Schiffmann
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Anthony H. Futerman
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- * E-mail:
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