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Sood NT, Godfrey C, Youn S, Chavez Arana C, Anderson V, Payne JM, Catroppa C. The decision-making task: Development and evaluation in a paediatric traumatic brain injury population. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2024; 34:919-937. [PMID: 37542710 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2023.2242618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Assessment measures that quantify decision-making abilities in children and adolescents are limited. In the current study, a novel computerized Decision-Making Task (DMT), which identifies the process that is involved in decision-making, was developed based on an existing information-boards paradigm. The overall aim was to validate the DMT in a paediatric TBI population. This prospective study investigated the performance on the DMT for children post-TBI (n = 49; 7-15 years) compared to typically developing controls (n = 22; 7-15 years), and investigated the psychometric properties of the DMT by examining internal consistency-related reliability, convergent validity (measures of decision-making, working memory, functional outcomes, and behaviour), and divergent validity (vocabulary). Significant differences were detected for performance on the DMT between children post-TBI and the control group. Psychometric properties of the DMT were acceptable, with variable findings for convergent validity (working memory, functional outcomes, and behaviour). This is the first study to develop and investigate a novel computerised task to assess decision-making skills in a paediatric TBI population. Results cautiously suggest that the DMT is a valid and a reliable measure of decision-making in our clinical sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Tuli Sood
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Celia Godfrey
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarah Youn
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Clara Chavez Arana
- Department of Psychology, Education, & Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Vicki Anderson
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jonathan M Payne
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Cathy Catroppa
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Sood NT, Godfrey C, Chavez Arana C, Anderson V, Catroppa C. Paediatric traumatic brain injury and the dysregulation profile: The mediating role of decision-making. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2022; 33:440-453. [PMID: 35040743 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2022.2025861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Decision-making is often impacted by paediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, there are few tools available to assess these skills in children, with even less research on the consequences of decision-making deficits on dysregulation following TBI. This prospective preliminary study investigated whether decision-making mediated the effect of TBI on dysregulation in children. The performance of school-aged children aged between 7 and 15 years with TBI (n = 49) and that of typically developing controls (n = 22) was compared on The Decision-making Task, and on parent ratings of the dysregulation profile as characterized by the Child Behaviour Checklist-Dysregulation Profile. Relative to the Control group, the TBI group performed more poorly on the decision-making task, and parents of the TBI group rated their children to be more poorly on the dysregulation profile. Mediation analyses indicated that decision-making mediated the relationship between TBI and the dysregulation profile. Our preliminary findings suggest the need for further research in the area of decision-making, and its impact on dysregulated behaviours in children following TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Tuli Sood
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Celia Godfrey
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Clara Chavez Arana
- Department of Psychology, Education, & Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Vicki Anderson
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Cathy Catroppa
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Chawla M, Miyapuram KP. Context-Sensitive Computational Mechanisms of Decision Making. J Exp Neurosci 2018; 12:1179069518809057. [PMID: 30479488 PMCID: PMC6247482 DOI: 10.1177/1179069518809057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Real-world information is primarily sensory in nature, and understandably people attach value to the sensory information to prepare for appropriate behavioral responses. This review presents research from value-based, perceptual, and social decision-making domains, so far studied using isolated paradigms and their corresponding computational models. For example, in perceptual decision making, the sensory evidence accumulation rather than value computation becomes central to choice behavior. Furthermore, we identify cross-linkages between the perceptual and value-based domains to help us better understand generic processes pertaining to individual decision making. The purpose of this review is 2-fold. First, we identify the need for integrated study of different domains of decision making. Second, given that both our perception and valuation are influenced by the surrounding context, we suggest the integration of different types of information in decision making could be done by studying contextual influences in decision making. Future research needs to attempt toward a system-level understanding of various subprocesses involved in decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Chawla
- Centre for Cognitive Science, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Krishna P Miyapuram
- Centre for Cognitive Science, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, India
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Huh HJ, Baek K, Kwon JH, Jeong J, Chae JH. Impact of childhood trauma and cognitive emotion regulation strategies on risk-aversive and loss-aversive patterns of decision-making in patients with depression. Cogn Neuropsychiatry 2016; 21:447-461. [PMID: 28042929 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2016.1230053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although poor decision-making ultimately impairs quality of life in depression, few studies describe the clinical characteristics of patients suffering from dysfunctional decision-making. This study aims to delineate the effect of childhood trauma and other personality factors on risk-aversive and loss-aversive patterns of decision-making in patients with depression. METHODS A total of 50 depressive patients completed surveys for the measurement of sociodemographic factors, trauma loads and other clinical characteristics, including depression, anxiety, and strategies for emotion regulation. Risk aversion and loss aversion were quantified using probability discounting task and a 50:50 gamble on monetary decision-making task under specified risks. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the factors, predicting risk aversion or loss aversion in depression. RESULTS Childhood trauma was the most prominent factor predicting loss aversion in patients with depressive disorders. Overall maladaptive emotion regulation strategies were associated with risk aversion. CONCLUSION Childhood trauma and specific strategies of emotion regulation contribute to risk or loss aversion in patients with depression. These findings may provide useful insight into elaborative evaluation and interventions to improve decision-making and quality of life in patients with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyu Jung Huh
- a Department of Psychiatry , Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangyeol Baek
- b Department of Bio and Brain Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon , Republic of Korea.,c Department of Psychiatry , University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital , Cambridge , UK
| | - Jae-Hyung Kwon
- b Department of Bio and Brain Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon , Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeseung Jeong
- b Department of Bio and Brain Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon , Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ho Chae
- a Department of Psychiatry , Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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Chandrasekhar Pammi VS, Pillai Geethabhavan Rajesh P, Kesavadas C, Rappai Mary P, Seema S, Radhakrishnan A, Sitaram R. Neural loss aversion differences between depression patients and healthy individuals: A functional MRI investigation. Neuroradiol J 2015; 28:97-105. [PMID: 25923684 PMCID: PMC4757155 DOI: 10.1177/1971400915576670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroeconomics employs neuroscience techniques to explain decision-making behaviours. Prospect theory, a prominent model of decision-making, features a value function with parameters for risk and loss aversion. Recent work with normal participants identified activation related to loss aversion in brain regions including the amygdala, ventral striatum, and ventromedial prefrontal cortex. However, the brain network for loss aversion in pathologies such as depression has yet to be identified. The aim of the current study is to employ the value function from prospect theory to examine behavioural and neural manifestations of loss aversion in depressed and healthy individuals to identify the neurobiological markers of loss aversion in economic behaviour. We acquired behavioural data and fMRI scans while healthy controls and patients with depression performed an economic decision-making task. Behavioural loss aversion was higher in patients with depression than in healthy controls. fMRI results revealed that the two groups shared a brain network for value function including right ventral striatum, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and right amygdala. However, the neural loss aversion results revealed greater activations in the right dorsal striatum and the right anterior insula for controls compared with patients with depression, and higher activations in the midbrain region ventral tegmental area for patients with depression compared with controls. These results suggest that while the brain network for loss aversion is shared between depressed and healthy individuals, some differences exist with respect to differential activation of additional areas. Our findings are relevant to identifying neurobiological markers for altered decision-making in the depressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chandrasekharan Kesavadas
- Imaging Sciences and Intervention Radiology Department, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Trivandrum, India
| | - Paramban Rappai Mary
- Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Trivandrum, India
| | - Satish Seema
- Imaging Sciences and Intervention Radiology Department, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Trivandrum, India
| | - Ashalatha Radhakrishnan
- Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Trivandrum, India
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Bandyopadhyay D, Pammi VC, Srinivasan N. Role of affect in decision making. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2013; 202:37-53. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-62604-2.00003-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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