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Formagio ASN, Vilegas W, Kassuya CAL, De Almeida VP, Manfron J, Konkiewitz EC, Ziff EB, Faoro JAM, Dos Santos JM, Cecatto AJ, Sarragiotto MH, Mussury RM. A Comprehensive Description of the Anatomy and Histochemistry of Psychotria capillacea (Müll. Arg.) Standl. and an Investigation into Its Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Mice and Role in Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:564. [PMID: 38794135 PMCID: PMC11123824 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Species of the genus Psychotria are used in popular medicine for pain, inflammatory symptoms, and mental disorders. Psychotria capillacea (Müll. Arg.) Standl. (Rubiaceae) is commonly known as coffee and some scientific studies have demonstrated its therapeutic potential. The goal of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity of a methanolic extract obtained from leaves of P. capillacea (MEPC), as well as the micromorphology and histochemistry of the leaves and stems of this plant. In addition, the MEPC was analyzed by UHPLC-MS/MS and the alkaloidal fraction (AF) obtained from the MEPC was tested in a mouse model of inflammation. MEPC contained three indole alkaloids, one sesquiterpene (megastigmane-type) and two terpene lactones. MEPC (3, 30 and 100 mg/kg) and AF (3 and 30 mg/kg) were evaluated in inflammation models and significantly inhibited edema at 2 h and 4 h, mechanical hyperalgesia after 4 h and the response to cold 3 h and 4 h after carrageenan injection. Scopolamine significantly increased the escape latency, and reduced the swimming time and number of crossings in the target quadrant and distance, while MEPC (3, 30 and 100 mg/kg), due to its neuroprotective actions, reversed these effects. AChE activity was significantly decreased in the cerebral cortex (52 ± 3%) and hippocampus (60 ± 3%), after MEPC administration. Moreover, micromorphological and histochemical information was presented, to aid in species identification and quality control of P. capillacea. The results of this study demonstrated that P. capillacea is an anti-inflammatory and antihyperalgesic agent that can treat acute disease and enhance memory functions in mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anelise Samara Nazari Formagio
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79825-070, MS, Brazil; (A.S.N.F.); (C.A.L.K.); (E.C.K.); (J.A.M.F.); (J.M.D.S.)
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University—UNESP, São Vicente 11330-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Cândida Aparecida Leite Kassuya
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79825-070, MS, Brazil; (A.S.N.F.); (C.A.L.K.); (E.C.K.); (J.A.M.F.); (J.M.D.S.)
| | - Valter Paes De Almeida
- Posgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84010-330, PR, Brazil; (V.P.D.A.); (J.M.)
| | - Jane Manfron
- Posgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84010-330, PR, Brazil; (V.P.D.A.); (J.M.)
| | - Elisabete Castelon Konkiewitz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79825-070, MS, Brazil; (A.S.N.F.); (C.A.L.K.); (E.C.K.); (J.A.M.F.); (J.M.D.S.)
| | - Edward Benjamin Ziff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York City, NY 10012, USA;
| | - Janaine Alberto Marangoni Faoro
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79825-070, MS, Brazil; (A.S.N.F.); (C.A.L.K.); (E.C.K.); (J.A.M.F.); (J.M.D.S.)
| | - Jessica Maurino Dos Santos
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79825-070, MS, Brazil; (A.S.N.F.); (C.A.L.K.); (E.C.K.); (J.A.M.F.); (J.M.D.S.)
| | - Ana Julia Cecatto
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (A.J.C.); (M.H.S.)
| | - Maria Helena Sarragiotto
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (A.J.C.); (M.H.S.)
| | - Rosilda Mara Mussury
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados—UFGD, Dourados 79825-070, MS, Brazil
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De Palma N, Yendo ACA, Vilasboa J, Chacon DS, Fett-Neto AG. Biochemical responses in leaf tissues of alkaloid producing Psychotria brachyceras under multiple stresses. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2023; 136:397-412. [PMID: 36809401 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-023-01441-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Under natural conditions plants are generally subjected to complex scenarios of combined or sequential environmental stresses. Among the various components of plant biochemistry modulated by abiotic variables, a pivotal role is played by antioxidant systems, including specialized metabolites and their interaction with central pathways. To help address this knowledge gap, a comparative analysis of metabolic changes in leaf tissues of the alkaloid accumulating plant Psychotria brachyceras Müll Arg. under individual, sequential, and combined stress conditions was carried out. Osmotic and heat stresses were evaluated. Protective systems (accumulation of the major antioxidant alkaloid brachycerine, proline, carotenoids, total soluble protein, and activity of the enzymes ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) were measured in conjunction with stress indicators (total chlorophyll, ChA/ChB ratio, lipid peroxidation, H2O2 content and electrolyte leakage). Metabolic responses had a complex profile in sequential and combined stresses compared to single ones, being also modified over time. Different stress application schemes affected alkaloid accumulation in distinct ways, exhibiting similar profile to proline and carotenoids, constituting a complementary triad of antioxidants. These complementary non-enzymatic antioxidant systems appeared to be essential for mitigating stress damage and re-establishing cellular homeostasis. The data herein provides clues that may aid the development of a key component framework of stress responses and their appropriate balance to modulate tolerance and yield of target specialized metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás De Palma
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, CP 15005, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Anna Carolina Alves Yendo
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, CP 15005, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, Brazil
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Center for Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, CP 15005, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Johnatan Vilasboa
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, CP 15005, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Daisy Sotero Chacon
- Pharmacognosy Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, CP 59000, Natal, RN, 59012-570, Brazil
| | - Arthur Germano Fett-Neto
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, CP 15005, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, Brazil.
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Center for Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, CP 15005, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, Brazil.
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Chemotaxonomy and Antibacterial Activity of the Extracts and Chemical Constituents of Psychotria succulenta Hiern. (Rubiaceae). BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:7856305. [PMID: 35757466 PMCID: PMC9217553 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7856305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The use of natural products for medicinal purposes is becoming more and more common nowadays, as evidenced by the presence in plants of secondary metabolites with different potentials such as antioxidant and antibacterial properties. We evaluated in this work the antimicrobial activities of the extracts and some isolated compounds from the seeds of Psychotria succulenta Hiern. (Rubiaceae), a Cameroonian medicinal plant traditionally used to cure microbial infections. The ethanol extract was prepared by maceration and extracted with ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The EtOAc (m = 168 g) and n-BuOH (m = 20 g) extracts were further fractionated by silica gel column chromatography to isolation of compounds. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and by comparison with published data. The antibacterial activity of extracts and compounds was assessed by evaluating the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against pathogenic bacteria. Thirteen compounds including four alkaloids (veprisine (1), naucleofficine III (2), vepridimerine B (3), and vepridimerine C (4)), three triterpenes (barbinervic acid (5), 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl quinovic acid (6), and oleanolic acid (7)), one steroid (β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8)), four phenolic compounds (scopoletin (9), gallic acid (10), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (11), and kaempferol 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (12)), and one iridoid (borreriagenin (13)) were isolated from the EtOAc and n-BuOH extracts. These compounds were identified by 1D and 2D NMR combined analysis as well as by melting point comparison. The EtOH, EtOAc, and n-BuOH extracts exhibited significant antibacterial activities (MIC = 32‐128 μg/mL; MBC = 64‐256 μg/mL) against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive bacterium), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumonia (Gram-negative bacteria). Among the isolated compounds, scopoletin (9) showed a moderate activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae with MIC and MBC values of 16 μg/mL and 32 μg/mL, respectively. It appears that, chemotaxonomically, some of the isolated compounds have already been obtained from the genus Psychotria but to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the phytochemical investigation of P. succulenta. Although many other studies need to be achieved, our results support the use of P. succulenta in traditional medicine to cure infectious diseases particularly those caused by the tested bacteria.
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Fokoua AR, Ndjenda MK, Kaptué Wuyt A, Tatsinkou Bomba FD, Dongmo AK, Chouna R, Nkeng-Efouet PA, Nguelefack TB. Anticonvulsant effects of the aqueous and methanol extracts from the stem bark of Psychotria camptopus Verdc. (Rubiacaea) in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 272:113955. [PMID: 33610704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE The decoction from the stem bark of Psychotria camptopus (Rubiaceae) is used in the Cameroonian pharmacopoeia to treat neurological pathologies including epilepsy. AIM The present work was undertaken to study the anticonvulsant properties of the aqueous (AE) and methanol (ME) extracts from the stem bark of P. camptopus in acute models of epileptic seizures in Wistar rats. METHOD AE and ME were obtained by decoction and maceration of the stem bark powder in water and methanol, respectively. They were tested orally at the doses of 40, 80 and 120 mg/kg, on the latency of onset and duration of epileptic seizures induced by pentylene tetrazole (PTZ, 70 mg/kg, i.p.). The kinetic effect of both extracts at 120 mg/kg was evaluated. Their effects on diazepam (50 mg/kg) induced sleep and strychnine (STR, 2.5 mg/kg, i.p.) induced seizures were determined. ME was further tested on picrotoxin (PIC, 7.5 mg/kg, i.p.) and thiosemicarbazide (TSC, 50 mg/kg, i.p.) induced seizure models. The phytochemical composition of ME was assessed using LC-MS method, as well as its acute toxicity. RESULTS AE and ME significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the duration of seizures in both PTZ and STR models. Their maximal effect was observed at 1 h after administration, though their effect at 120 mg/kg was maintained (p < 0.05) up to 24 h post-treatment. Both extracts significantly (p < 0.01) reduced sleep duration. ME significantly (p < 0.001) increased the latency of rat death on PIC-induced convulsions. In TSC rats, ME significantly (p < 0.001) delayed the latency to the first convulsion, and decreased the duration and frequency of convulsions. ME showed no acute toxicity while its phytochemical screening revealed the presence of two flavonoids (Rutin and Butin), two triterpenoid saponins (Psycotrianoside B and Bauerenone) and four alkaloids (10-Hydroxy-antirhine, 10-hydroxy-iso-deppeaninol, Emetine and Hodkinsine). In conclusion, AE and ME from the stem bark of P. camptopus have comparable anticonvulsant properties. The effect of ME is likely due to the presence of flavonoids and alkaloid and the activation of GABA pathway. These results further justify and support the use of P. camptopus in traditional medicine for the treatment of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliance Romain Fokoua
- Research Unit of Neuro-Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon; Fondation Alango, Center for African Phytomedicine, P.O. Box, 371, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Magloire K Ndjenda
- Research Unit of Neuro-Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Adeline Kaptué Wuyt
- Research Unit of Neuro-Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Francis Desire Tatsinkou Bomba
- Research Unit of Neuro-Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Appolinaire Kene Dongmo
- Laboratory of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon; Fondation Alango, Center for African Phytomedicine, P.O. Box, 371, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Rodolphe Chouna
- Laboratory of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon; Fondation Alango, Center for African Phytomedicine, P.O. Box, 371, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Pepin Alango Nkeng-Efouet
- Laboratory of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon; Fondation Alango, Center for African Phytomedicine, P.O. Box, 371, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Télesphore Benoît Nguelefack
- Research Unit of Neuro-Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
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