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Nerli R, Ghagane S. Urinary tumor markers in prostate cancer. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY 2017. [DOI: 10.4103/jss.jss_1_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Pentyala S, Whyard T, Pentyala S, Muller J, Pfail J, Parmar S, Helguero CG, Khan S. Prostate cancer markers: An update. Biomed Rep 2016; 4:263-268. [PMID: 26998261 DOI: 10.3892/br.2016.586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most common noncutaneous malignancy in American men, prostate cancer currently accounts for 29% of all diagnosed cancers, and ranks second as the cause of cancer fatality in American men. Prostatic cancer is rarely symptomatic early in its course and therefore disease presentation often implies local extension or even metastatic disease. Thus, it is extremely critical to detect and diagnose prostate cancer in its earliest stages, often prior to the presentation of symptoms. Three of the most common techniques used to detect prostate cancer are the digital rectal exam, the transrectal ultrasound, and the use of biomarkers. This review presents an update regarding the field of prostate cancer biomarkers and comments on future biomarkers. Although there is not a lack of research in the field of prostate cancer biomarkers, the discovery of a novel biomarker that may have the advantage of being more specific and effective warrants future scientific inquiry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Pentyala
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Urology, Stony Brook Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Health Sciences, Stony Brook Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Physiology, Stony Brook Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Terry Whyard
- Department of Urology, Stony Brook Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Sahana Pentyala
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - John Muller
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - John Pfail
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Sunjit Parmar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Carlos G Helguero
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Sardar Khan
- Department of Urology, Stony Brook Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Physiology, Stony Brook Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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