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Udaypal, Goswami RK, Mehariya S, Verma P. Advances in microalgae-based carbon sequestration: Current status and future perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 249:118397. [PMID: 38309563 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
The advancement in carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration technology has received significant attention due to the adverse effects of CO2 on climate. The mitigation of the adverse effects of CO2 can be accomplished through its conversion into useful products or renewable fuels. In this regard, microalgae is a promising candidate due to its high photosynthesis efficiency, sustainability, and eco-friendly nature. Microalgae utilizes CO2 in the process of photosynthesis and generates biomass that can be utilized to produce various valuable products such as supplements, chemicals, cosmetics, biofuels, and other value-added products. However, at present microalgae cultivation is still restricted to producing value-added products due to high cultivation costs and lower CO2 sequestration efficiency of algal strains. Therefore, it is very crucial to develop novel techniques that can be cost-effective and enhance microalgal carbon sequestration efficiency. The main aim of the present manuscript is to explain how to optimize microalgal CO2 sequestration, integrate valuable product generation, and explore novel techniques like genetic manipulations, phytohormones, quantum dots, and AI tools to enhance the efficiency of CO2 sequestration. Additionally, this review provides an overview of the mass flow of different microalgae and their biorefinery, life cycle assessment (LCA) for achieving net-zero CO2 emissions, and the advantages, challenges, and future perspectives of current technologies. All of the reviewed approaches efficiently enhance microalgal CO2 sequestration and integrate value-added compound production, creating a green and economically profitable process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udaypal
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory (BPBEL), Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Rahul Kumar Goswami
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory (BPBEL), Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Sanjeet Mehariya
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar
| | - Pradeep Verma
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory (BPBEL), Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India.
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Wang M, Zhang W, He T, Rong L, Yang Q. Degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aquatic environments by a symbiotic system consisting of algae and bacteria: green and sustainable technology. Arch Microbiol 2023; 206:10. [PMID: 38059992 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03734-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are genotoxic, carcinogenic, and persistent in the environment and are therefore of great concern in the environmental protection field. Due to the inherent recalcitrance, persistence and nonreactivity of PAHs, they are difficult to remediate via traditional water treatment methods. In recent years, microbial remediation has been widely used as an economical and environmentally friendly degradation technology for the treatment of PAH-contaminated water. Various bacterial and microalgal strains are capable of potentially degrading or transforming PAHs through intrinsic metabolic pathways. However, their biodegradation potential is limited by the cytotoxic effects of petroleum hydrocarbons, unfavourable environmental conditions, and biometabolic limitations. To address this limitation, microbial communities, biochemical pathways, enzyme systems, gene organization, and genetic regulation related to PAH degradation have been intensively investigated. The advantages of algal-bacterial cocultivation have been explored, and the limitations of PAHs degradation by monocultures of algae or bacteria have been overcome by algal-bacterial interactions. Therefore, a new model consisting of a "microalgal-bacterial consortium" is becoming a new management strategy for the effective degradation and removal of PAHs. This review first describes PAH pollution control technologies (physical remediation, chemical remediation, bioremediation, etc.) and proposes an algal-bacterial symbiotic system for the degradation of PAHs by analysing the advantages, disadvantages, and PAH degradation performance in this system to fill existing research gaps. Additionally, an algal-bacterial system is systematically developed, and the effects of environmental conditions are explored to optimize the degradation process and improve its technical feasibility. The aim of this paper is to provide readers with an effective green and sustainable remediation technology for removing PAHs from aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources & Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources & Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Lingyun Rong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources & Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources & Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
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Protein potential of Desmodesmus asymmetricus grown in greenhouse as an alternative food source for aquaculture. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:92. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03275-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Prabha S, Vijay AK, Paul RR, George B. Cyanobacterial biorefinery: Towards economic feasibility through the maximum valorization of biomass. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 814:152795. [PMID: 34979226 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are well known for their plethora of applications in the fields of food industry, pharmaceuticals and bioenergy. Their simple growth requirements, remarkable growth rate and the ability to produce a wide range of bio-active compounds enable them to act as an efficient biorefinery for the production of valuable metabolites. Most of the cyanobacteria based biorefineries are targeting single products and thus fails to meet the efficient valorization of biomass. On the other hand, multiple products recovering cyanobacterial biorefineries can efficiently valorize the biomass with minimum to zero waste generation. But there are plenty of bottlenecks and challenges allied with cyanobacterial biorefineries. Most of them are being associated with the production processes and downstream strategies, which are difficult to manage economically. There is a need to propose new solutions to eliminate these tailbacks so on to elevate the cyanobacterial biorefinery to be an economically feasible, minimum waste generating multiproduct biorefinery. Cost-effective approaches implemented from production to downstream processing without affecting the quality of products will be beneficial for attaining economic viability. The integrated approaches in cultivation systems as well as downstream processing, by simplifying individual processes to unit operation systems can obviously increase the economic feasibility to a certain extent. Low cost approaches for biomass production, multiparameter optimization and successive sequential retrieval of multiple value-added products according to their high to low market value from a biorefinery is possible. The nanotechnological approaches in cyanobacterial biorefineries make it one step closer to the goal. The current review gives an overview of strategies used for constructing self-sustainable- economically feasible- minimum waste generating; multiple products based cyanobacterial biorefineries by the efficient valorization of biomass. Also the possibility of uplifting new cyanobacterial strains for biorefineries is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syama Prabha
- Department of Botany, CMS College (Autonomous), Kottayam 686001. Kerala, India
| | - Aravind K Vijay
- Department of Botany, CMS College (Autonomous), Kottayam 686001. Kerala, India
| | - Rony Rajan Paul
- Department of Chemistry, CMS College (Autonomous), Kottayam 686001. Kerala, India
| | - Basil George
- Department of Botany, CMS College (Autonomous), Kottayam 686001. Kerala, India.
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de Carvalho Silvello MA, Severo Gonçalves I, Patrícia Held Azambuja S, Silva Costa S, Garcia Pereira Silva P, Oliveira Santos L, Goldbeck R. Microalgae-based carbohydrates: A green innovative source of bioenergy. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126304. [PMID: 34752879 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae contribute significantly to the global carbon cycle through photosynthesis. Given their ability to efficiently convert solar energy and atmospheric carbon dioxide into chemical compounds, such as carbohydrates, and generate oxygen during the process, microalgae represent an excellent and feasible carbohydrate bioresource. Microalgae-based biofuels are technically viable and, delineate a green and innovative field of opportunity for bioenergy exploitation. Microalgal polysaccharides are one of the most versatile groups for biotechnological applications and its content can be increased by manipulating cultivation conditions. Microalgal carbohydrates can be used to produce a variety of biofuels, including bioethanol, biobutanol, biomethane, and biohydrogen. This review provides an overview of microalgal carbohydrates, focusing on their use as feedstock for biofuel production, highlighting the carbohydrate metabolism and approaches for their enhancement. Moreover, biofuels produced from microalgal carbohydrate are showed, in addition to a new bibliometric study of current literature on microalgal carbohydrates and their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Augusta de Carvalho Silvello
- Bioprocess and Metabolic Engineering Laboratory, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Igor Severo Gonçalves
- Bioprocess and Metabolic Engineering Laboratory, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Suéllen Patrícia Held Azambuja
- Bioprocess and Metabolic Engineering Laboratory, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Sharlene Silva Costa
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Pedro Garcia Pereira Silva
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Lucielen Oliveira Santos
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Rosana Goldbeck
- Bioprocess and Metabolic Engineering Laboratory, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil.
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Su Y. Revisiting carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus metabolisms in microalgae for wastewater treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 762:144590. [PMID: 33360454 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Threats posed to humans - including environmental pollution, water scarcity, food shortages, and resource crises drive a new concept to think about wastewater and its treatment. Wastewater is not only a waste but also a source of energy, renewable and/or non-renewable resources, including water itself. The nutrient in wastewater should not only be removed but also need to be upcycled. Microalgae based wastewater treatment has attracted considerable interests because algae have the potential to efficiently redirect nutrients from wastewater to the accumulated algal biomass. Additionally, microalgae are commercialized in human consumption and animal feed owing to their high content of essential amino and fatty acids, vitamins, and pigments. The whole process establishes a circular economy, totally relying on the ability of microalgae to uptake and store nutrients in wastewater, such as carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P). It makes the study of the mechanisms underlying the uptake and storage of nutrients in microalgae of great interest. This review specifically aims to summarize C, N, and P metabolisms in microalgae for a better understanding of the microalgae-based wastewater treatment from the nutrient uptake pathway, and examine the key physiological factors or the operating conditions related to nutrient metabolisms that may affect the treatment efficiency. At last, I discuss the potential approaches to enhance the overall treatment performance by adjusting the critical parameters for C, N, and P metabolisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Su
- Carlsberg Research Laboratory, Bjerregaardsvej 5, 2500 Valby, Denmark.
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Estrada-Graf A, Hernández S, Morales M. Biomitigation of CO 2 from flue gas by Scenedesmus obtusiusculus AT-UAM using a hybrid photobioreactor coupled to a biomass recovery stage by electro-coagulation-flotation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:28561-28574. [PMID: 32130637 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08240-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The microalga Scenedesmus obtusiusculus AT-UAM efficiently captured CO2 from two flue gas streams in a hybrid photobioreactor located in a greenhouse. Uptake rates of CO2, NO, and SO2 from a formulated gas stream were 160.7 mg L-1 day-1, 0.73 mg L-1 day-1, and 1.56 mg L-1 day-1, respectively, with removal efficiencies of 100% for all gases. Exhaust gases of a motor generator were also removed with uptake rates of 111.4 mg L-1 day-1, 0.42 mg L-1 day-1, and 0.98 mg L-1 day-1, obtaining removal efficiencies of 77%, 71%, and 53% for CO2, NOx, and SO2, respectively. On average, 61% of the CO2 from both flue gas streams was assimilated as microalgal biomass. The maximum CO2 uptake rate of 182 mg L-1 day-1 was achieved for formulated flue gas flow rate above 100 mL min-1. The biomass recovery of 88% was achieved using a 20-L electro-coagulation-flotation chamber coupled to a settler with a low specific power consumption of 0.27 kWh kg-1. The photobioreactor was operated for almost 7 months without contamination of invasive species or a decrease in the activity. It is a very encouraging result for long-term operation in flue gas treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Estrada-Graf
- Maestría en Ciencias Naturales e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Cuajimalpa, Av. Vasco de Quiroga 4871, Colonia Santa Fe Cuajimalpa, 05300, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sergio Hernández
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Cuajimalpa, Av. Vasco de Quiroga 4871, Colonia Santa Fe Cuajimalpa, 05300, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcia Morales
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Cuajimalpa, Av. Vasco de Quiroga 4871, Colonia Santa Fe Cuajimalpa, 05300, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Tuantet K, Temmink H, Zeeman G, Wijffels RH, Buisman CJ, Janssen M. Optimization of algae production on urine. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Gao X, Kong B, Vigil RD. Simulation of algal photobioreactors: recent developments and challenges. Biotechnol Lett 2018; 40:1311-1327. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-018-2595-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Gao X, Kong B, Vigil RD. Multiphysics simulation of algal growth in an airlift photobioreactor: Effects of fluid mixing and shear stress. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 251:75-83. [PMID: 29272771 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A multiphysics model has been developed to predict the effects of fluid mixing and shear stress on microalgal growth in an airlift photobioreactor. The model integrates multiphase flow dynamics, radiation transport, shear stress, and algal growth kinetics using an Eulerian approach. The model is first validated by comparing its predictions with experimental data, and then the radiation transport and algal growth kinetics submodels are added to predict biomass accumulation under different flow conditions. The simulations correctly predict biomass growth curves for a wide range of superficial gas flow rates and demonstrate that biomass productivity increases with increased gas flow rate due to better light delivery to microorganisms. However, at the higher gas flow rates considered, shear stress on microorganisms inhibits biomass growth. Lastly, it is shown that the Eulerian approach used here provides a less cumbersome computational approach and provides better predictions than the circulation time and Lagrangian approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Gao
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States.
| | - Bo Kong
- Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - R Dennis Vigil
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States.
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Morales M, Sánchez L, Revah S. The impact of environmental factors on carbon dioxide fixation by microalgae. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2017; 365:4705896. [DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnx262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Morales
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Av. Vasco de Quiroga 4871, colonia Santa Fe Cuajimalpa, CP 05300, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - León Sánchez
- Doctorado en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, CP 09340, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Sergio Revah
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Av. Vasco de Quiroga 4871, colonia Santa Fe Cuajimalpa, CP 05300, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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de Vree JH, Bosma R, Wieggers R, Gegic S, Janssen M, Barbosa MJ, Wijffels RH. Turbidostat operation of outdoor pilot-scale photobioreactors. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Matamoros V, Rodríguez Y. Batch vs continuous-feeding operational mode for the removal of pesticides from agricultural run-off by microalgae systems: A laboratory scale study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 309:126-132. [PMID: 26882523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae-based water treatment technologies have been used in recent years to treat different water effluents, but their effectiveness for removing pesticides from agricultural run-off has not yet been addressed. This paper assesses the effect of microalgae in pesticide removal, as well as the influence of different operation strategies (continuous vs batch feeding). The following pesticides were studied: mecoprop, atrazine, simazine, diazinone, alachlor, chlorfenvinphos, lindane, malathion, pentachlorobenzene, chlorpyrifos, endosulfan and clofibric acid (tracer). 2L batch reactors and 5L continuous reactors were spiked to 10 μg L(-1) of each pesticide. Additionally, three different hydraulic retention times (HRTs) were assessed (2, 4 and 8 days) in the continuous feeding reactors. The batch-feeding experiments demonstrated that the presence of microalgae increased the efficiency of lindane, alachlor and chlorpyrifos by 50%. The continuous feeding reactors had higher removal efficiencies than the batch reactors for pentachlorobenzene, chlorpyrifos and lindane. Whilst longer HRTs increased the technology's effectiveness, a low HRT of 2 days was capable of removing malathion, pentachlorobenzene, chlorpyrifos, and endosulfan by up to 70%. This study suggests that microalgae-based treatment technologies can be an effective alternative for removing pesticides from agricultural run-off.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Matamoros
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona, 18-26, Barcelona E-08034, Spain.
| | - Yolanda Rodríguez
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona, 18-26, Barcelona E-08034, Spain
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