Extraction, nutrition, functionality and commercial applications of canola proteins as an underutilized plant protein source for human nutrition

Study of the effect of canola proteins-xanthan based Pickering emulsion as animal fat replacer in a food matrix produced from mechanically separated meat

Pickering emulsions stabilized by protein microgel, and hydrocolloid have shown desirable properties to be used as animal fat replacers. However, the potential applications of these structures as animal fat replacers in meat systems formulations have not been explored yet. Therefore, novel Pickering emulsions stabilized by canola proteins microgels and xanthan gum were developed, and their potential as animal fat replacer in meat systems was assessed for the first time. In the present study, 25, 50, 75, and 100% animal fat content were replaced by Pickering emulsion. Moreover, the obtained results revealed that complete fat replacement with canola proteins-based Pickering emulsion in meat emulsion improved its nutritional value by significantly enhancing the percentage of protein, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid composition, and reduction of saturated fatty acid content compared to control (100% animal fat). Reformulation with PEs enhanced the meat systems' technological behavior such as emulsion stability and cooking loss, and oxidative stability. Also, significant total color difference (ΔE *) was observed only in samples with 100% fat replacement. Meat systems containing fat replacement ≤50% showed the closest texture parameters to the control sample. This study provides a promising alternative to replace animal fat with plant-based ingredients in meat systems.

Effect of rapeseed meal degraded by enzymolysis and fermentation on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and health status of broilers

The purpose of this study is to investigate the nutritional changes of degraded rapeseed meal and its effects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and health status of broilers. Raw rapeseed meal (CON), degraded by enzymolysis (protease, ERM), fermentation (Bacillus subtilis, FRM) or both (DRM) were included in diets at 25% and fed to 480 yellow-feathered broilers at 22-63 d of age. Results showed that rapeseed peptide contents (≤1 kDa) were increased (p < 0.05) from 4.13% (CON) to 35.5% (ERM), 24.1% (FRM) and 50.4% (DRM); glucosinolate and erucic acid in DRM were decreased (p < 0.05) by 71.6% and 86.2%, respectively, compared to CON. There were increases (p ≤ 0.029) in feed intake, body weight gain, feed efficiency and precaecal digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, cysteine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, threonine, tryptophan and valine in the three degraded diets. Also, serum immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgG, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase were raised (p ≤ 0.034) in the degraded diets. Additionally, DRM showed more pronounced effects (p < 0.05) on variables related to growth, digestibility and health than ERM and FRM. It is concluded that rapeseed meal degraded by both enzymolysis and fermentation can increase its nutritional values and application in broilers.