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Brăila AD, Damian CM, Albu CC, Botoacă O, Dȋră LM, Albu ŞD, Brăila MG, Bănățeanu AM, Poalelungi CV, Bogdan-Andreescu CF. Prenatal Diagnosis of Cleft Lip and Palate: A Retrospective Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4804. [PMID: 39200946 PMCID: PMC11355850 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13164804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Cleft lip and/or palate are prevalent congenital anomalies. Early and accurate diagnosis allows proper case management. The Objective: This retrospective cohort study aimed to investigate the association between cleft lip and palate and other congenital anomalies. Methods: This study analyzed 17 pregnancies prenatally diagnosed with cleft lip and palate. The investigations consisted of ultrasound examination, fetal karyotyping through amniocentesis, and family tree analysis. In the presence of an abnormal fetal karyotype, the parental karyotype was also indicated. Results: Of the 17 cases identified, 9 (52.94%) were syndromic and 8 (47.06%) were non-syndromic. The genetic syndromes identified in association with cleft lip and palate in this study included translocation syndrome (one case), Patau syndrome, trisomy 13 (seven cases), and Edwards syndrome, mosaic trisomy 18 (one case). Conclusions: A comprehensive approach ensures a thorough assessment and accurate diagnosis. Early detection and a multidisciplinary approach allow appropriate case management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Daniela Brăila
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.D.B.); (C.M.D.); (L.M.D.)
| | - Constantin Marian Damian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.D.B.); (C.M.D.); (L.M.D.)
| | - Cristina-Crenguţa Albu
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Dentistry, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana Botoacă
- Department of Speciality Disciplines, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-M.B.); (C.F.B.-A.)
| | - Laurențiu Mihai Dȋră
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.D.B.); (C.M.D.); (L.M.D.)
| | - Ştefan-Dimitrie Albu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Matei Georgian Brăila
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Andreea-Mariana Bănățeanu
- Department of Speciality Disciplines, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-M.B.); (C.F.B.-A.)
| | - Cristian-Viorel Poalelungi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Claudia Florina Bogdan-Andreescu
- Department of Speciality Disciplines, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-M.B.); (C.F.B.-A.)
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Roth DM, Piña JO, Raju R, Iben J, Faucz FR, Makareeva E, Leikin S, Graf D, D'Souza RN. Tendon-associated gene expression precedes osteogenesis in mid-palatal suture establishment. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.11.590129. [PMID: 38798531 PMCID: PMC11118303 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.11.590129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Orthodontic maxillary expansion relies on intrinsic mid-palatal suture mechanobiology to induce guided osteogenesis, yet establishment of the mid-palatal suture within the continuous secondary palate and causes of maxillary insufficiency remain poorly understood. In contrast, advances in cranial suture research hold promise to improve surgical repair of prematurely fused cranial sutures in craniosynostosis to potentially restore the obliterated signaling environment and ensure continual success of the intervention. We hypothesized that mid-palatal suture establishment is governed by shared principles with calvarial sutures and involves functional linkage between expanding primary ossification centres with the midline mesenchyme. We characterized establishment of the mid-palatal suture from late embryonic to early postnatal timepoints. Suture establishment was visualized using histological techniques and multimodal transcriptomics. We identified that mid-palatal suture formation depends on a spatiotemporally controlled signalling milieu in which tendon-associated genes play a significant role. We mapped relationships between extracellular matrix-encoding gene expression, tenocyte markers, and novel suture patency candidate genes. We identified similar expression patterns in FaceBase-deposited scRNA-seq datasets from cranial sutures. These findings demonstrate shared biological principles for suture establishment, providing further avenues for future development and understanding of maxillofacial interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela M Roth
- Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jeremie Oliver Piña
- Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Resmi Raju
- Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James Iben
- Molecular Genomics Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fabio R Faucz
- Molecular Genomics Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elena Makareeva
- Section on Physical Biochemistry, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sergey Leikin
- Section on Physical Biochemistry, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel Graf
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Rena N D'Souza
- Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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Rihs S, Parisi L, Lauener A, Mansour F, Schnyder I, Dekany GM, La Scala GC, Katsaros C, Degen M. Reflecting the human lip in vitro: Cleft lip skin and mucosa keratinocytes keep their identities. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38178623 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cell models have shown great promise as tools for research, potentially providing intriguing alternatives to animal models. However, the original tissue characteristics must be maintained in culture, a fact that is often assumed, but seldom assessed. We aimed to follow the retention of the original tissue identities of cleft lip-derived skin and mucosa keratinocytes in vitro. METHODS Cleft lip-derived keratinocytes were isolated from discarded tissue along the cleft margins during cheiloplasty. Cell identities were assessed by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR for tissue-specific markers and compared with native lip tissue. Moreover, keratinocytes were regularly analyzed for the retention of the original tissue characteristics by the aforementioned methods as well as by differentiation assays. RESULTS The various anatomical zones of the human lip could be distinguished using a panel of differentiation and functional-based markers. Using these markers, retention of the original tissue identities could be followed and confirmed in the corresponding primary keratinocytes in culture. CONCLUSIONS Our findings promote patient-derived cells retaining their original identities as astonishing and clinically relevant in vitro tools. Such cells allow a better molecular understanding of various lip-associated pathologies as well as their modeling in vitro, including but not restricted to orofacial clefts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Rihs
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ludovica Parisi
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anic Lauener
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Farah Mansour
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Schnyder
- University Clinic for Pediatric Surgery, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gabriela M Dekany
- University Clinic for Pediatric Surgery, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Giorgio C La Scala
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christos Katsaros
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Degen
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Ruszkowski JJ, Nowacka-Woszuk J, Nowak T, Rozynek J, Serwanska-Leja K, Gogulski M, Kolodziejski P, Switonski M, Zdun M, Szczerbal I. Cleft Lip and Palate in Four Full-Sib Puppies from a Single Litter of Staffordshire Bull Terrier Dogs: An Anatomical and Genetic Study. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2749. [PMID: 37685013 PMCID: PMC10486559 DOI: 10.3390/ani13172749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is a well-known congenital defect in dogs, characterized by abnormal communication between the oral and nasal cavities. Its incidence rate is high and affects all dog breeds. The etiology of CLP is thought to be multifactorial, caused by both genetic and environmental factors. In this study, four puppies out of seven from a single litter of Staffordshire Bull Terrier dogs with craniofacial abnormalities were anatomically and genetically examined. Classical anatomical preparation, dyed-latex-injection of the arterial vessels, and cone-beam computed tomography were used. The puppies showed variations in their observable abnormalities: three of them had a complete cleft of the palate on both sides, while one puppy had a cleft on the right side only. Cytogenetic analysis showed a normal diploid chromosome number (2n = 78,XX or 78,XY) in the studied animals. Known genomic variants of CLP were examined in the ADAMTS20, DLX6, and MYH3 genes, but no mutations were identified. Further studies are needed to identify the breed-specific genetic variants associated with canine CLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub J. Ruszkowski
- Department of Animal Anatomy, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71C, 60-625 Poznan, Poland; (J.J.R.); (K.S.-L.)
| | - Joanna Nowacka-Woszuk
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (J.N.-W.); (T.N.); (J.R.); (M.S.)
| | - Tomasz Nowak
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (J.N.-W.); (T.N.); (J.R.); (M.S.)
| | - Jedrzej Rozynek
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (J.N.-W.); (T.N.); (J.R.); (M.S.)
| | - Katarzyna Serwanska-Leja
- Department of Animal Anatomy, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71C, 60-625 Poznan, Poland; (J.J.R.); (K.S.-L.)
| | - Maciej Gogulski
- Department of Preclinical Sciences and Infectious Diseases, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 35, 60-637 Poznan, Poland;
- University Centre for Veterinary Medicine, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Szydłowska 43, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Pawel Kolodziejski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 35, 60-637 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Marek Switonski
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (J.N.-W.); (T.N.); (J.R.); (M.S.)
| | - Maciej Zdun
- Department of Animal Anatomy, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71C, 60-625 Poznan, Poland; (J.J.R.); (K.S.-L.)
| | - Izabela Szczerbal
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (J.N.-W.); (T.N.); (J.R.); (M.S.)
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Won HJ, Kim JW, Won HS, Shin JO. Gene Regulatory Networks and Signaling Pathways in Palatogenesis and Cleft Palate: A Comprehensive Review. Cells 2023; 12:1954. [PMID: 37566033 PMCID: PMC10416829 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Palatogenesis is a complex and intricate process involving the formation of the palate through various morphogenetic events highly dependent on the surrounding context. These events comprise outgrowth of palatal shelves from embryonic maxillary prominences, their elevation from a vertical to a horizontal position above the tongue, and their subsequent adhesion and fusion at the midline to separate oral and nasal cavities. Disruptions in any of these processes can result in cleft palate, a common congenital abnormality that significantly affects patient's quality of life, despite surgical intervention. Although many genes involved in palatogenesis have been identified through studies on genetically modified mice and human genetics, the precise roles of these genes and their products in signaling networks that regulate palatogenesis remain elusive. Recent investigations have revealed that palatal shelf growth, patterning, adhesion, and fusion are intricately regulated by numerous transcription factors and signaling pathways, including Sonic hedgehog (Shh), bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp), fibroblast growth factor (Fgf), transforming growth factor beta (Tgf-β), Wnt signaling, and others. These studies have also identified a significant number of genes that are essential for palate development. Integrated information from these studies offers novel insights into gene regulatory networks and dynamic cellular processes underlying palatal shelf elevation, contact, and fusion, deepening our understanding of palatogenesis, and facilitating the development of more efficacious treatments for cleft palate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Jin Won
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
- BIT Medical Convergence Graduate Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Kim
- Graduate School of Clinical Dentistry, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Sun Won
- Department of Anatomy, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
- Jesaeng-Euise Clinical Anatomy Center, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Oh Shin
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 33151, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR Project, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 33151, Republic of Korea
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