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Salguero A, Marengo L, Cendán CM, Morón I, Ruiz-Leyva L, Pautassi RM. Ethanol drinking at adulthood is sensitive to S1-R antagonism and is promoted by binge ethanol self-administration at adolescence. Drug Alcohol Depend 2024; 260:111338. [PMID: 38838478 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binge drinking at adolescence is a risk factor for problematic alcohol (ethanol) consumption later in life, yet the murine studies that modelled this phenomenon via ethanol self-administration have provided mixed findings. Antagonism of the sigma-1 receptor (S1-R) system at adolescence modulates ethanol's motivational effects and intake. It is still unknown, however, whether this antagonism would protect against enhanced ethanol intake at adulthood after adolescent binge ethanol exposure. METHODS Exp. 1 and 2 tested adults male or female Wistar rats -exposed or not to ethanol self-administration at adolescence (postnatal days 31-49; nine 2-hour sessions of access to 8-10% ethanol)- for ethanol intake using 24-h two-bottle choice test (Exp. 1) or time restricted, single-bottle, tests (Exp. 2). Experiments 2-5 evaluated, in adolescent or adult rats, the effects of the S1-R antagonist S1RA on ethanol intake and on ethanol-induced conditioned taste or place aversion. Ancillary tests (e.g., novel object recognition, ethanol-induced locomotor activity) were also conducted. RESULTS Adolescent ethanol exposure promoted ethanol consumption at both the restricted, single-bottle, and at the two-bottle choice tests conducted at adulthood. S1RA administration reduced ethanol intake at adulthood and facilitated the development of ethanol-induced taste (but not place) aversion. CONCLUSIONS S1RA holds promise for lessening ethanol intake after chronic and substantial ethanol exposure in adolescence that results in heightened ethanol exposure at adulthood. This putative protective effect of S1-R antagonism may relate to S1RA exacerbating the aversive effects of this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustín Salguero
- Instituto de Investigación Médica M. y M. Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba C.P. 5000, Argentina
| | - Leonardo Marengo
- Instituto de Investigación Médica M. y M. Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba C.P. 5000, Argentina
| | - Cruz Miguel Cendán
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Center (CIBM) Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada and Biosanitary Research Institute ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain.
| | - Ignacio Morón
- Deparment of Psychobiology. Center of Research, Mind, Brain and Behabior (CIMCYC). University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Leandro Ruiz-Leyva
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Center (CIBM) Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada and Biosanitary Research Institute ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ricardo Marcos Pautassi
- Instituto de Investigación Médica M. y M. Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba C.P. 5000, Argentina; Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba C.P. 5000, Argentina.
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Brocato ER, Easter R, Morgan A, Kakani M, Lee G, Wolstenholme JT. Adolescent binge ethanol impacts H3K9me3-occupancy at synaptic genes and the regulation of oligodendrocyte development. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1389100. [PMID: 38840776 PMCID: PMC11150558 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1389100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Binge drinking in adolescence can disrupt myelination and cause brain structural changes that persist into adulthood. Alcohol consumption at a younger age increases the susceptibility of these changes. Animal models to understand ethanol's actions on myelin and white matter show that adolescent binge ethanol can alter the developmental trajectory of oligodendrocytes, myelin structure, and myelin fiber density. Oligodendrocyte differentiation is epigenetically regulated by H3K9 trimethylation (H3K9me3). Prior studies have shown that adolescent binge ethanol dysregulates H3K9 methylation and decreases H3K9-related gene expression in the PFC. Methods Here, we assessed ethanol-induced changes to H3K9me3 occupancy at genomic loci in the developing adolescent PFC. We further assessed ethanol-induced changes at the transcription level with qPCR time course approaches in oligodendrocyte-enriched cells to assess changes in oligodendrocyte progenitor and oligodendrocytes specifically. Results Adolescent binge ethanol altered H3K9me3 regulation of synaptic-related genes and genes specific for glutamate and potassium channels in a sex-specific manner. In PFC tissue, we found an early change in gene expression in transcription factors associated with oligodendrocyte differentiation that may lead to the later significant decrease in myelin-related gene expression. This effect appeared stronger in males. Conclusion Further exploration in oligodendrocyte cell enrichment time course and dose response studies could suggest lasting dysregulation of oligodendrocyte maturation at the transcriptional level. Overall, these studies suggest that binge ethanol may impede oligodendrocyte differentiation required for ongoing myelin development in the PFC by altering H3K9me3 occupancy at synaptic-related genes. We identify potential genes that may be contributing to adolescent binge ethanol-related myelin loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R. Brocato
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Rachel Easter
- Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Alanna Morgan
- Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Meenakshi Kakani
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Grace Lee
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Jennifer T. Wolstenholme
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
- Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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Crews FT, Macht V, Vetreno RP. Epigenetic regulation of microglia and neurons by proinflammatory signaling following adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) exposure and in human AUD. ADVANCES IN DRUG AND ALCOHOL RESEARCH 2024; 4:12094. [PMID: 38524847 PMCID: PMC10957664 DOI: 10.3389/adar.2024.12094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Adolescent alcohol drinking is linked to high rates of adult alcohol problems and alcohol use disorder (AUD). The Neurobiology of Alcohol Drinking in Adulthood (NADIA) consortium adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) models adolescent binge drinking, followed by abstinent maturation to adulthood to determine the persistent AIE changes in neurobiology and behavior. AIE increases adult alcohol drinking and preference, increases anxiety and reward seeking, and disrupts sleep and cognition, all risks for AUD. In addition, AIE induces changes in neuroimmune gene expression in neurons and glia that alter neurocircuitry and behavior. HMGB1 is a unique neuroimmune signal released from neurons and glia by ethanol that activates multiple proinflammatory receptors, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), that spread proinflammatory gene induction. HMGB1 expression is increased by AIE in rat brain and in post-mortem human AUD brain, where it correlates with lifetime alcohol consumption. HMGB1 activation of TLR increase TLR expression. Human AUD brain and rat brain following AIE show increases in multiple TLRs. Brain regional differences in neurotransmitters and cell types impact ethanol responses and neuroimmune gene induction. Microglia are monocyte-like cells that provide trophic and synaptic functions, that ethanol proinflammatory signals sensitize or "prime" during repeated drinking cycles, impacting neurocircuitry. Neurocircuits are differently impacted dependent upon neuronal-glial signaling. Acetylcholine is an anti-inflammatory neurotransmitter. AIE increases HMGB1-TLR4 signaling in forebrain, reducing cholinergic neurons by silencing multiple cholinergic defining genes through upregulation of RE-1 silencing factor (REST), a transcription inhibitor known to regulate neuronal differentiation. HMGB1 REST induction reduces cholinergic neurons in basal forebrain and cholinergic innervation of hippocampus. Adult brain hippocampal neurogenesis is regulated by a neurogenic niche formed from multiple cells. In vivo AIE and in vitro studies find ethanol increases HMGB1-TLR4 signaling and other proinflammatory signaling as well as reducing trophic factors, NGF, and BDNF, coincident with loss of the cholinergic synapse marker vChAT. These changes in gene expression-transcriptomes result in reduced adult neurogenesis. Excitingly, HMGB1 antagonists, anti-inflammatories, and epigenetic modifiers like histone deacetylase inhibitors restore trophic the neurogenesis. These findings suggest anti-inflammatory and epigenetic drugs should be considered for AUD therapy and may provide long-lasting reversal of psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulton T. Crews
- Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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Dazzi L, Sanna F, Talani G, Bassareo V, Biggio F, Follesa P, Pisu MG, Porcu P, Puliga R, Quartu M, Serra M, Serra MP, Sanna E, Acquas E. Binge-like administration of alcohol mixed to energy drinks to male adolescent rats severely impacts on mesocortical dopaminergic function in adulthood: A behavioral, neurochemical and electrophysiological study. Neuropharmacology 2024; 243:109786. [PMID: 37952712 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence indicates that the practice of consuming alcohol mixed with energy drinks (ED) (AMED) in a binge drinking pattern is significantly diffusing among the adolescent population. This behavior, aimed at increasing the intake of alcohol, raises serious concerns about its long-term effects. Epidemiological studies suggest that AMED consumption might increase vulnerability to alcohol abuse and have a gating effect on the use of illicit drugs. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is involved in the modulation of the reinforcing effects of alcohol and of impulsive behavior and plays a key role in the development of addiction. In our study, we used a binge-like protocol of administration of alcohol, ED, or AMED in male adolescent rats, to mimic the binge-like intake behavior observed in humans, in order to evaluate whether these treatments could differentially affect the function of mesocortical dopaminergic neurons in adulthood. We did so by measuring: i) physiological sensorimotor gating; ii) voluntary alcohol consumption and dopamine transmission before, during, and after presentation of alcohol; iii) electrophysiological activity of VTA dopaminergic neurons and their sensitivity to a challenge with alcohol. Our results indicate that exposure to alcohol, ED, or AMED during adolescence induces differential adaptive changes in the function of mesocortical dopaminergic neurons and, in particular, that AMED exposure decreases their sensitivity to external stimuli, possibly laying the foundation for the altered behaviors observed in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Dazzi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria Monserrato, SS 554 - bivio per Sestu, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Sanna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria Monserrato, SS 554 - bivio per Sestu, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Talani
- Institute of Neuroscience - National Research Council (C.N.R.) of Italy, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Valentina Bassareo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria Monserrato, SS 554 - bivio per Sestu, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesca Biggio
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria Monserrato, SS 554 - bivio per Sestu, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Paolo Follesa
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria Monserrato, SS 554 - bivio per Sestu, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Giuseppina Pisu
- Institute of Neuroscience - National Research Council (C.N.R.) of Italy, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Patrizia Porcu
- Institute of Neuroscience - National Research Council (C.N.R.) of Italy, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Roberta Puliga
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria Monserrato, SS 554 - bivio per Sestu, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marina Quartu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria Monserrato, SS 554 - bivio per Sestu, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mariangela Serra
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria Monserrato, SS 554 - bivio per Sestu, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Pina Serra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria Monserrato, SS 554 - bivio per Sestu, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Enrico Sanna
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria Monserrato, SS 554 - bivio per Sestu, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; Institute of Neuroscience - National Research Council (C.N.R.) of Italy, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Elio Acquas
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria Monserrato, SS 554 - bivio per Sestu, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
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Lodha J, Brocato ER, Nash M, Marcus MM, Pais AC, Pais AB, Miles MF, Wolstenholme JT. Adolescent social housing protects against adult emotional and cognitive deficits and alters the PFC and NAc transcriptome in male and female C57BL/6J mice. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1287584. [PMID: 38130694 PMCID: PMC10733512 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1287584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Adolescence is a critical period in cognitive and emotional development, characterized by high levels of social interaction and increases in risk-taking behavior including binge drinking. Adolescent exposure to social stress and binge ethanol have individually been associated with the development of social, emotional, and cognitive deficits, as well as increased risk for alcohol use disorder. Disruption of cortical development by early life social stress and/or binge drinking may partly underlie these enduring emotional, cognitive, and behavioral effects. The study goal is to implement a novel neighbor housing environment to identify the effects of adolescent neighbor housing and/or binge ethanol drinking on (1) a battery of emotional and cognitive tasks (2) adult ethanol drinking behavior, and (3) the nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex transcriptome. Methods Adolescent male and female C57BL/6J mice were single or neighbor housed with or without access to intermittent ethanol. One cohort underwent behavioral testing during adulthood to determine social preference, expression of anxiety-like behavior, cognitive performance, and patterns of ethanol intake. The second cohort was sacrificed in late adolescence and brain tissue was used for transcriptomics analysis. Results As adults, single housed mice displayed decreased social interaction, deficits in the novel object recognition task, and increased anxiety-like behavior, relative to neighbor-housed mice. There was no effect of housing condition on adolescent or adult ethanol consumption. Adolescent ethanol exposure did not alter adult ethanol intake. Transcriptomics analysis revealed that adolescent housing condition and ethanol exposure resulted in differential expression of genes related to synaptic plasticity in the nucleus accumbens and genes related to methylation, the extracellular matrix and inflammation in the prefrontal cortex. Discussion The behavioral results indicate that social interaction during adolescence via the neighbor housing model may protect against emotional, social, and cognitive deficits. In addition, the transcriptomics results suggest that these behavioral alterations may be mediated in part by dysregulation of transcription in the frontal cortex or the nucleus accumbens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Lodha
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Emily R. Brocato
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - McKenzie Nash
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Madison M. Marcus
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - A. Chris Pais
- VCU Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Alex B. Pais
- VCU Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Michael F. Miles
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
- VCU Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Jennifer Theresa Wolstenholme
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
- VCU Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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Zheng Q, Wang H, Yan A, Yin F, Qiao X. DNA Methylation in Alcohol Use Disorder. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10130. [PMID: 37373281 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive drinking damages the central nervous system of individuals and can even cause alcohol use disorder (AUD). AUD is regulated by both genetic and environmental factors. Genes determine susceptibility to alcohol, and the dysregulation of epigenome drives the abnormal transcription program and promotes the occurrence and development of AUD. DNA methylation is one of the earliest and most widely studied epigenetic mechanisms that can be inherited stably. In ontogeny, DNA methylation pattern is a dynamic process, showing differences and characteristics at different stages. DNA dysmethylation is prevalent in human cancer and alcohol-related psychiatric disorders, resulting in local hypermethylation and transcriptional silencing of related genes. Here, we summarize recent findings on the roles and regulatory mechanisms of DNA methylation, the development of methyltransferase inhibitors, methylation alteration during alcohol exposure at different stages of life, and possible therapeutic options for targeting methylation in human and animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingmeng Zheng
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - An Yan
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Fangyuan Yin
- School of Medicine, College of Forensic Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiaomeng Qiao
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Genetic Addiction Risk Severity Assessment Identifies Polymorphic Reward Genes as Antecedents to Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) Hypodopaminergia's Effect on Addictive and Non-Addictive Behaviors in a Nuclear Family. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12111864. [PMID: 36579592 PMCID: PMC9694640 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12111864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This case series presents the novel genetic addiction risk score (GARS), which shows a high prevalence of polymorphic risk alleles of reward genes in a nuclear family with multiple reward deficiency syndrome (RDS) behavioral issues expressing a hypodopaminergic antecedent. The family consists of a mother, father, son, and daughter. The mother experienced issues with focus, memory, anger, and amotivational syndrome. The father experienced weight issues and depression. The son experienced heavy drinking, along with some drug abuse and anxiety. The daughter experienced depression, lethargy, brain fog, focus issues, and anxiety, among others. A major clinical outcome of the results presented to the family members helped reduce personal guilt and augment potential hope for future healing. Our laboratory's prior research established that carriers of four or more alleles measured by GARS (DRD1-DRD4, DAT1, MOR, GABABR3, COMT, MAOAA, and 5HTLPR) are predictive of the addiction severity index (ASI) for drug abuse, and carriers of seven or more alleles are predictive of severe alcoholism. This generational case series shows the impact that genetic information has on reducing stigma and guilt in a nuclear family struggling with RDS behaviors. The futuristic plan is to introduce an appropriate DNA-guided "pro-dopamine regulator" into the recovery and enhancement of life.
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