1
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Stjepić V, Nakamura M, Hui J, Parkhurst SM. Two Septin complexes mediate actin dynamics during cell wound repair. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114215. [PMID: 38728140 PMCID: PMC11203717 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cells have robust wound repair systems to prevent further damage or infection and to quickly restore cell cortex integrity when exposed to mechanical and chemical stress. Actomyosin ring formation and contraction at the wound edge are major events during closure of the plasma membrane and underlying cytoskeleton during cell wound repair. Here, we show that all five Drosophila Septins are required for efficient cell wound repair. Based on their different recruitment patterns and knockdown/mutant phenotypes, two distinct Septin complexes, Sep1/Sep2/Pnut and Sep4/Sep5/Pnut, are assembled to regulate actin ring assembly, contraction, and remodeling during the repair process. Intriguingly, we find that these two Septin complexes have different F-actin bending activities. In addition, we find that Anillin regulates the recruitment of only one of two Septin complexes upon wounding. Our results demonstrate that two functionally distinct Septin complexes work side by side to discretely regulate actomyosin ring dynamics during cell wound repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Stjepić
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Mitsutoshi Nakamura
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Justin Hui
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Susan M Parkhurst
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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2
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Suber Y, Spiliotis ET. Reconstitution of Neuronal Motor Traffic on Septin-Associated Microtubules. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2794:79-94. [PMID: 38630222 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3810-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Reconstitution of intracellular transport in cell-free in vitro assays enables the understanding and dissection of the molecular mechanisms that underlie membrane traffic. Using total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy and microtubules, which are immobilized to a functionalized glass surface, the kinetic properties of single kinesin molecules can be imaged and analyzed in the presence or absence of microtubule-associated proteins. Here, we describe methods for the in vitro reconstitution of the motility of the neuronal kinesin motor KIF1A on microtubules associated with heteromeric septin (SEPT2/6/7) complexes. This method can be adapted for various neuronal septin complexes and kinesin motors, leading to new insights into the spatial regulation of neuronal membrane traffic by microtubule-associated septins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yani Suber
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elias T Spiliotis
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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3
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Stjepić V, Nakamura M, Hui J, Parkhurst SM. Two Septin Complexes Mediate Actin Dynamics During Cell Wound Repair. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.14.567084. [PMID: 38014090 PMCID: PMC10680708 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.14.567084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Cells have robust wound repair systems to prevent further damage or infection and to quickly restore cell cortex integrity when exposed to mechanical and chemical stress. Actomyosin ring formation and contraction at the wound edge are major events during closure of the plasma membrane and underlying cytoskeleton during cell wound repair. Here, we show that all five Drosophila Septins are required for efficient cell wound repair. Based on their different recruitment patterns and knockdown/mutant phenotypes, two distinct Septin complexes, Sep1-Sep2-Pnut and Sep4-Sep5-Pnut, are assembled to regulate actin ring assembly, contraction, and remodeling during the repair process. Intriguingly, we find that these two Septin complexes have different F-actin bending activities. In addition, we find that Anillin regulates the recruitment of only one of two Septin complexes upon wounding. Our results demonstrate that two functionally distinct Septin complexes work side-by-side to discretely regulate actomyosin ring dynamics during cell wound repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Stjepić
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA 98109
| | - Mitsutoshi Nakamura
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA 98109
| | - Justin Hui
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA 98109
| | - Susan M. Parkhurst
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA 98109
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4
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de Freitas Fernandes A, Leonardo DA, Cavini IA, Rosa HVD, Vargas JA, D'Muniz Pereira H, Nascimento AS, Garratt RC. Conservation and divergence of the G-interfaces of Drosophila melanogaster septins. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2023; 80:153-168. [PMID: 36576069 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Septins possess a conserved guanine nucleotide-binding (G) domain that participates in the stabilization of organized hetero-oligomeric complexes which assemble into filaments, rings and network-like structures. The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, has five such septin genes encoding Sep1, Sep2, Sep4, Sep5 and Pnut. Here, we report the crystal structure of the heterodimer formed between the G-domains of Sep1 and Sep2, the first from an insect to be described to date. A G-interface stabilizes the dimer (in agreement with the expected arrangement for the Drosophila hexameric particle) and this bears significant resemblance to its human counterparts, even down to the level of individual amino acid interactions. On the other hand, a model for the G-interface formed between the two copies of Pnut which occupy the centre of the hexamer, shows important structural differences, including the loss of a highly favourable bifurcated salt-bridge network. Whereas wild-type Pnut purifies as a monomer, the reintroduction of the salt-bridge network results in stabilizing the dimeric interface in solution as shown by size exclusion chromatography and thermal stability measurements. Adaptive steered molecular dynamics reveals an unzipping mechanism for dimer dissociation which initiates at a point of electrostatic repulsion within the switch II region. Overall, the data contribute to a better understanding of the molecular interactions involved in septin assembly/disassembly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jhon Antoni Vargas
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
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5
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K S V Castro D, V D Rosa H, Mendonça DC, Cavini IA, P U Araujo A, Garratt RC. Dissecting the binding interface of the septin polymerization enhancer Borg BD3. J Mol Biol 2023; 435:168132. [PMID: 37121395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The molecular basis for septin filament assembly has begun to emerge over recent years. These filaments are essential for many septin functions which depend on their association with biological membranes or components of the cytoskeleton. Much less is known about how septins specifically interact with their binding partners. Here we describe the essential role played by the C-terminal domains in both septin polymerization and their association with the BD3 motif of the Borg family of Cdc42 effector proteins. We provide a detailed description, at the molecular level, of a previously reported interaction between BD3 and the NC-interface between SEPT6 and SEPT7. Upon ternary complex formation, the heterodimeric coiled coil formed by the C-terminal domains of the septins becomes stabilized and filament formation is promoted under conditions of ionic strength/protein concentration which are not normally permissible, likely by favouring hexamers over smaller oligomeric states. This demonstrates that binding partners, such as Borg's, have the potential to control filament assembly/disassembly in vivo in a way which can be emulated in vitro by altering the ionic strength. Experimentally validated models indicate that the BD3 peptide lies antiparallel to the coiled coil and is stabilized by a mixture of polar and apolar contacts. At its center, an LGPS motif, common to all human Borg sequences, interacts with charged residues from both helices of the coiled coil (K368 from SEPT7 and the conserved E354 from SEPT6) suggesting a universal mechanism which governs Borg-septin interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle K S V Castro
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil; São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Higor V D Rosa
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Deborah C Mendonça
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Italo A Cavini
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Ana P U Araujo
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Richard C Garratt
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil.
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6
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Iv F, Martins CS, Castro-Linares G, Taveneau C, Barbier P, Verdier-Pinard P, Camoin L, Audebert S, Tsai FC, Ramond L, Llewellyn A, Belhabib M, Nakazawa K, Di Cicco A, Vincentelli R, Wenger J, Cabantous S, Koenderink GH, Bertin A, Mavrakis M. Insights into animal septins using recombinant human septin octamers with distinct SEPT9 isoforms. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs258484. [PMID: 34350965 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Septin GTP-binding proteins contribute essential biological functions that range from the establishment of cell polarity to animal tissue morphogenesis. Human septins in cells form hetero-octameric septin complexes containing the ubiquitously expressed SEPT9 subunit (also known as SEPTIN9). Despite the established role of SEPT9 in mammalian development and human pathophysiology, biochemical and biophysical studies have relied on monomeric SEPT9, thus not recapitulating its native assembly into hetero-octameric complexes. We established a protocol that enabled, for the first time, the isolation of recombinant human septin octamers containing distinct SEPT9 isoforms. A combination of biochemical and biophysical assays confirmed the octameric nature of the isolated complexes in solution. Reconstitution studies showed that octamers with either a long or a short SEPT9 isoform form filament assemblies, and can directly bind and cross-link actin filaments, raising the possibility that septin-decorated actin structures in cells reflect direct actin-septin interactions. Recombinant SEPT9-containing octamers will make it possible to design cell-free assays to dissect the complex interactions of septins with cell membranes and the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francois Iv
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS UMR7249, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Carla Silva Martins
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS UMR7249, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Gerard Castro-Linares
- Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Cyntia Taveneau
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 168, Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Australia; Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, 3800 Clayton, Australia
| | - Pascale Barbier
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, UMR 7051, Institut de Neurophysiopathologie (INP), 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Pascal Verdier-Pinard
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Luc Camoin
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Marseille Protéomique, Marseille, France
| | - Stéphane Audebert
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Marseille Protéomique, Marseille, France
| | - Feng-Ching Tsai
- Department of Living Matter, AMOLF, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laurie Ramond
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS UMR7249, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Alex Llewellyn
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS UMR7249, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Mayssa Belhabib
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS UMR7249, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Koyomi Nakazawa
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 168, Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Di Cicco
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 168, Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Renaud Vincentelli
- Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques (AFMB), CNRS UMR7257, Aix Marseille Univ, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Jerome Wenger
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS UMR7249, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Stéphanie Cabantous
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III, CNRS, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Gijsje H Koenderink
- Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
- Department of Living Matter, AMOLF, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aurélie Bertin
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 168, Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Manos Mavrakis
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS UMR7249, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, 13013 Marseille, France
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7
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Chen F, Yan B, Ren J, Lyu R, Wu Y, Guo Y, Li D, Zhang H, Hu J. FIT2 organizes lipid droplet biogenesis with ER tubule-forming proteins and septins. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:211999. [PMID: 33861319 PMCID: PMC8056755 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201907183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are critical for lipid storage and energy metabolism. LDs form in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). However, the molecular basis for LD biogenesis remains elusive. Here, we show that fat storage–inducing transmembrane protein 2 (FIT2) interacts with ER tubule-forming proteins Rtn4 and REEP5. The association is mainly transmembrane domain based and stimulated by oleic acid. Depletion of ER tubule-forming proteins decreases the number and size of LDs in cells and Caenorhabditis elegans, mimicking loss of FIT2. Through cytosolic loops, FIT2 binds to cytoskeletal protein septin 7, an interaction that is also required for normal LD biogenesis. Depletion of ER tubule-forming proteins or septins delays nascent LD formation. In addition, FIT2-interacting proteins are up-regulated during adipocyte differentiation, and ER tubule-forming proteins, septin 7, and FIT2 are transiently enriched at LD formation sites. Thus, FIT2-mediated nascent LD biogenesis is facilitated by ER tubule-forming proteins and septins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Yan
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Ren
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Lyu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfang Wu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Guo
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Li
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junjie Hu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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8
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Szuba A, Bano F, Castro-Linares G, Iv F, Mavrakis M, Richter RP, Bertin A, Koenderink GH. Membrane binding controls ordered self-assembly of animal septins. eLife 2021; 10:63349. [PMID: 33847563 PMCID: PMC8099429 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Septins are conserved cytoskeletal proteins that regulate cell cortex mechanics. The mechanisms of their interactions with the plasma membrane remain poorly understood. Here, we show by cell-free reconstitution that binding to flat lipid membranes requires electrostatic interactions of septins with anionic lipids and promotes the ordered self-assembly of fly septins into filamentous meshworks. Transmission electron microscopy reveals that both fly and mammalian septin hexamers form arrays of single and paired filaments. Atomic force microscopy and quartz crystal microbalance demonstrate that the fly filaments form mechanically rigid, 12- to 18-nm thick, double layers of septins. By contrast, C-terminally truncated septin mutants form 4-nm thin monolayers, indicating that stacking requires the C-terminal coiled coils on DSep2 and Pnut subunits. Our work shows that membrane binding is required for fly septins to form ordered arrays of single and paired filaments and provides new insights into the mechanisms by which septins may regulate cell surface mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Szuba
- AMOLF, Department of Living Matter, Biological Soft Matter group, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Fouzia Bano
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Bragg Centre for Materials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Gerard Castro-Linares
- AMOLF, Department of Living Matter, Biological Soft Matter group, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Francois Iv
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Manos Mavrakis
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Ralf P Richter
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Bragg Centre for Materials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Aurélie Bertin
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Gijsje H Koenderink
- AMOLF, Department of Living Matter, Biological Soft Matter group, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
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9
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Biophysical Analysis of Schistosoma mansoni Septins. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2151:197-210. [PMID: 32452006 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0635-3_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Septins are dynamic filament-forming proteins that are recognized as important components of the cytoskeleton and are involved in numerous functions inside the cells, such as cytokinesis, exocytosis, and ciliogenesis and even in defense against pathogenic bacteria. Despite being highly conserved in eukaryotes, there is scarce literature on the role of septins in organisms other than humans and yeast. Therefore, septins from Schistosoma mansoni represent an interesting model to study an unexplored branch of this protein family. Here we described standard protocols for recombinant production and initial characterization of septins from S. mansoni. Septins are notably difficult to purify, mostly due to their tendency to assemble into filaments. Therefore, specific protocols to stabilize these proteins have been developed. In this chapter, we systematically describe protocols to clone, express, and purify schistosome septins. We also describe the use of circular dichroism to assess the folding and stability of septins and use of chromatography to characterize their oligomeric state, bound guanine nucleotide, and GTP hydrolysis. We expect that these protocols may help researchers involved in the study of schistosome septins as well as assist to establish protocols for septins from other organisms.
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10
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Farrugia AJ, Rodríguez J, Orgaz JL, Lucas M, Sanz-Moreno V, Calvo F. CDC42EP5/BORG3 modulates SEPT9 to promote actomyosin function, migration, and invasion. J Cell Biol 2020; 219:e201912159. [PMID: 32798219 PMCID: PMC7480113 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201912159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Fast amoeboid migration is critical for developmental processes and can be hijacked by cancer cells to enhance metastatic dissemination. This migratory behavior is tightly controlled by high levels of actomyosin contractility, but how it is coupled to other cytoskeletal components is poorly understood. Septins are increasingly recognized as novel cytoskeletal components, but details on their regulation and contribution to migration are lacking. Here, we show that the septin regulator Cdc42EP5 is consistently required for amoeboid melanoma cells to invade and migrate into collagen-rich matrices and locally invade and disseminate in vivo. Cdc42EP5 associates with actin structures, leading to increased actomyosin contractility and amoeboid migration. Cdc42EP5 affects these functions through SEPT9-dependent F-actin cross-linking, which enables the generation of F-actin bundles required for the sustained stabilization of highly contractile actomyosin structures. This study provides evidence that Cdc42EP5 is a regulator of cancer cell motility that coordinates actin and septin networks and describes a unique role for SEPT9 in melanoma invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J. Farrugia
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Javier Rodríguez
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Cantabria), Santander, Spain
| | - Jose L. Orgaz
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - María Lucas
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Cantabria), Santander, Spain
| | - Victoria Sanz-Moreno
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Fernando Calvo
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Cantabria), Santander, Spain
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11
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Krokowski S, Lobato-Márquez D, Chastanet A, Pereira PM, Angelis D, Galea D, Larrouy-Maumus G, Henriques R, Spiliotis ET, Carballido-López R, Mostowy S. Septins Recognize and Entrap Dividing Bacterial Cells for Delivery to Lysosomes. Cell Host Microbe 2018; 24:866-874.e4. [PMID: 30543779 PMCID: PMC6299245 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The cytoskeleton occupies a central role in cellular immunity by promoting bacterial sensing and antibacterial functions. Septins are cytoskeletal proteins implicated in various cellular processes, including cell division. Septins also assemble into cage-like structures that entrap cytosolic Shigella, yet how septins recognize bacteria is poorly understood. Here, we discover that septins are recruited to regions of micron-scale membrane curvature upon invasion and division by a variety of bacterial species. Cardiolipin, a curvature-specific phospholipid, promotes septin recruitment to highly curved membranes of Shigella, and bacterial mutants lacking cardiolipin exhibit less septin cage entrapment. Chemically inhibiting cell separation to prolong membrane curvature or reducing Shigella cell growth respectively increases and decreases septin cage formation. Once formed, septin cages inhibit Shigella cell division upon recruitment of autophagic and lysosomal machinery. Thus, recognition of dividing bacterial cells by the septin cytoskeleton is a powerful mechanism to restrict the proliferation of intracellular bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Krokowski
- Section of Microbiology, MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Immunology & Infection, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Damián Lobato-Márquez
- Section of Microbiology, MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Immunology & Infection, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Arnaud Chastanet
- MICALIS, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas 78350, France
| | - Pedro Matos Pereira
- Quantitative Imaging and NanoBiophysics Group, MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Dimitrios Angelis
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dieter Galea
- Section of Microbiology, MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Gerald Larrouy-Maumus
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Ricardo Henriques
- Quantitative Imaging and NanoBiophysics Group, MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Elias T Spiliotis
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rut Carballido-López
- MICALIS, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas 78350, France
| | - Serge Mostowy
- Section of Microbiology, MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Immunology & Infection, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
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