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Zhang Z, Deng C, Paulus YM. Advances in Structural and Functional Retinal Imaging and Biomarkers for Early Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1405. [PMID: 39061979 PMCID: PMC11274328 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a vision-threatening microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), is a leading cause of blindness worldwide that requires early detection and intervention. However, diagnosing DR early remains challenging due to the subtle nature of initial pathological changes. This review explores developments in multimodal imaging and functional tests for early DR detection. Where conventional color fundus photography is limited in the field of view and resolution, advanced quantitative analysis of retinal vessel traits such as retinal microvascular caliber, tortuosity, and fractal dimension (FD) can provide additional prognostic value. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has also emerged as a reliable structural imaging tool for assessing retinal and choroidal neurodegenerative changes, which show potential as early DR biomarkers. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) enables the evaluation of vascular perfusion and the contours of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), providing valuable insights into early retinal and choroidal vascular changes. Functional tests, including multifocal electroretinography (mfERG), visual evoked potential (VEP), multifocal pupillographic objective perimetry (mfPOP), microperimetry, and contrast sensitivity (CS), offer complementary data on early functional deficits in DR. More importantly, combining structural and functional imaging data may facilitate earlier detection of DR and targeted management strategies based on disease progression. Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques show promise for automated lesion detection, risk stratification, and biomarker discovery from various imaging data. Additionally, hematological parameters, such as neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), may be useful in predicting DR risk and progression. Although current methods can detect early DR, there is still a need for further research and development of reliable, cost-effective methods for large-scale screening and monitoring of individuals with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi 214002, China;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital, Wuxi Clinical College, Nantong University, Wuxi 214002, China
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA;
| | - Callie Deng
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA;
| | - Yannis M. Paulus
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, 1000 Wall Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
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Li F, Chen L, Zhong S, Chen J, Cao Y, Yu H, Ran H, Yin Y, Reutelingsperger C, Shu S, Ling Z. Collagen-Targeting Self-Assembled Nanoprobes for Multimodal Molecular Imaging and Quantification of Myocardial Fibrosis in a Rat Model of Myocardial Infarction. ACS NANO 2024; 18:4886-4902. [PMID: 38295159 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Currently, inadequate early diagnostic methods hinder the prompt treatment of patients with heart failure and myocardial fibrosis. Magnetic resonance imaging is the gold standard noninvasive diagnostic method; however, its effectiveness is constrained by low resolution and challenges posed by certain patients who cannot undergo the procedure. Although enhanced computed tomography (CT) offers high resolution, challenges arise owing to the unclear differentiation between fibrotic and normal myocardial tissue. Furthermore, although echocardiography is real-time and convenient, it lacks the necessary resolution for detecting fibrotic myocardium, thus limiting its value in fibrosis detection. Inspired by the postinfarction accumulation of collagen types I and III, we developed a collagen-targeted multimodal imaging nanoplatform, CNA35-GP@NPs, comprising lipid nanoparticles (NPs), encapsulating gold nanorods (GNRs) and perfluoropentane (PFP). This platform facilitated ultrasound/photoacoustic/CT imaging of postinfarction cardiac fibrosis in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI). The surface-modified peptide CNA35 exhibited excellent collagen fiber targeting. The strong near-infrared light absorption and substantial X-ray attenuation of the nanoplatform rendered it suitable for photoacoustic and CT imaging. In the rat model of MI, our study demonstrated that CNA35-GNR/PFP@NPs (CNA35-GP@NPs) achieved photoacoustic, ultrasound, and enhanced CT imaging of the fibrotic myocardium. Notably, the photoacoustic signal intensity positively correlated with the severity of myocardial fibrosis. Thus, this study presents a promising approach for accurately detecting and treating the fibrotic myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P. R. China
| | - Lihua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P. R. China
| | - Shigeng Zhong
- Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing People's Hospital, Chongqing 400010, P. R. China
| | - Jinhua Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P. R. China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Ultrasound Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P. R. China
| | - Han Yu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P. R. China
| | - Haitao Ran
- Department of Ultrasound Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P. R. China
| | - Yuehui Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P. R. China
| | - Chris Reutelingsperger
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Shiyu Shu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyu Ling
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P. R. China
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Coro A, Herrero Ruiz A, Pazo-González M, Sánchez-Cruz A, Busch T, Hernández Medel A, Ximendes EC, Ortgies DH, López-Méndez R, Espinosa A, Jimenez de Aberasturi D, Jaque D, Fernández Monsalve N, de la Rosa EJ, Hernández-Sánchez C, Martín Rodríguez E, H Juárez B. Ag 2 S Biocompatible Ensembles as Dual OCT Contrast Agents and NIR Ocular Imaging Probes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2305026. [PMID: 37596060 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Ag2 S nanoparticles (NPs) emerge as a unique system that simultaneously features in vivo near-infrared (NIR) imaging, remote heating, and low toxicity thermal sensing. In this work, their capabilities are extended into the fields of optical coherence tomography (OCT), as contrast agents, and NIR probes in both ex vivo and in vivo experiments in eyeballs. The new dual property for ocular imaging is obtained by the preparation of Ag2 S NPs ensembles with a biocompatible amphiphilic block copolymer. Rather than a classical ligand exchange, where surface traps may arise due to incomplete replacement of surface sites, the use of this polymer provides a protective extra layer that preserves the photoluminescence properties of the NPs, and the procedure allows for the controlled preparation of submicrometric scattering centers. The resulting NPs ensembles show extraordinary colloidal stability with time and biocompatibility, enhancing the contrast in OCT with simultaneous NIR imaging in the second biological window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalia Coro
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, C/ Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ada Herrero Ruiz
- CiCbiomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Miramon Pasealekua, 182, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y, Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Mateo Pazo-González
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, C/ Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Systems Biology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra de Madrid-Barcelona, Km 33,600 Alcalá de Henares, 28871, Madrid, Spain
- Visual Neurophysiology Group, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9,100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alonso Sánchez-Cruz
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, C/ Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tobias Busch
- Nanomaterials for BioImaging Group (nanoBIG), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9,100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Hernández Medel
- Nanomaterials for BioImaging Group (nanoBIG), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9,100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Erving C Ximendes
- Nanomaterials for BioImaging Group (nanoBIG), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9,100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemistry (IAdChem), Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dirk H Ortgies
- Nanomaterials for BioImaging Group (nanoBIG), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9,100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemistry (IAdChem), Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ana Espinosa
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, C/ Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dorleta Jimenez de Aberasturi
- CiCbiomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Miramon Pasealekua, 182, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y, Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Daniel Jaque
- Nanomaterials for BioImaging Group (nanoBIG), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9,100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemistry (IAdChem), Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Fernández Monsalve
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9,100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- nanoBIG Group, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique J de la Rosa
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, C/ Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Catalina Hernández-Sánchez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, C/ Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emma Martín Rodríguez
- Nanomaterials for BioImaging Group (nanoBIG), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9,100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemistry (IAdChem), Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz H Juárez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, C/ Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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Maisha N, Rubenstein M, Bieberich CJ, Lavik E. Getting to the Core of It All: Nanocapsules to Mitigate Infusion Reactions Can Promote Hemostasis and Be a Platform for Intravenous Therapies. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:9069-9076. [PMID: 34714087 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
One of the significant challenges to translation of intravenously administered nanomaterials has been complement-mediated infusion reactions which can be lethal. Slow infusions can reduce infusion reactions, but slow infusions are not always possible in applications like controlling bleeding following trauma. Thus, avoiding complement activation and infusion responses is essential to manage bleeding. We identified nanocapsules based on polyurethane as candidates that did not activate C5a and explored their PEGylation and functionalization with the GRGDS peptide to create a new class of hemostatic nanomaterials. Using the clinically relevant rotational thromboelastography (ROTEM), we determined that nanocapsules promote faster clotting than controls and maintain the maximum clot firmness, which is critical for reducing bleeding. Excitingly, these polyurethane-based nanocapsules did not activate complement or the major pro-inflammatory cytokines. This work provides critical evidence for the role of modulating the core material in developing safer nanomedicines for intravenous applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuzhat Maisha
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, United States
| | - Michael Rubenstein
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, United States
| | - Charles J Bieberich
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, United States
| | - Erin Lavik
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, United States
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