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Shen L, Peng T, Dong J, Liang Z, Si J, Ye H, Xie J, Yu X, Dai X. Establishment of a multi-line immunochromatography based on magnetic nanoparticles for simultaneous screening of multiple biomarkers. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:4823-4831. [PMID: 38981912 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05432-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Biomarkers screening is a benefit approach for early diagnosis of major diseases. In this study, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been utilized as labels to establish a multi-line immunochromatography (MNP-MLIC) for simultaneous detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA 19-9), and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in a single serum sample. Under the optimal parameters, the three biomarkers can be rapidly and simultaneously qualitative screening within 15 min by naked eye. As for quantitative detection, the MNP-MLIC test strips were precisely positioned and captured by a smartphone, and signals on the test and control lines were extracted by ImageJ software. The signal ratio of test and control lines has been calculated and used to plot quantitative standard curves with the logarithmic concentration, of which the correlation coefficients are more than 0.99, and the limit of detection for CEA, CA 19-9, and AFP were 0.60 ng/mL, 1.21 U/mL, and 0.93 ng/mL, respectively. The recoveries of blank serum were 75.0 ~ 112.5% with the relative standard deviation ranging from 2.5 to 15.3%, and the specificity investigation demonstrated that the MNP-MLIC is highly specific to the three biomarkers. In conclusion, the developed MNP-MLIC offers a rapid, simple, accurate, and highly specific method for simultaneously detecting multiple biomarkers in serum samples, which provides an efficient and accurate approach for the early diagnosis of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyue Shen
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China
- Technology Innovation Center of Mass Spectrometry for State Market Regulation, Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Tao Peng
- Technology Innovation Center of Mass Spectrometry for State Market Regulation, Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Jiahui Dong
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China
- Technology Innovation Center of Mass Spectrometry for State Market Regulation, Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Zhanwei Liang
- Technology Innovation Center of Mass Spectrometry for State Market Regulation, Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Jihao Si
- Technology Innovation Center of Mass Spectrometry for State Market Regulation, Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Hua Ye
- Department of Neurology, The Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University/The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University/Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou, 325000, PR China
| | - Jie Xie
- Technology Innovation Center of Mass Spectrometry for State Market Regulation, Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Yu
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China.
| | - Xinhua Dai
- Technology Innovation Center of Mass Spectrometry for State Market Regulation, Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, PR China.
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Zhou D, Fan X, Xie S, Lu M, Gao L, Zhang R, Zhu M. Clinical application of serum CST4 combined with tumor markers in the diagnosis of digestive system malignant tumors. Oncol Lett 2024; 28:384. [PMID: 38966578 PMCID: PMC11222915 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of plasma human cystatin-S (CST4) in patients with digestive system malignant tumors. CST4 and tumor markers, such as α-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA)199, CA125, CA153 and CA724, were detected in blood samples from 100 patients with a digestive system malignant tumor and 100 patients with benign digestive system diseases. The tumor markers AFP, CEA, CA199, CA125, CA153 and CA724 were detected using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, and CST4 levels were detected using a human CST4 ELISA kit. The results demonstrated that the sensitivities of AFP and CA153 (both 5.00%) were significantly lower than that of CST4 (38.00%) in the diagnosis of digestive system malignancy (P<0.001), and CA724 (18.00%) was also less sensitive than CST4 (P<0.05). The sensitivities of CA199 (26.00%), CEA (31.00%) and CA125 (25.00%) were similar to that of CST4 (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the CEA, CA125, CA724 and CST4 specificities (P>0.05), which were 91.00, 95.00, 94.00 and 83.00%, respectively. The specificities of AFP (99.00%), CA199 (98.00%) and CA153 (100.00%) were significantly higher than that of CST4 (P<0.01). By constructing a receiver operating characteristic curve and comparing the area under the curve as well as sensitivity, the findings of the present study demonstrated that combining CST4 with AFP, CEA, CA199, CA125, CA153 and CA724 can significantly enhance the diagnostic sensitivity for malignancies of the digestive system. However, the introduction of CST4 into the traditional diagnostic groups (CEA + AFP, CA199 + CA125 + CA153 + CA724 and AFP + CEA + CA199 + CA125 + CA153 + CA724) resulted in an increased sensitivity and loss of specificity, thereby not offering significant advantages in terms of comprehensive diagnostic efficiency compared with the traditional diagnostic groups. In conclusion, CST4 detection may be a promising diagnostic tool. Nonetheless, the potential false positive results in tumor diagnosis should be taken into consideration when developing new diagnostic groups involving CST4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dangui Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Xinyue Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Siqi Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Meiyi Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Lili Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Ruyi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Mei Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
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Lu J, Fan Z. ERCP endoscopic minimally invasive treatment of acute suppurative obstructive cholangitis: A study of 47 patients. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:128. [PMID: 38414791 PMCID: PMC10895614 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary objective of the present study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic therapy for acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis (AOSC) in patients with different underlying conditions. The present study comprised 47 patients diagnosed with AOSC, with a mean age of 70±14 years. Minimally invasive endoscopic treatments, including endoscopic duodenal papillary sphincterotomy, endoscopic duodenal nasobiliary drainage and/or placement of an endobiliary duct stent drainage tube, were performed. Variations in the levels of the white blood cell count, liver function, procalcitonin (PCT) and carbohydrate antigen-199 (CA199) were examined, compared and evaluated both prior to and following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Among the 47 patients, 45 had a high fever, although their body temperature returned to normal after 7 days of ERCP treatment. The infection was difficult to control completely in two cases, including one case of biliary anastomosis secondary tumor with stenosis and AOSC and another case of an elderly patient with multiple choledocholithiasis complicated with sepsis. Within 7 days following treatment, the abdominal pain was resolved in 27 patients and jaundice subsided in 29 patients. On the 7th day after endoscopic treatment, the blood leukocyte, liver function, PCT and CA-199 parameters of all patients were significantly improved compared with those at admission. A total of 35 bile cultures yielded positive results, with Escherichia coli accounting for 11 cases (31.4%), Klebsiella pneumoniae accounting for 7 cases (20%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa accounting for 5 cases (14.3%), Enterococcus faecus accounting for 4 cases (11.4%) and other strains making up the remaining 17 cases. No serious complications were encountered with these patients, such as perforation, bleeding, severe pancreatitis or mortality, following ERCP. In conclusion, ERCP has been shown to be a safe and effective minimally invasive treatment method for elderly patients with AOSC, yielding a high rate of success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjiao Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
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Zhuang Y, Cai Q, Hu X, Huang H. Elevated serum CA199 levels in patients suffering type 2 diabetes vs. various types of cancer. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:9. [PMID: 38212751 PMCID: PMC10785517 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01539-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) is a standard tumor marker, and recent studies have found elevated in CA199 levels in patients with diabetes. However, there is no systematic measurement and comparison of serum CA199 levels in patients with diabetes and cancer. Here, a detailed description of the changes in serum CA199 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and various cancers was explored. METHODS A total of 5,641 participants were screened for clinical laboratory test results of serum CA199 levels over the past three years (2020-2023). This study included 2,464 healthy controls, 688 patients with type 2 diabetes, and 2,489 patients with 16 different types of cancer. Each type of cancer had more than 30 independent serum CA199 level test results. The serum CA199 levels were compared between cancer groups, type 2 diabetes patients, and healthy controls. Additionally, the CA199 levels of cancer patients were compared with those of patients with type 2 diabetes. RESULTS The serum CA199 levels of esophagus cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, rectum cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, cervical cancer, colon cancer, lymphoma, thyroid cancer, intracranial tumors, and nasopharyngeal laryngeal cancer were found to be elevated compared to healthy controls (P < 0.01). In addition, the serum CA199 levels of patients with type 2 diabetes were also significantly elevated compared to healthy controls (P < 0.01). Moreover, the degree of elevation in serum CA199 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes was not significantly different from that observed in some types of cancer, such as esophagus cancer (P = 0.163), breast cancer (P = 0.927), prostate cancer (P = 1.000), bladder cancer (P = 0.406), Lymphoma (P = 0.975), thyroid cancer (P = 1.000), intracranial tumors (P = 0.161), nasopharyngeal and laryngeal cancer (P = 1.000). CONCLUSIONS Serum CA199 levels also increase in type 2 diabetes, and the magnitude of the increase is similar to that seen in some cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhuang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 950 Donghai Street, Fengze District, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province, 362000, China
| | - Qingyan Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 950 Donghai Street, Fengze District, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province, 362000, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 950 Donghai Street, Fengze District, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province, 362000, China
| | - Huibin Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 950 Donghai Street, Fengze District, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province, 362000, China.
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Zhou DB, Cheng J, Zhang XH. Evaluating combined bevacizumab and XELOX in advanced colorectal cancer: Serum markers carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 125, carbohydrate antigen 199 analysis. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:15-23. [PMID: 38292648 PMCID: PMC10824169 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i1.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer ranks third and second among common and fatal cancers. The treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is generally based on XELOX in clinical practice, which includes capecitabine (CAP) and oxaliplatin. Serum tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 125 and CA199 are prognostic factors for various tumors. AIM To investigate evaluating combined bevacizumab (BEV) and XELOX in advanced colorectal cancer: Serum markers CEA, CA125, CA199 analysis. METHODS In this retrospective study, a total of 94 elderly patients diagnosed with mCRC were recruited and subsequently categorized into two groups based on the distinct treatment modalities they received. The control group was treated with XELOX plus CAP (n = 47), while the observation group was treated with XELOX plus CAP and BEV (n = 47). Several indexes were assessed in both groups, including disease control rate (DCR), incidence of adverse effects, serum marker levels (CEA, CA125, and CA19) and progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS After 9 wk of treatment, the serum levels of CEA, CA199 and CA125 in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the PFS of the observation group (9.12 ± 0.90 mo) was significantly longer than that of the control group (6.49 ± 0.64 mo). Meanwhile, there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions and DCR between the two groups during maintenance therapy (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION On the basis of XELOX treatment, the combination of BEV and CAP can reduce serum tumor marker levels and prolong PFS in patients with mCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Bing Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second People's Hospital of Jingzhou Hubei, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Qianjing 433100, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiong-Hui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiantao First People's Hosepital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Xiantao 433000, Hubei Province, China
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Shi X, Li S, Wang Y, Liu C, Liu P, Qin D. Predictive value of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio combined with CA199 levels in postoperative survival of patients with gastric cancer: A retrospective study. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110987. [PMID: 37806105 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a new scoring system based on platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and CA199 to predict the prognosis of gastric cancer. METHODS PLR-CA199 was identified in a retrospective study that was conducted in a training cohort of 990 gastric cancer patients who underwent curable resection from 2012 to 2014 and validated in a validation cohort of 625 patients between 2015 and 2016. RESULTS In the training cohort, PLR-CA199 was related to gender (P = 0.041), age (P = 0.014), tumor location (P = 0.015), tumor size (P < 0.001), Bormann type (P < 0.001), vascular invasion (P < 0.001), perineural invasion (P < 0.001), and TNM staging (P < 0.001). In the validation cohort, PLR-CA199 was related to tumor size (P < 0.001), Bormann type (P = 0.007), vascular invasion (P < 0.001), perineural invasion (P < 0.001), and TNM staging (P < 0.001). Survival analysis showed that in the training cohort the mean disease-free survival (DFS) was 70.699 months for patients PLR-CA199 = 0, 51.223 months for patients PLR-CA199 = 1, and 32.152 months for patients PLR-CA199 = 2 (P < 0.001). The correlation between PLR-CA199 and DFS was further confirmed in the validation cohort (50.640 vs. 41.842 vs. 22.382, P < 0.001). Survival analysis showed that the mean disease special survival (DSS) was 76.668 months for patients PLR-CA199 = 0, 61.218 months for patients PLR-CA199 = 1, and 44.665 months for patients PLR-CA199 = 2 in the training cohort (P < 0.001). The correlation between PLR-CA199 and DSS was further confirmed in the validation cohort (53.858 vs. 46.385 vs. 44.665, P < 0.001). Furthermore, univariate and multivariate analyses showed that PLR-CA199 was an independent prognostic factor for DFS and DSS. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative PLR-CA199 may be a useful prognostic indicator, and is a promising tool for predicting the prognosis for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Sen Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chuang Liu
- Extracorporeal Life Support Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Peipei Liu
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Dongchun Qin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Yu Q, Zhao Q, Su Y, Xiong K, Lu Y, Zhang L, Fang H. Borderline Brenner tumor with abnormally high serum level of carbohydrate antigen 199: a rare case report and literature review. Ir J Med Sci 2023; 192:2071-2075. [PMID: 36409423 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-022-03203-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian Brenner tumor with abnormally increased serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) level is extremely rare. A 70-year-old woman with abnormally elevated serum CA199 (1289 U/ml) found in routine physical examination. Pelvic CT and MRI scan revealed a large mass with large patches of calcification in the right adnexal area, and the patient achieved total hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy. Grossly, the right ovary had a solid enlargement of about 7.0 cm × 6.0 cm × 5.0 cm with irregular nodules and smooth surface and the cut surface of the mass showed that the tumor is cystic and solid. Microscopically, the tumor showed a background of fibrous tissue hyperplasia with nested and adenoid cell clusters with uniform cell size and clear boundaries. The cells were translucent with eosinophilic cytoplasm and calcification. Immunohistochemical staining showed CK7, CA125, and P63 presented diffusely strongly positive staining, while negativity for CK20, GATA3, AR, P53, and CgA. Ki-67 showed weak positive staining, about 1%. The serum CA199 level decreased significantly on the 5th day after surgery. Postoperative pathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed borderline Brenner tumor. This is the first to report a case of borderline Brenner tumor with an abnormally high serum level of CA199 before surgery. In clinical practice, the possibility of ovarian Brenner tumor should be considered when abnormal elevation of serum CA199 level cannot be reasonably explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwei Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230601, China
- Center of Gut Microbiota, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230601, China
- Center of Gut Microbiota, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yuan Su
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230601, China
- Center of Gut Microbiota, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Kangwei Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230601, China
- Center of Gut Microbiota, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230601, China
- Center of Gut Microbiota, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Lijiu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230601, China
- Center of Gut Microbiota, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Haiming Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230601, China.
- Center of Gut Microbiota, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
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Wang R, Zuo CL, Zhang R, Zhu LM. Carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 199 and carbohydrate antigen 724 in gastric cancer and their relationship with clinical prognosis. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:1475-1485. [PMID: 37663935 PMCID: PMC10473936 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i8.1475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system with a high degree of malignancy. It usually develops insidiously without any specific symptoms in the early stages. As one of the diseases caused by abnormal gene changes, GC has abnormal expression of various oncogenes and products during its development. Tumor markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) and carbohydrate antigen 724 (CA724) are not expressed or lowly expressed in normal people, but significantly increased after carcinogenesis. Monitoring the changes in the levels of tumor markers such as CEA, CA199 and CA724 is conducive to early diagnosis and evaluation of the occurrence of some solid tumors. AIM To investigate the expression of CEA, CA199 and CA724 in GC and their correlation with clinical features, hoping to provide more effective markers for the early preventive diagnosis of GC. METHODS Of 87 patients with GC admitted to our hospital from September 2020 to December 2021 were included in the GC group, and another 80 healthy people who came to our hospital for physical examination with normal results during the same period were selected as the control group. The serum CEA, CA199, and CA724 levels were compared between the two groups, and the serum CEA, CA199, and CA724 levels were compared in patients with GC at different TNM stages, and the differences in the positive rates of CEA, CA199, and CA724 alone and in combination in detecting TNM stages of GC and GC were compared. In addition, the relationship between the levels of tumor markers CEA, CA199 and CA724 and the clinicopathological characteristics of GC patients was also analyzed. The relationship between the serum levels of CEA, CA199 and CA724 and the survival period of GC patients was analyzed by Pearson. RESULTS The serum levels of CEA, CA199 and CA724 in GC group were significantly higher than those in control group (P < 0.05). With the increase of TNM stage, the serum CEA, CA199 and CA724 expression levels in GC patients increased significantly, and the differences between groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The positive rate of the CA724 single test was higher than that of CEA and CA199 single test (P < 0.05). The positive rate of the three combined tests was 95.40% (83/87), which was higher than that of CEA, CA199 and CA724 single tests. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The combined detection positive rates of CEA, CA199, and CA724 in stages I, II, III, and IV of GC were 89.66%, 93.10%, 98.85%, and 100.00% respectively, all of which were higher than the individual detection rates of CEA, CA199, and CA724. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in serum CEA, CA199 and CA724 levels between GC patients with different genders, smoking history and alcohol history (P > 0.05). However, the serum CEA, CA199 and CA724 levels were significantly higher in GC patients aged ≥ 45 years, TNM stage III-IV, with lymph node metastasis and tumor diameter ≥ 5 cm than in GC patients aged < 45 years, TNM stage I-II, without lymph node metastasis and tumor diameter < 5 cm (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The expression levels of serum tumor markers CEA, CA199 and CA724 in patients with GC are high and rise with the increase of TNM stage. The levels of CEA, CA199 and CA724 are related to age, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis and tumor diameter. The combined detection of CEA, CA199 and CA724 is helpful to improve the diagnostic accuracy of GC with high clinical guidance value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chun-Lei Zuo
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li-Mei Zhu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222002, Jiangsu Province, China
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Wang D, Zhao P, Lu T, Ren J, Zhu L, Han X, Zhang G, Dong X, Ma H, Yu M, Cai H. ctDNA as a prognostic biomarker in resectable CLM: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220615. [PMID: 37250841 PMCID: PMC10224622 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-free circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is synthesized by tumor cells, including metastatic tumors, and circulates in the bloodstream. Evidence suggests that ctDNA is a potential predictive and prognostic biomarker for colorectal cancer (CRC), but its predictive efficacy in detecting CRC liver metastasis (CLM) remains unclear. Additionally, its utility in the clinical setting needs further investigation. We conducted a meta-analysis to determine the utility of ctDNA as a biomarker for predicting the prognosis of CLM and investigate the relationship between CLM and ctDNA positivity. A literature search was performed in electronic databases to identify relevant studies published up to March 19, 2022. We retrieved data on overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS) for both ctDNA-positive and ctDNA-negative colorectal liver metastasis (CLM) patients from the selected articles. Hazard ratios (HRs) were also calculated for these survival outcomes analysis was also performed. The stability of the combined meta-analysis was verified by sensitivity analysis and publication bias evaluation. Ten trials were included, and 615 patients were evaluated. In patients with CLM, pooled HRs revealed a substantial link between ctDNA positivity and RFS/DFS. Subgroup analysis revealed that ctDNA had a prospective detection value. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias evaluation indicated stable results. Although the results on pooled HR for OS suggested that ctDNA-positive patients had a shorter survival time, their pooled HRs had a relatively evident heterogeneity, and sensitivity analysis and publication bias evaluation indicated that pooled HRs were extremely unstable. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that ctDNA appears to be a prognostic biomarker for resectable CLM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Wang
- School of Medicine Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, China
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Penglai Zhao
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Tingting Lu
- Institution of Clinical Research and Evidence Based Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jingyao Ren
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- School of Clinical Medicine Ning Xia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ning Xia, 750004, China
| | - Lihui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- School of Clinical Medicine Ning Xia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ning Xia, 750004, China
| | - Xiaoyong Han
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- School of Clinical Medicine Ning Xia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ning Xia, 750004, China
| | - Guangming Zhang
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaohua Dong
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- First Clinical College of Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Haizhong Ma
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Miao Yu
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hui Cai
- School of Medicine Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, China
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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Chen C, Lin X, Lin R, Huang H, Lu F. A high serum creatine kinase (CK)-MB-to-total-CK ratio in patients with pancreatic cancer: a novel application of a traditional marker in predicting malignancy of pancreatic masses? World J Surg Oncol 2023; 21:13. [PMID: 36653771 PMCID: PMC9847085 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-02903-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The finding that some benign pancreatic masses mimic the imaging appearance of carcinomas poses a challenge for pancreatic surgeons. Preoperative markers that assist in the diagnosis are critical under this circumstance. Abnormal serum creatine kinase (CK) isozyme levels were reported in cancer patients, and this study aimed to explore the potential value of the CK-MB-to-total-CK ratio (CK ratio) in differentiating pancreatic cancer (PC) from benign masses when combined with carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9). METHODS A total of 190 patients primarily diagnosed with pancreatic masses were retrospectively reviewed and assigned to the PC group and the benign pancreatic mass (BPM) group. Sixty-eight controls were enrolled for comparison. Levels of preoperative parameters, including total serum CK, CK-MB, absolute neutrophil count, absolute lymphocyte count, albumin, and CA19-9, were recorded as well as pathological information. A logistic regression model was established to assess the application value of the combination of CA19-9 and the CK ratio in diagnosis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to evaluate the diagnostic value of the markers. RESULTS The CK ratio was significantly elevated in the PC group compared with the BPM group (P < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, a CK ratio greater than 0.220 was a statistically significant variable for predicting malignancy of pancreatic masses (P=0.001). Patients with stage III/IV PC had a higher CK ratio than those with stage I/II PC (P<0.01). Combined detection of CA19-9 and the CK ratio produced an increased Youden index (0.739 vs. 0.815) with improved sensitivity (82.2% vs. 89.8%). CONCLUSIONS The CK ratio is elevated in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma and is an independent factor predicting pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The CK ratio augments the diagnostic capacity of CA19-9 in detecting malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- grid.411176.40000 0004 1758 0478Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001 Fujian China
| | - Xianchao Lin
- grid.411176.40000 0004 1758 0478Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001 Fujian China
| | - Ronggui Lin
- grid.411176.40000 0004 1758 0478Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001 Fujian China
| | - Heguang Huang
- grid.411176.40000 0004 1758 0478Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001 Fujian China
| | - Fengchun Lu
- grid.411176.40000 0004 1758 0478Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001 Fujian China
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Li H, Wang X, Huang X, He Y, Zhang Y, Hao C, Zeng P, Zhang M, Gao Y, Yang D, Shan M, Dou H, Li X, Chang X, Tian Z, Zhang L. Circulating Glycan Monosaccharide Composite-Based Biomarker Diagnoses Colorectal Cancer at Early Stages and Predicts Prognosis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:852044. [PMID: 35574422 PMCID: PMC9099097 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.852044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Early diagnosis could lead to a cure of colorectal cancer (CRC). Since CRC is related to aging and lifestyles, we tested if the environmental information-enriched monosaccharide composite (MC) of circulating glycans could serve as an early diagnostic biomarker for CRC. Meanwhile, we evaluated its role in predicting prognosis. Methods HPAEC-PAD was used to quantify glycan monosaccharide compositions from a total of 467 serum samples including CRC patients, colorectal adenoma (CRA) patients and healthy individuals. Two diagnostic model was constructed by logistic regression analysis. The diagnostic performance of the two models was verified in the retrospective validation group and the prospective validation group. The prognostic performance of the model was assessed by survival analysis. Results The concentrations of monosaccharides in serum were significantly higher in CRA and CRC patients than in healthy individuals. Two diagnostic models were constructed: MC1 was used to distinguish between healthy individuals and CRC; MC2 was used to distinguish between healthy individuals and CRA. Area under receptor operating characteristic curve (AUC) of MC2 and MC1 was 0.8025 and 0.9403 respectively. However, the AUC of CEA between healthy individuals and CRC was 0.7384. Moreover, in early stage of CRC (without lymph node metastasis), the positive rates of CEA and MC1 were 28% and 80%, respectively. The follow-up data showed that the increased MC1 value was associated with poor survival in patients with CRC (p=0.0010, HR=5.30). Discussion The MC1 model is superior to CEA in the diagnosis of CRC, especially in the early diagnosis. MC1 can be used for predicting prognosis of CRC patients, and elevated MC1 values indicate poor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Systems Biology & Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xueling Wang
- Systems Biology & Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Center for Clinical Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- Systems Biology & Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanli He
- Systems Biology & Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yiran Zhang
- Systems Biology & Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Shandong Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Cui Hao
- Systems Biology & Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Pengjiao Zeng
- Systems Biology & Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Systems Biology & Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanyun Gao
- Systems Biology & Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dandan Yang
- Systems Biology & Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ming Shan
- Systems Biology & Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huaiqian Dou
- Systems Biology & Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaotian Chang
- Center for Clinical Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Lijuan Zhang, ; Xiaotian Chang, ; Zibin Tian,
| | - Zibin Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Lijuan Zhang, ; Xiaotian Chang, ; Zibin Tian,
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Systems Biology & Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Lijuan Zhang, ; Xiaotian Chang, ; Zibin Tian,
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Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine Anticancer Decoction Combined with Basic Chemotherapy and Nursing Intervention on Oral Cancer Patients after Surgery and Its Effect on Tumor Markers and Immune Function. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6341381. [PMID: 35402612 PMCID: PMC8986392 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6341381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To prospectively study the application effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) anticancer decoction with basic chemotherapy and nursing intervention on oral cancer patients after surgery and the effect on tumor markers and immune function. Methods Eighty-four postoperative oral cancer patients in our hospital from May 2017 to February 2019 were selected and divided into observation group (42 cases) and control group (42 cases). The control group was treated with basic chemotherapy combined with basic nursing care, and the observation group was treated with TCM anticancer decoction and comprehensive nursing intervention on the basis of the control group. The clinical efficacy, the occurrence of adverse reactions, the satisfaction of nursing care, and the two-year cumulative survival rate of the two groups were compared. The immune function, tumor marker level, VAS score, QoR40 score, and survival quality score of the two groups were compared before and after nursing care. Results The total clinical treatment efficiency of the observation group (88.10%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (69.05%), and the differences between the two groups in oral cleanliness, aspiration frequency, and oral comfort were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The differences in the occurrence of halitosis, oral fungal infection, leukopenia, gastrointestinal reaction, and fever in the observation group were statistically significant compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The nursing satisfaction rate in the observation group (95.24%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (78.57%). The two-year cumulative survival rate of the observation group (92.86%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (73.81%). After nursing care, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, VAS scores, QoR40 scores, and quality of survival scores in both groups all increased, and CD8+, CD56+, CEA level, NSE level, and CA19-9 level all decreased (all P < 0.05). Conclusion The clinical efficacy of TCM anticancer decoction with basic chemotherapy and nursing interventions in the treatment of postoperative oral cancer patients was remarkable, which could significantly improve patients' oral cleanliness and comfort, reduce the frequency of sputum aspiration, improve patients' immunity, reduce tumor marker levels, inhibit tumor activity, improve patients' nursing satisfaction, further improve patients' treatment compliance, reduce patients' pain level, improve patients' survival quality, and prolong patients' survival time with high safety. It could be used as a theoretical basis for subsequent clinical research.
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Yang Y, Jiang X, Liu Y, Huang H, Xiong Y, Xiao H, Gong K, Li X, Kuang X, Yang X. Elevated tumor markers for monitoring tumor response to immunotherapy. EClinicalMedicine 2022; 46:101381. [PMID: 35434583 PMCID: PMC9011015 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the immune-related response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (irRECIST) by imaging greatly underestimated the objective response to immunotherapy, we established the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors based on tumor markers (RecistTM) to explore whether RecistTM can compensate for the deficiencies of the irRECIST criteria. METHODS This was an observational study, which consisted of two parts. The first part (Group A) was a retrospective study including the patients with malignant solid tumors. The second part (Group B) was a prospective study, which were EGFR-negative and ALK-negative patients with stage IIIB-IV non-small cell lung cancer receiving first-line treatment. From January 2017 to September 2020, one hundred and ten patients with a three-time increase in tumor markers receiving immunotherapy were recruited. The treatment response to immunotherapy was evaluated by irRECIST and RecistTM. Efficacy, overall survival (OS), first evaluation time and earliest response time under the different evaluation criteria were compared by statistics. FINDINGS The treatment response evaluated by the RecistTM criteria was not consistent with that evaluated by the irRECIST criteria (Kappa = 0.386, p < 0.001). RecistTM had a higher completed response (CR) rate compared to irRECIST criteria (20.9% vs 1.8%, p < 0.001). The earliest response time under the RecistTM criteria was 3.42 weeks earlier than that under the irRECIST criteria (u = -5.233, p < 0.001). There were significant differences in median OS between tumor marker-related complete response (tmCR) and tumor marker-related partial response (tmPR), as well as between tmPR and tumor marker-related stable disease (tmSD) (χ2 = 15.572, p < 0.001; χ2 = 7.720, p = 0.005), but not between tmSD and tumor marker-related progressive disease (tmPD) (χ2 = 1.596, p = 0.206). When applying both criteria together, for patients with immune-related CR / immune-related PR (irCR/irPR) (n = 54) under irRECIST criteria, there was a significant difference in median OS between achieving tmCR (n = 22) and tmPR (n = 32) (χ2 = 14.011, p < 0.001). RecistTM criteria can predict 1-year and 2-year OS more accurately than irRECIST criteria (AUCs:0.862 vs 0.552, 0.649 vs 0.521, respectively;both p < 0.001). In RecistTM, 4 patients had been observed with pseudoprogression in tumor markers. INTERPRETATION The RecistTM criteria could effectively distinguish CR, PR, and SD, which may help resolve the shortcomings of the RECIST criteria in evaluating the treatment response to immunotherapy, especially in assessing whether patients can achieve deep or even complete response as soon as possible. FUNDING This work was supported by the Key projects of Chongqing Health and Family Planning Commission (to Xueqin Yang, 2019ZDXM011).
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Key Words
- CR, Complete response
- Efficacy evaluation
- ICIs, Immune checkpoint inhibitors
- Immunotherapy
- NE, Not estimated
- NSCLC, Non-small cell lung cancer
- ORR, Objective response rate
- OS, Overall survival
- PD, Progressive disease
- PR, Partial response
- RECIST
- RECIST, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors
- RecistTM, Response evaluation criteria in solid tumors based on tumor markers
- SD, Stable disease
- Tumor markers
- irCR, Immune-related complete response
- irPD, Immune-related progression disease
- irPR, Immune-related partial response
- irRECIST, Immune-related Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors
- irSD, Immune-related stable disease
- tmCR, Tumor marker-related complete response
- tmPD, Tumor marker-related progression disease
- tmPR, Tumor marker-related partial response
- tmSD, Tumor marker-related stable disease
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Clinical Significance of Color Ultrasound, MRI, miR-21, and CA199 in the Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:2380958. [PMID: 34367281 PMCID: PMC8337107 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2380958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background To investigate the clinical significance of color ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), miR-21, and CA199 in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer (PC). Methods A total of 160 patients with PC admitted to our hospital from April 2018 to February 2021 were included in the PC group, and another 100 patients with benign pancreatic disease during the same period were included in the pancreatic benign disease group. Color ultrasound and MRI were used for imaging examination of the two groups of PC patients, and the sensitivity, accuracy, and specificity of the two methods for preoperative diagnosis of PC were calculated, respectively. A total of 100 healthy people who underwent physical examination during the same period were included in the control group. Serum CA199 levels of the three groups were detected by ELISA assay. The level of serum miR-21 in the three groups was detected by qRT-PCR. A receiver operating curve (ROC) was drawn to analyze and calculate the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the two serum markers and the combination of color ultrasound and MRI in the detection of PC. Results Serum CA199 and miR-21 levels in the PC group were significantly higher than those in the benign lesion group and control group. CA199 and miR-21 levels in the benign lesion group were higher than those in the control group. Both color ultrasound and MRI showed a higher detection rate for PC, and the sensitivity and accuracy were significantly higher than those of CA199 and miR-21. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of combined detection were 91.88%, 96.00%, and 93.46%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of single detection. Conclusion The combined detection of color ultrasound, MRI, miR-21, and CA199 have a high application value in the early diagnosis of PC, which can effectively improve the sensitivity and accuracy of clinical diagnosis, reduce the probability of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis, and provide a reference for the rational clinical treatment plan and prognosis.
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The Clinical Value of the Combined Detection of Enhanced CT, MRI, CEA, and CA199 in the Diagnosis of Rectal Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:8585371. [PMID: 34335762 PMCID: PMC8292063 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8585371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background To explore the clinical value of enhanced computed tomography (enhanced CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and cancer antigen 199 (CA199) in the diagnosis of rectal cancer (RC). Methods A total of 156 patients with RC confirmed by postoperative pathology admitted to the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University from March 2018 to November 2020 were included in the malignant group, and 52 patients with chronic proctitis in the benign control group. All patients underwent preoperative enhanced CT, MRI scans, and serum CEA and CA199 tests. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of single and combined enhanced CT, MRI, CEA, and CA199 tests for the clinical staging of RC were calculated. Results The postoperative pathological diagnosis showed that 35 cases of 156 RC patients were at T1 stage, 29 cases were at T2 stage, 24 cases were at T3 stage, 11 cases were at T4 stage, 23 cases were at N0 stage, 21 cases were at N1 stage, 8 cases were at N2 stage, 3 cases were at M0 stage, and 2 cases were at M1 stage. The positive rate of MRI in the diagnosis of RC was higher than that of enhanced CT. Serum CEA and CA199 levels in the malignant group were significantly increased compared with the benign group. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the combined detection were significantly higher than those of the single detection. Conclusion Compared with enhanced CT, MRI has a higher detection rate of T and N stage in patients with RC. Combined enhanced CT, MRI, CEA, and CA199 can provide more accurate diagnosis and preoperative staging of RC patients.
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Clinical application of thioredoxin reductase as a novel biomarker in liver cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6069. [PMID: 33727662 PMCID: PMC7966739 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85688-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic cancer is often amenable to surgery, including percutaneous ablation, trans-arterial chemoembolization. However, in metastatic cases, surgery is often not an effective option. Chemotherapy as a conventional clinical method for treatment of malignant diseases may be useful in such cases, but it is likewise not always able to slow or halt progression, therefore novel approaches for treatment of hepatic cancer are needed. Current research suggests that molecular tumor markers (TM) can play a crucial role for diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of malignancies, and TM such as AFP, CEA, CA19-9 have been reported in many malignant diseases. Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), a type of anti-oxidant biomarker, has become a TM of significant interest. However, little is known about the above TM and TrxR activity in liver cancer. Therefore, this paper aimed to assess these TM with regards to diagnosis and and monitoring treatment efficacy in both primary and metastatic liver cancer. Our results showed TrxR had superior performance for discriminating between liver cancer patients and healthy controls than AFP, CEA, and CA19-9. TrxR also exhibited superior performance for assessing benefits of chemotherapy regardless if patients had PLC or MLC. Meanwhile, due to diagnostic efficiency of unresponsive chemotherapy patients, TrxR also showed a higher activity levels than other general markers in liver metastasis patients. Our results suggest that application of TrxR in combination with other tumor markers may maximize the efficiency of diagnosis and assessment of therapeutic efficiency, and provide new insights for the clinical application of TrxR as a candidate biomarker for liver cancer.
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Lack of Efficacy of Combined Carbohydrate Antigen Markers for Lung Cancer Diagnosis. DISEASE MARKERS 2020; 2020:4716793. [PMID: 33488842 PMCID: PMC7787803 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4716793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Lung cancer (LC) is top-ranked in cancer incidence and is the leading cause of cancer death globally. Combining serum biomarkers can improve the accuracy of LC diagnosis. The identification of the best potential combination of traditional tumor markers is essential for LC diagnosis. Patients and Methods. Blood samples were collected from 132 LC cases and 118 benign lung disease (BLD) controls. The expression levels of ten serum tumor markers (CYFR21, CEA, NSE, SCC, CA15-3, CA 19-9, CA 125, CA50, CA242, and CA724) were assayed, and that the expression in the levels of tumor markers were evaluated, isolated, and combined in different patients. The performance of the biomarkers was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, and the difference between combinations of biomarkers was compared by Chi-square (χ2) tests. Results As single markers, CYFR21 and CEA showed good diagnostic efficacy for nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, while NSE and CEA were the most sensitive in the diagnosis of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The area under the curve (AUC) value was 0.854 for the panel of four biomarkers (CYFR21, CEA, NSE, and SCC), 0.875 for the panel of six biomarkers (CYFR21, CEA, NSE, SCC, CA125, and CA15-3), and 0.884 for the panel of ten markers (CYFR21, CEA, NSE, SCC, CA125, CA15-3, CA19-9, CA50, CA242, and CA724). With a higher sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV), the diagnostic accuracy of the three panels was better than that of any single biomarker, but there were no statistically significant differences among them (all P values > 0.05). However, the panel of six carbohydrate antigen (CA) biomarkers (CA125, CA15-3, CA19-9, CA50, CA242, and CA724) showed a lower diagnostic value (AUC: 0.776, sensitivity: 59.8%, specificity: 73.0%, and NPV: 60.4%) than the three panels (P value < 0.05). The performance was similar even when analyzed individually by LC subtypes. Conclusion The biomarkers isolated are elevated for different types of lung cancer, and the panel of CYFR21, CEA, NSE, and SCC seems to be a promising serum biomarker for the diagnosis of lung cancer, while the combination with carbohydrate antigen markers does not improve the diagnostic efficacy.
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Zhang W, Yang Z, Gao X, Wu Q. Advances in the discovery of novel biomarkers for cancer: spotlight on protein N-glycosylation. Biomark Med 2020; 14:1031-1045. [PMID: 32940073 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2020-0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Progress on glycosylation and tumor markers has not been extensively reported. Glycosylation plays an important part in post-translational modification. Previous research on glycosylation-modified biomarkers has lagged behind due to insufficient understanding of glycosylation-related regulations. However, some new methods and ideas illustrated in recent research may provide new inspirations in the field. This article aims to review current advances in revealing relationship between tumors and abnormal N-glycosylation and discuss leading-edge applications of N-glycosylation in developing novel tumor biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zhiping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xiaoliang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
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Sun KD, Zhang YJ, Zhu LP, Yang B, Wang SY, Yu ZH, Zhang HC, Chen X. Abnormal serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 levels in a patient with splenic retiform haemangioendothelioma concomitant with hepatic amyloidosis: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:1108-1115. [PMID: 32258081 PMCID: PMC7103981 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i6.1108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) is a glycoprotein that is used as a reliable tool for monitoring pancreatic cancer. Serum CA 19-9 levels are increased in patients suffering from liver, lung, and other non-malignant diseases. Haemangioendothelioma is a vascular neoplasm with a borderline biological behaviour. However, no case of haemangioendothelioma has yet been reported to be associated with CA 19-9.
CASE SUMMARY A 54-year-old Chinese man was referred to our hospital for discontinuous fatigue and unintentional weight loss for over one year. Laboratory investigations revealed an elevated serum CA 19-9 concentration of 39 IU/mL (reference interval, 0–37 IU/mL) over one year before admission. Afterwards, coagulopathy appeared, and the patient’s serum CA 19-9 concentration increased continuously. At the time of admission, abdominal pain and haemorrhagic shock burst occurred, and emergency medical operation was performed. Laboratory investigations conducted upon admission showed a serum CA19-9 concentration of 392.56 IU/mL. Surgical resection of the spleen was undertaken, and pathological examination showed retiform haemangioendothelioma. The patient developed jaundice ten days after surgical excision of the spleen. Pathological examination of needle biopsy samples of the liver yielded a diagnosis of hepatic amyloidosis.
CONCLUSION We describe a rare case of splenic retiform haemangioenthelioma concomitant with hepatic amyloidosis. Physicians should note abnormal serum CA 19-9 levels with early symptoms of fatigue and unintentional weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Di Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yu-Jie Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Lan-Ping Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Sai-Yu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Zi-Han Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Hai-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
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20
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Wang A, Sun B, Wang M, Shi H, Huang Z, He T, Li Q, Deng J, Fu W, Jiang Y. Predictive value of CONUT score combined with serum CA199 levels in postoperative survival of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a retrospective study. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8811. [PMID: 32219033 PMCID: PMC7085292 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The preoperative controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score and serum carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) levels are individually correlated with the prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The objective of this study aimed to investigate the efficacy of CONUT score and CA199 (CONUT-CA199) combination in predicting the prognosis of PDAC patients undergoing radical surgery. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the preoperative CONUT scores and serum CA199 levels of 294 patients with PDAC who underwent radical resection at the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University between March 2012 and July 2019. Patients were divided into four groups on the basis of their preoperative CONUT scores and serum CA199 levels: CONUTlow/CA199low (1), CONUTlow/CA199high (2), CONUThigh/CA199low (3) and CONUThigh/CA199high (4). The prognostic effects were compared among the groups. Results CONUThigh was more frequent in patients with positive peripancreatic infiltration and Clavien–Dindo classification of ≥IIIa (P < 0.001). Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed obvious difference in overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) among patients with PDAC having CONUT-CA199 scores of 1, 2, 3 and 4 (P < 0.001). Peripancreatic infiltration, lymph node metastasis, pTNM stage, CONUT score, serum CA199 levels and CONUT-CA199 classification were found to be the independent prognostic factors for OS and RFS in multivariate analyses. In time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, the area of the CONUT-CA199 score under the ROC curve (AUC) was higher than that of the preoperative CONUT score or serum CA199 levels for the prediction of OS and RFS. Conclusion CONUT-CA199 classification may be more effective in predicting the postoperative prognosis of PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China.,Department of General Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Nutrition, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiu Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaqi Deng
- Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenguang Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China
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21
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Zhang M, Dou H, Yang D, Shan M, Li X, Hao C, Zhang Y, Zeng P, He Y, Liu Y, Fu J, Wang W, Hu M, Li H, Tian Q, Lei S, Zhang L. Retrospective analysis of glycan-related biomarkers based on clinical laboratory data in two medical centers during the past 6 years. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2019; 162:141-163. [PMID: 30905446 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Most of clinically used cancer biomarkers are either specific glycan structures or glycoproteins. Although the high serum levels of the cancer biomarkers are also present in certain patients suffering noncancer diseases, systematic measurement and comparison of the serum levels of all cancer biomarkers among cancer and noncancer patients have not been reported. In this study, the serum levels of 17 glucose and glycan-related biomarkers including 10 cancer biomarkers SCCA, CA724, CA50, CA242, CA125, CA199, CA153, AFP, CEA, and PSA were retrospectively investigated based on clinical laboratory data in two medical centers during the past 6 years (2012-2018). The data included a total of 1,477,309 clinical lab test results of 17 biomarkers from healthy controls and patients suffering 64 different types of cancer and noncancer diseases. We found that the median serum levels of CA724, CEA, CA153, SCCA, and CA125 were highest not in cancer patients but in patients suffering gout, lung fibrosis, nephrotic syndrome, uremia, and cirrhosis, respectively. Consistently, the classical ovarian cancer biomarker CA125 had better overall sensitivity and specificity as biomarker for cirrhosis (67% and 92%, respectively) than that for ovarian cancer (41% and 97%, respectively). Furthermore, the information shown as heatmap or waterfall built on the -Log10p values of the 17 glycan-related biomarkers in different clinically defined diseases suggested that all glycan-related biomarkers had cancer-, aging-, and disease-relevant characteristics and cancers were systems disease. The detailed presentation of the data for each of the 17 biomarkers will be deliberated in chapters 6-23 in this book series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
| | - Huaiqian Dou
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Dandan Yang
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Ming Shan
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiulian Li
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Cui Hao
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yiran Zhang
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Pengjiao Zeng
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanli He
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Fu
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Minghui Hu
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Li
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingwu Tian
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuhe Lei
- College of Mathematical Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
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