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Metzger W, Rösch B, Sossong D, Bubel M, Pohlemann T. Flow cytometric quantification of apoptotic and proliferating cells applying an improved method for dissociation of spheroids. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:1633-1643. [PMID: 33913594 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Spheroids are a promising tool for many cell culture applications, but their microscopic analysis is limited. Flow cytometry on a single cell basis, which requires a gentle but also efficient dissociation of spheroids, could be an alternative analysis. Mono-culture and coculture spheroids consisting of human fibroblasts and human endothelial cells were generated by the liquid overlay technique and were dissociated using AccuMax as a dissociation agent combined with gentle mechanical forces. This study aimed to quantify the number of apoptotic and proliferative cells. We were able to dissociate spheroids of differing size, age, and cellular composition in a single-step dissociation protocol within 10 min. The number of single cells was higher than 95% and in most cases, the viability of the cells after dissociation was higher than 85%. Coculture spheroids exhibited a higher sensitivity as shown by lower viability, higher amount of cellular debris, and a higher amount of apoptotic cells. Considerable expression of the proliferation marker Ki67 could only be seen in 1-day-old spheroids but was already downregulated on Day 3. In summary, our dissociation protocol enabled a fast and gentle dissociation of spheroids for the subsequent flow cytometric analysis. The chosen cell type had a strong influence on cell viability and apoptosis. Initially high rates of proliferative cells decreased rapidly and reached values of healthy tissue 3 days after generation of the spheroids. In conclusion, the flow cytometry of dissociated spheroids could be a promising analytical tool, which could be ideally combined with microscopic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Metzger
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Rösch
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Sossong
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Monika Bubel
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Tim Pohlemann
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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Decarli MC, do Amaral RLF, Dos Santos DP, Tofani LB, Katayama E, Rezende RA, Silva JVLD, Swiech K, Suazo CAT, Mota C, Moroni L, Moraes ÂM. Cell spheroids as a versatile research platform: formation mechanisms, high throughput production, characterization and applications. Biofabrication 2021; 13. [PMID: 33592595 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/abe6f2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional cell culture has tremendous advantages to closely mimic the in vivo architecture and microenvironment of healthy tissue and organs, as well as of solid tumors. Spheroids are currently the most attractive 3D model to produce uniform reproducible cell structures as well as a potential basis for engineering large tissues and complex organs. In this review we discuss, from an engineering perspective, processes to obtain uniform 3D cell spheroids, comparing dynamic and static cultures and considering aspects such as mass transfer and shear stress. In addition, computational and mathematical modelling of complex cell spheroid systems are discussed. The non-cell-adhesive hydrogel-based method and dynamic cell culture in bioreactors are focused in detail and the myriad of developed spheroid characterization techniques is presented. The main bottlenecks and weaknesses are discussed, especially regarding the analysis of morphological parameters, cell quantification and viability, gene expression profiles, metabolic behavior and high-content analysis. Finally, a vast set of applications of spheroids as tools for in vitro study model systems is examined, including drug screening, tissue formation, pathologies development, tissue engineering and biofabrication, 3D bioprinting and microfluidics, together with their use in high-throughput platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monize Caiado Decarli
- School of Chemical Engineering/Department of Engineering of Materials and of Bioprocesses, University of Campinas, Av. Albert Einstein, 500 - Bloco A - Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, 13083-852, BRAZIL
| | - Robson Luis Ferraz do Amaral
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto/Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, no number, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, BRAZIL
| | - Diogo Peres Dos Santos
- Departament of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luiz (SP-310), km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, BRAZIL
| | - Larissa Bueno Tofani
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto/Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, no number, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, BRAZIL
| | - Eric Katayama
- Departament of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luiz (SP-310), km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, BRAZIL
| | - Rodrigo Alvarenga Rezende
- Centro de Tecnologia da Informacao Renato Archer, Rod. Dom Pedro I (SP-65), km 143,6 - Amarais, Campinas, SP, 13069-901, BRAZIL
| | - Jorge Vicente Lopes da Silva
- Centro de Tecnologia da Informacao Renato Archer, Rod. Dom Pedro I (SP-65), km 143,6 - Amarais, Campinas, SP, 13069-901, BRAZIL
| | - Kamilla Swiech
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto/Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 14040-903, BRAZIL
| | - Cláudio Alberto Torres Suazo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luiz (SP-310), km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, BRAZIL
| | - Carlos Mota
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration (CTR), University of Maastricht , Universiteitssingel, 40, office 3.541A, Maastricht, 6229 ER, NETHERLANDS
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Complex Tissue Regeneration, Maastricht University, Universiteitsingel, 40, Maastricht, 6229ER, NETHERLANDS
| | - Ângela Maria Moraes
- School of Chemical Engineering/Department of Engineering of Materials and of Bioprocesses, University of Campinas, Av. Albert Einstein, 500 - Bloco A - Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, 13083-852, BRAZIL
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Li Y, Wang Y, Shen C, Meng Q. Non-swellable F127-DA hydrogel with concave microwells for formation of uniform-sized vascular spheroids. RSC Adv 2020; 10:44494-44502. [PMID: 35517174 PMCID: PMC9058638 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06188c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels with concave microwells are one of the simplest means to obtain uniform-sized cellular spheroids. However, the inherent swelling of hydrogels leads to reduced mechanical strength and thus deforms the structure of the microwells. In this study, we developed a hydrogel with microwells for formation of vascular spheroids via non-swellable di-acrylated Pluronic F127 (F127-DA), which showed higher mechanical strength than a conventional di-acrylated polyethylene glycol (PEG-DA) hydrogel. The uniform-sized vascular spheroids were spontaneously generated by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and fibroblasts in the microwells. The endothelial functions of vascular spheroids were about 1-fold higher than those in two-dimensional (2D) culture, as indicated by secretion of nitric oxide (NO), prostacyclin (PGI2) and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI). Interestingly, the vascular spheroids with large diameter showed higher sensitivity to ethanol toxicity than those with small diameter, possibly due to the higher endothelial functions of large spheroids. Hence, F127-DA hydrogel with concave microwells provides a convenient way of forming uniform-sized spheroids that are useful for high throughput screening of drug/food toxicity. Hydrogels with concave microwells are one of the simplest means to obtain uniform-sized cellular spheroids.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Li
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Chong Shen
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Qin Meng
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
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3D Spheroids Derived from Human Lipedema ASCs Demonstrated Similar Adipogenic Differentiation Potential and ECM Remodeling to Non-Lipedema ASCs In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218350. [PMID: 33171717 PMCID: PMC7664323 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth and differentiation of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) is stimulated and regulated by the adipose tissue (AT) microenvironment. In lipedema, both inflammation and hypoxia influence the expansion and differentiation of ASCs, resulting in hypertrophic adipocytes and deposition of collagen, a primary component of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The goal of this study was to characterize the adipogenic differentiation potential and assess the levels of expression of ECM-remodeling markers in 3D spheroids derived from ASCs isolated from both lipedema and healthy individuals. The data showed an increase in the expression of the adipogenic genes (ADIPOQ, LPL, PPAR-γ and Glut4), a decrease in matrix metalloproteinases (MMP2, 9 and 11), with no significant changes in the expression of ECM markers (collagen and fibronectin), or integrin A5 in 3D differentiated lipedema spheroids as compared to healthy spheroids. In addition, no statistically significant changes in the levels of expression of inflammatory genes were detected in any of the samples. However, immunofluorescence staining showed a decrease in fibronectin and increase in laminin and Collagen VI expression in the 3D differentiated spheroids in both groups. The use of 3D ASC spheroids provide a functional model to study the cellular and molecular characteristics of lipedema AT.
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Benmeridja L, De Moor L, De Maere E, Vanlauwe F, Ryx M, Tytgat L, Vercruysse C, Dubruel P, Van Vlierberghe S, Blondeel P, Declercq H. High‐throughput fabrication of vascularized adipose microtissues for 3D bioprinting. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 14:840-854. [DOI: 10.1002/term.3051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Benmeridja
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesGhent University Ghent Belgium
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesGhent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
| | - Lise De Moor
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesGhent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Elisabeth De Maere
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesGhent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
| | - Florian Vanlauwe
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesGhent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
| | - Michelle Ryx
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesGhent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
| | - Liesbeth Tytgat
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of SciencesGhent University Ghent Belgium
- Brussels Photonics (B‐PHOT), Department of Applied Physics and PhotonicsVrije Universiteit Brussel and Flanders Make Brussels Belgium
| | - Chris Vercruysse
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesGhent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Peter Dubruel
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of SciencesGhent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Sandra Van Vlierberghe
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of SciencesGhent University Ghent Belgium
- Brussels Photonics (B‐PHOT), Department of Applied Physics and PhotonicsVrije Universiteit Brussel and Flanders Make Brussels Belgium
| | - Phillip Blondeel
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesGhent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
| | - Heidi Declercq
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesGhent University Ghent Belgium
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St-Georges-Robillard A, Cahuzac M, Péant B, Fleury H, Lateef MA, Ricard A, Sauriol A, Leblond F, Mes-Masson AM, Gervais T. Long-term fluorescence hyperspectral imaging of on-chip treated co-culture tumour spheroids to follow clonal evolution. Integr Biol (Camb) 2019; 11:130-141. [PMID: 31172192 DOI: 10.1093/intbio/zyz012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Multicellular tumour spheroids are an ideal in vitro tumour model to study clonal heterogeneity and drug resistance in cancer research because different cell types can be mixed at will. However, measuring the individual response of each cell population over time is challenging: current methods are either destructive, such as flow cytometry, or cannot image throughout a spheroid, such as confocal microscopy. Our group previously developed a wide-field fluorescence hyperspectral imaging system to study spheroids formed and cultured in microfluidic chips. In the present study, two subclones of a single parental ovarian cancer cell line transfected to express different fluorophores were produced and co-culture spheroids were formed on-chip using ratios forming highly asymmetric subpopulations. We performed a 3D proliferation assay on each cell population forming the spheroids that matched the 2D growth behaviour. Response assays to PARP inhibitors and platinum-based drugs were also performed to follow the clonal evolution of mixed populations. Our experiments show that hyperspectral imaging can detect spheroid response before observing a decrease in spheroid diameter. Hyperspectral imaging and microfluidic-based spheroid assays provide a versatile solution to study clonal heterogeneity, able to measure response in subpopulations presenting as little as 10% of the initial spheroid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie St-Georges-Robillard
- Polytechnique Montréal, Department of Engineering Physics and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Montreal, Canada
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Maxime Cahuzac
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Benjamin Péant
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- TransMedTech Institute, Montréal, Canada
| | - Hubert Fleury
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Muhammad Abdul Lateef
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Alexis Ricard
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Alexandre Sauriol
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Frédéric Leblond
- Polytechnique Montréal, Department of Engineering Physics and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Montreal, Canada
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Mes-Masson
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Department of Medicine, Montreal, Canada
| | - Thomas Gervais
- Polytechnique Montréal, Department of Engineering Physics and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Montreal, Canada
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
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Grässer U, Bubel M, Sossong D, Oberringer M, Pohlemann T, Metzger W. Dissociation of mono- and co-culture spheroids into single cells for subsequent flow cytometric analysis. Ann Anat 2018; 216:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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8
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Le Clerc J, Tricot-Doleux S, Pellen-Mussi P, Pérard M, Jeanne S, Pérez F. Expression of factors involved in dental pulp physiopathological processes by nemotic human pulpal fibroblasts. Int Endod J 2017; 51 Suppl 2:e94-e106. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Le Clerc
- Faculté d'Odontologie; Equipe Verres et Céramiques; UMR CNRS 6226; Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1; Rennes France
- Service d'Odontologie Conservatrice et Endodontie; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire; Rennes France
| | - S. Tricot-Doleux
- Faculté d'Odontologie; Equipe Verres et Céramiques; UMR CNRS 6226; Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1; Rennes France
| | - P. Pellen-Mussi
- Faculté d'Odontologie; Equipe Verres et Céramiques; UMR CNRS 6226; Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1; Rennes France
| | - M. Pérard
- Faculté d'Odontologie; Equipe Verres et Céramiques; UMR CNRS 6226; Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1; Rennes France
- Service d'Odontologie Conservatrice et Endodontie; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire; Rennes France
| | - S. Jeanne
- Faculté d'Odontologie; Equipe Verres et Céramiques; UMR CNRS 6226; Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1; Rennes France
- Service de Parodontologie; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire; Rennes France
| | - F. Pérez
- Service d'Odontologie Conservatrice et Endodontie; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire; Nantes France
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Evaluation of cell-surface interaction using a 3D spheroid cell culture model on artificial extracellular matrices. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 73:310-318. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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3D tumor spheroids: an overview on the tools and techniques used for their analysis. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:1427-1441. [PMID: 27845258 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 502] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In comparison with 2D cell culture models, 3D spheroids are able to accurately mimic some features of solid tumors, such as their spatial architecture, physiological responses, secretion of soluble mediators, gene expression patterns and drug resistance mechanisms. These unique characteristics highlight the potential of 3D cellular aggregates to be used as in vitro models for screening new anticancer therapeutics, both at a small and large scale. Nevertheless, few reports have focused on describing the tools and techniques currently available to extract significant biological data from these models. Such information will be fundamental to drug and therapeutic discovery process using 3D cell culture models. The present review provides an overview of the techniques that can be employed to characterize and evaluate the efficacy of anticancer therapeutics in 3D tumor spheroids.
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Matte I, Legault CM, Garde-Granger P, Laplante C, Bessette P, Rancourt C, Piché A. Mesothelial cells interact with tumor cells for the formation of ovarian cancer multicellular spheroids in peritoneal effusions. Clin Exp Metastasis 2016; 33:839-852. [PMID: 27612856 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-016-9821-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) dissemination is primarily mediated by the shedding of tumor cells from the primary site into ascites where they form multicellular spheroids that rapidly lead to peritoneal carcinomatosis. While the clinical importance and fundamental role of multicellular spheroids in EOC is increasingly appreciated, the mechanisms that regulate their formation and dictate their cellular composition remain poorly characterized. To investigate these important questions, we characterized spheroids isolated from ascites of women with EOC. We found that in these spheroids, a core of mesothelial cells was encased in a shell of tumor cells. Analysis further revealed that EOC spheroids are dynamic structures of proliferating, non-proliferating and hypoxic regions. To recapitulate these in vivo findings, we developed a three-dimensional co-culture model of primary EOC and mesothelial cells. Our analysis indicated that, compared to the OVCAR3 cell line, primary EOC cells isolated from ascites as well as mesothelial cells formed compact spheroids. Analysis of heterotypic spheroid microarchitecture revealed a structure that grossly resembles the structure of spheroids isolated from ascites. Cells that formed compact spheroids had elevated expression of β1 integrin and low expression of E-cadherin. Addition of β1 integrin blocking antibody or siRNA-mediated downregulation of β1 integrin resulted in reduced tightness of the spheroids. Interestingly, the loss of MUC16 and E-cadherin expression resulted in the formation of more compact spheroids. Therefore, our findings support the heterotypic nature of spheroids from malignant EOC ascites. In addition, our data describe an unusual link between E-cadherin expression and less compact spheroids. Our data also emphasize the role of MUC16 and β1 integrin in EOC spheroid formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Matte
- Département de Microbiologie et Infectiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ième Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Clara Major Legault
- Département de Microbiologie et Infectiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ième Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Perrine Garde-Granger
- Département de Pathologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ième Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Claude Laplante
- Département de Pathologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ième Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Paul Bessette
- Département de Chirurgie, Service d'Obstétrique-Gynécologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ième Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Claudine Rancourt
- Département de Microbiologie et Infectiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ième Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Alain Piché
- Département de Microbiologie et Infectiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ième Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada.
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Jennewein M, Bubel M, Guthörl S, Metzger W, Weigert M, Pohlemann T, Oberringer M. Two- and three-dimensional co-culture models of soft tissue healing: pericyte-endothelial cell interaction. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 365:279-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2391-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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13
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Genova T, Munaron L, Carossa S, Mussano F. Overcoming physical constraints in bone engineering: ‘the importance of being vascularized’. J Biomater Appl 2015; 30:940-51. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328215616749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bone plays several physiological functions and is the second most commonly transplanted tissue after blood. Since the treatment of large bone defects is still unsatisfactory, researchers have endeavoured to obtain scaffolds able to release growth and differentiation factors for mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts and endothelial cells in order to obtain faster mineralization and prompt a reliable vascularization. Nowadays, the application of osteoblastic cultures spans from cell physiology and pharmacology to cytocompatibility measurement and osteogenic potential evaluation of novel biomaterials. To overcome the simple traditional monocultures in vitro, co-cultures of osteogenic and vasculogenic precursors were introduced with very interesting results. Increasingly complex culture systems have been developed, where cells are seeded on proper scaffolds and stimulated so as to mimic the physiological conditions more accurately. These bioreactors aim at enabling bone regeneration by incorporating different cells types into bio-inspired materials within a surveilled habitat. This review is focused on the most recent developments in the organomimetic cultures of osteoblasts and vascular endothelial cells for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Genova
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Italy
- C.I.R. Dental School, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - L Munaron
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Italy
| | - S Carossa
- C.I.R. Dental School, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - F Mussano
- C.I.R. Dental School, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
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