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Rad EH, Kavandi F, Kouchakinejad-Eramsadati L, Asadi K, Khodadadi-Hassankiadeh N. Self-reported cycling behavior and previous history of traffic accidents of cyclists. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:780. [PMID: 38481219 PMCID: PMC10936005 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18282-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclists are vulnerable traffic users and studying the cycling behavior of professional and elite cyclists, their previous history of traffic accidents combined with the current knowledge on high-risk behaviors of this group can be a useful basis for further studies on ordinary cyclists. This study aimed to determine the relationship between cycling behavior and the previous history of traffic accidents among members of the Cycling Federation of Guilan province in 2022. METHODS A descriptive-analytical study was performed in which the Bicycle Rider Behavior Questionnaire (BRBQ) constructed in the Porsline platform was distributed using the WhatsApp social network. All participants were asked to self-report their cycling behavior. The final analysis was performed by using STATA software (version 14). RESULTS The study subjects included a total of 109 cyclists with a mean age of 38.62 ± 10.94 years and a mean cycling experience of 13.75 ± 11.08 years. Using the logistic regression model, the relationship between gender (P = 0.039), years of cycling experience (P = 0.000), and education level (P ≤ 0.00), with previous traffic accidents, was found significant. There was also a significant relationship between stunts and distractions (P = 0.005), signaling violation (P = 0.000), and control error (P = 0.011) with previous traffic accidents. A significant association existed between stunts and distractions (P = 0.001) and signaling violation (P = 0.001) with a previous history of traffic injury within the last 3 years. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study can be used to establish cyclist safety and preventative planning in society. In behavior change intervention programs, it is best to target male cyclists with higher-level education. In addition, the behavior of the cyclists whose predominant term of signaling violations must be corrected should be targeted. It is necessary to shape information campaigns and educational programs aimed for cyclists with common high-risk behaviors, especially signaling violations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enayatollah Homaie Rad
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Trauma Institute, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kavandi
- School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Kamran Asadi
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Poursina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Naema Khodadadi-Hassankiadeh
- Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Trauma Institute, Poursina Hospital, Namjoo St, 4193713194, Rasht, Guilan, Iran.
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Alnawmasi N, Ali Y, Yasmin S. Exploring temporal instability effects on bicyclist injury severities determinants for intersection and non-intersection-related crashes. ACCIDENT; ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION 2024; 194:107339. [PMID: 37857092 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2023.107339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Cycling is a sustainable and healthy mode of transportation with direct links to reducing traffic congestion, lowering greenhouse gas emissions, and improving air quality. However, from a safety perspective, bicyclists represent a risky road user group with a higher likelihood of sustaining severe injuries when involved in vehicle crashes. With various determinants known to affect bicyclist injury severity and vary across locations, this study investigates the factors affecting bicyclist injury severity and temporal instability, considering the location of crashes. More specifically, the objective of this study is to understand differences in injury severities of intersection and non-intersection-related single-bicycle-vehicle crashes using four year crash data from the state of Florida. Random parameters logit models with heterogeneity in the means and variances are developed to model bicyclist injury severity outcomes (no injury, minor injury, and severe injury) for intersection and non-intersection crashes. Several variables affecting injury severities are considered in model estimation, including weather, roadway, vehicle, driver, and bicyclist characteristics. The temporal stability of the model parameters is assessed for different locations and years using a series of likelihood ratio tests. Results indicate that the determinants of bicyclist injury severities change over time and location, resulting in different injury severities of bicyclists, with non-intersection crashes consistently resulting in more severe bicyclist injuries. Using a simulation-based out-of-sample approach, predictions are made to understand the benefits of replicating driving behaviour and facilities similar to intersections for non-intersection locations, which could benefit in reducing bicyclist injury severity probabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawaf Alnawmasi
- Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Ha'il, Hail 55474, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Yasir Ali
- School of Architecture, Building, and Civil Engineering, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom.
| | - Shamsunnahar Yasmin
- Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety-Queensland (CARRS-Q), and School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
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Jing P, Wang W, Jiang C, Zha Y, Ming B. Determinants of switching behavior to wear helmets when riding e-bikes, a two-step SEM-ANFIS approach. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2023; 20:9135-9158. [PMID: 37161237 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2023401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
E-bikes have become one of China's most popular travel modes. The authorities have issued helmet-wearing regulations to increase wearing rates to protect e-bike riders' safety, but the effect is unsatisfactory. To reveal the factors influencing the helmet-wearing behavior of e-bike riders, this study constructed a theoretical Push-Pull-Mooring (PPM) model to analyze the factor's relationship from the perspective of travel behavior switching. A two-step SEM-ANFIS method is proposed to test relationships, rank importance and analyze the combined effect of psychological variables. The Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) was used to obtain the significant influencing factors. The Adaptive Network-based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), a nonlinear approach, was applied to analyze the importance of the significant influencing factors and draw refined conclusions and suggestions from the analysis of the combined effects. The PPM model we constructed has a good model fit and high model predictive validity (GOF = 0.381, R2 = 0.442). We found that three significant factors tested by PLS-SEM, perceived legal norms (β = 0.234, p < 0.001), perceived inconvenience (β = -0.117, p < 0.001) and conformity tendency (β = 0.241, p < 0.05), are the most important factors in the effects of push, mooring and pull. The results also demonstrated that legal norm is the most important factor but has less effect on people with low perceived vulnerability, and low subjective norms will make people with high conformity tendency to follow the crowd blindly. This study could contribute to developing refined interventions to improve the helmet-wearing rate effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Jing
- School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Weichao Wang
- School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chengxi Jiang
- School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ye Zha
- School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Baixu Ming
- School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Dzisi EKJ, Lugada T. Modeling the potential shift from motorcycles (boda bodas) to bicycles among young people on a Ugandan university campus. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e00741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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O’Hern S, Estgfaeller N, Stephens AN, Useche SA. Bicycle Rider Behavior and Crash Involvement in Australia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:2378. [PMID: 33804479 PMCID: PMC7967758 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This research investigated how behaviours and attitudes of bicycle riders influence crash frequency and severity. The study recruited 1102 Australian bicycle riders for an online survey. The survey comprised questions on demographics, frequency of riding and the number and severity of traffic crashes during the last five years. The survey included the Cycling Behaviour Questionnaire and the Cyclist Risk Perception and Regulation Scale. Overall, there were low levels of errors and violations reported by participants indicating that these behaviours were on average never or rarely exhibited while riding a bicycle. Conversely, participants reported high levels of engagement in positive behaviours and reported high levels of traffic rule knowledge and risk perception. Higher rates of violations and errors were associated with increased crash likelihood, while higher rates of positive behaviours were associated with reduced rates of crash involvement in a period of 5 years. The findings highlight the relationship between errors, total crashes and crash severity Further promotion of positive behaviours amongst riders may also help to reduce the risk of crashes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve O’Hern
- Monash University Accident Research Centre, Clayton 3800, Australia; (N.E.); (A.N.S.)
- Transport Research Centre Verne, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Nora Estgfaeller
- Monash University Accident Research Centre, Clayton 3800, Australia; (N.E.); (A.N.S.)
| | - Amanda N. Stephens
- Monash University Accident Research Centre, Clayton 3800, Australia; (N.E.); (A.N.S.)
| | - Sergio A. Useche
- Faculty of Psychology—INTRAS Research Centre, University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
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Brown L, Morris A, Thomas P, Ekambaram K, Margaritis D, Davidse R, Usami DS, Robibaro M, Persia L, Buttler I, Ziakopoulos A, Theofilatos A, Yannis G, Martin A, Wadji F. Investigation of accidents involving powered two wheelers and bicycles - A European in-depth study. JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH 2021; 76:135-145. [PMID: 33653544 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2020.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The number of road fatalities have been falling throughout the European Union (EU) over the past 20 years and most Member States have achieved an overall reduction. Research has mainly focused on protecting car occupants, with car occupant fatalities reducing significantly. However, recently there has been a plateauing in fatalities amongst 'Vulnerable Road Users' (VRUs), and in 2016 accidents involving VRUs accounted for nearly half of all EU road deaths. METHOD The SaferWheels study collected in-depth data on 500 accidents involving Powered Two-Wheelers (PTWs) and bicycles across six European countries. A standard in-depth accident investigation methodology was used by each team. The Driver Reliability and Error Analysis Method (DREAM) was used to systematically classify accident causation factors. RESULTS The most common causal factors related to errors in observation by the PTW/bicycle rider or the driver of the other vehicle, typically called 'looked but failed to see' accidents. Common scenarios involved the other vehicle turning or crossing in front of the PTW/bicycle. A quarter of serious or fatal injuries to PTW riders occurred in accidents where the rider lost control with no other vehicle involvement. CONCLUSIONS Highly detailed data have been collected for 500 accidents involving PTWs or bicycles in the EU. These data can be further analyzed by researchers on a case-study basis to gain detailed insights on such accidents. Preliminary analysis suggests that 'looked but failed to see' remains a common cause, and in many cases the actions of the other vehicle were the critical factor, though PTW rider speed or inexperience played a role in some cases. Practical Applications: The collected data can be analyzed to better understand the characteristics and causes of accidents involving PTWs and bicycles in the EU. The results can be used to develop policies aimed at reducing road deaths and injuries to VRUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Brown
- Transport Safety Research Centre, Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK.
| | - Andrew Morris
- Transport Safety Research Centre, Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Pete Thomas
- Transport Safety Research Centre, Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Karthikeyan Ekambaram
- Transport Safety Research Centre, Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Dimitris Margaritis
- Hellenic Institute of Transport, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), 6th Km Charilaou - Thermi R, Thermi, Thessaloniki, Macedonia 57001, Greece
| | - Ragnhild Davidse
- SWOV Institute for Road Safety Research, PO Box 93113, 2509 AC Den Haag, The Netherlands
| | - Davide Shingo Usami
- Centro di Ricerca per il Trasporto e la Logistica (CTL), Sapienza Università di Roma, Via Eudossiana, 18, 00184 Roma, Italy
| | - Massimo Robibaro
- Centro di Ricerca per il Trasporto e la Logistica (CTL), Sapienza Università di Roma, Via Eudossiana, 18, 00184 Roma, Italy
| | - Luca Persia
- Centro di Ricerca per il Trasporto e la Logistica (CTL), Sapienza Università di Roma, Via Eudossiana, 18, 00184 Roma, Italy
| | - Ilona Buttler
- Motor Transport Institute (ITS), 80 Jagiellońska Str., 03-301 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Apostolos Ziakopoulos
- National Technical University of Athens, Department of Transportation Planning and Engineering, 5 Heroon Polytechniou Str., GR-15773 Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Theofilatos
- National Technical University of Athens, Department of Transportation Planning and Engineering, 5 Heroon Polytechniou Str., GR-15773 Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - George Yannis
- National Technical University of Athens, Department of Transportation Planning and Engineering, 5 Heroon Polytechniou Str., GR-15773 Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Alain Martin
- European Centre for Safety Studies and Risk Analysis (CEESAR), 132 rue des Suisses, 92000 Nanterre, France
| | - Fallou Wadji
- European Centre for Safety Studies and Risk Analysis (CEESAR), 132 rue des Suisses, 92000 Nanterre, France
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Martín-de-Los Reyes LM, Martínez-Ruiz V, Lardelli-Claret P, Moreno-Roldán E, Molina-Soberanes D, Jiménez-Mejías E. [Association between type of vehicle and the risk of provoking a collision between vehicles]. GACETA SANITARIA 2018; 34:350-355. [PMID: 30578042 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantify the magnitude of the association between the type of vehicle and the probability of being responsible for a collision between two or more vehicles. METHOD From the registry of road crashes with victims maintained by the Spanish Traffic General Directorate (2014 and 2015), a matched case-control study was designed. Cases were offending drivers involved in the 27,630 collisions between two or more vehicles in which only one of the drivers had committed a driving mistake or offence. Each case was matched with the non-offending drivers of the vehicles involved in the same crash: in all, 31,219 controls were included. Apart from the commission of offences and the type of vehicle involved, we got information about other characteristics of the driver (age, sex, etc.) and about the vehicle (age). Odds ratios (OR) were calculated in order to quantify the association between each type of vehicle and the odds of being responsible for the collision, crude and adjusted (by conditioned logistic regression) by the rest of collected variables. RESULTS In comparison with private cars, bicycles had a lower risk of causing a collision (adjusted OR: .30), and also mopeds (aOR: .52) and buses (aOR: .63). Vans (aOR: 1.19) and four-wheel vehicles (aOR: 1.33) increased the risk. CONCLUSION Two-wheeled vehicles and buses had a lower risk of causing collisions than private cars. This association is independent of some of the characteristics of the driver, as well as the age of the vehicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Miguel Martín-de-Los Reyes
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, España; Programa de Doctorado en Medicina Clínica y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, Granada, España
| | - Virginia Martínez-Ruiz
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, España; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Granada, España.
| | - Pablo Lardelli-Claret
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, España; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Granada, España
| | - Elena Moreno-Roldán
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, España; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Granada, España
| | - Daniel Molina-Soberanes
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, España; Programa de Doctorado en Medicina Clínica y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, Granada, España
| | - Eladio Jiménez-Mejías
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, España; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Granada, España
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Debnath AK, Haworth N, Schramm A, Heesch KC, Somoray K. Factors influencing noncompliance with bicycle passing distance laws. ACCIDENT; ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION 2018; 115:137-142. [PMID: 29571011 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2018.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Many jurisdictions around the world have implemented laws to require a minimum distance when motor vehicles pass cyclists, but research into the factors influencing passing distances has produced inconsistent results, indicating the need for future research. This study examined the factors influencing motorists' compliance with a legislated bicycle passing distance rule in Queensland, Australia. Unlike the earlier studies, which used volunteer riders to record passing events, this study used a naturalistic study design to record passing events where none of the motorists or the cyclists were aware of being studied. As a result, this study captured the 'true' driving and riding behaviours during passing events. The likelihood of non-compliance was greater on higher (70-80 km/h speed limits) and lower (40 km/h) speed roads than 60 km/h roads, at curved road sections, and on roads with narrower traffic lanes. Rider characteristics (age, gender, helmet status, type of clothing, type of bicycle, and individual or group riding) had no statistically significant association with compliance status. The findings indicate that efforts to improve cyclist safety during overtaking events should focus on non-rider related factors, such as roadway infrastructure characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashim Kumar Debnath
- Victoria University, Australia; Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety-Queensland (CARRS-Q), Australia.
| | - Narelle Haworth
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety-Queensland (CARRS-Q), Australia
| | - Amy Schramm
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety-Queensland (CARRS-Q), Australia
| | - Kristiann C Heesch
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), School of Public Health and Social Work, Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Australia
| | - Klaire Somoray
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety-Queensland (CARRS-Q), Australia
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