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Qi Z, Wang R, Liao R, Xue S, Wang Y. Neferine Ameliorates Sepsis-Induced Myocardial Dysfunction Through Anti-Apoptotic and Antioxidative Effects by Regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:706251. [PMID: 34366860 PMCID: PMC8344844 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.706251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Septic cardiomyopathy is a common complication of severe sepsis, which is one of the leading causes of death in intensive care units. Therefore, finding an effective therapy target is urgent. Neferine is an alkaloid extracted from the green embryos of mature seeds of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn., which has been reported to exhibit various biological activities and pharmacological properties. This study aims to explore the protective effects of neferine against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced myocardial dysfunction and its mechanisms. The LPS-induced cardiac dysfunction mouse model was employed to investigate the protective effects of neferine. In this study, we demonstrated that neferine remarkably improved cardiac function and survival rate and ameliorated morphological damage to heart tissue in LPS-induced mice. Neferine also improved cell viability and mitochondrial function and reduced cell apoptosis and the production of reactive oxygen species in LPS-treated H9c2 cells. In addition, neferine significantly upregulated Bcl-2 expression and suppressed cleaved caspase 3 activity in LPS-induced mouse heart tissue and H9c2 cells. Furthermore, neferine also upregulated the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mechanistic target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. Conversely, LY294002 (a PI3K inhibitor) reversed the protective effect of neferine in LPS-induced H9c2 cells. Our findings thus demonstrate that neferine ameliorates LPS-induced cardiac dysfunction by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and presents a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of LPS-induced cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Qi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renrong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi No. 2 Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Rongheng Liao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Song Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongyi Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Han L, Zhuo Q, Zhou Y, Qian Y. Propofol protects human cardiac cells against chemical hypoxiainduced injury by regulating the JNK signaling pathways. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:1864-1870. [PMID: 32104242 PMCID: PMC7027152 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Propofol is a widely used intravenous anesthetic shown to exert a cardioprotective role against oxidative stress and ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat cardiac H9c2 cells. However, the regulatory mechanisms and functions of propofol in human cardiomyocytes remain unknown. The present study chemically induced hypoxia with cobalt chloride (CoCl2) to mimic cardiomyocyte ischemic injury in human cardiac AC16 and HCM cells. To investigate its underlying mechanisms, propofol was added to the cells before the chemical hypoxia phase. The present results suggested that, in response to hypoxia, mitochondrial membrane potential was lost, and cardiomyocyte viability and superoxide dismutase levels decreased. However, the present results showed that reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels increased. The present results suggested that these effects were significantly reversed following propofol treatment. Additionally, the present results suggested that the protective effect of propofol against CoCl2-induced injury may be inhibited by the activation of the JNK signaling pathways. The present results indicated that propofol pre-treatment inhibited CoCl2-induced myocardial injury by preventing mitochondrial dysfunction, which may be partially due to the activation of the JNK signaling pathways. Therefore, propofol may exert anti-oxidative effects in human cardiac cells. The present results suggested that propofol may be used as a treatment for oxidative stress-related cardiac disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, P.R. China.,Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Zhuo
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, P.R. China
| | - Yanning Qian
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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Wu ZF, Lin WL, Lee MS, Hung NK, Huang YS, Chen TW, Lu CH. Propofol vs desflurane on the cytokine, matrix metalloproteinase-9, and heme oxygenase-1 response during living donor liver transplantation: A pilot study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e18244. [PMID: 31770287 PMCID: PMC6890360 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the effects of propofol vs desflurane on ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI)-induced inflammatory responses, especially in matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) downregulation and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) upregulation, which may result in different clinical outcomes in liver transplant recipients. METHODS Fifty liver transplant recipients were randomized to receive propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA group, n = 25) or desflurane anesthesia (DES group, n = 25). We then measured the following: perioperative serum cytokine concentrations (interleukin 1 receptor antagonist [IL-1RA], IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10); MMP-9 and HO-1 mRNA expression levels at predefined intervals. Further, postoperative outcomes were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS The TIVA group showed a significant HO-1 level increase following the anhepatic phase and a significant MMP-9 reduction after reperfusion, in addition to a significant increase in IL-10 levels after the anhepatic phase and IL-1RA levels after reperfusion. Compared to DES patients, TIVA patients showed a faster return of the international normalized ratio to normal values, lower plasma alanine aminotransferase concentrations 24 hours after transplantation, and fewer patients developing acute lung injury. Moreover, compared with DES patients, TIVA patients showed a significant reduction in serum blood lactate levels. However, there were no differences in postoperative outcomes between the two groups. CONCLUSION Propofol-based TIVA attenuated inflammatory response (elevated IL-1RA and IL-10 levels), downregulated MMP-9 response, and increased HO-1 expression with improved recovery of graft function and better microcirculation compared with desflurane anesthesia in liver transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Fu Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital
| | - Wei-Lin Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital
| | | | - Nan-Kai Hung
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital
| | - Yuan-Shiou Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital
| | - Teng-Wei Chen
- Division of General Surgery, National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chueng-He Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital
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Ning HJ, Yuan HB, Xu HT, He XY. Propofol reduces hypoxia‑induced autophagic cell death through downregulating HIF 1α in alveolar epithelial type II cells of rats. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:1509-1515. [PMID: 28586054 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Propofol (2,6‑diisopropylphenol) exerts protective effects on alveolar epithelial type II (ATII) cells, partly through attenuating hypoxia‑induced apoptosis. Autophagy is involved in the activation of apoptosis. Therefore, the present study investigated the modulating effect of propofol against autophagy in ATII cells under hypoxia. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the protein expression of the autophagy molecular marker, microtubule‑associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)‑II, under various conditions. The effects of propofol on the accumulation of other autophagy‑associated proteins and apoptosis‑associated proteins were also determined using western blot analysis. The interactions between proteins were determined by co‑immunoprecipitation. Apoptosis of the ATII cells was monitored using FITC‑conjugated AV/PI staining. Furthermore, hypoxia‑inducible factor 1α (HIF 1α) small interfering (si) RNA was designed to construct si‑HIF 1α ATII cells. The efficiency of interference was measured using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses. Following pre‑treatment with propofol, the hypoxia‑induced accumulation of LC3‑II, HIF 1α and B‑cell lymphoma‑2 interacting protein 3 (Bnip3) were markedly decreased, accompanied with the activation of mammalian target of rapamycin. In addition, cleaved‑poly ADP‑ribose polymerase was suppressed, and hypoxia‑induced autophagic cell death was inhibited by propofol pre‑treatment. HIF 1α was inhibited by si‑HIF 1α, which simultaneously suppressed Bnip3 and LC3‑II under hypoxia. Taken together, propofol reduced hypoxia‑induced autophagic cell death through reducing the expression of HIF 1α in ATII cells, indicating a novel strategy for modulating autophagy via propofol in hypoxic ATII cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Jie Ning
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Bin Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Tao Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Ying He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
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Wojewodzka-Zelezniakowicz M, Gromotowicz-Poplawska A, Kisiel W, Konarzewska E, Szemraj J, Ladny JR, Chabielska E. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors attenuate propofol-induced pro-oxidative and antifibrinolytic effect in human endothelial cells. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2017; 18:1470320316687197. [PMID: 28090801 PMCID: PMC5843862 DOI: 10.1177/1470320316687197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of plasma and tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is) against propofol-induced endothelial dysfunction and to elucidate the involved mechanisms in vitro. Materials and methods: We examined the effects of propofol (50 μM), quinaprilat and enalaprilat (10−5 M) on fibrinolysis (t-PA, PAI-1, TAFI antigen levels), oxidative stress parameters (H2O2 and MDA antigen levels and SOD and NADPH oxidase mRNA levels) and nitric oxide bioavailability (NO2/NO3 concentration and NOS expression at the level of mRNA) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Results: We found that both ACE-Is promoted similar endothelial fibrinolytic properties and decreased oxidative stress in vitro. Propofol alone increased the release of antifibrinolytic and pro-oxidative factors from the endothelium and increased mRNA iNOS expression. We also found that the incubation of HUVECs in the presence of propofol following ACE-Is pre-incubation caused weakness of the antifibrinolytic and pro-oxidative potential of propofol and this effect was similar after both ACE-Is. Conclusions: This observation suggests that the studied ACE-Is exerted protective effects against endothelial cell dysfunction caused by propofol, independently of hemodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wioleta Kisiel
- 2 Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - Emilia Konarzewska
- 1 Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - Janusz Szemraj
- 3 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Jerzy Robert Ladny
- 1 Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ewa Chabielska
- 2 Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
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BQ123 Stimulates Skeletal Muscle Antioxidant Defense via Nrf2 Activation in LPS-Treated Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:2356853. [PMID: 26823945 PMCID: PMC4707360 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2356853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Little is understood of skeletal muscle tissue in terms of oxidative stress and inflammation. Endothelin-1 is an endogenous, vasoconstrictive peptide which can induce overproduction of reactive oxygen species and proinflammatory cytokines. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether BQ123, an endothelin-A receptor antagonist, influences the level of TNF-α, IL-6, SOD-1, HO-1, Nrf2 mRNA, and NF-κB subunit RelA/p65 mRNA in the femoral muscle obtained from endotoxemic rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 6) and received iv (1) saline (control), (2) LPS (15 mg/kg), (3) BQ123 (1 mg/kg), (4) BQ123 (1 mg/kg), and LPS (15 mg/kg, resp.) 30 min later. Injection of LPS led to significant increase in levels of RelA/p65 mRNA, TNF-α, and IL-6, while content of SOD-1, HO-1, and Nrf2 mRNA was unchanged. Administration of BQ123 prior to LPS challenge resulted in a significant reduction in RelA/p65 mRNA, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels, as well as markedly elevated concentrations of SOD-1, HO-1, and Nrf2 mRNA. BQ123 appears to enhance antioxidant defense and prevent production of TNF-α and IL-6 in skeletal muscle of LPS-treated rat. In conclusion, endothelin-A receptor antagonism exerts significant impact on the skeletal muscle favouring anti-inflammatory effects and protection against oxidative stress.
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GE MIAN, LUO GANGJIAN, YAO WEIFENG, LUO CHENFANG, ZHOU SHAOLI, YUAN DONGDONG, CHI XINJIN, HEI ZIQING. Propofol pretreatment attenuates remote kidney injury induced by orthotopic liver autotransplantation, which is correlated with the activation of Nrf2 in rats. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:3962-8. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.3126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Adaramoye OA, Akinwonmi O, Akanni O. Effects of propofol, a sedative-hypnotic drug, on the lipid profile, antioxidant indices, and cardiovascular marker enzymes in wistar rats. ISRN PHARMACOLOGY 2013; 2013:230261. [PMID: 23840962 PMCID: PMC3690634 DOI: 10.1155/2013/230261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the activity of anaesthetic propofol on biological processes has been attracting attention. The effect of propofol on biochemical indices in animals is unknown. In this study, we examined the effects of propofol on lipid profile, antioxidant indices, and cardiovascular marker (CVM) enzymes in rats. The study consists of three groups of seven rats each. Group one received corn oil (Control) while groups two and three received propofol (doses of 2 and 4 mg/kg body weight, resp.). Results showed that administration of propofol caused a significant (P < 0.05) and dose-dependent increase in the levels of total bilirubin. Propofol at 2 and 4 mg/kg increased the levels of serum total cholesterol by 74% and 55%, triglycerides by 97% and 115%, and LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol) by 45% and 73%, respectively, while HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol) decreased by 41% and 54%, respectively. Propofol significantly (P < 0.05) increased the levels of the hepatic reduced glutathione (GSH) and activities of GSH-dependent enzymes. Propofol at 2 and 4 mg/kg increased the activities of CVM enzymes: lactate dehydrogenase by 1.7 and 1.8 folds and creatinine phosphokinase by 2.0 and 2.1 folds, respectively. Taken together, propofol increased the levels of GSH and GSH-dependent enzymes but adversely affected the lipid profile of the rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatosin A. Adaramoye
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, 1 University Road, Oyo-Ojoo Way, Ibadan 20005, Nigeria
| | | | - Olubukola Akanni
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, 1 University Road, Oyo-Ojoo Way, Ibadan 20005, Nigeria
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