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Singh S, Bolla N. Endocator-paradigm shift in the evaluation of microbial load in root canals. JOURNAL OF CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS 2024; 27:111-112. [PMID: 38463470 PMCID: PMC10923219 DOI: 10.4103/jcde.jcde_8_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Shishir Singh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Terna Dental College, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nagesh Bolla
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sibar Dental College, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
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2
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Karasawa K, Arakawa H. Detection of micro-RNA by a combination of nucleic acid sequence-based amplification and a novel chemiluminescent pyrophosphate assay. LUMINESCENCE 2022; 37:822-827. [PMID: 35289063 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Micro-RNA has attracted much attention as a biomarker for disease progression and malignancy. A compact, simple, rapid, and highly sensitive method is required to perform simple genetic analyses, such as point-of-care testing (POCT), at the clinic or bedside. Nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA) is a specific amplification method for a single-stranded RNA fragment that is useful for the highly sensitive detection of miRNAs. In this work, we developed a novel miRNA analytical system for POCT by combining the NASBA and chemiluminescence methods. Because the NASBA reaction is conducted at a constant temperature (41 °C) and detection by chemiluminescence reaction does not require a light source, these methods could be combined to amplify 100 ng/assay miRNA. This combined miRNA detection method could be useful for the future development of compact POCT systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Karasawa
- Division of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Arakawa
- Division of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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Tan G, Fei Z, Wei R, Wu X, Xiao P. Development of a Novel Bioluminescence Pyrophosphate Assay for the High-Sensitivity Detection of Hepatitis B Virus. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 194:725-736. [PMID: 34519921 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03655-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The transmission of bloodborne viruses through transfusion remains a major blood supply-related safety concern, with hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) being the most important pathogens in this context. Real-time bioluminescent pyrophosphate testing has been developed as a means of readily detecting bacterial cells within particular sample types without requiring the use of expensive or complex instrumentation. The sensitivity of this approach, however, is often limited such that it is not compatible with many potential applications. In this study, we sought to overcome the limitations of this pyrophosphate bioluminescent assay format by using 2-deoxyadenosine-5-(α-thio)-triphosphate (dATPαS) in place of dATP for PCR amplification, thereby dramatically reducing background signal levels. We leveraged this combination PCR and bioluminescent pyrophosphate assay approach to facilitate HBV detection. This assay yielded a limit of detection of 500 copies/mL, making it more sensitive than traditional bioluminescent assays, about 1000 times more sensitive than that of PCR product analysis by agarose gel electrophoresis, and roughly as sensitive as qPCR as a means of detecting viral DNA. We then used this assay to analyze 100 serum samples, with qPCR being used for result validation. The assay required 100 min to complete, and was able to detect as few as 500 copies/mL of viral DNA. Overall, our approach was rapid, sensitive, and simple, enabling users to readily detect HBV in a reliable and efficient manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolei Tan
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhong Fu Lu 1#, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210003, China
| | - Zhongjie Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Si Pai Lou 2#, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Rongbin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Si Pai Lou 2#, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Xuping Wu
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhong Fu Lu 1#, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210003, China.
| | - Pengfeng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Si Pai Lou 2#, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210096, China.
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4
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Baykov AA, Anashkin VA, Malinen AM. Good-Practice Non-Radioactive Assays of Inorganic Pyrophosphatase Activities. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082356. [PMID: 33919593 PMCID: PMC8073611 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPase) is a ubiquitous enzyme that converts pyrophosphate (PPi) to phosphate and, in this way, controls numerous biosynthetic reactions that produce PPi as a byproduct. PPase activity is generally assayed by measuring the product of the hydrolysis reaction, phosphate. This reaction is reversible, allowing PPi synthesis measurements and making PPase an excellent model enzyme for the study of phosphoanhydride bond formation. Here we summarize our long-time experience in measuring PPase activity and overview three types of the assay that are found most useful for (a) low-substrate continuous monitoring of PPi hydrolysis, (b) continuous and fixed-time measurements of PPi synthesis, and (c) high-throughput procedure for screening purposes. The assays are based on the color reactions between phosphomolybdic acid and triphenylmethane dyes or use a coupled ATP sulfurylase/luciferase enzyme assay. We also provide procedures to estimate initial velocity from the product formation curve and calculate the assay medium’s composition, whose components are involved in multiple equilibria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A. Baykov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119899 Moscow, Russia;
- Correspondence: (A.A.B.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Viktor A. Anashkin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119899 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Anssi M. Malinen
- Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland
- Correspondence: (A.A.B.); (A.M.M.)
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5
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Fei Z, Wei R, Zhou D, Li N, Xiao P. A novel bioluminescent approach to the loop-mediated isothermal amplification-based detection of Lactobacillus salivarius in feed samples. J Microbiol Methods 2021; 187:106209. [PMID: 33771523 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2021.106209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Coupling loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) with a bioluminescent assay in real-time (LAMP-BART) is a strategy that can be readily leveraged to detect bacteria in particular samples of interest without the need for costly or complicated equipments. However, this approach exhibits poor sensitivity, and it additionally amplifies all target DNA including that derived from non-viable cells. Herein, we sought to overcome these traditional pyrophosphate bioluminescent assay limitations by utilizing 2-deoxyadenosine-5-(α-thio) -triphosphate (dATPαS) in place of dATP when conducting LAMP, thereby markedly reducing and stabilizing overall background signal levels, resulting in a detection limit of 3 CFU/μL. We were additionally able to ouple this LAMP-BART with propidium monoazide (PMAxx™) as a means of eliminating false-positive signals derived from nonviable cells. Herein, we detail the development of this PMAxx™-LAMP-BART assay and its use for the detection of live Lactobacillus salivarius. Our developed approach exhibited 100% specificity, with a 3 CFU/μL limit of detection (LOD) pure culture. In the application of feed, the LOD was 103 CFU per 10 g of spiked dry dog food and 102 CFU per 10 g of spiked chicken feed without enrichment. Traditional culture methods and a MALDI Biotyper were also used to confirm the accuracy of our novel assay system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjie Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
| | - Rongbin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
| | - Dongrui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Pengfeng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
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6
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Fei Z, Zhou D, Dai W, Xiao P. Rapid and highly sensitive detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in food with loop-mediated isothermal amplification coupled to a new bioluminescent assay. Electrophoresis 2020; 41:1793-1803. [PMID: 32335921 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Testing for bioluminescent pyrophosphate is a convenient method of DNA detection without complex equipments, but it is insufficiently sensitive and offers no particular time advantage over other rapid detection methods. The shortcomings of the traditional bioluminescent pyrophosphate method have been addressed by using 2-deoxyadenosine-5-(α-thio)-triphosphate (dATPαS) instead of dATP for LAMP, thus reducing the high background signal and generating a constant background value. In this study, LAMP coupled to a novel bioluminescent pyrophosphate assay was developed to detect E. coli O157:H7. The new method has a limit of detection of <10 copies/μL or 5 CFU/mL; its sensitivity is higher than that of the conventional LAMP assay. Moreover, a food-borne pathogen can be detected when a single DNA template is included in the LAMP assay, making it 100 times more sensitive than the traditional LAMP method. Three hundred food samples were tested with this assay and the accuracy of detection was verified with a culture method and MALDI Biotyper. The assay only took 90-120 min and detected <10 copies of the pathogen. This method had the advantages of rapidity, sensitivity, and simplicity, so it is very competitive for the rapid and highly sensitive detection of food-borne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjie Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Dongrui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Wei Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Pengfeng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China
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7
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Fei Z, Zhou D, Li N, Xiao P. New bioluminescence pyrophosphate assay for high-sensitivity detection of food-borne pathogens. LUMINESCENCE 2019; 35:355-364. [PMID: 31863531 DOI: 10.1002/bio.3734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Traditional methods of identifying food-borne pathogens are time consuming and laborious, so innovative methods for their rapid identification must be developed. Testing for bioluminescence pyrophosphate is a convenient and fast method of detecting pathogens without complex equipment. However, the sensitivity of the method is not as high as that of other methods, and it has a very high detection limit. In this study, the method was optimized to improve its sensitivity. The shortcomings of the method were first identified and corrected using dATPαS instead of dATP for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), therefore reducing the background signal. Also, when the DNA template extracted from the food-borne pathogens was purified, the new bioluminescence pyrophosphate assay had a limit of detection of <10 copy/μl or 10 colony-forming units/ml, and its sensitivity was higher than that of fluorescent real-time quantitative PCR. Moreover, a single copy of a food-borne pathogen could be detected when a single DNA template was included in the PCR. Salmonella was detected in and isolated from 60 samples of broiler chicken, and the accuracy of the results was verified using a culture method (GB 4789.4-2010). These results showed that the new bioluminescence pyrophosphate assay has the advantages of an intuitive detection process, convenient operation, and rapid measurements. Therefore, it can be used for the rapid detection of pathogenic bacteria and probiotics in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjie Fei
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongrui Zhou
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengfeng Xiao
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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8
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Arakawa H. Development of Highly Sensitive Analytical Methods for Biologically Relevant Materials and Their Pharmaceutical Applications. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2017; 65:1099-1112. [PMID: 29199216 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c17-00787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
One important aspect of analytical chemistry research in the pharmaceutical sciences is the development of diagnostic and therapeutic analyses for disease, and the development of analytical methods for elucidating the causes of disease. I have been focusing on developing a highly sensitive method for measuring trace amounts of specific components in biological samples. This research can be roughly divided into three approaches: the use of immunoassays and DNA hybridization as methods utilizing specific affinities, the use of capillary electrophoresis as a highly sensitive and rapid separation method, and the use of chemiluminescence and bioluminescence reactions. The components being measured are compounds such as hormones, tumor markers, drugs, reactive oxygen species and genes in biological samples for the purpose of developing therapies for the prevention and treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetoshi Arakawa
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Showa University
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9
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ARAKAWA H, KARASAWA K, SANO Y. Development of Bioluminescent DNA Analysis and Its Clinical Applications. BUNSEKI KAGAKU 2016. [DOI: 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.65.497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hidetoshi ARAKAWA
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Showa University
| | - Koji KARASAWA
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Showa University
| | - Yoshihiro SANO
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Showa University
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10
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Tahmourespour A, Nabinejad A, Shirian H, Rosa EAR, Tahmourespour S. Typing of Streptococcus mutans strains isolated from caries free and susceptible subjects by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. Braz J Microbiol 2014; 44:873-7. [PMID: 24516455 PMCID: PMC3910204 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822013000300033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was evaluated the clonal diversity of Streptococcus mutans in caries-free and caries-active subjects using MLEE. Strains from caries-free subjects were grouped in a single taxon. Unrooted dendrogram showed that different strains clustered in four different clades, also showed that more than one clonal type can be found in a same individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Tahmourespour
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Khorasgan-Isfahan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Nabinejad
- Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute, Isfahan Branch, Vet Dept of Agriculture, Amirhamzeh, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hannaneh Shirian
- Biotechnology Lab, Khorasgan, Isfahan branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Sanaz Tahmourespour
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Khorasgan-Isfahan branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
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11
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Karasawa K, Sano Y, Arakawa H. Development of a novel telomerase assay using the PPDK-luciferin-luciferase detection system. LUMINESCENCE 2013; 29:52-7. [PMID: 23554164 DOI: 10.1002/bio.2501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 12/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Telomerase participates in malignant transformation or immortalization of cells, and has attracted attention as an anticancer drug screening and diagnostic tumor marker. We developed a novel telomerase assay called the PPDK-luciferin-luciferase system bioluminescence assay (PLLBA) using pyruvate phosphate dikinase (PPDK). In this assay, pyrophosphate produced by the telomerase reaction and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is converted to ATP by PPDK, and ATP is detected by the firefly luciferin-luciferase reaction. In this work, telomerase substrate was obtained in accordance with the telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP). Telomerase-positive (500 cells/assay), -inactive (heated for 10 min at 85 °C) and -negative (only Chaps lysis buffer) samples were used. As a result, the findings clearly showed that the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio of the positive cells was 39.5. After the telomerase reaction and PCR, PLLBA was completed ~ 120 s later. A high level of reproducibility was obtained with - coefficient of variation (CV) of 4.1% (positive cells). The detection limit for cells using telomerase was one cell per assay. This assay for telomerase activity was also shown to be adaptable to human cancer-derived cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Karasawa
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Sánchez MC, Llama-Palacios A, Marín MJ, Figuero E, León R, Blanc V, Herrera D, Sanz M. Validation of ATP bioluminescence as a tool to assess antimicrobial effects of mouthrinses in an in vitro subgingival-biofilm model. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2013; 18:e86-92. [PMID: 23229259 PMCID: PMC3548652 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.18376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate whether the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence method is an appropriate tool to assess the efficacy of antiseptic mouthrinses in terms of quantitative reductions of total viable microbial counts in mixed biofilm populations in vitro.
Study Design. Three mouthrinses, containing respectively, chlorhexidine and cetylpyridinium chloride (CHX/CPC), essential oils (EO) and amine fluoride/stannous fluoride (AFSF), as well as Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) used as control, were tested in an in vitro static biofilm model by ATP bioluminescence and compared to culture method. Biofilms were grown on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite disks for 72 hours and then exposed for 1 minute to the mouthrinse or control by immersion. The antibacterial effect of the rinses was tested by analysis of variance. The reliability of the ATP bioluminescence method was assessed by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficients when compared to the viable cell counts obtained by culture.
Results. Using ATP bioluminescence, the antimicrobial activity of the tested mouthrinses was demonstrated when compared to the PBS control. The ATP bioluminescence values were significantly correlated (0.769, p<0.001) to the viable cell counts. CHX/CPC and AFSF showed similar antimicrobial activity, although AFSF had a less homogeneous effect, being both more effective than the EO rinse.
Conclusion. ATP bioluminescence viability testing may be considered a useful tool to assess the in vitro efficacy of antibacterial compounds. In the proposed model, CHX/CPC and AFSF containing mouthrinses demonstrated superior antimicrobial activity, as compared to EO rinses, in a multispecies biofilm model.
Key words:Biofilm, ATP bioluminescence,mouthrinse, essential oils, chlorhexidine, amine fluoride/stannous fluoride.
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Affiliation(s)
- María-Carmen Sánchez
- ETEP (Aetiology and Therapeutics of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense of Madrid, Spain
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Sano Y, Seki M, Abe S, Suzuki S, Arakawa H. Bioluminescent Assay for Nitric Oxide Utilizing the Biological Enzyme Activity of Soluble Guanylate Cyclase. ANAL LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2011.565446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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14
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Sakasegawa SI, Hayashi J, Ikura Y, Ueda S, Imamura S, Kumazawa T, Nishimura A, Ohshima T, Sakuraba H. Colorimetric inorganic pyrophosphate assay using a double cycling enzymatic method. Anal Biochem 2011; 416:61-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2011.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2011] [Revised: 04/15/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Development of bioluminescent pyrophosphate assay using pyruvate phosphate dikinase and its application to single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis. Anal Biochem 2008; 379:86-90. [PMID: 18477462 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2008.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2008] [Revised: 04/04/2008] [Accepted: 04/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
DNA analysis is an important technology with respect to diagnosis of infectious disease and tailored medication. In this study, we developed a novel bioluminescent assay for pyrophosphate, and it was applied to single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis using one-base extension reaction. The principle of this method is as follows. A specific primer within each aliquot possessing a short 3' end of the base of interest was hybridized to the single-stranded DNA template. Subsequently, (exo-)Klenow DNA polymerase and one of either alpha-thio-dATP, dTTP, dGTP, or dCTP were added and incubated for 1 min. Pyrophosphate released by DNA polymerase is converted to ATP by pyruvate phosphate dikinase (PPDK), and the concentration of ATP is determined using the firefly luciferase reaction. This method, which does not require expensive equipment, can be used to rapidly monitor one point mutation in the gene.
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16
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Chen Z, Saxena D, Caufield PW, Ge Y, Wang M, Li Y. Development of species-specific primers for detection of Streptococcus mutans in mixed bacterial samples. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2007; 272:154-62. [PMID: 17521362 PMCID: PMC2737441 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2007.00756.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus mutans is the major microbial pathogen associated with dental caries in children. The objectives of this study were to design and evaluate species-specific primers for the identification of S. mutans. Validation of the best primer set, Sm479F/R, was performed using seven S. mutans reference strains, 48 ATCC non-S. mutans strains, 92 S. mutans clinical isolates, DNA samples of S. mutans-Streptococcus sobrinus or S. mutans-Streptococcus sanguinis, and mixed bacterial DNA of saliva samples from 33 18-month-old children. All of the S. mutans samples tested positive, and no PCR products were amplified from members of the other streptococci or nonstreptococci strains examined. The lowest detection level for PCR was 10(-2) ng of S. mutans DNA (c. 4.6 x 10(3) copies) in the test samples. The results of this study suggest that the Sm479F/R primer pair is highly specific and sensitive for identification of S. mutans in either purified or mixed DNA samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Chen
- College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Deepak Saxena
- College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Page W. Caufield
- College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Yao Ge
- College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, 10010, USA
- Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Minqi Wang
- College of Health and Human Performance, University of Maryland, MD, 20742
| | - Yihong Li
- College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, 10010, USA
- Corresponding author: Yihong Li, DDS, MPH, Dr. PH, Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 E. 24 Street, New York, NY10010, USA, Tel: (212) 998-9607; Fax: (212) 995-4087, E-mail:
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Shiddiky MJA, Rahman MA, Park JS, Shim YB. Analysis of polymerase chain reaction amplifications through phosphate detection using an enzyme–based microbiosensor in a microfluidic device. Electrophoresis 2006; 27:2951-9. [PMID: 16645977 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemical method was developed for analyzing PCR amplification through the detection of inorganic phosphates (Pi). This method coupled a microchip to a nanoparticle comprising poly-5,2'-5',2''-terthiophene-3'-carboxylic acid (poly-TTCA)/pyruvate oxidase (PyO) modified microbiosensor. It detects Pi produced from the pyrophosphate (PPi), which is released as a byproduct of PCR. After completion of PCR, PPi is hydrolyzed to Pi by inorganic pyrophosphatase. On the microbiosensor surface, pyruvate was converted to H2O2 by PyO in the presence of Pi and oxygen, and subsequently, the anodic current of enzymatically generated H2O2 was detected at +0.5 V versus Ag/AgCl. The CE-EC analysis was completed within 2 min in a coated channel with 75.0 mm separation length at the field strength of -200 V/cm. Excellent operation stability of poly-TTCA/PyO was observed for a long period of analysis. The reproducibility of the analysis yielded an RSD of 3.4% (n = 22) for the peak areas and 1.8% (n = 22) for the migration times. The sensitivity of the analysis was 0.59 +/- 0.01 nA/cycle with a regression coefficient of 0.971.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad J A Shiddiky
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovative BioPhysio Sensor Technology, Pusan National University, Keumjeong-ku, Busan, South Korea
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