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Rezende LG, Tasso TT, Candido PHS, Baptista MS. Assessing Photosensitized Membrane Damage: Available Tools and Comprehensive Mechanisms. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 98:572-590. [PMID: 34931324 DOI: 10.1111/php.13582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lipids are important targets of the photosensitized oxidation reactions, forming important signaling molecules, disorganizing and permeabilizing membranes, and consequently inducing a variety of biological responses. Although the initial steps of the photosensitized oxidative damage in lipids are known to occur by both Type I and Type II mechanisms, the progression of the peroxidation reaction, which leads to important end-point biological responses, is poorly known. There are many experimental tools used to study the products of lipid oxidation, but neither the methods nor their resulting observations were critically compared. In this article, we will review the tools most frequently used and the key concepts raised by them in order to rationalize a comprehensive model for the initiation and the progression steps of the photoinduced lipid oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura G Rezende
- Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Thiago T Tasso
- Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Pedro H S Candido
- Biochemistry Department, Chemistry Institute, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mauricio S Baptista
- Biochemistry Department, Chemistry Institute, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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2
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Copper and iron overload protect Escherichia coli from exogenous H2O2 by modulating membrane phospholipid composition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42398-019-00046-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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3
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Li D, Wang M, Cheng N, Xue X, Wu L, Cao W. A modified FOX-1 method for Micro-determination of hydrogen peroxide in honey samples. Food Chem 2017; 237:225-231. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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4
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Apak R, Özyürek M, Güçlü K, Çapanoğlu E. Antioxidant Activity/Capacity Measurement. 3. Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species (ROS/RNS) Scavenging Assays, Oxidative Stress Biomarkers, and Chromatographic/Chemometric Assays. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:1046-1070. [PMID: 26689748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
There are many studies in which the antioxidant potential of different foods have been analyzed. However, there are still conflicting results and lack of information as a result of unstandardized assay techniques and differences between the principles of the methods applied. The measurement of antioxidant activity, especially in the case of mixtures, multifunctional or complex multiphase systems, cannot be evaluated satisfactorily using a simple antioxidant test due to the many variables influencing the results. In the literature, there are many antioxidant assays that are used to measure the total antioxidant activity/capacity of food materials. In this review, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) scavenging assays are evaluated with respect to their mechanism, advantages, disadvantages, and potential use in food systems. On the other hand, in vivo antioxidant activity (AOA) assays including oxidative stress biomarkers and cellular-based assays are covered within the scope of this review. Finally, chromatographic and chemometric assays are reviewed, focusing on their benefits especially with respect to their time saving, cost-effective, and sensitive nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reşat Apak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University , Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Özyürek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University , Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kubilay Güçlü
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University , Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Çapanoğlu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University , Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
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Richard D, Oszust F, Guillaume C, Millart H, Laurent-Maquin D, Brou C, Bausero P, Visioli F. Infusion of docosahexaenoic acid protects against myocardial infarction. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2014; 90:139-43. [PMID: 24480264 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 01/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Most of the cardioprotective effects of long-chain omega 3 fatty acids, namely docosahexaenoic (DHA; 22:6n-3) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA; 20:5n-3), are due to their hypotriglyceridemic and anti-inflammatory effects, which lower the risk for cardiovascular disease and myocardial infarction. Little is known on the direct preventive activities of DHA and EPA on heart function. In isolated hearts, we studied (1) whether infused DHA is able to protect the heart from ischemia/reperfusion damage and (2) the role played by Notch-mediated signal transduction pathways in myocardial infarction. Perfusion with DHA before and before/after induction of ischemia reperfusion significantly diminished cardiac damage and afforded antioxidant protection. Mechanistically, infusion of DHA before and before/after the induction of ischemia differentially modulated the expression of Notch2 and 3 target genes. In particular, DHA increased the expression of Hey1 when infused pre- and pre/post-ischemia; Jagged 1 and the Notch2 receptors increased with DHA pre-ischemia, but not pre/post; Notch2 and 3 receptors as well as Delta increased following DHA administration pre- and (especially) pre/post-ischemia. In conclusion, while the precise nature of the Notch-mediated protection from ischemia/reperfusion afforded by DHA is as yet to be fully elucidated, our data add to the growing body of literature that indicates how systemic administration of DHA provides cardiovascular protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Richard
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - F Oszust
- EA3801 HERVI (Hémostase et Remodelage Vasculaire post-Ischémique), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, France
| | - C Guillaume
- EA 4691 BiOs (Biomatériaux et inflammation en site Osseux), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, France
| | - H Millart
- EA3801 HERVI (Hémostase et Remodelage Vasculaire post-Ischémique), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, France
| | - D Laurent-Maquin
- EA 4691 BiOs (Biomatériaux et inflammation en site Osseux), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, France
| | - C Brou
- Unité de Signalisation Moléculaire et Activation Cellulaire, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - P Bausero
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - F Visioli
- IMDEA-Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, C/Faraday 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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6
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Kumari P, Singh RP, Bijo AJ, Reddy CRK, Jha B. Estimation of Lipid Hydroperoxide Levels in Tropical Marine Macroalgae. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2012; 48:1362-1373. [PMID: 27009988 DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2012.01208.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The incipient levels of lipid hydroperoxides (LHPOs) were determined in selected green, brown, and red macroalgae by the FOX assay using hydroperoxy HPLC mix. The LHPOs contents varied between the investigated species and showed relatively low values in this study. Among the greens, it varied from 12 ± 6.2 μg · g(-1) (Codium sursum) to 31.5 ± 2.8 μg · g(-1) (Ulva lactuca), whereas in reds, from 5.7 ± 1.6 μg · g(-1) (Gracilaria corticata) to 46.2 ± 6 μg · g(-1) (Sarconema filiforme), and in browns, from 4.6 ± 4.4 μg · g(-1) (Dictyota bartayresiana) to 79 ± 5.0 μg · g(-1) (Sargassum tenerrimum), on fresh weight basis. These hydroperoxides represented a minor fraction of total lipids and ranged from 0.04% (S. swartzii) to 1.1% (S. tenerrimum) despite being a rich source of highly unsaturated fatty acids. The susceptibility of peroxidation was assessed by specific lipid peroxidazibility (SLP) values for macroalgal tissues. The LHPO values were found to be independent of both the PUFAs contents and their degree of unsaturation (DBI), as evident from the PCA analysis. SLP values were positively correlated with the LHPOs and negatively with DBI. The FOX assay gave ≥20-fold higher values for LHPOs as compared to the TBARS method for all the samples investigated in this study. Furthermore, U. lactuca cultured in artificial seawater (ASW) enriched with nutrients (N, P, and NP) showed a sharp decline in LHPOs contents relative to those cultured in ASW alone P ≤ 0.05. It is inferred from this study that the FOX assay is an efficient, rapid, sensitive, and inexpensive technique for detecting the incipient lipid peroxidation in macroalgal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Kumari
- Discipline of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, 364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Ravindra Pal Singh
- Discipline of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, 364002, Gujarat, India
| | - A J Bijo
- Discipline of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, 364002, Gujarat, India
| | - C R K Reddy
- Discipline of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, 364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Bhavanath Jha
- Discipline of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, 364002, Gujarat, India
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Fukuzawa K, Ouchi A, Shibata A, Nagaoka SI, Mukai K. Kinetic study of aroxyl radical-scavenging action of vitamin E in membranes of egg yolk phosphatidylcholine vesicles. Chem Phys Lipids 2011; 164:205-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2010] [Revised: 12/14/2010] [Accepted: 01/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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Nemoto N, Udagawa T, Ohira T, Jiang L, Hirota K, Wilkinson CRM, Bähler J, Jones N, Ohta K, Wek RC, Asano K. The roles of stress-activated Sty1 and Gcn2 kinases and of the protooncoprotein homologue Int6/eIF3e in responses to endogenous oxidative stress during histidine starvation. J Mol Biol 2010; 404:183-201. [PMID: 20875427 PMCID: PMC4378542 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2010.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2010] [Revised: 08/31/2010] [Accepted: 09/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In fission yeast, Sty1 and Gcn2 are important protein kinases that regulate gene expression in response to amino acid starvation. The translation factor subunit Int6/eIF3e promotes Sty1-dependent response by increasing the abundance of Atf1, a transcription factor targeted by Sty1. While Gcn2 promotes expression of amino acid biosynthesis enzymes, the mechanism and function of Sty1 activation and Int6/eIF3e involvement during this nutrient stress are not understood. Here we show that mutants lacking sty1(+) or gcn2(+) display reduced viabilities during histidine depletion stress in a manner suppressible by the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine, suggesting that these protein kinases function to alleviate endogenous oxidative damage generated during nutrient starvation. Int6/eIF3e also promotes cell viability by a mechanism involving the stimulation of Sty1 response to oxidative damage. In further support of these observations, microarray data suggest that, during histidine starvation, int6Δ increases the duration of Sty1-activated gene expression linked to oxidative stress due to the initial attenuation of Sty1-dependent transcription. Moreover, loss of gcn2 induces the expression of a new set of genes not activated in wild-type cells starved for histidine. These genes encode heatshock proteins, redox enzymes, and proteins involved in mitochondrial maintenance, in agreement with the idea that oxidative stress is imposed on gcn2Δ cells. Furthermore, early Sty1 activation promotes rapid Gcn2 activation on histidine starvation. These results suggest that Gcn2, Sty1, and Int6/eIF3e are functionally integrated and cooperate to respond to oxidative stress generated during histidine starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Nemoto
- Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Tsuyoshi Udagawa
- Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Takahiro Ohira
- Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Kouji Hirota
- Shibata distinguished scientist laboratory, RIKEN, Hirosawa 2-1, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Caroline R. M. Wilkinson
- Cancer Research UK Cell Regulation Laboratory, Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Jürg Bähler
- Department of Genetics, Evolution & Environment and UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Nic Jones
- Cancer Research UK Cell Regulation Laboratory, Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Kunihiro Ohta
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduated School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Komaba 3-8-1, Meguroku, Tokyo 153-8902, JAPAN
| | - Ronald C. Wek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Katsura Asano
- Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
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Moon JK, Shibamoto T. Antioxidant assays for plant and food components. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:1655-66. [PMID: 19182948 DOI: 10.1021/jf803537k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 456] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently, research on natural antioxidants has become increasingly active in various fields. Accordingly, numerous articles on natural antioxidants, including polyphenols, flavonoids, vitamins, and volatile chemicals, have been published. Assays developed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of plants and food constituents vary. Therefore, to investigate the antioxidant activity of chemical(s), choosing an adequate assay based on the chemical(s) of interest is critical. There are two general types of assays widely used for different antioxidant studies. One is an assay associated with lipid peroxidations, including the thiobarbituric acid assay (TBA), malonaldehyde/high-performance liquid chromatography (MA/HPLC) assay, malonaldehyde/gas chromatography (MA/GC) assay, beta-carotene bleaching assay, and conjugated diene assay. Other assays are associated with electron or radical scavenging, including the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assay, ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, ferrous oxidation-xylenol orange (FOX) assay, ferric thiocyanate (FTC) assay, and aldehyde/carboxylic acid (ACA) assay. In this review, assays used recently were selected for extended discussion, including discussion of the mechanisms underlying each assay and its application to various plants and foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Kwan Moon
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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FUKUZAWA K, SHIBATA A, OKAMURA C, FUJIWARA Y, AKAI K, TSUCHIYA K, TOKUMURA A, GEBICKI JM. Measurement of Lipid Hydroperoxides by the Ferric-Xylenol Orange Method (1) Characteristics of the Ferric-Xylenol Orange/Membrane Phosphatidylcholine Complex. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2009; 55:9-14. [DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.55.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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11
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del Carmen Puga Molina L, Verstraeten SV. Thallium(III)-mediated changes in membrane physical properties and lipid oxidation affect cardiolipin–cytochrome c interactions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2008; 1778:2157-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2008.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2008] [Revised: 04/16/2008] [Accepted: 04/29/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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Field SM, Villamena FA. Theoretical and experimental studies of tyrosyl hydroperoxide formation in the presence of H-bond donors. Chem Res Toxicol 2008; 21:1923-32. [PMID: 18816073 DOI: 10.1021/tx8001687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative damage to biomolecules such as lipids, proteins, nucleotides, and sugars has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Superoxide radical anion (O 2 (*-)) addition to nitrones bearing an amide N-H has been shown to be more favored as compared to other nitrones [ Villamena, F. A. , ( 2007) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129, 8177- 8191 ]. It has also been demonstrated by others [ Winterbourn, C. C. , ( 2004) Biochem. J. 381, 241- 248 ] that O 2 (*-) addition to tyrosine to form hydroperoxide is favored in the presence of basic amino groups, but the mechanism for this observation remains obscure. We, therefore, hypothesized that the alpha-effect resulting from the interaction of O 2 (*-) with N-H can play a crucial role in the enhancement of hydroperoxide formation. Understanding this phenomenon is important in the elucidation of mechanisms leading to oxidative stress in cellular systems. Computational (at the PCM/B3LYP/6-31+G**//B3LYP/6-31G level of theory) as well as experimental studies were carried out to shed insights into the effect of amide or amino N-H on the enhancement (or stabilization) of hydroperoxide formation in tyrosine. H-bond interaction of amino acid group with O 2 (*-) results in the perturbation of the spin and charge densities of O 2 (*-). A similar phenomenon has been predicted for non-amino acids bearing H-bond donor groups. Using the FOX assay, tyrosyl hydroperoxide formation was enhanced in the presence of H-bond donors from amino acids and non-amino acids. The role of H-bonding in either stabilizing the hydroperoxide adduct or facilitating O 2 (*-) addition via an alpha-effect was further theoretically investigated, and results show that the latter mechanism is more thermodynamically preferred. This study provides new mechanistic insights in the initiation of oxidative modification to tyrosyl radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Field
- Department of Pharmacology and Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Bou R, Codony R, Tres A, Decker EA, Guardiola F. Determination of hydroperoxides in foods and biological samples by the ferrous oxidation-xylenol orange method: a review of the factors that influence the method's performance. Anal Biochem 2008; 377:1-15. [PMID: 18358821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2008.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2007] [Revised: 02/26/2008] [Accepted: 02/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricard Bou
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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