Amperometric biosensor based on coentrapment of enzyme and mediator by gold nanoparticles on indium–tin oxide electrode

Label-free, ITO-based immunosensor for the detection of a cancer biomarker: Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1

A new, quite sensitive disposable immunosensor, based on the anti-RACK1 antibody, was developed for the determination of Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1 (RACK1) for the first time.

Electrodeposited spinel NiCo2O4 nanosheet arrays for glucose sensing application

Non-enzymatic glucose sensing properties of NiCo₂O₄ nanosheets show linear response with respect to the change in glucose concentration varying from 5 to 65 μM and exhibit the sensitivity value of 6.69 μA μM⁻¹ cm⁻² with a LOD value of 0.38 μM.

Gold nanoparticles deposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide surface as an effective platform for fabricating a highly sensitive and specific digoxin aptasensor

Fabrication steps of digoxin aptasensor. The DPVs are for accumulated MB at FTO/GNPs/Ap, before (a) and after (b) incubation with digoxin.

Deriving TC50 values of nanoparticles from electrochemical monitoring of lactate dehydrogenase activity indirectly

Nanotoxicity assessment methods for nanoparticles (NPs) such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), nano-Al(2)O(3), and tridecameric aluminum polycation or nanopolynuclear (nano-Al(13)), particularly lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays are reviewed. Our researches on electrochemically monitoring the variations of LDH activity indirectly in the presence of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), nano-Al(13), and nano-Al(2)O(3) separately to derive toxic concentrations of NPs altering LDH activity by 50% (TC(50)) values are discussed. TC(50) values indicated that the toxicity order was Al (III)> MWCNTs > nano-Al(13) > nano-Al(2)O(3). Zeta potentials (ζ) data of these NPs in the literature proved that the surfaces of these NPs are charged negatively. Negatively charged surfaces might be a main cause in the reduction of LDH activity. Therefore, the classic LDH assays are doubtful to underestimate the nanotoxicities when they are applied to those NPs with negatively charged surfaces. These observations highlight and reconcile some contradictory results at present such as medium-dependent toxicity of NPs among the literature and develop novel analytical methods for evaluation of toxicities of NPs.