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Rhein S, Inderhees J, Herrmann O, Othman A, Begemann K, Fleming T, Nawroth PP, Klika KD, Isa R, König IR, Royl G, Schwaninger M. Glyoxal in hyperglycaemic ischemic stroke - a cohort study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:173. [PMID: 37438755 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01892-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperglycaemia is frequent in acute ischemic stroke and denotes a bad prognosis, even in the absence of pre-existing diabetes. However, in clinical trials treatment of elevated glucose levels with insulin did not improve stroke outcome, suggesting that collateral effects rather than hyperglycaemia itself aggravate ischemic brain damage. As reactive glucose metabolites, glyoxal and methylglyoxal are candidates for mediating the deleterious effects of hyperglycaemia in acute stroke. METHODS In 135 patients with acute stroke, we used liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to measure glyoxal, methylglyoxal and several of their glycated amino acid derivatives in serum. Results were verified in a second cohort of 61 stroke patients. The association of serum concentrations with standard stroke outcome scales (NIHSS, mRS) was tested. RESULTS Glucose, glyoxal, methylglyoxal, and the glyoxal-derived glycated amino acid Nδ-(5-hydro-4-imidazolon-2-yl)ornithine (G-H1) were positively correlated with a bad stroke outcome at 3 months as measured by mRS90, at least in one of the two cohorts. However, the glycated amino acids Nε-carboxyethyllysine (CEL) and in one cohort pyrraline showed an inverse correlation with stroke outcome probably reflecting lower food intake in severe stroke. Patients with a poor outcome had higher serum concentrations of glyoxal and methylglyoxal. CONCLUSIONS The glucose-derived α-dicarbonyl glyoxal and glycated amino acids arising from a reaction with glyoxal are associated with a poor outcome in ischemic stroke. Thus, lowering α-dicarbonyls or counteracting their action could be a therapeutic strategy for hyperglycaemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Rhein
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, (DZHK), Hamburg-Lübeck-Kiel, Germany
| | - Julica Inderhees
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, (DZHK), Hamburg-Lübeck-Kiel, Germany
- Bioanalytic Core Facility, Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Oliver Herrmann
- Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alaa Othman
- Bioanalytic Core Facility, Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Kimberly Begemann
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas Fleming
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Research Centre for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter P Nawroth
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karel D Klika
- Molecular Structure Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rakad Isa
- Department of Neurology, Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Inke R König
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, (DZHK), Hamburg-Lübeck-Kiel, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Georg Royl
- Department of Neurology, Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Markus Schwaninger
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, (DZHK), Hamburg-Lübeck-Kiel, Germany.
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2
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Kijewska M, Zawadzka M, Włodarczyk K, Stefanowicz P. HPLC-free method of synthesis of isotopically labeled deoxyfructosylated peptides. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:3803-3811. [PMID: 35316349 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04022-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The biomarker strategy, based on multiple specific glycation sites in plasma proteins, could essentially increase the efficiency of glycemic control and disease prediction. Besides glycated albumin being a potential biomarker of early states of diabetes mellitus and control of short-term, it has been shown that the glycation of fibrinogen may also impact the formation of the fibrin network, while quantification of glycation of the CD59 protein allows for early detection of glucose intolerance in pregnant women. A different level of glycation of individual lysine residues in proteins has a crucial influence on the stages of the disease. The quantification of new biomarkers of different stages of diabetes requires appropriate isotope-labeled analogs that may improve biomarker search by providing more accurate quantitative data and by more robust detection/quantitation of low-abundance biomarkers. In the presented work, we proposed a fast and simple protocol for the synthesis of isotopically labeled and bi-labeled deoxyfructosylated peptide based on a combination of microwave-assisted synthesis and boronic affinity chromatography using functionalized resin (PhB-Lys(PhB)-ChemMatrix® Rink resin) developed by us. Our method is focused on the synthesis of glycated peptides identified in glycated albumin (GA) after enzymatic hydrolysis catalyzed by trypsin after arginine residues. Thereby, the standard peptides comprised [13C6]-deoxyfructose attached to lysine residue side chain, a dabcyl moiety for determination of standard amounts, and a cleavable linker. Moreover, we applied bi-labeled deoxyfructosylated peptide to determine the concentration of appropriate analog in a sample of human serum albumin glycated in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kijewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Michalina Zawadzka
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Karolina Włodarczyk
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Stefanowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
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Leeming MG, Isaac AP, Pope BJ, Cranswick N, Wright CE, Ziogas J, O'Hair RAJ, Donald WA. High-resolution twin-ion metabolite extraction (HiTIME) mass spectrometry: nontargeted detection of unknown drug metabolites by isotope labeling, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, and automated high-performance computing. Anal Chem 2015; 87:4104-9. [PMID: 25818563 DOI: 10.1021/ac504767d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic fate of a compound can often determine the success of a new drug lead. Thus, significant effort is directed toward identifying the metabolites formed from a given molecule. Here, an automated and nontargeted procedure is introduced for detecting drug metabolites without authentic metabolite standards via the use of stable isotope labeling, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS), and high-performance computing. LC/MS of blood plasma extracts from rats that were administered a 1:1 mixture of acetaminophen (APAP) and (13)C6-APAP resulted in mass spectra that contained "twin" ions for drug metabolites that were not detected in control spectra (i.e., no APAP administered). Because of the development of a program (high-resolution twin-ion metabolite extraction; HiTIME) that can identify twin-ions in high-resolution mass spectra without centroiding (i.e., reduction of mass spectral peaks to single data points), 9 doublets corresponding to APAP metabolites were identified. This is nearly twice that obtained by use of existing programs that make use of centroiding to reduce computational cost under these conditions with a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer. By a manual search for all reported APAP metabolite ions, no additional twin-ion signals were assigned. These data indicate that all the major metabolites of APAP and multiple low-abundance metabolites (e.g., acetaminophen hydroxy- and methoxysulfate) that are rarely reported were detected. This methodology can be used to detect drug metabolites without prior knowledge of their identity. HiTIME is freely available from https://github.com/bjpop/HiTIME .
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Leeming
- †School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Andrew P Isaac
- ‡Victorian Life Sciences Computation Initiative, University of Melbourne, 187 Grattan Street, Carlton, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Bernard J Pope
- ‡Victorian Life Sciences Computation Initiative, University of Melbourne, 187 Grattan Street, Carlton, Victoria 3010, Australia.,§Department of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Noel Cranswick
- ∥Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.,¶Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, 50 Flemington Road, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Christine E Wright
- ∥Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.,⊥ARC Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - James Ziogas
- ∥Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.,⊥ARC Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Richard A J O'Hair
- †School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.,⊥ARC Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - William A Donald
- #School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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Kielmas M, Kijewska M, Kluczyk A, Oficjalska J, Gołębiewska B, Stefanowicz P, Szewczuk Z. Comparison of modification sites in glycated crystallin in vitro and in vivo. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:2557-67. [PMID: 25636230 PMCID: PMC4365289 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8487-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Glycation of α-crystallin is responsible for age- and diabetic-related cataracts, which are the main cause of blindness worldwide. We optimized the method of identification of lysine residues prone to glycation using the combination of LC-MS, isotopic labeling, and modified synthetic peptide standards with the glycated lysine derivative (Fmoc-Lys(i,i-Fru,Boc)-OH). The in vitro glycation of bovine lens α-crystallin was conducted by optimized method with the equimolar mixture of [(12)C6]- and [(13)C6]D-glucose. The in vivo glycation was studied on human lens crystallin. The glycated protein was subjected to proteolysis and analyzed using LC-MS. The results of in vitro and in vivo glycation of α-crystallin reveal a different distribution of the modified lysine residues. More Amadori products were detected as a result of the in vitro reaction due to forced glycation conditions. The developed method allowed us to identify the glycation sites in crystallin from eye lenses obtained from patients suffering from the cataract. We identified K166 in the A chain and K166 in the B chain of α-crystallin as major glycation sites during the in vitro reaction. We found also two in vivo glycated lysine residues: K92 in the B chain and K166 in the A chain, which are known as locations for Amadori products. These modification sites were confirmed by the LC-MS experiment using two synthetic standards. This study demonstrates the applicability of the LC-MS methods combined with the isotopic labeling and synthetic peptide standards for analysis of post-translational modifications in the biological material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Kielmas
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 50-137, Wrocław, Poland
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Carvalho RJ, Woo J, Aires-Barros MR, Cramer SM, Azevedo AM. Phenylboronate chromatography selectively separates glycoproteins through the manipulation of electrostatic, charge transfer, andcis-diol interactions. Biotechnol J 2014; 9:1250-8. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201400170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 06/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Kijewska M, Kuc A, Kluczyk A, Waliczek M, Man-Kupisinska A, Lukasiewicz J, Stefanowicz P, Szewczuk Z. Selective detection of carbohydrates and their peptide conjugates by ESI-MS using synthetic quaternary ammonium salt derivatives of phenylboronic acids. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2014; 25:966-976. [PMID: 24687577 PMCID: PMC4018510 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-014-0857-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We present new tags based on the derivatives of phenylboronic acid and apply them for the selective detection of sugars and peptide-sugar conjugates in mass spectrometry. We investigated the binding of phenylboronic acid and its quaternary ammonium salt (QAS) derivatives to carbohydrates and peptide-derived Amadori products by HR-MS and MS/MS experiments. The formation of complexes between sugar or sugar-peptide conjugates and synthetic tags was confirmed on the basis of the unique isotopic distribution resulting from the presence of boron atom. Moreover, incorporation of a quaternary ammonium salt dramatically improved the efficiency of ionization in mass spectrometry. It was found that the formation of a complex with phenylboronic acid stabilizes the sugar moiety in glycated peptides, resulting in simplification of the fragmentation pattern of peptide-derived Amadori products. The obtained results suggest that derivatization of phenylboronic acid as QAS is a promising method for sensitive ESI-MS detection of carbohydrates and their conjugates formed by non-enzymatic glycation or glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kijewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland,
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Arena S, Salzano AM, Renzone G, D'Ambrosio C, Scaloni A. Non-enzymatic glycation and glycoxidation protein products in foods and diseases: an interconnected, complex scenario fully open to innovative proteomic studies. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2014; 33:49-77. [PMID: 24114996 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The Maillard reaction includes a complex network of processes affecting food and biopharmaceutical products; it also occurs in living organisms and has been strictly related to cell aging, to the pathogenesis of several (chronic) diseases, such as diabetes, uremia, cataract, liver cirrhosis and various neurodegenerative pathologies, as well as to peritoneal dialysis treatment. Dozens of compounds are involved in this process, among which a number of protein-adducted derivatives that have been simplistically defined as early, intermediate and advanced glycation end-products. In the last decade, various bottom-up proteomic approaches have been successfully used for the identification of glycation/glycoxidation protein targets as well as for the characterization of the corresponding adducts, including assignment of the modified amino acids. This article provides an updated overview of the mass spectrometry-based procedures developed to this purpose, emphasizing their partial limits with respect to current proteomic approaches for the analysis of other post-translational modifications. These limitations are mainly related to the concomitant sheer diversity, chemical complexity, and variable abundance of the various derivatives to be characterized. Some challenges to scientists are finally proposed for future proteomic investigations to solve main drawbacks in this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Arena
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, 80147, Naples, Italy
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A study on human serum albumin influence on glycation of fibrinogen. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 439:78-83. [PMID: 23958299 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Although in vivo glycation proceeds in complex mixture of proteins, previous studies did not take in consideration the influence of protein-protein interaction on Maillard reaction. The aim of our study was to test the influence of human serum albumin (HSA) on glycation of fibrinogen. The isotopic labeling using [(13)C6] glucose combined with LC-MS were applied as tool for identification possible glycation sites in fibrinogen and for evaluation the effect of HSA on the glycation level of selected amino acids in fibrinogen. The obtained data indicate that the addition of HSA protects the fibrinogen from glycation. The level of glycation in presence of HSA is reduced by 30-60% and depends on the location of glycated residue in sequence of protein.
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