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Disentangling the role of solvent polarity and protein solvation in folding and self-assembly of α-lactalbumin. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 561:749-761. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Mrozowich T, Winzor DJ, Scott DJ, Patel TR. Experimental determination of second virial coefficients by small-angle X-ray scattering: a problem revisited. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2019; 48:781-787. [PMID: 31667558 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-019-01404-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This investigation examines the validity of employing single-solute theory to interpret SAXS measurements on buffered protein solutions-the current practice despite the necessity to regard the buffer components as additional non-scattering solutes rather than as part of the solvent. The present study of bovine serum albumin in phosphate-buffered saline supplemented with 20-100 g/L sucrose as small cosolute has certainly verified the prediction that the experimentally obtained second virial coefficient should contain protein-cosolute contributions. Nevertheless, the second virial coefficient determined for protein solutions supplemented with high cosolute concentrations on the basis of single-solute theory remains a valid means for identifying conditions conducive to protein crystallization, because the return of a slightly negative second virial coefficient based on single-solute theory [Formula: see text] still establishes the existence of slightly associative interactions between protein molecules, irrespective of the molecular source-protein self-interactions and/or protein-cosolute contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Mrozowich
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Alberta RNA Research and Training Institute, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB, T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Donald J Winzor
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - David J Scott
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Nottingham, LE12 5RD, UK. .,ISIS Spallation Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherton Appleton Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell, OX11 OFA, UK.
| | - Trushar R Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Alberta RNA Research and Training Institute, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB, T1K 3M4, Canada. .,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 1N4, AB, Canada. .,Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology and Discovery Lab, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada.
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Hall D, Harding SE. Foreword to 'Quantitative and analytical relations in biochemistry'-a special issue in honour of Donald J. Winzor's 80th birthday. Biophys Rev 2016; 8:269-277. [PMID: 28510020 PMCID: PMC5425807 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-016-0227-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this special issue is to honour Professor Donald J. Winzor's long career as a researcher and scientific mentor, and to celebrate the milestone of his 80th birthday. Throughout his career, Don has been renowned for his development of clever approximations to difficult quantitative relations governing a range of biophysical measurements. The theme of this special issue, 'Quantitative and analytical relations in biochemistry', was chosen to reflect this aspect of Don's scientific approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Hall
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia.
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-1- Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Stephen E Harding
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD, UK.
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Zbacnik TJ, Holcomb RE, Katayama DS, Murphy BM, Payne RW, Coccaro RC, Evans GJ, Matsuura JE, Henry CS, Manning MC. Role of Buffers in Protein Formulations. J Pharm Sci 2016; 106:713-733. [PMID: 27894967 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Buffers comprise an integral component of protein formulations. Not only do they function to regulate shifts in pH, they also can stabilize proteins by a variety of mechanisms. The ability of buffers to stabilize therapeutic proteins whether in liquid formulations, frozen solutions, or the solid state is highlighted in this review. Addition of buffers can result in increased conformational stability of proteins, whether by ligand binding or by an excluded solute mechanism. In addition, they can alter the colloidal stability of proteins and modulate interfacial damage. Buffers can also lead to destabilization of proteins, and the stability of buffers themselves is presented. Furthermore, the potential safety and toxicity issues of buffers are discussed, with a special emphasis on the influence of buffers on the perceived pain upon injection. Finally, the interaction of buffers with other excipients is examined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryan E Holcomb
- LegacyBioDesign LLC, Johnstown, Colorado 80534; Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523
| | - Derrick S Katayama
- LegacyBioDesign LLC, Johnstown, Colorado 80534; Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523
| | - Brian M Murphy
- LegacyBioDesign LLC, Johnstown, Colorado 80534; Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523
| | - Robert W Payne
- LegacyBioDesign LLC, Johnstown, Colorado 80534; Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523
| | | | | | | | - Charles S Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523
| | - Mark Cornell Manning
- LegacyBioDesign LLC, Johnstown, Colorado 80534; Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523.
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Scott DJ. Accounting for thermodynamic non-ideality in the Guinier region of small-angle scattering data of proteins. Biophys Rev 2016; 8:441-444. [PMID: 28203306 PMCID: PMC5283502 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-016-0235-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrodynamic studies of the solution properties of proteins and other biological macromolecules are often hard to interpret when the sample is present at a reasonably concentrated solution. The reason for this is that solutions exhibit deviations from ideal behaviour which is manifested as thermodynamic non-ideality. The range of concentrations at which this behaviour typically is exhibited is as low as 1–2 mg/ml, well within the range of concentrations used for their analysis by techniques such as small-angle scattering. Here we discuss thermodynamic non-ideality used previously used in the context of light scattering and sedimentation equilibrium analytical ultracentrifugation and apply it to the Guinier region of small-angle scattering data. The results show that there is a complementarity between the radially averaged structure factor derived from small-angle X-ray scattering/small-angle neutron scattering studies and the second virial coefficient derived from sedimentation equilibrium analytical ultracentrifugation experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Scott
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD, UK. .,Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0FA, UK. .,ISIS Spallation Neutron and Muon source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0FA, UK.
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Wills PR, Scott DJ, Winzor DJ. The osmotic second virial coefficient for protein self-interaction: Use and misuse to describe thermodynamic nonideality. Anal Biochem 2015; 490:55-65. [PMID: 26344712 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2015.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Wills
- Department of Physics, University of Auckland, PB 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - David J Scott
- Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Donald J Winzor
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Goldenberg DP, Argyle B. Self crowding of globular proteins studied by small-angle x-ray scattering. Biophys J 2014; 106:895-904. [PMID: 24559992 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) was used to study the behavior of equine metmyoglobin (Mb) and bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) at concentrations up to 0.4 and 0.15 g/mL, respectively, in solutions also containing 50% D2O and 1 M urea. For both proteins, significant effects because of interference between x-rays scattered by different molecules (interparticle interference) were observed, indicating nonideal behavior at high concentrations. The experimental data were analyzed by comparison of the observed scattering profiles with those predicted by crystal structures of the proteins and a hard-sphere fluid model used to represent steric exclusion effects. The Mb scattering data were well fit by the hard-sphere model using a sphere radius of 18 Å, only slightly smaller than that estimated from the three-dimensional structure (20 Å). In contrast, the scattering profiles for BPTI in phosphate buffer displayed substantially less pronounced interparticle interference than predicted by the hard-sphere model and the radius estimated from the known structure of the protein (15 Å). Replacing the phosphate buffer with 3-(N-morpolino)propane sulfonic acid (MOPS) led to increased interparticle interference, consistent with a larger effective radius and suggesting that phosphate ions may mediate attractive intermolecular interactions, as observed in some BPTI crystal structures, without the formation of stable oligomers. The scattering data were also used to estimate second virial coefficients for the two proteins: 2.0 ×10(-4) cm(3)mol/g(2) for Mb in phosphate buffer, 1.6 ×10(-4) cm(3)mol/g(2) for BPTI in phosphate buffer and 9.2 ×10(-4) cm(3)mol/g(2) for BPTI in MOPS. The results indicate that the behavior of Mb, which is nearly isoelectric under the conditions used, is well described by the hard-sphere model, but that of BPTI is considerably more complex and is likely influenced by both repulsive and attractive electrostatic interactions. The hard-sphere model may be a generally useful tool for the analysis of small-angle scattering data from concentrated macromolecular solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian Argyle
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Pneumatic Performance Study of a High Pressure Ejection Device Based on Real Specific Energy and Specific Enthalpy. ENTROPY 2014. [DOI: 10.3390/e16094801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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