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Semeniuc CA, Ranga F, Podar AS, Ionescu SR, Socaciu MI, Fogarasi M, Fărcaș AC, Vodnar DC, Socaci SA. Determination of Coenzyme Q10 Content in Food By-Products and Waste by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Diode Array Detection. Foods 2023; 12:2296. [PMID: 37372507 DOI: 10.3390/foods12122296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a vitamin-like compound found naturally in plant- and animal-derived materials. This study aimed to determine the level of CoQ10 in some food by-products (oil press cakes) and waste (fish meat and chicken hearts) to recover this compound for further use as a dietary supplement. The analytical method involved ultrasonic extraction using 2-propanol, followed by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). The HPLC-DAD method was validated in terms of linearity and measuring range, limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), trueness, and precision. As a result, the calibration curve of CoQ10 was linear over the concentration range of 1-200 µg/mL, with an LOD of 22 µg/mL and an LOQ of 0.65 µg/mL. The CoQ10 content varied from not detected in the hempseed press cake and the fish meat to 84.80 µg/g in the pumpkin press cake and 383.25 µg/g in the lyophilized chicken hearts; very good recovery rates and relative standard deviations (RSDs) were obtained for the pumpkin press cake (100.9-116.0% with RSDs between 0.05-0.2%) and the chicken hearts (99.3-106.9% CH with RSDs between 0.5-0.7%), showing the analytical method's trueness and precision and thus its accuracy. In conclusion, a simple and reliable method for determining CoQ10 levels has been developed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Anamaria Semeniuc
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Mănăştur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Floricuța Ranga
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Mănăştur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | - Simona Raluca Ionescu
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Mănăştur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Maria-Ioana Socaciu
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Mănăştur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Melinda Fogarasi
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Mănăştur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca Corina Fărcaș
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Mănăştur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan Cristian Vodnar
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Mănăştur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sonia Ancuța Socaci
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Mănăştur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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An Overview of Analytical Methods for Quantitative Determination of Coenzyme Q10 in Foods. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020272. [PMID: 36837891 PMCID: PMC9964353 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Food analysts have developed three primary techniques for coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) production: isolation from animal or plant matrices, chemical synthesis, and microbial fermentation; this literature review is focused on the first method. Choosing the appropriate analytical method for determining CoQ10 in a particular food product is essential, as this analyte is a quality index for healthy foods; various associations of extraction and quantification techniques are available in the literature, each having advantages and disadvantages. Several factors must be considered when selecting an analytical method, such as specificity, linear range, detection limit, quantification limit, recovery rate, operation size, analysis time, equipment availability, and costs. In another train of thought, the food sector produces a significant amount of solid and liquid waste; therefore, waste-considered materials can be a valuable source of CoQ10 that can be recovered and used as a fortifying ingredient or dietary supplement. This review also pursues identifying the richest food sources of CoQ10, and has revealed them to be vegetable oils, fish oil, organs, and meat.
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Ó Conghaile P, Arrigan DWM. Ubiquinone electrochemistry in analysis and sensing. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Ó Conghaile
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin University Perth Australia
- School of Chemistry & Ryan Institute National University of Ireland Galway University Road Galway H91 TK33 Ireland
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A. Ahmed-Farid O, Salah AS, Nassan MA, El-Tarabany MS. Effects of Chronic Thermal Stress on Performance, Energy Metabolism, Antioxidant Activity, Brain Serotonin, and Blood Biochemical Indices of Broiler Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11092554. [PMID: 34573520 PMCID: PMC8467978 DOI: 10.3390/ani11092554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In the tropical and subtropical regions, heat stress is the main limiting factor of poultry industries. In this context, broilers are more liable to thermal stress due to their fast growth, rapid metabolic rate, and high level of production. The aim of the current work was to analyze changes in the brain serotonin, energy metabolism, antioxidant biomarkers, and blood chemistry of broiler chickens subjected to chronic thermal stress. Thermal stress disturbed the antioxidant defense system and energy metabolism and exhausted ATP levels in the liver tissues of broiler chickens. Interestingly, chronic thermal stress reduced the level of brain serotonin and the activity of CoQ10 in liver tissues. Abstract The aim of this paper was to investigate the effects of chronic thermal stress on the performance, energy metabolism, liver CoQ10, brain serotonin, and blood parameters of broiler chickens. In total, 100 one-day-old chicks were divided into two equal groups of five replicates. At 22 days of age and thereafter, the first group (TN) was maintained at a thermoneutral condition (23 ± 1 °C), while the second group (TS) was subjected to 8 h of thermal stress (34 °C). The heat-stressed group showed significantly lower ADFI but higher FCR than the thermoneutral group (p = 0.030 and 0.041, respectively). The TS group showed significantly higher serum cholesterol, ALT, and AST (p = 0.033, 0.024, and 0.010, respectively). Meanwhile, the TS group showed lower serum total proteins, albumin, globulin, and Na+ than the TN group (p = 0.001, 0.025, 0.032, and 0.002, respectively). Furthermore, the TS group showed significantly lower SOD and catalase in heart tissues (p = 0.005 and 0.001, respectively). The TS group showed significantly lower liver ATP than the TN group (p = 0.005). Meanwhile, chronic thermal stress significantly increased the levels of ADP and AMP in the liver tissues of broiler chickens (p = 0.004 and 0.029, respectively). The TS group showed significantly lower brain serotonin (p = 0.004) and liver CoQ10 (p = 0.001) than the TN group. It could be concluded that thermal stress disturbed the antioxidant defense system and energy metabolism and exhausted ATP levels in the liver tissues of broiler chickens. Interestingly, chronic thermal stress reduced the level of brain serotonin and the activity of CoQ10 in liver tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar A. Ahmed-Farid
- Physiology Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza 35521, Egypt;
| | - Ayman S. Salah
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, El-Kharga 72511, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed Abdo Nassan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mahmoud S. El-Tarabany
- Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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Dietary Curcumin Improves Energy Metabolism, Brain Monoamines, Carcass Traits, Muscle Oxidative Stability and Fatty Acid Profile in Heat-Stressed Broiler Chickens. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081265. [PMID: 34439513 PMCID: PMC8389285 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to elucidate the impacts of dietary curcumin supplementation on energy metabolism, brain monoamines and muscle oxidative stability in heat-stressed broilers. In total, 120 day-old chicks were allocated into three equal groups of four replicates. The first group (T1) was maintained on a thermoneutral condition, while the second group (T2) was subjected to 8 h of thermal stress (34 °C), and both groups fed the basal diet with no supplement. The third group (T3) was exposed to the same thermal stress conditions and fed the basal diet supplemented with curcumin (100 mg kg-1 diet). The dietary curcumin supplementation significantly increased the breast yield (p = 0.004), but reduced the percentage of abdominal fat (p = 0.017) compared with the T2 group. The addition of curcumin to broiler diets significantly improved the levels of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in breast and thigh muscles compared with the T2 group (p < 0.05). The curcumin-supplemented group showed significantly lower levels of malondialdehyde in the breast and thigh muscles than that of the T2 group (p = 0.001 and 0.015, respectively). The dietary curcumin supplementation significantly improved the levels of ATP and CoQ10 in liver tissues (p = 0.012 and 0.001, respectively) and brain serotonin (p = 0.006) as compared to the T2 group. Meanwhile, the heat-stressed group showed significantly higher levels of ADP and Na,K-ATPase in the liver tissues than that of the other experimental groups (p = 0.011 and 0.027, respectively). It could be concluded that dietary curcumin supplementation may improve carcass yield, energy biomarkers, brain serotonin and muscle oxidative stability of heat-stressed broiler chickens.
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Fei X, Yu Y, Di Y, Ai L, Yao D, Bai S, Zhao S, Lyu J, Cai X, He R, Tong Z. A rapid and non-invasive fluorescence method for quantifying coenzyme Q10 in blood and urine in clinical analysis. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 34:e23130. [PMID: 31876061 PMCID: PMC7171321 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation can improve cognition in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AD transgenic model mice. To ameliorate the discomfort that patients with AD suffer after several blood extractions, a non‐invasive method for detecting urine CoQ10 levels needs to be established. Methods Here, we developed a new technique of fluorescence spectrophotometry with ethyl cyanoacetate (FS‐ECA), on the basis of the principle that the chemical derivative obtained from the interaction between CoQ10 and ECA was detected by a fluorescence detector at λex/em = 450/515 nm. As a standard reference method, the same batches of the clinical samples were analyzed by high‐performance liquid chromatography with an ultraviolet detector (HPLC‐UV) at 275 nm. Results The limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantization (LOQ) (serum: 0.021 and 0.043 mg/L; urine: 0.012 and 0.025 mg/L) determined by the FS‐ECA method were similar to that obtained through HPLC‐UV (serum: 0.017 and 0.035 mg/L; urine: 0.012 and 0.025 mg/L). More importantly, this new FS‐ECA technique as well as the conventional HPLC‐UV method could detect a marked difference in urine CoQ10 levels between AD and controls. Conclusion Our findings suggest that this non‐invasive method for quantifying urine CoQ10 potentially replaces HPLC to detect blood CoQ10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechao Fei
- Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's disease Center, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Chinese institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Yalan Di
- Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's disease Center, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Ai
- Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's disease Center, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Yao
- Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's disease Center, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Center for Cognitive Disorders, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shangying Bai
- Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's disease Center, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,The Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, Illinois
| | - Shengjie Zhao
- Chinese institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Jihui Lyu
- Center for Cognitive Disorders, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Cai
- The Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, Illinois
| | - Rongqiao He
- Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's disease Center, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Brain & Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqian Tong
- Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's disease Center, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Schou-Pedersen AMV, Schemeth D, Lykkesfeldt J. Determination of Reduced and Oxidized Coenzyme Q 10 in Canine Plasma and Heart Tissue by HPLC-ECD: Comparison with LC-MS/MS Quantification. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8080253. [PMID: 31366077 PMCID: PMC6720496 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8080253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (Q10) plays an important role in mammals for energy production in the mitochondria, and as a potent antioxidant. Oxidation ratio (% oxidized in relation to total Q10) has been proposed as an important biomarker. A sensitive and reproducible HPLC-ECD method was developed for determination of reduced and oxidized Q10 in canine plasma and heart tissue. Chromatographic separation was achieved in 10 min using a Waters Nova-pak C18 column and a mobile phase with lithium perchlorate in ethanol/methanol/2-propanol. The validation showed satisfying results. Excellent linear correlation was found (r2 > 0.9997), intra- and inter-day precisions were below 6.5% (n = 5) and recoveries were between 89 and 109% (n = 5). Sensitivity stated as Lower Limit of Quantification (LLOQ) was 10 nM. Acceptable stability of both extracted and un-extracted samples was observed. The plasma concentration range of total Q10 was found to be between 0.64 and 1.24 µg/mL. Comparison with a developed LC-MS/MS method showed a correlation of r = 0.85 for reduced Q10 and r = 0.60 for oxidized Q10 (N = 17). However, average results were around 30% lower for ubiquinol using the LC-MS/MS method as compared with the HPLC-ECD analysis. The two methods are therefore not considered to be interchangeable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Marie V Schou-Pedersen
- Section for Experimental Animal Models, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ridebanevej 9, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Dieter Schemeth
- Section for Environmental Chemistry and Physics, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Jens Lykkesfeldt
- Section for Experimental Animal Models, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ridebanevej 9, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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Kakiuchi T, Ohtsuka Y, Sato T, Nakayama A, Jinnouchi K, Oka M, Matsuo M. Association between Crohn’s disease and AarF domain-containing kinase 4 glomerulopathy. Clin J Gastroenterol 2019; 12:263-268. [DOI: 10.1007/s12328-019-00937-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Herebian D, López LC, Distelmaier F. Bypassing human CoQ 10 deficiency. Mol Genet Metab 2018; 123:289-291. [PMID: 29246431 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Primary disorders of the human coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) biosynthesis pathway are a known cause of severe pediatric diseases. So far, oral administration of CoQ10 is the only treatment strategy for affected individuals. However, the real benefit of CoQ10 supplementation remains questionable and clinical studies regarding efficiency are lacking. Here we provide an outlook on novel treatment approaches using CoQ precursor compounds. These metabolic bypass strategies might be a promising alternative for oral CoQ10 supplementation regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diran Herebian
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Luis C López
- Departmento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina and Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad de Granada, Spain
| | - Felix Distelmaier
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany.
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Charoenkitamorn K, Chaiyo S, Chailapakul O, Siangproh W. Low-cost and disposable sensors for the simultaneous determination of coenzyme Q10 and α-lipoic acid using manganese (IV) oxide-modified screen-printed graphene electrodes. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 1004:22-31. [PMID: 29329705 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In this work, for the first time, manganese (IV) oxide-modified screen-printed graphene electrodes (MnO2/SPGEs) were developed for the simultaneous electrochemical detection of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and α-lipoic acid (ALA). This sensor exhibits attractive benefits such as simplicity, low production costs, and disposability. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used to characterize the electrochemical behavior of the analyte and investigate the capacitance and electroactive surface area of the unmodified and modified electrode surfaces. The electrochemical behavior of CoQ10 and ALA on MnO2/SPGEs was also discussed. Additionally, square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) was used for the quantitative determination of CoQ10 and ALA. Under optimal conditions, the obtained signals are linear in the concentration range from 2.0 to 75.0 μg mL-1 for CoQ10 and 0.3-25.0 μg mL-1 for ALA. The low limits of detection (LODs) were found to be 0.56 μg mL-1 and 0.088 μg mL-1 for CoQ10 and ALA, respectively. Moreover, we demonstrated the utility and applicability of the MnO2/SPGE sensor through simultaneous measurements of CoQ10 and ALA in dietary supplements. The sensor provides high accuracy measurements, exhibiting its high potential for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanokwan Charoenkitamorn
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sudkate Chaiyo
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Orawon Chailapakul
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Center of Excellent of Petroleum, Petrochemicals and Advanced Materials, Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Weena Siangproh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumvit 23, Wattana, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
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Niklowitz P, Scherer J, Döring F, Paulussen M, Menke T. Oxidized proportion of muscle coenzyme Q10 increases with age in healthy children. Pediatr Res 2015; 78:365-70. [PMID: 26107394 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2015.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is synthesized in most human tissues, with high concentration in the skeletal muscle. CoQ10 functions in the mitochondrial respiratory chain and serves as a potent liphophilic antioxidant in membranes. CoQ10 deficiency impairs mitochondrial ATP synthesis and increases oxidative stress. It has been suggested that plasma CoQ10 status is not a robust proxy for the diagnosis of CoQ10 deficiency. METHODS We determined the concentration and redox-status of CoQ10 in plasma and muscle tissue from 140 healthy children (0.8-15.3 y) by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection. RESULTS There was no correlation between CoQ10 concentration or redox status between plasma and muscle tissue. Lipid-related CoQ10 plasma concentrations showed a negative correlation with age (Spearman's, P ≤ 0.02), but there was no significant age-related correlation for muscle concentration. In muscle tissue, we found a distinct shift in the redox status in favor of the oxidized proportion with increasing age (Spearman's, P ≤ 0.00001). Reference values for muscle CoQ10 concentration (40.5 ± 12.2 pmol/mg wet tissue) and CoQ10 redox status (46.8 ± 6.8% oxidized within total) were established for healthy children. CONCLUSION The age-related redox shift in muscle tissue suggests changes in antioxidative defense during childhood. The reference values established here provide a necessary prerequisite for diagnosing early CoQ10 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Niklowitz
- Children's Hospital Datteln, Witten-Herdecke University, Datteln, Germany
| | - Jürgen Scherer
- Children's Hospital Datteln, Witten-Herdecke University, Datteln, Germany
| | - Frank Döring
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Molecular Prevention, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Paulussen
- Children's Hospital Datteln, Witten-Herdecke University, Datteln, Germany
| | - Thomas Menke
- Children's Hospital Datteln, Witten-Herdecke University, Datteln, Germany
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Surrogate matrix: opportunities and challenges for tissue sample analysis. Bioanalysis 2015; 7:2419-2433. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.15.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Often there is limited availability of matching tissue matrix and/or the analyte may occur endogenously in the target tissue. Surrogate matrix provides an option for quantitation of drug, metabolite(s) and biomarker(s) in these circumstances. However, the use of a surrogate matrix also presents challenges. This paper summarizes and discusses the challenges of selecting a proper surrogate, validating the suitability of the surrogate and establishing a surrogate tissue method using the fit-for-purpose approach. This paper also systematically reviews the current practices for evaluating key parameters of a surrogate tissue assay, including sensitivity, specificity, selectivity, interference, precision, accuracy, recovery, matrix effects and stability. Considerations and suggestions are provided for dealing with such challenges during method establishment and tissue sample analysis.
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Tang Z, Li S, Guan X, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Lin S, Cai Z. Rapid assessment of the coenzyme Q10 redox state using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Analyst 2015; 139:5600-4. [PMID: 25140668 DOI: 10.1039/c4an00760c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An improved method for accurate and rapid assessment of the coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) redox state using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was described, with particular attention given to the instability of the reduced form of CoQ10 during sample preparation, chromatographic separation and mass spectrometric detection. As highly lipophilic compounds in complex biological matrices, both reduced and oxidized forms of CoQ10 were extracted simultaneously from the tissue samples by methanol which is superior to ethanol and isopropanol. After centrifugation, the supernatants were immediately separated on a C18 column with isocratic elution using methanol containing 2 mM ammonium acetate as a non-aqueous mobile phase, and detected by positive electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. Ammonium acetate as an additive in methanol provided enhanced mass spectrometric responses for both forms of CoQ10, primarily due to stable formation of adduct ions [M + NH4](+), which served as precursor ions in positive ionization MRM transitions. The assay showed a linear range of 8.6-8585 ng mL(-1) for CoQ10H2 and 8.6-4292 ng mL(-1) for CoQ10. The limits of detection (LODs) were 7.0 and 1.0 ng mL(-1) and limits of quantification (LOQs) were 15.0 and 5.0 ng mL(-1) for CoQ10H2 and CoQ10, respectively. This rapid extractive and analytical method could avoid artificial auto-oxidation of the reduced form of CoQ10, enabling the native redox state assessment. This reliable method was also successfully applied for the measurement of the CoQ10 redox state in liver tissues of mice exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, revealing the down-regulated mitochondrial electron transport chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Fischer A, Klapper M, Onur S, Menke T, Niklowitz P, Döring F. Dietary restriction decreases coenzyme Q and ubiquinol potentially via changes in gene expression in the model organism C. elegans. Biofactors 2015; 41:166-74. [PMID: 25939481 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) is a robust intervention that extends both health span and life span in many organisms. Ubiquinol and ubiquinone represent the reduced and oxidized forms of coenzyme Q (CoQ). CoQ plays a central role in energy metabolism and functions in several cellular processes including gene expression. Here we used the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans to determine level and redox state of CoQ and expression of genes in response to DR. We found that DR down-regulates the steady-state expression levels of several evolutionary conserved genes (i.e. coq-1) that encode key enzymes of the mevalonate and CoQ-synthesizing pathways. In line with this, DR decreases the levels of total CoQ and ubiquinol. This CoQ-reducing effect of DR is obvious in adult worms but not in L4 larvae and is also evident in the eat-2 mutant, a genetic model of DR. In conclusion, we propose that DR reduces the level of CoQ and ubiquinol via gene expression in the model organism C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Fischer
- Division of Molecular Prevention, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Maja Klapper
- Division of Molecular Prevention, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Simone Onur
- Division of Molecular Prevention, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Menke
- Children's Hospital of Datteln, Witten/Herdecke University, Datteln, Germany
| | - Petra Niklowitz
- Children's Hospital of Datteln, Witten/Herdecke University, Datteln, Germany
| | - Frank Döring
- Division of Molecular Prevention, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Chen S, Zhang L, Long Y, Zhou F. Electroanalytical Sensors and Methods for Assays and Studies of Neurological Biomarkers. ELECTROANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201400040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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17
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Onur S, Niklowitz P, Fischer A, Metges CC, Grune T, Menke T, Rimbach G, Döring F. A comparative study into alterations of coenzyme Q redox status in ageing pigs, mice, and worms. Biofactors 2014; 40:346-54. [PMID: 24578032 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q derivatives (CoQ) are lipid soluble antioxidants that are synthesized endogenously in almost all species and function as an obligatory cofactor of the respiratory chain. There is evidence that CoQ status is altered by age in several species. Here we determined level and redox-state of CoQ in different age groups of pigs, mice and Caenorhabditis elegans. Since these species are very different with respect to lifespan, reproduction and physiology, our approach could provide some general tendencies of CoQ status in ageing organisms. We found that CoQ level decreases with age in pigs and mice, whereas CoQ content increases in older worms. As observed in all three species, ubiquinone, the oxidized form of CoQ, increases with age. Additionally, we were able to show that supplementation of ubiquinol-10, the reduced form of human CoQ10 , slightly increases lifespan of post-reproductive worms. In conclusion, the percentage of the oxidized form of CoQ increases with age indicating higher oxidative stress or rather a decreased anti-oxidative capacity of aged animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Onur
- Division of Molecular Prevention, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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