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Zhen K, Hou W, Bai L, Wang M, Yue Z, Xu Z, Xiong D, Gao L, Ying W. An effective urobilin clearance strategy based on paramagnetic beads facilitates microscale proteomic analysis of urine. Analyst 2024; 149:3625-3635. [PMID: 38775334 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00312h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Urine provides an ideal source for disease biomarker discovery. High-adhesion contaminants such as urobilin, which are difficult to remove from urine, can severely interfere with urinary proteomic analysis. Here, we aimed to establish a strategy based on single-pot, solid-phase-enhanced sample preparation (SP3) technology to prepare samples for urinary proteomics analysis that almost completely eliminates the impact of urobilin. A systematic evaluation of the effects of two urinary protein precipitation methods, two types of protein lysis buffers, and different ratios of magnetic digestion beads on the identification and quantification of the microscale urinary proteome was conducted. Our results indicate that methanol-chloroform precipitation, coupled with efficient lysis facilitated by urea, and subsequent enzymatic digestion using a mix of hydrophilic and hydrophobic magnetic beads offers the best performance. Further applying this strategy to the urine of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate cancer and healthy individuals, combined with a narrow window of data-independent acquisition, FGFR4, MYLK, ORM2, GOLM1, SPP1, CD55, CSF1, DLD and TIMP3 were identified as potential biomarkers to discriminate benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemiao Zhen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Wenhao Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Lu Bai
- Department of Urology Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China.
| | - Mingchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Zhan Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Zanxin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Deyun Xiong
- Department of Urology Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China.
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Urology Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China.
| | - Wantao Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China.
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Estimates of fluid intake, urine output and hydration-levels in women from Somaliland: a cross-sectional study. J Nutr Sci 2021; 10:e66. [PMID: 34527224 PMCID: PMC8411265 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2021.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The study objective was to measure fluid intake and associations with background characteristics and hydration biomarkers in healthy, free-living, non-pregnant women aged 15–69 years from Hargeisa city. We also wanted to estimate the proportion of euhydrated participants and corresponding biomarker cut-off values. Data from 136 women, collected through diaries and questionnaires, 24h urine samples and anthropometric measurements, were obtained with a cross-sectional, purposeful sampling from fifty-two school and health clusters, representing approximately 2250 women. The mean (95 % CI) 24 h total fluid intake (TFI) for all women was 2⋅04 (1⋅88, 2⋅20) litres. In multivariate regression with weight, age, parity and a chronic health problem, only weight remained a predictor (P 0.034, B 0.0156 (l/kg)). Pure water, Somali tea and juice from powder and syrup represented 49⋅3, 24⋅6 and 11⋅7 % of TFI throughout the year, respectively. Mean (95 % CI) 24 h urine volume (Uvol) was 1⋅28 (1⋅17, 1⋅39) litres. TFI correlated strongly with 24 h urine units (r 0.67) and Uvol (r 0.59). Approximately 40 % of the women showed inadequate hydration, using a threshold of urine specific gravity (Usg) of 1⋅013 and urine colour (Ucol) of 4. Five percent had Usg > 1⋅020 and concomitant Ucol > 6, indicating dehydration. TFI lower cut-offs for euhydrated, non-breast-feeding women were 1⋅77 litres and for breast-feeding, 2⋅13 litres. Euhydration cut-off for Uvol was 0⋅95 litre, equalling 9⋅2 urine units. With the knowledge of adverse health effects of habitual hypohydration, Somaliland women should be encouraged to a higher fluid intake.
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Singh R, Lu R, Hu M. Flavonoids interference in common protein assays: Effect of position and degree of hydroxyl substitution. Anal Biochem 2020; 597:113644. [PMID: 32105737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids interfere with colorimetric protein assays in a concentration- and structure-dependent manner. Degree (≥3) and position (C3) of -OH substitution was associated with intensified interference (p < 0.05). Significant overestimation of protein (~3-5 folds) could occur at higher flavonoid concentrations (>5 μM) and is particularly evident at lower protein concentrations (25-250 μg/ml). Since, healthy human urinary protein (<200 μg/ml) and flavonoids urinary excretion (0.5-2 μg/ml) levels fall in this range, overestimation of protein concentration with flavonoids consumption in diet, including natural supplements, remains relevant issue for diagnostic and research labs. Protein precipitation by acetone to remove interfering flavonoid successfully resolves the problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashim Singh
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Rong Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Hu
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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A simplified method to recover urinary vesicles for clinical applications, and sample banking. Sci Rep 2014; 4:7532. [PMID: 25532487 PMCID: PMC4274508 DOI: 10.1038/srep07532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Urinary extracellular vesicles provide a novel source for valuable biomarkers for kidney and urogenital diseases: Current isolation protocols include laborious, sequential centrifugation steps which hampers their widespread research and clinical use. Furthermore, large individual urine sample volumes or sizable target cohorts are to be processed (e.g. for biobanking), the storage capacity is an additional problem. Thus, alternative methods are necessary to overcome such limitations. We have developed a practical vesicle isolation technique to yield easily manageable sample volumes in an exceptionally cost efficient way to facilitate their full utilization in less privileged environments and maximize the benefit of biobanking. Urinary vesicles were isolated by hydrostatic dialysis with minimal interference of soluble proteins or vesicle loss. Large volumes of urine were concentrated up to 1/100 of original volume and the dialysis step allowed equalization of urine physico-chemical characteristics. Vesicle fractions were found suitable to any applications, including RNA analysis. In the yield, our hydrostatic filtration dialysis system outperforms the conventional ultracentrifugation-based methods and the labour intensive and potentially hazardous step of ultracentrifugations are eliminated. Likewise, the need for trained laboratory personnel and heavy initial investment is avoided. Thus, our method qualifies as a method for laboratories working with urinary vesicles and biobanking.
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Liao J, Zhu Y, Zhou Z, Chen J, Tan G, Ning C, Mao C. Reversibly controlling preferential protein adsorption on bone implants by using an applied weak potential as a switch. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:13068-72. [PMID: 25284694 PMCID: PMC4294555 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201406349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A facile method is needed to control the protein adsorption onto biomaterials, such as, bone implants. Herein we doped taurocholic acid (TCA), an amphiphilic biomolecule, into an array of 1D nano-architectured polypyrrole (NAPPy) on the implants. Doping TCA enabled the implant surface to show reversible wettability between 152° (superhydrophobic, switch-on state) and 55° (hydrophilic, switch-off state) in response to periodically switching two weak electrical potentials (+0.50 and -0.80 V as a switch-on and switch-off potential, respectively). The potential-switchable reversible wettability, arising from the potential-tunable orientation of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic face of TCA, led to potential-switchable preferential adsorption of proteins as well as cell adhesion and spreading. This potential-switchable strategy may open up a new avenue to control the biological activities on the implant surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Liao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma
| | - Zhengnan Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Junqi Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Guoxin Tan
- Institute of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chengyun Ning
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Chuanbin Mao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma
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Liao J, Zhu Y, Zhou Z, Chen J, Tan G, Ning C, Mao C. Reversibly Controlling Preferential Protein Adsorption on Bone Implants by Using an Applied Weak Potential as a Switch. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201406349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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