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Hu X, Na G, Sun Y, Xing Y, Chen L, Gaiping Z. Establishment of ultrasensitive immunoassay strip based on colloidal gold-McAb probe for detecting cyproheptadine hydrochloride and six phenothiazines in feed. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2023; 40:1440-1449. [PMID: 37819997 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2023.2266516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
An ultrasensitive and broad-specific monoclonal antibody recognising cyproheptadine hydrochloride and six phenothiazines was produced. The 50% inhibition concentration against cyproheptadine hydrochloride was 0.036 ng/mL, and the cross-reactivities for six phenothiazines were from 6.33% to 63.16%. Based on the developed monoclonal antibody, an immunochromatographic strip was established, with the visual detection limits (cut-off values) of seven drugs ranging from 5 to 100 ng/g in feedstuffs. With the strip reader, the 50% inhibition concentration of the developed immunochromatographic strip for seven drugs ranged from 0.570 to 7.750 ng/g. The intra-assay recoveries were from 79.8% to 103.4% with the highest coefficient of variation of 11.3%. The inter-assay recoveries were from 79.0% to 96.6% with the highest coefficient of variation of 12.7%. In summary, the proposed immunochromatographic strip was considered suitable for simultaneously monitoring cyproheptadine hydrochloride and phenothiazines in feedstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Hu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guanqiong Na
- Key Laboratory for Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yaning Sun
- Key Laboratory for Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yunrui Xing
- Key Laboratory for Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Linlin Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhang Gaiping
- Key Laboratory for Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
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Wen D, Shi R, He H, Chen R, Zhang Y, Liu R, Chen H. Development and Validation of a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method to Determine Promethazine and Its Metabolites in Edible Tissues of Swine. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112180. [PMID: 37297425 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine promethazine (PMZ) and its metabolites, promethazine sulfoxide (PMZSO) and monodesmethyl-promethazine (Nor1PMZ), in swine muscle, liver, kidney, and fat. A sample preparation method and high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis were established and validated. The samples were extracted using 0.1% formic acid-acetonitrile and purified with acetonitrile-saturated n-hexane. After concentration by rotary evaporation, the extract was re-dissolved in a mixture of 0.1% formic acid-water and acetonitrile (80:20, v/v). Analysis was performed using a Waters Symmetry C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm i.d., 3.5 μm) with 0.1% formic acid-water and acetonitrile as the mobile phase. The target compounds were determined using positive ion scan and multiple reaction monitoring. PMZ and Nor1PMZ were quantified with deuterated promethazine (PMZ-d6) as the internal standard, while PMZSO was quantified using the external standard method. In spiked muscle, liver, and kidney samples, the limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) for PMZ and PMZSO were 0.05 μg/kg and 0.1 μg/kg, respectively, while for Nor1PMZ, these values were 0.1 μg/kg and 0.5 μg/kg, respectively. For spiked fat samples, the LOD and LOQ for all three analytes were found to be 0.05 μg/kg and 0.1 μg/kg, respectively. The sensitivity of this proposed method reaches or exceeds that presented in previous reports. The analytes PMZ and PMZSO exhibited good linearity within the range of 0.1 μg/kg to 50 μg/kg, while Nor1PMZ showed good linearity within the range of 0.5 μg/kg to 50 μg/kg, with correlation coefficients (r) greater than 0.99. The average recoveries of the target analytes in the samples varied from 77% to 111%, with the precision fluctuating between 1.8% and 11%. This study developed, for the first time, an HPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of PMZ, PMZSO, and Nor1PMZ in four swine edible tissues, comprehensively covering the target tissues of monitoring object. The method is applicable for monitoring veterinary drug residues in animal-derived foods, ensuring food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehui Wen
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Rong Shi
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Haiming He
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Rundong Chen
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yingzi Zhang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Domestic Animal Products (Guangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hong Chen
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Li ZB, Cui PL, Liu J, Liu JX, Wang JP. Production of generic monoclonal antibody and development of chemiluminescence immunoassay for determination of 32 sulfonamides in chicken muscle. Food Chem 2019; 311:125966. [PMID: 31862567 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A hapten of sulfabenzamide was first synthesized to generate a monoclonal antibody that simultaneously recognized 32 sulfonamides. The computational simulation showed that the 3D conformation, molecular bend angle, molecular volume, electronic charge of core structure of these drugs all showed influences on the antibody binding. The antibody was combined with a heterologous enzyme-labeled hapten to develop a direct competitive chemiluminescence enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for determination of the 32 sulfonamides in chicken muscle sample. The CRs of the optimized method for these drugs were in the range of 7.3%-1778%, and the IC50 values were in the range of 0.038-11.2 ng/g. The limits of detection for detection of these drugs in chicken were in the range of 0.03-26 ng/g. Their recoveries from the standards fortified blank chicken samples were in the range of 60.8%-97.1%. Therefore, this method could be used as a useful tool for routine screening sulfonamides residues in meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Bin Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding Hebei 071000, China
| | - Peng Lei Cui
- College of Science, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding Hebei 071000, China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding Hebei 071000, China
| | - Ju Xiang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding Hebei 071000, China
| | - Jian Ping Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding Hebei 071000, China.
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A graphene-based chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer immunoassay for detection of phenothiazines in pig urine. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Song YP, Li N, Zhang HC, Wang GN, Liu JX, Liu J, Wang JP. Dummy template molecularly imprinted polymer for solid phase extraction of phenothiazines in meat based on computational simulation. Food Chem 2017; 233:422-428. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.04.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Preparation of a generic monoclonal antibody and development of a highly sensitive indirect competitive ELISA for the detection of phenothiazines in animal feed. Food Chem 2017; 221:1004-1013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Li YF, Sun YM, Beier RC, Lei HT, Gee S, Hammock BD, Wang H, Wang Z, Sun X, Shen YD, Yang JY, Xu ZL. Immunochemical techniques for multianalyte analysis of chemical residues in food and the environment: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Zhang D, Park JA, Kim SK, Cho SH, Cho SM, Shim JH, Kim JS, Abd El-Aty AM, Shin HC. Simple extraction method for quantification of phenothiazine residues in pork muscle using liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 31. [PMID: 27862109 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In this study, an analytical method was developed for quantification of residues of the anthelmintic drug phenothiazine (PTZ) in pork muscle using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Muscles were extracted using 0.2% formic acid and 10 mm ammonium formate in acetonitrile, defatted and purified using n-hexane. The drug was well separated on a Waters XBridge™ C18 analytical column using a binary solvent system consisting of 0.2% formic acid and 10 mm ammonium formate in ultrapure water (A) and acetonitrile (B). Good linearity was achieved over a six-point concentration range in matrix-matched calibration with determination coefficient =0.9846. Fortified pork muscle having concentrations equivalent to and double the limit of quantification (1 ng/g) yielded recovery ranges between 100.82 and 104.03% and relative standard deviations <12%. Samples (n = 5) collected from large markets located in Seoul City tested negative for PTZ residue. In conclusion, 0.2% formic acid and ammonium formate in acetonitrile can effectively extract PTZ from pork muscle without solid-phase extraction, a step normally required for cleanup before analysis and the validated method can be used for routine analysis to ensure the quality of animal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-A Park
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Kwan Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Cho
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Min Cho
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Shim
- Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Suk Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ho-Chul Shin
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Shi FS, Liu J, Zhang L, Liu JX, Wang JP. Development of an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of phenothiazine drugs in meat and animal feeds. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2016; 51:715-721. [PMID: 27356032 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2016.1191919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, 2-chlorophenothiazine was used to synthesize a hapten for production of monoclonal antibody. The obtained monoclonal antibody showed high crossreactivities to chlorpromazine, promethazine and perphenazine, and showed low crossreactivities to acepromazine and fluphenazine. After evaluation of three coating antigens, a heterologous competitive indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was developed to determine the five phenothiazines in animal feeds and the residues of chlorpromazine, promethazine and perphenazine in meat. The crossreactivities to the five analytes were in a range of 2.4%-98%. The limits of detection for the five drugs in feeds were in a range of 0.1-3.0 μg g-1, and that for chlorpromazine, promethazine and perphenazine in meat were in a range of 0.5-0.8 ng g-1. Their recoveries from standards fortified blank samples (chicken, pork and feeds) were in a range of 74.1%-96.5% with coefficients of variation of 6.4%-15.1%. Therefore, this method could be used as a rapid screen tool to determine phenothiazine drugs in animal feeds and animal derived foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang S Shi
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding , Hebei , China
| | - Jing Liu
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding , Hebei , China
| | - Lei Zhang
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding , Hebei , China
| | - Ju X Liu
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding , Hebei , China
| | - Jian P Wang
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding , Hebei , China
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Safdarian M, Ramezani Z, Ghadiri AA. Facile synthesis of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer: Perphenazine template and its application in urine and plasma analysis. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1455:28-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.05.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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