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Dong T, Wan S, Wang Y, Fu Y, Wang P. Effects of Chemical Fixatives on Kinetic Measurements of Biomolecular Interaction on Cell Membrane. J Membr Biol 2024; 257:131-142. [PMID: 38206377 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-024-00305-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the interaction between ligands and membrane proteins is important for drug design and optimization. Although investigation using live cells is desirable, it is not feasible in some circumstances and cell fixation is performed to reduce cell motion and degradation. This study compared the effects of five fixatives, i.e., formaldehyde vapor (FV), paraformaldehyde (PFA), acetone, methanol, and ethanol, on kinetic measurements via the LigandTracer method. We found that all five fixatives exerted insignificant effects on lectin-glycan interaction. However, antibody-receptor interaction is markedly perturbed by coagulant fixatives. The acetone fixation changed the binding of the anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) antibody to HER2 on the cell membrane from a 1:2 to a 1:1 binding model, while methanol and ethanol abolished the antibody binding possibly by removal of the HER2 receptors on the cell membrane. The capability of binding was retained when methanol fixation was performed at lower temperatures, albeit with a binding model of 1:1 instead. Moreover, whereas cell morphology does not exert a substantial impact on lectin-glycan interaction, it can indeed modify the binding model of antibody-receptor interaction. Our results provided insights into the selection of fixatives for cell-based kinetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianbao Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, P. R. China
| | - Shengyang Wan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, P. R. China
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, P. R. China
| | - Yanhui Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, P. R. China
| | - Yaru Fu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, P. R. China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, P. R. China.
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Dong T, Han C, Liu X, Wang Z, Wang Y, Kang Q, Wang P, Zhou F. Live Cells versus Fixated Cells: Kinetic Measurements of Biomolecular Interactions with the LigandTracer Method and Surface Plasmon Resonance Microscopy. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:2094-2104. [PMID: 36939457 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c01047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Cell-based kinetic studies of ligand or candidate drug binding to membrane proteins have produced affinity and kinetic values that are different from measurements using purified proteins. However, ligand binding to fixated cells whose membrane constituents (e.g., proteins and their glycosylated forms) are partially connected by a cross-linking reagent has not been compared to that to live cells. Under the same experimental conditions for the LigandTracer method, we measured the interactions of fluorophore-labeled lectins and antibody molecules with glycans at HFF cells and the human epithelial growth receptor 2 at SKBR3 cells, respectively. In conjunction with surface plasmon resonance microscopy, the effects of labels and cell/sub-cell heterogeneity on binding kinetics were investigated. Our results revealed that, for cell constituents whose structures and functions are not closely dependent on cell viability, the ligand binding kinetics at fixated cells is only slightly different from that at live cells. The altered kinetics is explained on the basis of a less mobile receptor confined in a local environment created by partially interconnected protein molecules. We show that cell/sub-cell heterogeneity and labels on the ligands can alter the binding reaction more significantly. Thus, fixating cells not only simplifies experimental procedures for drug screening and renders assays more robust but also provides reliable kinetic information about drug binding to cell constituents whose structures are not changed by chemical fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianbao Dong
- Institute of Surface Analysis and Chemical Biology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P. R. China
| | - Chaowei Han
- Institute of Surface Analysis and Chemical Biology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P. R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- Institute of Surface Analysis and Chemical Biology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P. R. China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- Institute of Surface Analysis and Chemical Biology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P. R. China
| | - Yanhui Wang
- Institute of Surface Analysis and Chemical Biology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P. R. China
| | - Qing Kang
- Institute of Surface Analysis and Chemical Biology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P. R. China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Institute of Surface Analysis and Chemical Biology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P. R. China
| | - Feimeng Zhou
- Institute of Surface Analysis and Chemical Biology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P. R. China
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Pan K, Shi X, Liu K, Wang J, Chen Y. Efficacy, Pharmacokinetics, Biodistribution and Excretion of a Novel Acylated Long-Acting Insulin Analogue INS061 in Rats. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:3487-3498. [PMID: 34408401 PMCID: PMC8364340 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s317327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Long-acting insulin analogues are known to be a major player in the management of glucose levels in type I diabetic patients. However, highly frequent hypo- and hyperglycemic incidences of current long-acting insulins are the important factor to limit stable management of glucose level for clinical benefits. To further optimize the properties for steadily controlling glucose level, a novel long-acting insulin INS061 was designed and its efficacy, pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and excretion profiles were investigated in rats. Methods The glucose-lowering effects were evaluated in a streptozocin-induced diabetic rats compared to commercial insulins via subcutaneous administration. The pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and excretion were examined by validated analytical methods including radioactivity assay and radioactivity assay after the precipitation with TCA and the separation by HPLC. Results INS061 exhibited favorable blood glucose lowering effects up to 24 h compared to Degludec. Pharmacokinetic study revealed that the concentration-time curves of INS061 between two administration routes were remarkably different. Following intravenous administration, INS061 was quickly distributed to various organs and tissues and slowly eliminated over time with urinary excretion being the major route for elimination, and the maximum plasma concentrations (Cmax) and systemic exposures (AUC) increased in a linear manner. Conclusion The present structural modifications of human insulin possessed a long-acting profile and glucose-lowering function along with favorable in vivo properties in rats, which establish a foundation for further preclinical and clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Laboratory of Chemical Biology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, 222047, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolei Shi
- Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, 222047, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Liu
- Fujian Suncadia Medicine Co., Ltd, Xiamen, 361026, People's Republic of China
| | - Ju Wang
- Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, 222047, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Laboratory of Chemical Biology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, People's Republic of China
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Stein M, Haselberg R, Mozafari‐Torshizi M, Wätzig H. Experimental design and measurement uncertainty in ligand binding studies by affinity capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2019; 40:1041-1054. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Stein
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Braunschweig Germany
| | - Rob Haselberg
- Division of Bioanalytical ChemistryAmsterdam Institute of MoleculesMedicines and SystemsVrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Mona Mozafari‐Torshizi
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Braunschweig Germany
| | - Hermann Wätzig
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Braunschweig Germany
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Gassner C, Karlsson R, Lipsmeier F, Moelleken J. Beyond conventional dose-response curves: Sensorgram comparison in SPR allows single concentration activity and similarity assessment. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018. [PMID: 29533859 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Previously we have introduced two SPR-based assay principles (dual-binding assay and bridging assay), which allow the determination of two out of three possible interaction parameters for bispecific molecules within one assay setup: two individual interactions to both targets, and/or one simultaneous/overall interaction, which potentially reflects the inter-dependency of both individual binding events. However, activity and similarity are determined by comparing report points over a concentration range, which also mirrors the way data is generated by conventional ELISA-based methods So far, binding kinetics have not been specifically considered in generic approaches for activity assessment. Here, we introduce an improved slope-ratio model which, together with a sensorgram comparison based similarity assessment, allows the development of a detailed, USP-conformal ligand binding assay using only a single sample concentration. We compare this novel analysis method to the usual concentration-range approach for both SPR-based assay principles and discuss its impact on data quality and increased sample throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gassner
- Large Molecule Research, Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Germany.
| | | | - F Lipsmeier
- pRED Informatics, Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Switzerland
| | - J Moelleken
- Large Molecule Research, Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Germany
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Performance qualification for reproducible Surface Plasmon Resonance analysis. Anal Biochem 2018; 544:108-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Hinman SS, McKeating KS, Cheng Q. Surface Plasmon Resonance: Material and Interface Design for Universal Accessibility. Anal Chem 2018; 90:19-39. [PMID: 29053253 PMCID: PMC6041476 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel S. Hinman
- Environmental Toxicology, University of California–Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Kristy S. McKeating
- Department of Chemistry, University of California–Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Quan Cheng
- Environmental Toxicology, University of California–Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California–Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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Guo C, Su F, Song Y, Hu B, Wang M, He L, Peng D, Zhang Z. Aptamer-Templated Silver Nanoclusters Embedded in Zirconium Metal-Organic Framework for Bifunctional Electrochemical and SPR Aptasensors toward Carcinoembryonic Antigen. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:41188-41199. [PMID: 29112366 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b14952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
This study reported a novel biosensor based on the nanocomposite of zirconium metal-organic framework (Zr-MOF, UiO-66) embedded with silver nanoclusters (Ag NCs) using the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-targeted aptamer as template (AgNCs@Apt@UiO-66). The synthesized AgNCs@Apt@UiO-66 nanocomposite not only possesses good biocompatibility, active electrochemical performance, and strong bioaffinity, but also can be dispersed to form two-dimensional nanocomposite with nanoscale thickness. As such, the use of the AgNCs@CEA-aptamer enables AgNC@Apt@UiO-66 with sensitive and selective detection capacity of trace CEA, further concurrently being exploited as scaffold for surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (SPR) and electrochemical biosensors. The results showed that the proposed electrochemical AgNC@Apt@UiO-66-based aptasensor exhibits high sensitivity with a low detection limit (LOD) of 8.88 and 4.93 pg·mL-1 deduced from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and differential pulse voltammetry, respectively, within a broad linear range of the CEA concentration (0.01-10 ng·mL-1). Meanwhile, the developed SPR biosensor exhibited a slightly high LOD of 0.3 ng·mL-1 within the CEA concentration of 1.0-250 ng·mL-1. Both the electrochemical and SPR aptasensors displayed high selectivity, good reproducibility, stability, acceptable regenerability, and applicability in real human serum samples. These results proved that the proposed aptamer-targeted Zr-MOF nanocomposite can be utilized in multiple-functionally biosensing, further promoting the potential application of Zr-MOF-related nanomaterials in clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanpan Guo
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Fangfang Su
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yingpan Song
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Bin Hu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Minghua Wang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Linghao He
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Donglai Peng
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
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Kahle J, Maul KJ, Wätzig H. The next generation of capillary electrophoresis instruments: Performance of CE-SDS protein analysis. Electrophoresis 2017; 39:311-325. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kahle
- Technische Universität Braunschweig; Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Braunschweig Germany
| | - Kai Jorrit Maul
- Technische Universität Braunschweig; Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Braunschweig Germany
- PVZ: Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Braunschweig Germany
| | - Hermann Wätzig
- Technische Universität Braunschweig; Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Braunschweig Germany
- PVZ: Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Braunschweig Germany
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Steinicke F, Oltmann-Norden I, Wätzig H. Long term kinetic measurements revealing precision and general performance of surface plasmon resonance biosensors. Anal Biochem 2017; 530:94-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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