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Herrera-Rodríguez MA, Del Pilar Ramos-Godinez M, Cano-Martínez A, Segura FC, Ruiz-Ramírez A, Pavón N, Lira-Silva E, Bautista-Pérez R, Thomas RS, Delgado-Buenrostro NL, Chirino YI, López-Marure R. Food-grade titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles induce toxicity and cardiac damage after oral exposure in rats. Part Fibre Toxicol 2023; 20:43. [PMID: 37978398 PMCID: PMC10655394 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-023-00553-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metallic nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used as food additives for human consumption. NPs reach the bloodstream given their small size, getting in contact with all body organs and cells. NPs have adverse effects on the respiratory and intestinal tract; however, few studies have focused on the toxic consequences of orally ingested metallic NPs on the cardiovascular system. Here, the effects of two food-grade additives on the cardiovascular system were analyzed. METHODS Titanium dioxide labeled as E171 and zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs were orally administered to Wistar rats using an esophageal cannula at 10 mg/kg bw every other day for 90 days. We evaluated cardiac cell morphology and death, expression of apoptotic and autophagic proteins in cardiac mitochondria, mitochondrial dysfunction, and concentration of metals on cardiac tissue. RESULTS Heart histology showed important morphological changes such as presence of cellular infiltrates, collagen deposition and mitochondrial alterations in hearts from rats exposed to E171 and ZnO NPs. Intracellular Cyt-C levels dropped, while TUNEL positive cells increased. No significant changes in the expression of inflammatory cytokines were detected. Both NPs altered mitochondrial function indicating cardiac dysfunction, which was associated with an elevated concentration of calcium. ZnO NPs induced expression of caspases 3 and 9 and two autophagic proteins, LC3B and beclin-1, and had the strongest effect compared to E171. CONCLUSIONS E171 and ZnO NPs induce adverse cardiovascular effects in rats after 90 days of exposure, thus food intake containing these additives, should be taken into consideration, since they translocate into the bloodstream and cause cardiovascular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Alejandro Herrera-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Colonia Sección 16, Tlalpan, C.P. 14080, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | | | - Agustina Cano-Martínez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Colonia Sección 16, Tlalpan, C.P. 14080, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Francisco Correa Segura
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Angélica Ruiz-Ramírez
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Natalia Pavón
- Departamento de Farmacología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Elizabeth Lira-Silva
- Departamento de Farmacología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rocío Bautista-Pérez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rosina Sánchez Thomas
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Yolanda Irasema Chirino
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rebeca López-Marure
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No. 1, Colonia Sección 16, Tlalpan, C.P. 14080, Ciudad de Mexico, México.
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Marquès M, Correig E, Capdevila E, Gargallo E, González N, Nadal M, Domingo JL. Essential and Non-essential Trace Elements in Milks and Plant-Based Drinks. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:4524-4533. [PMID: 34792758 PMCID: PMC9439980 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03021-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although milk and plant-based drinks are widely consumed foodstuffs with high nutritional value, their consumption may also mean intake of non-essential/toxic elements becoming a risk for human health. This study was aimed at determining the concentrations of essential (Ca, Co, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni and P) and non-essential/toxic (Hg, Pb, U and V) elements in milks (cow and goat), plant-based drinks (soy, almond, rice and oat) and infant formulas from organic and conventional production systems. Lactose-free, fresh and ultra-high-temperature (UHT) milks were also included. Chemical analyses were performed by means of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The content of the elements hereby assessed did not depend on the production system and the presence of lactose. However, significant differences were found in the concentrations of multiple elements when comparing sterilization methods, source (animal vs. plant-based) and animal species. Non-essential elements were not detected in milks and plant-based drinks, excepting Pb, which was detected in three samples. While the consumption of goat milk is recommended, considering the global intake of essential elements and the absence of non-essential elements, further studies should be conducted to confirm the absence of non-target toxic elements at very low trace levels. On the other hand, the best plant-based drinks are those made up with almonds (intake of Ca) and soy (K and Mg). The current results should be useful to help the population to balance the benefits and risks from milks and plant-based drinks consumption, as well as to adapt their dietary habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montse Marquès
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Eudald Correig
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Esther Capdevila
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Eva Gargallo
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Neus González
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Martí Nadal
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - José L Domingo
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
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Baratzadeh Poustchi F, Tabatabaei Yazdi F, Heidari A, Moosavi Z. Evaluation of chromium accumulation and resulting histopathological changes in Libyan jirds (Mammals, Rodentia), affected by effluent from Ghazghan leather industrial town, Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:39343-39353. [PMID: 32648223 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09801-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The leather industry is one of the major producers of wastewater, releasing large amounts of various chemicals into the environment. Chromium (Cr) is the most commonly used agent in the tanning industry. Accumulation in the animal body can adversely affect the functioning of animal tissues. The current study investigated the toxic effects of Cr on lung, kidney, liver, and testicular tissues in Libyan jirds (Meriones libycus) inhabiting the area surrounding Ghazghan leather industrial town, Mashhad, Iran. Average Cr concentrations were found to be significantly higher in samples from contaminated areas than controls (p < 0.05). The highest accumulation of Cr was found in lung tissue, while the liver tissue showed the lowest. The results also showed that sex and age had no significant effect on Cr accumulation in any tissue at either sampling area (p < 0.05). Histological analyses showed that Cr accumulation had caused changes in tissue samples from Libyan jirds from the contaminated area. Hyperemia was observed in all tissues. In kidney tissue, necrosis and degeneration of the epithelial cells of the tubules were seen as well, and in one case, we also observed hemorrhage. In liver tissue, necrosis, degeneration, and inflammation were observed, along with one case, of fibrosis. In lung tissue, we observed emphysema, hemorrhage, and inflammation. Testicular tissue also showed a considerable lesion. Given the proximity of specimens' habitat to an area of importance, i.e., the industrial town, and the species' dependence on its habitat for nutrition, Libyan jirds are particularly useful for monitoring. Thus, they can be used to monitor the level of contamination in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Baratzadeh Poustchi
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Tabatabaei Yazdi
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Ava Heidari
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Moosavi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Gruber A, Müller R, Wagner A, Colucci S, Spasić MV, Leopold K. Total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry for trace determination of iron and some additional elements in biological samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:6419-6429. [PMID: 32337622 PMCID: PMC7442763 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02614-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Trace elements are essential for life and their concentration in cells and tissues must be tightly maintained and controlled to avoid pathological conditions. Established methods to measure the concentration of trace elements in biological matrices often provide only single element information, are time-consuming, and require special sample preparation. Therefore, the development of straightforward and rapid analytical methods for enhanced, multi-trace element determination in biological samples is an important and raising field of trace element analysis. Herein, we report on the development and validation of a reliable method based on total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) analysis to precisely quantify iron and other trace metals in a variety of biological samples, such as the liver, parenchymal and non-parenchymal liver cells, and bone marrow–derived macrophages. We show that TXRF allows fast and simple one-point calibration by addition of an internal standard and has the potential of multi-element analysis in minute sample amounts. The method was validated for iron by recovery experiments in homogenates in a wide concentration range from 1 to 1600 μg/L applying well-established graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) as a reference method. The recovery rate of 99.93 ± 0.14% reveals the absence of systematic errors. Furthermore, the standard reference material “bovine liver” (SRM 1577c, NIST) was investigated in order to validate the method for further biometals. Quantitative recoveries (92–106%) of copper, iron, zinc, and manganese prove the suitability of the developed method. The limits of detection for the minute sample amounts are in the low picogram range. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Gruber
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Riccarda Müller
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Alessa Wagner
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Silvia Colucci
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maja Vujić Spasić
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kerstin Leopold
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
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Dos Santos LRSSR, de Freitas Santos A, das Graças Andrade Korn M. Effects of furosemide administration on the concentration of essential and toxic elements in Wistar rats by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 48:25-29. [PMID: 29773189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Furosemide can interfere with the metabolism of chemical elements, changing their levels in several tissues, thus causing imbalance. In this study, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) was used for multi-element analysis (Cd, Cu, Fe, Mg, Pb, Se and Zn) after microwave-assisted digestion, to evaluate the effect of furosemide (loop diuretic) on the composition of these essential and toxic elements in biological samples (liver, kidney, heart, lung and serum) of Wistar rats. Male and female Wistar rats (n = 40, 180-350 g) were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 20/group). The results were expressed as μg/g dry weight. The mean tissue concentrations (minimum-maximum in μg/g) of Cu, Fe, Mg and Zn in the biological samples ranged between 5.2 and 1023.5. The levels of Cd, Pb and Se were below the detection limit of the ICP OES. Accuracy was assessed by microwave-assisted digestion and recovery values of 83-116% were obtained. Liver had significantly higher trace element concentrations in most of the analyzed samples. Mg showed a significant reduction (for males and females) in its levels in the heart. In both genders, there was similarity in the Cu concentration reduction (around 16%) for all tissues. The highest iron losses were found for serum (52% and 12%) for male and female rats, respectively. Reductions in Zn occurred between 0.3 and 18.0%, mainly for kidneys and heart, respectively. This study demonstrated that furosemide altered the concentration of some elements in rats.
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